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CHANGES IN THE BENTHIC FAUNA OF LAKE CHIVERO, ZIMBABWE, OVER THIRTY YEARS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences • Authors: B.E. Marshall --- Department of Biological Sciences, ZimbabweLake Chivero is a eutrophic Zimbabwean reservoir and data on its benthic fauna are available over a period of about thirty years. The levels of organic carbon are higher than in many other southern African reservoirs but have not increased... -
Traditional Healing as Indigenous Knowledge: Its Relevance to HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa and the Implications for Counselors
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Lisa Lopez Levers --- Duquesne University,This article integrates the results of several culture-based studies conducted over the past decade. Specifically, links are made between the continued relevance of the African traditional healer's corpus of knowledge, the efficacy of the healer's cultural authority, and the need... -
Community Psychology: The Case of Cameroon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Therese Tchombe --- University of Buea, Cameroon Raul Kassea --- ENS University of Yaoundé, CameroonCommunity psychology in Cameroon is a budding discipline even its practice, given the scarcity of professionals with specialised training. However, this paper highlights public and private community-oriented projects that resonate with the principles of community psychology. The demands are high... -
Can Professionals Offering Support to Vulnerable Children in Kenya Benefit from Brief Play Therapy Training?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Kathryn Frances Hunt --- Durham University, United KingdomThis paper evaluates the perceived benefit to a group of thirty caring professionals of a brief training in Child-centred play therapy. Play therapy enables a child to create fictional worlds and in this way make sense of the real world... -
HIV/AIDS Awareness of In—School Adolescents in Nigeria: Implications for Adolescence Sexuality
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Mary Ogechi Esere --- University of Ilorin, NigeriaThis study investigated HIV/AIDS awareness of in-school adolescents in Nigeria to determine their risk for contracting HIV/AIDS. A total of 892 purposively selected adolescents (mean age = 16. 5 years; SD = 5. 2; males = 492; females = 400)... -
“I have undergone some metamorphosis!” The Impact of REds on South African Educators Affected by the Hiv/Aids Pandemic. A Pilot Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Linda Carol Theron --- North-West University, South AfricaThe study investigated the efficacy of Resilient Educators (REds), a group intervention program, designed to empower educators affected by the HIV/Aids pandemic and in research in progress. Fifteen participants (three male; twelve female) from various primary schools in two different... -
Visual Participatory Approaches to HIV and AIDS Research as Intervention in a Rural Community Setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Naydene de Lange --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,This article presents visual participatory approaches as a way to address HIV and AIDS in a rural South African setting. The article suggests that visual imaging has merit for supporting HIV and AIDS intervention with learners, teachers, community health care... -
Positive Psychology: The Case of Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Regis Chireshe --- Great Zimbabwe University, Zimbabwe & Kyambogo University, Uganda Paul Ojwang --- Kyambogo University, Uganda Edward Ntare Rutondoki --- Kyambogo University, Uganda Gastone Byamugisha --- Kyambogo University, UgandaThe application of positive psychology concepts in professional psychology in Uganda is in its infancy. Both undergraduate and postgraduate psychology programmes in Ugandan universities have very limited emphasis on positive psychology concepts. Some applications are apparent in HIV/AIDS and disability... -
(Teen)Age is More than a Number: Generational Identity within the Context of HIV and AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Shakila Reddy --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,This study explored some of the complexities through which young adults construct and represent their sexual identities within the context of HIV/AIDS. The sample comprised a total of 136 (female = 77; male = 59) Indian and African learners, who... -
Doing Childhoods in the Context of HIV and AIDS: Young Children in Early Schooling Speak
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Nithi Muthukrishna --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Fundisa Tshauka --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Hasina Ebrahim --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Thabile Mbatha --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Vuyelwa Ntoi --- University of the Free State,This study investigated children's experiences and understandings of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Grade 3 children (n=31) from the province of KwaZulu-Natal aged between 8–11 years were participants in the study. Data were collected through a four-stage focus group process including activities... -
Relations of Power in Different Spaces: An Exploration of the Schooling Experiences of Children in an HIV/AIDS Context
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Anitha Ramsuran --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Fikile Lurwengu --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,In this article we explore how the concept of relations of power in different spaces plays out in the lives of school children living in an HIV/AIDS context, and how processes of inclusion and exclusion are associated with particular spaces... -
Photovoice as a Methodological Tool to Address HIV and AIDS and Gender Violence amongst Girls on the Street in Rwanda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Jean-Paul Umurungi --- National University of Rwanda, Claudia Mitchell --- McGill University, Myriam Gervais --- McGill University, Eliane Ubalijoro --- McGill University, Violet Kabarenzi --- Rwanda National Police,This study involved a particular group of children in Rwanda—girls who are living on the street and who miss out on education. Noting their relative absence from “the picture” in relation to accesses to services, the study explored how participatory... -
Finding Voice: The Photovoice Method of Data Collection in HIV and AIDS-Related Research
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Suhana Jacobs --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Anne Harley --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,This study examined the efficacy of photovoice as a research technique to explore the lives of children and families living in the context of HIV and AIDS. Participants were volunteers at a Day Care and Support Centre (n=18), and members... -
Sex and the Right to HIV/AIDS Education in Early Childhood
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Deevia Bhana --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,This study explored how early childhood teachers (n=5) and young children (n=174) (age range 7 to 8 years; males = 81; females = 93) in two primary schools constructed and interpreted the right to HIV/AIDS education. Data were captured using... -
HIV/AIDS Education in Butare-ville Secondary Schools (Rwanda): Analyzing Pedagogic Discourse Using a Bernsteinian Framework
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Wayne Hugo --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Vedaste Nyilimana --- Kigali Institute of Education, RwandaThis article presents three case studies of how HIV/AIDS education is being organized and taught in Rwanda. It analyses what teachers were doing in 2005 through classroom teaching to safeguard young people from HIV/AIDS. A pedagogic framework is introduced and... -
Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs Regarding HIV/AIDS among Adolescents in a Rural Secondary School in the Eastern Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Montseng Kwili --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Almon Shumba --- University of Fort Hare, South AfricaThis study examined knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding HIV/AIDS among adolescents at a rural secondary school in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Participants comprised of 120 Grade 7 to 9 learners (males =46; females =74; age range 12 to 19... -
Listening to the Voices of Children in Early Schooling in the South African Context of HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Kogilambal Govender --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Hasina Banu Ebrahim --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,This study explored how children in early schooling interpreted their social reality to construct vulnerable childhoods in an HIV/AIDS context. Ten males and ten females between the ages of eight and nine years from low-income families in KwaZulu-Natal participated in... -
The Challenges of HIV/AIDS Counselling in Nigerian Secondary Schools: A Case Study of Kwara State
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Lasiele Alabi Yahaya --- University of Ilorin,The study investigated the challenges of HIV/AIDS counselling in Nigerian secondary schools as expressed by school counsellors in Kwara state, Nigeria. The respondents comprised 132 purposively selected counsellors in Kwara state public secondary schools (Male=85; Female=47). Data were collected with... -
An Evaluation of an HIV/AIDS Prevention Program in a Nigerian Setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Jude Obinna Ezeokana --- Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria Anthony Nnedum --- Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria Azikiwe Nnamdi --- University of Nigeria, Sylvester Ntomchukwu Madu --- University of Limpopo,The study examined the success of a group based behavioural intervention with Nigerian youths aimed at reducing the risk of contracting and spreading HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted illness (STI). Participants were 147 youths (males=75, females=72, age range 5 to... -
Researching HIV/AIDS, Education & Childhood in the African Context
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Carol Aubrey --- University of Warwick, UKThis article offers a reflective review of 12 articles and 4 brief reports included in this special issue of the International Journal of Psychology in Africa with the theme, ‘HIV/AIDS, education and childhood in the African context’. Muthukrishna and Ramsuran... -
The Value of Social Representations Theory in Understanding Perceptions Regarding HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Lynlee Howard-Paynea --- University of the Witwatersrand, Peace Kiguwa --- University of the Witwatersrand,This study investigated the extent to which individuals experience ideologic strain from identifying with members in their in-group and its shared representation of HIV. 200 students from a large South African University completed a HIV Knowledge, Perceptions & Practices survey... -
A Violent Heritage: Non-Governmental Organizations as an Arena for the Reproduction of Childhood Violence in the Context of HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Susan de la Porte --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,This article used ethnographic fieldwork to explore the overt and covert patterns of childhood violence experienced in a community on the north of Durban, South Africa. Participants included nine female teachers, two hundred pre-school children (age range 6 months to... -
Hazardous Alcohol Use among Persons Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council & University of the Free State, Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya --- Human Sciences Research Council & University of the Western Cape, George Petros --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThe study assessed the prevalence of hazardous alcohol use among people living with HIV (PLHIV) and its correlates with socio-economic characteristics, disease variables and ART adherence in South Africa. The sample included 607 PLHIV (males =475, females =132; age range... -
Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Risk among Women in Primary Health Care Delivery Services in a South African Setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council University of Free State, South Africa Adlai Davids --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThe aim of the study is to investigate intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV risk among antenatal care attendees at primary care health care facilities in a South African setting. A convenient sample of 984 pregnant women (mean age of... -
Psychological Well-Being and Health Related Quality of Life among a Group of Low-Income Women Living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Krishna Mannadiar Nair --- Chatsworth Regional Hospice, South Africa Nithi Muthukrishna --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaThis study documented the relationships among biomedical factors, psychosocial factors, health related quality of life (HRQOL) and suicidality in respect of HIV positive women in KwaZulu-Natal. One hundred and thirty three (133) women over the age of 18 years (mean... -
Lay Counsellor-Based Risk Reduction Intervention with HIV Negative Diagnosed Patients at HIV Counselling and Testing Sites in a Rural South African Setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa, University of the Free State, South Africa Cily Tabane --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Gladys Matseke --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Leickness Simbayi --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThe study evaluated the feasibility, fidelity, and effectiveness of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention intervention delivered to HIV-uninfected patients by lay counsellors during routine HIV counselling and testing (HCT) service in Mpumalanga, South Africa. Participants were 543 HIV negative... -
Counselling for Psychological Well-Being in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Stephen D. Edwards --- University of Zululand, South Africa David J. Edwards --- University of Zululand, South AfricaA psychological well-being counselling program, which provided person centered, group counselling interventions for inpatients infected with HIV/AIDS was evaluated at Amangwe therapeutic village in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The aim was to improve the psychological well-being of participants (9 male, 21... -
Support Group Needs for People Living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) in Communities around Durban, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Shandir Ramlagan --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Jean Francois Aquilera --- UNAIDS, South AfricaThe study constructed a participant centred perspective of what members of a support group for people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) desired from their group meetings. The study sample (n = 34) was from three support groups of PLWHA... -
Community Psychology Doctoral Theses: A South African University Case Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Anthony L. Pillay --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Jabulani D. Thwala --- University of Zululand,The present investigation analysed the Community Psychology doctoral thesis trends with respect to student demographics, thesis topics, research methodology, research participant demographics, rural/urban focus, community empowerment focus, and programme development and evaluation at one institution. Of the 51 students who... -
Poverty and HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for Psychological Well-being
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Joseph M. Kasayira --- University of Malawi, Regis Chireshe --- Walter Sisulu University, South AfricaThe study examines the literature on poverty and HIV/AIDS in an effort to explore the various psychological resources available for affected individuals. Poverty is an increased risk for HIV and AIDS for a majority of the citizens of sub-Saharan Africa,... -
Psychosocial Health of an African Group before Awareness of HIV Status: A Comparative Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Lanél Maré --- North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), South Africa Marié P. Wissing --- North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), South Africa Mada J. Watson --- North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), South Africa Suria M. Ellis --- North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), South AfricaThis study aimed to explore the psychosocial health profiles of people with and without HIV before they learned their infection status. A total of 1,025 participants (males = 386, females = 639, age range = between 32 and 87, infected... -
Lay Counsellors' Experiences of Delivering HIV Counselling Services in Public Health Facilities in a Eastern Cape Province District of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Adlai Davids --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThe study examined experiences of lay counsellors who provide HIV counselling services to identify potential HIV counselling needs. Qualitative and quantitative interview data were collected from 74 lay counsellors from a sample of Eastern Cape Province district's health facilities (n=74)... -
Safe Sex Education for Adolescent Daughters: vhaVenda Mothers Views
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Mpho Ramarumo --- University of Venda, South Africa Pilot Mudhovozi --- University of Venda, South Africa Tholene Sodi --- University of Limpopo, South AfricaThe study explored vhaVenda mothers' perceptions of imparting safe sex education to their adolescent daughters. Data was collected through six focus group discussions with each group consisting of six to eight mothers. The results indicated that mothers want their children... -
Sexuality Education in South Africa: Wedged within a Triad of Contradictory Values
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Dennis A. Francis --- University of the Free State, South AfricaFew studies have investigated how teachers teach sexuality within the Outcomes-Based Life Orientation programme. This desktop review investigates sex and sexuality teaching practices in the classroom. First it gives a brief overview of the curriculum requirements for sexuality education. Secondly,... -
Spirituality and Religion in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Kwazulu-natal, South Africa: A Longitudinal Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria and University of Limpopo,This study assesses the effects of spirituality and religion in health outcomes of patients on ART in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Participants were 735 patients who attended three HIV clinics for ART over a period of 20 months as follows: 519... -
Psychological Distress and Associated Factors Among a Sample of Pregnant Women in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Elisa Shikwane --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Gladys Matseke --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaWe sought to identify the prevalence of psychological distress and associated factors among pregnant women who were patients at antenatal primary care clinics in a South Africa district. A cross-sectional study using systematic sampling was conducted among 1497 pregnant women... -
Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions of HIV and AIDS by Rural South African Secondary School Learners
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Elelwani Muthivhi --- Department of Home Affairs, South Africa Tholene Sodi --- University of Limpopo, South Africa Levison Maunganidze --- Midlands State University, Zimbabwe Pilot Mudhovozi --- University of Venda, South AfricaWe investigated the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of secondary school learners (Grade 10 to 12) towards HIV/AIDS. Two hundred learners attending two rural village schools were participants (males =106, females =94, mean age = 16.5 years, SD = 2.4). Data... -
Prevalence and Correlates of Posttraumatic Stress in HIV Lay Counsellors in Nkangala District, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThis study evaluated the prevalence and correlates of posttraumatic stress in a sample of HIV lay counsellors in South Africa. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 117 HIV lay counsellors in 71 health facilities in one health district (Nkangala) in... -
Troubling Discourse: The Social Justice Approach Towards Combating HIV and AIDS Stigmatisation Among Adolescents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Christa Beyers --- University of the Free State, Milton Nkoane --- University of the Free State,This study investigated the experiences of adolescents living with HIV and AIDS. Interviews were conducted with ten black female adolescents who were diagnosed HIV-positive to determine the effect of positive diagnosis on their being. Three of the participants chose to... -
Psychological Contract in HIV Prevention Clinical Trials in Resource Poor Communities in Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Calvin Gwandure --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Thokozile Mayekiso --- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South AfricaThe paper explored the application of psychological contract in HIV prevention clinical trials in resource poor communities in Africa. The psychological contract was discussed in relation to practices in New HIV Prevention Technologies in Africa. From this discussion, it would... -
HIV Disclosure Among HIV Positive New Mothers in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Gladys Mlambo --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV disclosure and associated factors in HIV-positive new mothers. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 607 systematically recruited HIV-positive new mothers in 48 primary health care clinics in... -
Research Agenda to Facilitate Community Participation In HIV Vaccine Research: A Participatory Approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Anthea Lesch --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Sagri Singh --- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Country and Regional Programmes, USA Zuhayr Kafaar --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Leslie Swartz --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Alexandre Menezes --- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Country and Regional Programmes, USAThis article reports on a participatory process to generating a research agenda to guide research on community participation in HIV vaccine research. Community members representing stakeholder parties involved in the HIV vaccine research enterprise were invited to participate in the... -
Exploring Leadership Hubs as an Intervention in Strengthening the Resilience of Health Caregivers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Magdalena P. Koen --- North-West University, South Africa Emmerentia du Plessis --- North-West University, South Africa Francois G. Watson --- North-West University, South AfricaThis article reports the findings from an intervention to strengthen the resilience of leaders of health caregivers involved in HIV and AIDS care across 4 countries, namely South Africa, Uganda, Jamaica and Kenya. Data on participants' experience of how their... -
Community-Based Collaboration in Support of Older Persons
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Martha J. Watson --- North-West University, South Africa Hester C. Klopper --- North-West University, South Africa Annamarie Kruger --- North-West University, South AfricaThis study describes the processes for community-based collaboration in support of the older person living in the world of HIV/AIDS in South Africa. Secondary data from study from 333 older persons (> 60 years) and 28 leaders of community agencies... -
Sex during genital bleeding and risks for HIV infection: preliminary study of sexually transmitted infection clinic patients in Cape Town, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: SethC Kalichman LeicknessC SimbayiPracticing sexual intercourse in the presence of blood is a potentially important factor in facilitating HIV transmission. In the current study 149 men and 78 women receiving diagnostic and treatment services for repeated sexually transmitted infections (STI) in Cape Town,... -
Decisions and advice about infant feeding: findings from sociological work in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gill SeidelWhat are women's practices and experiences? And what are pregnant women being told about risks through breastfeeding in an area of high HIV seroprevalence? This work sets out to explore these two principal questions in terms of the implications for... -
Age at sexual debut in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anne BakilanaIt is important to understand the age at which sexual relations start in designing HIV prevention strategies. Most studies on age of sexual activity of young people provide estimated percentages of those that are sexually active in specific age groups,... -
Differences in Tunisian adolescents' knowledge, misconceptions and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS from 1997 to 2002
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Fethi Tebourski Aida NajemSurveys were conducted to estimate the extent to which knowledge, misconceptions and attitudes of adolescents in Tunisia towards HIV/AIDS had changed after a period of five years. A population of school-going adolescents of both sexes, age 16 to 20, was... -
Developmental vulnerabilities and strengths of children living in child-headed households: a comparison with children in adult-headed households in equivalent impoverished communities
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: David Donald Glynis ClachertyThis pilot study addresses the need to clarify specific developmental vulnerabilities and strengths that characterise children living in child-headed households in comparison to children living in adult-headed households in equivalent impoverished communities. Samples of 10 each of these two categories... -
Sex, disease and stigma in South Africa: historical perspectives
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Peter Delius Clive GlaserThis paper attempts to analyse historically why stigma and denial around HIV/AIDS is so powerful in South Africa, so powerful that ailing family members can be shunned and evicted. For many observers, the answer lies simply in its being a... -
Gendered socioeconomic conditions and HIV risk behaviours among young people in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kelly HallmanRecent evidence suggests that the burden of new HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa is concentrated among young people, especially females. Even in a country such as South Africa where knowledge among young people of how to protect oneself from infection... -
Social marketing as a means of raising community awareness of an HIV voluntary counselling and testing site in Soweto, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Raymond Hewer Enea Motaung Alicia Mathope Debra MeyerIn order for HIV voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) to be successful, the approval of and attendance at the VCT centre by the community it serves is necessary. To this end, the Township AIDS Project (TAP), which has VCT sites... -
The impact of reduced drug prices on the cost-effectiveness of HAART in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nicoli Nattrass Nathan GeffenSouth Africa has started 'rolling out' highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) through the public health sector, but implementation has been slow. Studies have shown that in Africa AIDS prevention may be more cost-effective than providing HAART; such published results provide... -
Silent survivors of sexual violence in conflict and the implications for HIV mitigation: experiences from Eritrea
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Janet GruberThis paper considers the impacts of sexual violence perpetrated while the Eritrean town of Senafe was occupied by the Ethiopian military in 2000, during the second Ethiopia–Eritrea war. It discusses the aftermath for the survivors, all women and girls belonging... -
Understanding fatalism in HIV/AIDS protection: the individual in dialogue with contextual factors
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anna Meyer-WeitzMany people remain at risk of becoming HIV-infected despite large-scale prevention efforts. An exploratory study was conducted to investigate the determinants of a fatalistic attitude towards protecting the self from HIV/AIDS. The study utilised the Human Sciences Research Council's national,... -
The impact of participatory and non-participatory evaluations on meeting project objectives
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mercy Niba J Maryann GreenThis study investigates the value of participation on meeting a project's objectives by comparing the impact of participatory and non-participatory evaluation frameworks. We assessed HIV/AIDS projects that shared similarities in terms of objectives and implementation strategies, but differed in their... -
Ethical journalism in a time of AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Franz KrügerThe media's role in fighting the AIDS pandemic has come under scrutiny due to the scale of the pandemic, the breadth of its impact and the accompanying stigma and denial. There have been calls for the mobilisation of the media... -
What do Tanzanian children worry about?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mai Bente Snipstad Gro Therese Lie Dagfinn WinjeThis paper explores the worries of children in a sample of 8- to 15-year-old children, drawn from three primary schools on the outskirts of Moshi, Tanzania. Data about children's worries were collected by two methods. First, lists of worries were... -
Vaccine preparedness: lessons from Lyantonde, Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Paul Ritvo Dennis Willms Robert Meisner Laura Brown Adam Goldman Nelson SewankamboTo explore how to better educate rural Africans about preventive HIV/AIDS vaccine trials, 15 semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with villagers in Lyantonde, Rakai District, Uganda. This study reports on the findings by focusing on the attitudes, knowledge and questions... -
Does conflict increase vulnerability to HIV infection? Issues for a research agenda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Janet GruberMuch action has been taken in the last ten years to prevent and mitigate HIV infection in times of conflict, yet two fundamental questions remain unanswered: Does conflict always and everywhere increase vulnerability to HIV infection, and are women and... -
Human rights and access to AIDS treatment in Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Erling HøgThis article explores key issues related to the agitation for human rights in Mozambique and its weak performance power. I define human rights in the context of HIV/AIDS as well as rights-based approaches to development and health. Based on fieldwork,... -
Psychosocial disadvantage: preparation, grieving, remembrance and recovery for orphans in eastern Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Brian Howard Nelia Matinhure SherylA McCurdy Cary Alan JohnsonFew programmes for sub-Saharan Africa's 12.3 million children orphaned by AIDS have focused on their high risk for psychosocial problems. As groundwork for supporting orphans' healthy development, this study describes the preparation, grief, and memorial experiences and the physical and... -
Confronting AIDS-related loss and grief: an exploratory study of professional caregivers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Craig DemmerAs a result of the high mortality rate associated with AIDS, professional caregivers witness ongoing loss among clients. Besides finding ways to assist the dying and the bereaved, caregivers must cope with their own feelings surrounding loss. The purpose of... -
Preliminary investigation of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among children in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mariya Mukhtar-Yola Solomon Adeleke Dayyabu Gwarzo Zubaida Farouk LadanTreatment of HIV with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has resulted in declining morbidity and mortality rates from HIV-associated diseases, but concerns regarding access and adherence are growing. To determine the adherence level and the reasons for non-adhering to antiretroviral... -
Workplace ART programmes: Why do companies invest in them and are they working?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gavin GeorgePrevalence data indicates that certain sectors within the private sector are particularly affected by HIV/AIDS. Companies in southern Africa began implementing treatment programmes in early 2002 as the corporate sector came to realise the financial imperative of offsetting employee morbidity... -
Gendered home-based care in South Africa: more trouble for the troubled
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Olagoke AkintolaThis study investigates the experiences of informal caregivers of people living with HIV in two semi-rural communities in South Africa. Ethnographic methods were used to collect and analyse data on the gendered nature and consequences of home-based care from 21... -
Zambian male adolescents' perceptions about premarital sexual relationships
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elisabeth Dahlbäck Patrick Makelele C Bawa Yamba Staffan Bergström Anna-Berit Ransjö-ArvidsonThe role adolescent boys play in premarital sexual activities, gender power relations, and the reproductive health risks they are exposed to, has received little attention in research. This qualitative study has aimed to explore Zambian male adolescents' perceptions and expectations... -
Knowledge and perception of HIV/AIDS among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Ogun State, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: AdeniyiK Adeneye MargaretA Mafe AdejuwonA Adeneye KabiruK Salami WilliamR Brieger MusbauA Titiloye TaiwoA Adewole PhilipU AgomoMother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) is responsible for more than 90% of the cases of HIV infection in infants and children in sub-Saharan Africa. Accurate data on the knowledge and perceptions of HIV/AIDS among women attending antenatal clinics in Nigeria... -
Does a linear-received policy of condom promotion result in a myopic approach to HIV prevention?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nathan GrillsThis commentary discusses how linear models have been utilised to produce HIV-prevention policies that promote condoms. I examine how discourse on condom policy has been used to depict condom-promotion policies as inherently simple and rational, scientifically and economically sound, and,... -
Youth's perceptions of HIV infection risk: a sex-specific test of two risk models
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Yetunde ShoboThe study examines the associations between the cumulative and additive risk models and Nigerian youth's likelihood of perceiving vulnerability to HIV infection. Both models of risk seem to provide unique contributions to such understanding. The analysis is based on data... -
Urban and rural differences in HIV/AIDS stigma in five African countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: JoanneR Naidoo LeanaR Uys Minrie Greeff WilliamL Holzemer Lucy Makoae Priscilla Dlamini RenéD Phetlhu Maureen Chirwa Thecla KohiStigma and discrimination have been widely researched, especially within the context of health. In the context of HIV/AIDS, studies have shown that stigma variously impacts on prevention, on accessing treatment, and on care programmes. Decreasing stigma is therefore an important... -
Faithfulness to partners: a means to prevent HIV infection, a source of HIV infection risks, or both? A qualitative study of women's experiences in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: ThomasM Painter KassambaL Diaby DanielleM Matia LillianS Lin ToussaintS Sibailly MoïseK Kouassi EhounouR Ekpini ThierryH Roels StefanZ WiktorA cross-sectional study was carried out at a programme to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) at a public antenatal clinic in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. The objectives were to obtain information from women concerning their reactions to HIV test results... -
The influence of peers and other significant persons on sexuality and condom-use among young adults in northern Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Bernard Njau Sabina Mtweve Longin Barongo Rachel Manongi Juliet Chugulu Marcelina Msuya Stella Mwampeta Bertha Kiwale Joseph Lekule Hector JalipaSexual behaviour change remains a primary goal of HIV prevention efforts globally. It is a complex issue influenced by numerous unpredictable variables such as individual desires, social and cultural relationships, and environmental and economic dynamics. This study in northern Tanzania... -
Reconceptualising vulnerable children by acknowledging their assets
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Irma Eloff Liesel Ebersöhn Jeandré ViljoenWe report on a study that sought to find alternative pathways to conceptualising vulnerable children. We have extracted a section from a longitudinal study that focuses on the ways in which vulnerable children in a rural community in South Africa... -
Breaching cultural silence: enhancing resilience among Ugandan orphans
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Marguerite Daniel Hellen Malinga Apila Rune Bjørgo Gro Therese LieCultural silence is frequently the outcome of deep-seated taboos regarding adults talking to children about sex and death. This paper examines the impact of cultural silence on the resilience of children orphaned by AIDS in Uganda. Cultural silence is often... -
Socio-demographic and clinical features of HIV-positive outpatients at a clinic in south-west Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: FrankI Ojini Adenike CokerDespite the increasing prevalence of HIV in Nigeria, there is scarce knowledge about the spectrum of HIV-related diseases in the country. This paper documents the profile of outpatients seen at the HIV clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH),... -
Child participation in research: reflections on ethical challenges in the southern African context
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Glynis Clacherty David DonaldThis article reflects on several challenges that particular cultural, socio-economic and catastrophic factors (such as the HIV epidemic) pose to ethical practice in research involving child participation in a region such as southern Africa. With reference to concrete situations, we... -
HIV/AIDS messages in Malawi and their implications for effective responses
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Vanessa Houston Alice HovorkaThis paper explores the nature of HIV/AIDS education and information networks in Malawi, with a focus on Dedza district. We consider the role of institutional and personal actors involved in Malawi's recently instated and decentralised behaviour-change intervention strategy, as well... -
Responses to VCT for HIV among young people in Kampala, Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Eva-Britta Råssjö Elisabeth Darj Joseph Konde-Lule Pia OlssonAttitudes to voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) for HIV among young men and women in a slum area of Kampala, Uganda, were studied through 22 individual semi-structured interviews and 5 focus group discussions. Attitudes to VCT ranged from having no... -
Fertility desire and family-planning demand among HIV-positive women and men undergoing antiretroviral treatment in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Wossenyelesh Tamene Mesganaw FantahunLittle information exists about desire to have children and family-planning use among HIV-positive individuals and how this may vary according to individual, social, health and demographic characteristics, especially in developing countries. To assess these topics in Ethiopia, a facility-based cross-sectional... -
Contextual factors associated with treatment-seeking and higher-risk sexual behaviour in Botswana among men with symptoms of sexually transmitted infections
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tabitha LangeniThis study investigates contextual factors associated with treatment-seeking behaviour and higher-risk sexual conduct of men symptomatic of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Botswana. Data were drawn from a randomly selected, nationally representative sample of 8 222 men, aged 15–64 years,... -
Key determinants of AIDS impact in Southern sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Wayne Xavier ShanderaTo investigate why Southern sub-Saharan Africa is more severely impacted by HIV and AIDS than other parts of sub-Saharan Africa, I conducted a review of the literature that assessed viral, host and transmission (societal) factors. This narrative review evaluates: 1)... -
Vulnerability to HIV infection among Luo female adolescent orphans in Western Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Erick Otieno NyambedhaLarge-scale surveys have reported that about 55% of orphans worldwide are adolescents. In Kenya, the majority of HIV-infected adolescents are females. The current study used the anthropological methods of in-depth case studies to analyse how migratory life situations of individual... -
Young Malawians on the interaction between mental health and HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jerome Wright Fred Lubben Mac Bain MkandawirePrevious research has identified high levels of mental health problems among people affected by HIV. This study surveys specifically adolescents in southern Malawi on their experience of the impacts of living with HIV or AIDS on one's mental health. At... -
Kissing the cobra: Sexuality and high risk in a generalised epidemic—a case study of White university students
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tessa Marcus --- , South AfricaThis paper explores the social factors that may account for the way the HIV-AIDS epidemic is unfolding in a racially segmented and socially differentiated society. As a sexually transmitted infectious disease that particularly infects adolescents and decimates young adults, there... -
Necessity and sufficiency in the aetiology of HIV/AIDS: The science, history and politics of the causal link
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ulrike Kistner --- , South AfricaAn earlier version of this paper was presented at the AIDS in Context Conference, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 4–7 April 2001 -
HIV/AIDS policies, practices and conditions in South African prisons: Criticisms and alternatives. Towards a research agenda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: KC Goyer --- Department of Political Science, South Africa J Gow --- , South AfricaThe level of HIV infection in South African prisoners is unknown. However, given that 4.2 million citizens or 20% of the adult population are infected by HIV then the problem of infection within the prison system would seem to be... -
HIV/AIDS: South African women at risk
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: L Walker --- , South Africa L Gilbert --- Department of Sociology, South AfricaA previous version of this paper was presented at the AIDS in Context Conference, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 4–7 April 2001 -
On the virgin cleansing myth: gendered bodies, AIDS and ethnomedicine
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Suzanne Leclerc-Madlala --- , South AfricaThe belief that HIV/AIDS can be cured as a result of having sex with a virgin has been identified as a possible factor in the rape of babies and children in South Africa. While the prevalence of this myth has... -
HIV/AIDS in South Africa: caring for vulnerable children
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: H Loening-Voysey --- , South AfricaSouth Africa currently has the fastest growing HIV/AIDS pandemic in the world. Efforts to manage the plight of children affected by HIV/AIDS have however been thwarted by two ubiquitous factors—poverty and inefficient state services. Caregivers, who are generally not public... -
Epidemiological and demographic HIV/AIDS projections: South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: ThomasM. Rehle --- , USA Olive Shisana --- , South AfricaThe Epidemic Projection Package (EPP) recently developed by the UNAIDS Reference Group on Estimates, Models and Projections and the Spectrum model program developed by the Futures Group were used to model the South African HIV epidemic, project future trends in... -
Investigating the interface between health system reform and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa: an approach for improving the fight against the epidemic
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: RasmusC Dawes --- , DenmarkDuring the period in which the HIV/AIDS epidemic has taken hold in sub-Saharan Africa, health system reforms have and continue to be introduced throughout the region. In spite of the multidisciplinary research undertaken, it can be questioned whether the relationships... -
Perceived social context of AIDS in a Black township in Cape Town
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: SethC Kalichman --- Department of Psychology, USA Leickness Simbayi --- , South AfricaAIDS is only one of several life threatening social problems facing people living in poverty. HIV/AIDS prevention messages and prevention programmes should be framed within the context of relevant social problems. The current study examined public perceptions of AIDS as... -
Predicting the social consequences of orphanhood in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rachel Bray --- Centre for Social Science Research, Leslie Social Science Building, Upper Campus, South AfricaThis paper examines and questions the predictions found in the academic and policy literature of social breakdown in southern Africa in the wake of anticipated high rates of orphanhood caused by the AIDS epidemic. Analysis of the logic underlying these... -
Investigating attitudes towards caring for people with HIV/AIDS among hospital care workers in Ibadan, Nigeria: the role of self-efficacy
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: BO Olley --- MRC Research Unit on Anxiety Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, South AfricaFear of HIV infection and its consequences may affect the willingness and capacity of health care workers to provide good quality care for people with HIV/AIDS (PWHAs). The study was founded on the proposition that self-efficacy may mediate the attitudinal... -
Waging war: discourses of HIV/AIDS in South African media
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mark Connelly --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Catriona Macleod --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaThis paper explores a discourse of war against HIV/AIDS evident in the Daily Dispatch, a South African daily newspaper, from 1985 to 2000, and discusses the implications of this in terms of the way in which HIV/AIDS is constructed. The... -
South Africa youths’ higher-risk sexual behaviour: an eco-developmental analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Monde Makiwane --- Child, Youth, Family and Social Development, South Africa Zitha Mokomane --- Child, Youth, Family and Social Development, South AfricaDespite their high levels of knowledge about HIV and AIDS, young people ages 15–24 years in South Africa remain disproportionately affected by the epidemic. Young people's continued susceptibility to HIV infection has been consistently linked to intractable higher-risk sexual behaviours... -
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected children attending a donor-funded clinic at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Edna Iroha --- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, Nigeria Christopher Imokhuede Esezobor --- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, Nigeria Chinyere Ezeaka --- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, Nigeria Edamisan Olusoji Temiye --- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, Nigeria Adebola Akinsulie --- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, NigeriaThe success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) depends on a high level of adherence to a life-long regimen of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). Since the scale-up of access to ARVs in Nigeria, few studies have determined the level of adherence of ART... -
Perceptions of HIV/AIDS leaders about faith-based organisations’ influence on HIV/AIDS stigma in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mpoe Johannah Keikelame --- Directorate of Primary Health Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa ColleenK Murphy --- , United States KarinE Ringheim --- , United States Sara Woldehanna --- , United StatesThe extent of the HIV pandemic—particularly in the hardest-hit countries, including South Africa—has prompted a call for greater engagement of all groups, including faith-based organisations (FBOs). Although FBOs are known to play a substantial role in providing care and support... -
HIV and AIDS vulnerability in fishing communities in Mangochi district, Malawi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Joseph Nagoli --- , Katrien Holvoet --- , Michelle Remme --- ,The fisheries sector contributes significantly to Malawi's national economy and to the livelihoods of the poor as certain activities in the sector have relatively low barriers to entry. Various studies have shown that the fisheries sector suffers from high HIV... -
Positive care? HIV and residential care for children in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Susan Moses --- , South Africa Helen Meintjes --- , South AfricaResponses to the HIV epidemic leading to an increase in the number of residential care facilities for children across sub-Saharan Africa have prompted concerns that large numbers of orphaned children are being placed in institutional care. There is little empirical... -
HIV/AIDS fatalism, beliefs and prevention indicators in Gabon:comparisons between Gabonese and Malians
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: RosannaF Hess --- , United States Martin Mbavu --- , United StatesHIV/AIDS fatalism may impact on individuals’ health-seeking behaviour and HIV-prevention efforts. This descriptive study measured levels of HIV/AIDS fatalism and documented HIV/AIDS beliefs and practices among a sample of Gabonese and Malians living in Gabon, West Africa. The Powe Fatalism... -
Dilemmas and tensions facing a faith-based organisation promoting HIVprevention among young people in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Marisa Casale --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Stephanie Nixon --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Sarah Flicker --- Faculty of Environmental Studies, Canada Clara Rubincam --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Angelique Jenney --- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, CanadaFaith-based organisations (FBOs) are receiving growing attention for their roles in addressing HIV and AIDS in southern Africa. These roles, however, are not without philosophical challenges. Yet, to date, most references to the successes or limitations of FBOs have remained... -
Assessing cognitive-linguistic abilities in South African adults living with HIV: the Cognitive Linguistic Quick Test
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anniah Mupawose --- School of Human and Community Development, Speech Pathology and Audiology Department, South Africa Yvonne Broom --- School of Human and Community Development, Psychology Department, South AfricaHIV can cross the blood-brain barrier to enter the central nervous system. This results in cognitive deficits in the majority of patients. The assessment of these deficits and management of these patients poses challenges for healthcare workers in South Africa... -
Trend analysis and short-term forecast of incident HIV infection in Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Patrick Aboagye-Sarfo --- School of Engineering, Australia James Cross --- School of Engineering, Australia Ute Mueller --- School of Engineering, AustraliaThe study uses time-series modelling to determine and predict trends in incident HIV infection in Ghana among specific age groups. The HIV data for Ghana were grouped according to northern and southern spatial sectors as they exhibited slightly different data... -
HIV/AIDS messages as a spur for conversation among young South Africans?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elizabeth Lubinga --- School of Languages and Communication Studies, South Africa Margrit Schulze --- School of Languages and Communication Studies, South Africa Carel Jansen --- , The Netherlands Alfons Maes --- , The NetherlandsHIV/AIDS messages are often deliberately puzzling so as to increase the chance for them to be used as food for conversation. The South African health organisation ‘loveLife,’ for instance, uses messages that include complicated rhetorical expressions in their media campaigns,... -
Deafness and HIV/AIDS: a systematic review of the literature
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jill Hanass-Hancock --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Loveness Satande --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaA systematic review of the literature focused on empirical work on deafness and HIV/AIDS published during the past decade. The review reveals that deaf people are vulnerable to contracting HIV and might lack access to HIV/ AIDS information, testing and... -
Personal coping strategies for managing the side effects of antiretroviral therapy among patients at an HIV/AIDS clinic in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rogers Kyajja --- , Uganda Joshua Kanaabi Muliira --- , Uganda Elizabeth Ayebare --- , UgandaThe side effects of antiretroviral (ARV) medications negatively impact patients’ quality of life and adherence to treatment. This study describes the burden of side effects from ARV treatment as experienced by a sample of HIV/AIDS patients and identifies the personal... -
Developing visual images for communicating information aboutantiretroviral side effects to a low-literate population
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ros Dowse --- Faculty of Pharmacy, South Africa Thato Ramela --- Faculty of Pharmacy, South Africa Kirsty-Lee Barford --- Faculty of Pharmacy, South Africa Sara Browne --- , United StatesThe side effects of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy are linked to altered quality of life and adherence. Poor adherence has also been associated with low health-literacy skills, with an uninformed patient more likely to make ARV-related decisions that compromise the efficacy... -
Factors associated with high media coverage of the HIV epidemic in Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Cecilia Strand --- Department of Informatics and Media Science, SwedenRegional studies show that Lesotho outperforms other countries in southern Africa in terms of awarding coverage to HIV and AIDS. Through qualitative interviews, this study examines the motivations, experiences, and perceived challenges among media workers, which could explain the high... -
The role of law in the regulation of HIV-vaccine research in South Africa and Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Pamela Andanda --- School of Law, South AfricaLaw is an important regulatory mechanism, particularly for creating an enabling research environment. However, the manner in which law addresses issues related to medical research, and HIV-vaccine research in particular, is at times inadequate and of great concern to the... -
Cultural obstacles to the rollout of antiretrovirals: an exploratorycross-country analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nicoli Nattrass --- , South AfricaThis article begins with an econometric analysis of potential socioeconomic determinants of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) coverage. It shows that ‘cultural’ factors such as language diversity pose challenges to HAART coverage, but that the most important drivers of HAART... -
African communalism and public health policies: the relevance ofindigenous concepts of personal identity to HIV/AIDS policies in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kipton Jensen --- Department of Philosophy and Religion, United States JosephBR Gaie --- Department of Religious Studies, Theology and Philosophy, BotswanaThis article explores the possible relevance of African communalism to HIV/AIDS policies in Botswana and other parts of sub-Saharan Africa. We examine various interpretations of African communalism, which many consider to be the cardinal insight of African thought. We suggest... -
Clinics and home-based care organisations: an interface between theformal and informal health sectors
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Adam Kenneth Boros --- , South AfricaThe article outlines the findings of a study designed to explore the working relationship between home-based caregivers and clinic nurses at locations in two informal settlements in Johannesburg, South Africa. By considering the views and experiences of both sponsored and... -
Rumours about blood and reimbursements in a microbicide gel trial
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jonathan Stadler --- , South Africa Eirik Saethre --- Department of Anthropology, United StatesA rumour that emerged during a microbicide gel trial tells the tale of clinic staff purchasing trial participants’ blood. This paper documents the rumour and explores its divergent interpretations and meanings in relation to the context of the trial and... -
The effects of gender and socioeconomic status on youth sexual-risknorms: evidence from a poor urban community in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Michael Rogan --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Michaela Hynie --- Department of Psychology, Canada Marisa Casale --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Stephanie Nixon --- Department of Physical Therapy, Canada Sarah Flicker --- Faculty of Environment Studies, Canada Geoff Jobson --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Suraya Dawad --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaHIV and AIDS remains one of the most serious problems facing youths in many sub-Saharan African countries. Among young people in South Africa, gender is linked with a number of HIV-risk behaviours and outcomes. The literature suggests that factors such... -
Christian identity and men's attitudes to antiretroviral therapy in Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anthony Simpson --- School of Social Sciences, United KingdomIncreasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), especially in urban areas in Zambia, has transformed the landscape of the HIV epidemic to include hope. Drawing upon long-term ethnographic research, this article briefly describes the religious ideas of a cohort of former... -
Christian theology of life, death and healing in an era of antiretroviraltherapy: reflections on the responses of some Botswana churches
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lovemore Togarasei --- Department of Theology and Religious Studies, BotswanaThis article discusses Christian understandings of life, death and healing in the context of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. The discussion is a response to the reactions of some Botswana Pentecostal and African Independent Churches to the availability of ARV therapy, as... -
Exploring the role of cognitive and structural forms of social capital in HIV/AIDS trends in the Kagera region of Tanzania – a grounded theory study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gasto Frumence --- Department of Development Studies, Tanzania Malin Eriksson --- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sweden Lennarth Nystrom --- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sweden Japhet Killewo --- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Tanzania Maria Emmelin --- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, SwedenThe article presents a synthesis of data from three village case studies focusing on how structural and cognitive social capital may have influenced the progression of the HIV epidemic in the Kagera region of Tanzania. Grounded theory was used to... -
Bereavement among South African adolescents following a sibling's death from AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Craig Demmer --- , United States Nina RothschildWhile increasing attention has been paid in recent years to studying the impact of parental death from AIDS on children, we know little about how a sibling's death from AIDS affects children. In this qualitative descriptive study, 11 in-depth interviews... -
Delays in presenting for tuberculosis treatment associated with fear of learning one is HIV-positive
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Valerie Møller --- , South Africa Ida Erstad --- , South Africa JaneM Cramm --- , The Netherlands AnnaP Nieboer --- , The Netherlands Harry Finkenflügel --- , The Netherlands Sarah Radloff --- Department of Statistics, South Africa Tinashe Ndoro --- Department of Psychology, South Africa StellaA Kwizera --- Department of Sociology, South AfricaA cornerstone of tuberculosis (TB) control is early diagnosis and treatment. The first hurdle that prospective TB patients must overcome is to present at a public health clinic for treatment. The Global Plan to Stop TB addresses the new challenges... -
Masculinity and sexual practices in the military: a South African study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nyameka Mankayi --- , South Africa Anthony Vernon Naidoo --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaThe military's organisational culture tends to condone or encourage risk-taking behaviour. Willingness to accept and engage in risk-taking behaviour is central to good soldiering and is strongly associated with readiness for combat. This core attribute of military culture might predispose... -
Pre- and post-intervention assessment of a PMTCT-programme-strengthening initiative in a rural area of the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya --- , South Africa Karl Peltzer --- , South Africa Rendani Ladzani --- , South Africa Gladys Mlambo --- , South Africa Adlai Davids --- , South Africa Khanyisa Phaweni --- , South Africa Pelisa Dana --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Mandisa Ndabula --- , South AfricaThe research assesses prevention-of-mother-to-child-transmission-of-HIV (PMTCT) services following implementation of programme-strengthening activities in a municipality in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. A pre-intervention and post-intervention design was used to conduct facility assessments and client exit interviews at baseline and after... -
Correlates of sexual faithfulness among low-literate rural males in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: GebeyehuW Bogale --- Department of Psychology and Communication of Health and Risk, The Netherlands Henk Boer --- Department of Psychology and Communication of Health and Risk, The Netherlands Erwin Seydel --- Department of Psychology and Communication of Health and Risk, The NetherlandsHIV is a major threat to the people of the rural Amhara Region, northwest Ethiopia. To date, numerous studies have focused on condom use for HIV prevention. Using the theory of planned behaviour, this study investigates the psychosocial determinants of... -
Negotiating therapeutic citizenship and notions of masculinity in a South African village
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sakhumzi Mfecane --- Department of Anthropology and Sociology, South AfricaThe article explores the idea of therapeutic citizenship in relation to the experiences of men who attend support groups for people living with HIV or AIDS (PLHIV). At a rural South African health facility offering free antiretroviral (ARV) medicines, support... -
Understanding HIV-related posttraumatic stress disorder in South Africa: a review and conceptual framework
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Charles Young --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaA number of epidemiological studies have attempted to measure the prevalence of HIV-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review of the literature identified eight relevant studies that put current estimates of the prevalence of HIV-related PTSD... -
‘Keeping healthy in the backseat’: How motherhood interrupted HIV treatment in recently delivered women in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Opondo Awiti-Ujiji --- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Global Health, Sweden Anna Mia Ekström --- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Global Health, Sweden Festus Ilako --- , Kenya Dorcas Indalo --- , Kenya Abigael Lukhwaro --- , Kenya David Wamalwa --- , Kenya Birgitta Rubenson --- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Global Health, SwedenAlthough there is a large body of literature related to the experiences of motherhood and aspects of the change that it brings about, how the experience of motherhood affects the healthcare of women with chronic illness is less documented. This... -
The role of ‘pimping’ in the mediation of transactional sex at a university campus in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: TsitsiB Masvawure --- , South AfricaThe article focuses on a very specific form of transactional sex that exists at a university campus in Zimbabwe, which students refer to as ‘pimping.’ Drawing extensively on the specific experiences of a male student pimp, the article demonstrates that,... -
The influence of antiretroviral treatment on willingness to test: a qualitative study in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Zipho Phakathi --- , South Africa Heidi Van Rooyen --- , South Africa Katherine Fritz --- , United States Linda Richter --- , South AfricaPrevious quantitative studies suggest a mutually reinforcing relationship between HIV counselling and testing (HCT) and antiretroviral treatment (ART). HCT is the entry into ART, and access to ART appears to increase HIV-testing uptake in settings with historically low uptake. Adopting... -
HIV/AIDS misconceptions may be associated with condom use among black South Africans: an exploratory analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: LauraM Bogart --- , United States Donald Skinner --- , South Africa LanceS Weinhardt --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, United States Laura Glasman --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, United States Cheryl Sitzler --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, United States Yoesrie Toefy --- , South Africa SethC Kalichman --- Department of Psychology, United StatesIn South Africa, approximately 20% of 15–49-year-olds are infected with HIV. Among black South Africans, high levels of HIV/AIDS misconceptions (e.g. HIV is manufactured by whites to reduce the black African population; AIDS is caused by supernatural forces or witchcraft)... -
Determinants of age at sexual debut and associated risks among South African youths
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Khangelani Zuma --- , South Africa Thembile Mzolo --- , South Africa Elias Makonko --- , South AfricaThe research uses data from a representative national survey to explore the determinants of age at sexual debut among South African youths in the age group 15–24 years. A random sample of 5 708 youths were interviewed and 92% responded... -
Extraction of non-timber forest products as a coping strategy for HIV/AIDS-afflicted rural households in south-eastern Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: MunyaradziJ Mutenje --- School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, South Africa GeraldF Ortmann --- School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, South Africa StuartRD Ferrer --- School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness, South AfricaThis article examines the role of the extraction of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) as a coping strategy in response to HIV/AIDS-related economic shocks among rural households in the semi-arid Sengwe communal lands in south-eastern Zimbabwe. Using panel data for 200... -
The new female condom (FC2) in Uganda: perceptions and experiences of users and their sexual partners
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: RhodaK Wanyenze --- , Uganda Lynn Atuyambe --- , Uganda Vista Kibirige --- , Uganda Sarah Mbabazi --- , Uganda NazariusM Tumwesigye --- , Uganda Kara Djurhuus --- , Uganda Alice Namale --- , UgandaThe new version of the female condom (FC2) was introduced in Uganda in October 2009, following an unsuccessful female condom programme begun in 1998. The failure of the earlier programme was partly attributed to low acceptance of the first type... -
Sexual-risk behaviour among sexually active first-year students at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Melissa D Abels --- Department of Statistics, South Africa Renette J Blignaut --- Department of Statistics, South AfricaIn South Africa, new HIV infections are concentrated among persons aged 15–24 years. The university population falls within this age group and are prone to higher-risk behaviours that place them at risk of acquiring HIV. In a study to assess... -
Correlates of highly active antiretroviral therapy adherence among urban Ethiopian clients
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Hibret Alemu --- School of Public Health, Ethiopia Damen Haile Mariam --- School of Public Health, Ethiopia AmyO Tsui --- , United States Aster Shewamare --- , EthiopiaThere has been a massive expansion of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) services in Ethiopia since 2005. To assess clients’ self-reported adherence to HAART medication, a descriptive, comparative cross-sectional study was carried out among adults receiving HAART medication at the... -
Kenyan pastors’ perspectives on communicating about sexual behaviour and HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ann Neville Miller --- , United States MaryN Kizito --- , United States Jesica Kinya Mwithia --- , United States Lucy Njoroge --- , United States Kyalo wa Ngula --- , United States Kristin Davis --- , United StatesThe article presents an analysis of in-depth interviews with 18 leaders of Christian churches in Nairobi, Kenya, regarding the content and context of messages they disseminate to their congregations about sexual behaviour and HIV. The content of messages was nearly... -
The rise and fall of HIV prevalence in Zimbabwe: the social, political and economic context
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Stephen O'Brien --- School of Social Science, Australia Alex Broom --- School of Social Science, AustraliaFor more than 10 years Zimbabwe has experienced social, political and economic instability, including the near collapse in 2008 of its health system. Paradoxically, this period has also seen a fall in estimated HIV prevalence, from 25.6% in 1996 to... -
HIV prevention in the world of work in sub-Saharan Africa: research and practice*
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gavin George --- Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Courtenay Sprague --- Graduate School of Business Administration, South Africa -
Employment discrimination and HIV stigma: survey results from civil society organisations and people living with HIV in Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Laurel Sprague --- Department of Political Science, United States Sara Simon --- , Belgium Courtenay Sprague --- Graduate School of Business Administration, South AfricaThe article presents findings from three surveys of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and civil society organisations about the experience of employment discrimination and stigma in the workplace. The work seeks to contribute to efforts by businesses and other organisations... -
‘The epidemic in this country has the face of a woman’1: Gender and HIV/AIDS in South Africa2
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Leah Gilbert --- Department of Sociology, South Africa Terry-Ann SelikowEpidemiological data clearly show that the highest levels of HIV prevalence occur in sub-Saharan Africa. Less visible, however, is the complex combination of forces that fuel HIV epidemics in this region — these have been dubbed 'the lethal cocktail.' It... -
Myths, science and stories: working with peer educators to counter HIV/AIDS myths
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: David Dickinson --- Department of Sociology, South AfricaThe failure to bring about widespread or effective behavioural change in response to South Africa's HIV epidemic requires that new forms of health communication be explored. This article reports on an action research project in which a group of workplace... -
Patterns of disclosure and antiretroviral treatment adherence in a South African mining workplace programme and implications for HIV prevention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anil Bhagwanjee --- , South Africa Kaymarlin Govender --- , South Africa Olagoke Akintola --- , South Africa Inge Petersen --- , South Africa Gavin George --- , South Africa Leigh Johnstone --- , South Africa Kerisha Naidoo --- , South AfricaSocial and psychological barriers to the disclosure of one's seropositive HIV status to significant others and poor adherence to taking medications pose significant challenges to the scaling-up of access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in the workplace. Such barriers are predictive... -
Does accessibility to antiretroviral care improve after down-referral of patients from hospitals to health centres in rural South Africa?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mosa Moshabela --- , Helen Schneider --- , South Africa SusanM Cleary --- Health Economics Unit, South Africa PaulM Pronyk --- , John Eyles --- School of Geography and Earth Sciences, CanadaWe conducted an evaluation of healthcare accessibility among patients taking antiretroviral treatment (ART) after they were ‘down-referred’ from hospital-based programmes to primary healthcare (PHC) centres in a rural South African setting. A cross-sectional design was used to study 109 PHC... -
Factors associated with HIV infection among sexually experienced adolescents in Africa: a pooled data analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Stella Babalola --- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United StatesThe article examines the factors associated with HIV status among adolescents aged 15–19 years in 13 African countries: Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Malawi, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The data were... -
Piloting antiretroviral treatment in South Africa: the role of partnerships in the Western Cape's provincial roll-out
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rebecca Hodes --- AIDS and Society Research Unit, South Africa Trude Holm Naimak --- , NorwayIn 1999, the government of the Western Cape Province, South Africa, entered into a partnership with Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) to provide HIV treatment through public health clinics in the peri-urban settlement of Khayelitsha. From 2000 onwards, this partnership ran... -
The ethical and legal regulation of HIV-vaccine research in Africa: lessons from Cameroon, Malawi, Nigeria, Rwanda and Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Pamela Andanda --- , South Africa Paschal Awah --- , United States Paul Ndebele --- , Botswana Olanrewaju Onigbogi --- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, Nigeria Daniel Udatinya --- , Rwanda Malala Mwondela --- , ZambiaEthical and legal frameworks are important for ensuring that the goals of scientific research are realised while at the same time the rights and welfare of human participants are adequately protected. A balance in attaining these two goals can be... -
Obstacles to creating an environment conducive to HIV prevention for young people
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Roselyn Nm Kareithi --- Adolescent Health Research Unit, South Africa Crick Lund --- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Centre for Public Mental Health, South AfricaThe external environment of an organisation influences the desired goals and interventions of that organisation in many ways. However, strategies for influencing the external context to create a more enabling environment for the interventions of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are often... -
Health-promoting practices and the factors associated with self-reported poor health in caregivers of children orphaned by AIDS in southwest Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rhoda Suubi Muliira --- , Oman Joshua Kanaabi Muliira --- , OmanInformal caregivers worldwide are faced with the dilemma of maintaining their health and meeting the caregiving demands of their loved ones. This study explores the health outcomes of caregiving, caregivers’ health-promoting practices and the challenges to providing care among caregivers... -
Adolescents’ perceptions of sexual coercion in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ruth Birungi --- , Uganda Dennis Nabembezi --- , Uganda Julius Kiwanuka --- , Uganda Michele Ybarra --- , United States Sheana Bull --- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, United StatesIn Uganda, HIV prevalence remains high with young people at higher risk of infection than adults. Much is known about the sexual risk factors for HIV transmission among youths, including sexual encounters that are coerced. On the other hand, relatively... -
Effect of health education on oral hygiene and gingival status of persons living with HIV attending comprehensive care centres in Nairobi, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: LoiceW Gathece --- Department of Periodontology, Community and Preventive Dentistry, Kenya JosephK Wang'ombe --- Department of Community Health, Kenya PeterM Ng'ang'a --- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Kenya PeterN Wanzala --- , KenyaThe study aimed to describe the effect of an oral health education intervention on oral hygiene status and gingival inflammation among persons with HIV attending two comprehensive healthcare centres in Nairobi, Kenya. This was a quasi-experimental study of 195 participants... -
The ‘Fish Trader+’ model: reducing female fish traders’ vulnerability to HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: SaskiaMC Hüsken --- , Zambia Simon Heck --- , ZambiaAnalysis from research and practice in Africa shows that fishing communities are hardly reached by HIV-related services, education, and business services, partly because of the efforts and costs involved and a lack of good practice in reaching out to these... -
The ethics of HIV research with people who inject drugs in Africa: a desk review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nicole Mamotte --- School of Psychology, Ethics, Law, and Human Rights Collaborating Centre of the African AIDS Vaccine Programme (AAVP ELH), South AfricaInjecting drug use is a growing problem in Africa and a growing risk factor for contracting HIV in the region. It is imperative that HIV research includes injecting drug users so that they too are able to benefit from safe... -
Qualitative study of the influence of antidepressants on the psychological health of patients on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: ElialiliaS Okello --- Department of Psychiatry, Uganda VictoriaK Ngo --- , United States Gerry Ryan --- , United States Seggane Musisi --- Department of Psychiatry, Uganda Dickens Akena --- Department of Psychiatry, Uganda Noeline Nakasujja --- Department of Psychiatry, Uganda Glenn Wagner --- , United StatesThe study set out to explore how HIV-positive individuals conceptualise and describe depression and its manifestation in their lives, and how this may change over time in the context of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and antidepressant treatment. We conducted in-depth interviews... -
Barriers to initiating antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy: a qualitative study of women attending services in Cape Town, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kathryn Stinson --- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, South Africa Landon Myer --- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, South AfricaDespite the rapid expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes, uptake of ART in pregnancy remains suboptimal. Little is known about the barriers to initiating lifelong ART in pregnancy and the challenges to postpartum retention in HIV care, particularly in sub-Saharan... -
Transactional sex in the fishing communities along Lake Victoria, Kenya: a catalyst for the spread of HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: ZacharyA Kwena --- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Elizabeth Bukusi --- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Enos Omondi --- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Musa Ng'ayo --- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya KingK Holmes --- Department of Global Health, United StatesThe study describes the nature, context and implications of a unique form of transactional sexual relationships in the fishing communities along Lake Victoria in Kisumu County, Kenya. We conducted 12 focus group discussions and 17 key informant interviews among fishermen,... -
Housing conditions of home-based care patients in Botswana and the implications for HIV care
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lily Clara Fidzani --- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, Botswana KesitegileSM Gobotswang --- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, BotswanaPeople living with HIV or with a terminal disease face frequent health risks due to opportunistic infections which affect their way of life and dramatically increase their risk of death. Increasingly, terminally ill patients in Botswana are cared for at... -
Evaluating adverse drug reactions among HAART patients in a resource-constrained province of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Viloshini Krishna Manickum --- School of Health Sciences, South Africa Fatima Suleman --- School of Health Sciences, South AfricaThe high prevalence of HIV in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa, has greatly increased the demand for antiretroviral therapy (ART), resulting in an exponential increase in the number of patients initiated on highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). However, little information about... -
Analysis of factors associated with failure to return for an HIV-test result in The Gambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Catherine Sesay --- Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Science, The Gambia Li-Yin Chien --- , TaiwanKnowing one's HIV status is fundamental to the prevention and treatment of HIV and AIDS. However, HIV prevention is defeated if individuals who opt to be tested fail to return for their test result. Despite the burden of HIV and... -
Perceptions of HIV, AIDS and tuberculosis among patients on antiretroviral therapy in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe: implications for the provision of HIV and TB care services
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Alexander Rödlach --- Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Social Work, United States RiittaA Dlodlo --- , France ZaneleE Hwalima --- Health Services Department, ZimbabweThe objectives of the research were to explore perceptions of HIV, AIDS and tuberculosis (TB) among individuals enrolled in antiretroviral therapy (ART) at two municipal clinics in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, and to assess the implications of these perceptions on the provision... -
AIDS fatigue and university students’ talk about HIV risk
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tamara Shefer --- Women's and Gender Studies, South Africa Anna Strebel --- Women's and Gender Studies, South Africa Joachim Jacobs --- HIV/AIDS Programme, South AfricaDrawing on a qualitative study that included 20 focus group discussions with male and female students at an urban-based university in South Africa, this article reports on perceptions, attitudes and reported behaviour with respect to HIV and AIDS and safer... -
Resilience through participation and coping-enabling social environments: the case of HIV-affected children in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Morten Skovdal --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Norway Marguerite Daniel --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, NorwayMany children and youths living in low-resource and high-HIV-prevalence communities in sub-Saharan Africa are presented with daily hardships that few of us can even imagine. It is therefore no surprise that most research reporting on the experiences of HIV-affected children... -
Youths navigating social networks and social support systems in settings of chronic crisis: the case of youth-headed households in Rwanda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Laura May Lee --- Interdisciplinary Graduate Studies Program, Green College, CanadaYouth-headed households in Rwanda live in a context of chronic crisis, where poverty, disease and uncertainty are not exceptional but characterise people's daily lived reality. Struggling under the pressures of economic deprivation, social isolation, abuse and exploitation, these youths experience... -
Safeguarding inheritance and enhancing the resilience of orphaned young people living in child- and youth-headed households in Tanzania and Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ruth Evans --- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, United KingdomThis article explores the resilience of orphaned young people in safeguarding physical assets (land and property) inherited from their parents and sustaining their households without a co-resident adult relative. Drawing on the concept of resilience and the sustainable livelihoods framework,... -
Children's caregiving of HIV-infected parents accessing treatment in western Kenya: challenges and coping strategies
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Louise Buhl Andersen --- London School of Economics and Political Science, United KingdomThis article describes qualitative research carried out in rural western Kenya in a setting characterised by poverty and high HIV prevalence. It discusses the responsibilities and challenges that children face when becoming the primary caregiver to an HIV-infected parent enrolled... -
The use of rites of passage in strengthening the psychosocial wellbeing of orphaned children in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Masego Thamuku --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Norway Marguerite Daniel --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, NorwayChildren who have been bereaved in the context of AIDS may experience many challenges to their psychosocial wellbeing. Programmes to help orphaned children are usually anchored in child rights. As the individual focus of rights-based approaches is inept in African... -
‘Read me to resilience’: Exploring the use of cultural stories to boost the positive adjustment of children orphaned by AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lesley Wood --- Faculty of Education Sciences, South Africa Linda Theron --- Faculty of Humanities, South Africa Nokhanyo Mayaba --- Faculty of Education, South AfricaThe study explored whether and how culturally sensitive stories can encourage resilience in young children orphaned by AIDS. The purpose of the investigation was allied to the paradigm of positive psychology, which focuses on the promotion of potential strengths to... -
Coping with hardship through friendship: the importance of peer social capital among children affected by HIV in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Morten Skovdal --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Norway Vincent Onyango Ogutu --- , KenyaChildren living in households affected by HIV face numerous challenges as they take on significant household-sustaining and caregiving roles, often in conditions of poverty. To respond to their hardships, we must identify and understand the support systems they are already... -
How disclosure and antiretroviral therapy help HIV-infected adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa cope with stigma
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Vivian Midtbø --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Norway Violeth Shirima --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Norway Morten Skovdal --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Norway Marguerite Daniel --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, NorwayHIV-related stigma has a major impact on the health and psychosocial wellbeing of HIV-infected children and youths. While there is some debate about the extent to which improved access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) contributes to a reduction in HIV stigma,... -
Poverty, sexual behaviour, gender and HIV infection among young black men and women in Cape Town, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nicoli Nattrass --- Centre for Social Science Research (CSSR), South Africa Brendan Maughan-Brown --- Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, South Africa Jeremy Seekings --- Centre for Social Science Research (CSSR), South Africa Alan Whiteside --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaThis article contributes methodologically and substantively to the debate over the importance of poverty, sexual behaviour and circumcision in relation to HIV infection, using panel data on young black men and women in Cape Town, South Africa. Methodological challenges included... -
Poor-quality health services and lack of programme support leads to low uptake of HIV testing in rural Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: CarolynM Audet --- Department of Preventive Medicine, United States Kate Groh --- Department of Medicine, United States TroyD Moon --- Department of Pediatrics, United States StenH Vermund --- , United States Mohsin Sidat --- , MozambiqueMozambique has one of the world's highest burdens of HIV infection. Despite the increase in HIV-testing services throughout the country, the uptake has been low. To identify barriers to HIV testing we conducted a study in six rural districts in... -
Correlates of HIV-status awareness among adults in Nairobi slum areas
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Remare Renner Ettarh --- , Kenya James Kimani --- , Kenya Catherine Kyobutungi --- , Kenya Frederick Wekesah --- , KenyaThe prevalence of HIV in the adult population in slum areas in Nairobi, Kenya, is higher than for residents in the city as a whole. This disparity suggests that the characteristics of slum areas may adversely influence the HIV-prevention strategies... -
Perceptions of educators of Deaf and hard-of-hearing adolescents of HIV-risk factors for these youths
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sumaya Mall --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Leslie Swartz --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaLike the general population in South Africa, adolescents with deafness or who are hard-of-hearing may be vulnerable to HIV infection. They are exposed to all known risk factors for HIV infection. Educators who work in schools for Deaf (meaning culturally... -
An exploratory study of the individual determinants of students’ sexual risk behaviour at a South African university
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Given Mutinta --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Kaymarlin Govender --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Jeff Gow --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Gavin George --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaThe prevalence of sexual risk behaviour is high on campuses at South African universities, putting many students at risk of HIV infection. This study explores individual influences on students’ sexual risk-taking behaviour at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. The study collected... -
Nutritional care and support among adults living with HIV at Hawassa Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia: A qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Zelalem Tafese --- Hawassa College of Health Science, Ethiopia Yifru Birhan --- Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethiopia Hiwot Abebe --- Hawassa University, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Ethiopia -
Inequalities in access to healthcare services among people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Adeniyi Olaleye --- Economics Department, Nigeria Fidelis Ogwumike --- Economics Department, Nigeria Olanrewaju Olaniyan --- Economics Department, NigeriaThe study investigated the magnitude of social inequities in access to subsidised healthcare services among people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) in Nigeria. Structured interviews were conducted with 1 056 PLWHA selected from 60 community based support groups in... -
Myths or theories? Alternative beliefs about HIV and AIDS in South African working class communities
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: David Dickinson --- Department of Sociology, South AfricaDespite three decades of public health promotion based on the scientific explanation of HIV/AIDS, alternative explanations of the disease continue to circulate. While these are seen as counter-productive to health education efforts, what is rarely analysed is their plurality and... -
The impact of church contextual factors on church-going youth's HIV prevention behaviour in Nairobi, Kenya: A cross-denominational study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ann Neville Miller --- University of Central Florida, USA Kyalo Wa Ngula --- Africa Nazarene University, KenyaChurch doctrine about sexual behaviour has long been assumed to have an impact on aspects of the sub-Saharan AIDS epidemic, and evidence suggests that Pentecostal churches have a stronger influence THAN? on the sexual behaviour of their adherents. However, few... -
Acceptability of routine HIV counselling and testing among a sample of South African students: Testing the Health Belief Model
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jani Nöthling --- Department of Psychiatry, South Africa Ashraf Kagee --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaRoutine HIV counseling and testing (RCT) is a necessary first step in accessing health care for persons who may test HIV-positive. Despite the availability of RCT in many South African settings, uptake has often been low. We sought to determine... -
Have the educated changed HIV risk behaviours more in Africa?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elizabeth Gummerson --- Centre for Social Science Research, Leslie Social Sciences Building, South AfricaTheory predicts that when new health information becomes available, more educated individuals may adopt healthy behaviours sooner, resulting in lower morbidity and mortality among the highly educated. This may be the case for HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: Recent empirical work... -
The impact of the declining extended family support system on the education of orphans in Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Pius T Tanga --- Department of Social Work/Social Development, South AfricaThis paper examines the impact of the weakening of the extended family on the education of double orphans in Lesotho through in-depth interviews with participants from 3 of the 10 districts in Lesotho. The findings reveal that in Lesotho the... -
HIV testing is associated with increased knowledge and reductions in sexual risk behaviours among men in Cape Town, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lori AJ Scott-Sheldon --- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, USA Michael P Carey --- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, USA Kate B Carey --- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, USA Demetria Cain --- Department of Psychology, USA Leickness C Simbayi --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Vuyelwa Mehlomakhulu --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Seth C Kalichman --- Department of Psychology, USAHIV testing benefits those who test positive, allowing them to receive treatment, but the benefits for those who test negative remain controversial. We evaluated the impact of testing on HIV knowledge and sexual risk among men in South Africa. Men... -
HIV/AIDS patient satisfaction with a food assistance programme in Sofala province, Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mariana Posse --- Faculty of Economics and Management, Mozambique Rob Baltussen --- Department of Primary and Community Care, The NetherlandsFood insecurity is one of the main factors affecting access and adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in middle- and low-income countries. To mitigate this problem, food assistance interventions are being integrated in ART programmes. As evidence of effectiveness of these... -
Migration status, reproductive health knowledge and sexual behaviour among female out-of-school adolescents in Iwaya community, Lagos, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Michael ON Kunnuji --- Department of Sociology, Nigeria Samual Adejoh --- Department of Sociology, Nigeria Uwemedimo Esiet --- Action Health Incorporated (AHI), Nigeria Adenike Esiet --- Action Health Incorporated (AHI), NigeriaReproductive health is an essential aspect of the wellbeing of adolescents. Therefore reproductive health knowledge and sexual behaviour deservedly attract the attention of researchers, programme planners and policy implementers working with young people. Yet in Nigeria, little is known about... -
Support groups for HIV-positive people in South Africa: Who joins, who does not, and why?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Wenche Dageid --- Department of Psychology, NorwayPsychosocial health care for persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is inadequate. Support groups for PLWHA could offer arenas where psychosocial issues are addressed, yet more knowledge is needed about those who join and those who do not join such groups... -
‘Something for something’: The importance of talking about transactional sex with youth in South Africa using a resilience-based approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ingrid van der Heijden --- Gender and Health Research Unit, South Africa Sharlene Swartz --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaTransactional sex is a common feature of sexual relationships in South Africa but has severe health implications for those who engage in it. This paper presents perspectives on transactional sex based on interviews and focus group discussions with young people... -
Stigma and HIV disclosure in the Cape Metropolitan area, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ceridwyn Klopper --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Ethelwynn Stellenberg --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Anita van der Merwe --- Stellenbosch University, South AfricaDisclosure rates of HIV-positive status remain low and are considered to be related to stigmatisation. Determining the factors that influence a person's decision to disclose a positive status is essential to understanding the process of and ways to improve disclosure... -
Patient and provider perspectives on improving the linkage of HIV-positive pregnant women to long-term HIV care and treatment in eastern Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Haneefa Saleem --- Department of International Health, USA Robert Kyeyagalire --- Nuffield Department of Population Health, United Kingdom Sarah Smith Lunsford --- EnCompass, LLC, USADespite strong evidence that antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and improves the health of HIV-positive mothers, many HIV-positive pregnant women do not enrol into long-term HIV care and treatment. This study examined barriers and... -
Correlates of sexual activity versus non-activity of incoming first-year students at a South African university
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Renette J Blignaut --- Department of Statistics and Population Studies, Tania Vergnani --- Department of Statistics and Population Studies, Joachim J Jacobs --- Department of Statistics and Population Studies,In order to contribute to the design of more effective programmes to curb the spread of HIV at tertiary institutions, this study compares the profile of students who are sexually active versus those who are not yet sexually active when... -
Is the absolute requirement for informed consent before HIV testing a barrier to public health? A case report and management challenges
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: David Ameh --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Uchendu O Uchendu --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Oyedeji A Adeyemi --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Readon C Ideh --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Bernard E Ebruke --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Grant Mackenzie --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Stephen Howie --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Tumani Corrah --- Medical Research Council Unit, The GambiaClinicians in sub-Saharan Africa are faced with a major challenge of parental refusal to test their children for HIV. We present a case of a nine-month-old child with a clinical presentation suggestive of HIV infection whose mother persistently declined HIV... -
The development of a GIS atlas of southern African freshwater fish
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: LEP Scott PH Skelton AJ Booth L VerheustA geographic information systems (GIS) based atlas of southern African freshwater fish has been developed for the SADC countries. The JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology, in collaboration with ALCOM, has developed a database of freshwater fish for this region from... -
Recommendations for the collection, preparation and enumeration of diatoms from riverine habitats for water quality monitoring in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: JonathanC Taylor P Arno de la Rey Leon van RensburgDiatoms have become important organisms for monitoring freshwaters and their value has been recognised for cross-border water quality monitoring in the European Union. If South Africa is to include diatoms in the current suite of bioindicators, then thorough testing of... -
Long-term population effect of male circumcision in generalised HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Michel GarenneThis paper examines the complex relationship between male circumcision and HIV prevalence and incidence in sub-Saharan African countries that have generalised epidemics. In South Africa, the mean yearly HIV incidence and an estimate of the net reproduction rate of the... -
Junior-headed households as a possible strategy for coping with the growing orphan crisis in northern Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jan Kuhanen Riikka Shemeikka Veijo Notkola Margareth NghixulifwaThis paper reports research concerning junior-headed households among Oshiwambo speakers in north-central Namibia. Based on field interviews with randomly sampled junior heads of households and selected key informants, we outline some features common to the junior-headed households and the ways... -
Uptake of voluntary counselling and testing for HIV by pregnant women in a prevention-of-mother-to-child-transmission programme at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: HadizaS Galadanci Zubairu Iliyasu Jamilu Tukur Mariya Muktar-Yola SolomonI AdelekeMother-to-child transmission is the main mode of HIV infection among children in developing countries. In 2003, as a result of government policy, a prevention-of-mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) programme was introduced at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. The aim of this study... -
Cognitive dissonance as an explanation of the genesis, evolution and persistence of Thabo Mbeki's HIV denialism
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Chris KenyonThe ongoing damage that the newer forms of HIV denialism are visiting upon our country is evidenced by the recent firing of Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge, the South African Deputy Minister of Health. It is widely believed that the underlying reason for... -
Reasons for multiple sexual partnerships: perspectives of young people in Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Chama Nshindano Pranitha MaharajEpidemiological evidence so far suggests that multiple sexual partnerships are an important factor driving the HIV epidemic. Recently, there has been renewed emphasis on fidelity and partner-reduction in preventing HIV infections. Like many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Zambia is facing... -
The role of pregnancy intention in HIV prevention in South Africa: a proposed model for policy and practice
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: MarjorieR Sable KayM Libbus Debra Jackson Harry HauslerMother-to-child transmission is a continuing source of new HIV infections in South Africa. The paper posits that insight into the socio-cultural, behavioural, environmental and economic factors that sustain the HIV epidemic is as important as understanding the biological causes of... -
HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis trials: socio-economic and ethical perspectives for sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mpho SelemogoThe advent of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as a HIV-prevention strategy has received optimistic support among HIV researchers. However, discourse on PrEP trials has tended to be dominated by the disputes arising between some activist groups and researchers about the... -
Clinical waste management in the context of the Kanye community home-based care programme, Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: SimonM Kang'etheThis study examines clinical waste disposal and handling in the context of a community home-based care (CHBC) programme in Kanye, southern Botswana. This qualitative study involved 10 focus group discussions with a total of 82 HIV/AIDS primary caregivers in Kanye,... -
Health-related quality of life in a sample of HIV-infected South Africans
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Karl Peltzer Nancy Phaswana-MafuyaThe study aims to assess the health-related quality of life and HIV symptoms of a sample of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in South Africa. The sample included 607 PLHIV from all districts of the Eastern Cape Province, recruited either... -
Habitual physical activity levels are positively correlated with CD4 counts in an HIV-positive South African population
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kirsten Kinsey Joanne McVeigh Ingrid ChantlerIn order to assess the relationship between CD4 cell count, habitual physical activity levels and functional independence in a South African adult population positive for HIV, we administered a questionnaire concerning lifestyle and physical activity. Data collection took place at... -
Migration, access to ART, and survivalist livelihood strategies in Johannesburg
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Joanna VeareySince the end of apartheid, patterns of migration into South Africa have shifted, and South Africa has become a destination for people from across the African continent and beyond — a small but important number of whom are refugees and... -
Wellness programme and health policy development at a large faith-based organisation in Khayelitsha, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: ElizabethD ArendThis paper presents a case study of wellness programme and health policy development based on an HIV/AIDS organisation's Khayelitsha site in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. The study examines the different challenges that the organisation faces in relation to... -
Workplace peer educators and stress
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: David Dickinson Kabelo Duncan KgateaPeer educators form an important component of company responses to HIV and AIDS. Based on interviews with peer educators working in and around a mining company in South Africa's North-West Province, the study examines the relationship between involvement in peer... -
HIV epidemiology and trends in a large national manufacturing company in South Africa, 2001–2006
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Clive EvianThis paper presents epidemiological data from ongoing HIV-prevalence surveillance in a large South African manufacturing company located in various provinces, as well as one location in Swaziland. A survey of the workforce in 12 of the manufacturer's business units (BUs)... -
Assessment of HIV-positive in-patients using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Hellen Myezwa Aimee Stewart Eustasius Musenge Paul NesaraThe International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) short-version checklist was used to assess the impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions experienced by a sample of HIV-positive in-patients admitted to Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa. Laboratory... -
The phenomenology of bodily care: caregivers' experiences with AIDS patients before antiretroviral therapies in Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: MokhantšoG MakoaeThis study provides an account of caregivers' experiences with the bodily care of AIDS patients before antiretroviral therapies were available in the public health sector in Lesotho. It describes the mechanisms through which the body may become a stressor in... -
HIV behavioural surveillance among refugees and surrounding host communities in Uganda, 2006
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kathleen McDavid Harrison Johanna Claass PaulB Spiegel Judith Bamuturaki Njogu Patterson Michael Muyonga Lillian TatwebwaWe used a standardised behavioural surveillance survey (BSS), modified to be directly relevant to populations in conflict and post-conflict settings as well as to their surrounding host populations, to survey the populations of a refugee settlement in south-western Uganda and... -
Sex differentials in the use of centres for voluntary counselling and testing for HIV in Cameroon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Emmanuel Ngwakongnwi Hude QuanPart of the strategic response to HIV in Cameroon, West Africa, has been the institutionalisation of voluntary testing and counselling (VCT) for HIV services across the country. The study addresses the general level of awareness and use of VCT centres... -
Couples' communication on sexual and relational issues among the Akamba in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ann Neville Miller Lenette Golding Kyalo wa Ngula MaryAnne Wambua Evans Mutua MaryN Kitizo Caroline Teti Nancy Booker Kinya Mwithia DonaldL RubinA large portion of HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa occurs among married couples, yet the majority of research on safer-sex communication has focused on communication between couples in casual relationships. This paper explores how committed Kamba couples in Machakos District,... -
Facilitating health-enabling social contexts for youth: qualitative evaluation of a family-based HIV-prevention pilot programme
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Zubeda Paruk Inge Petersen Arvin BhanaThis paper reports on a post-intervention qualitative evaluation of the pilot intervention of the AmaQhawe Family Project, in South Africa, which is a cartoon-based, manualised intervention delivered to multiple family groups over 10 sessions, aimed at preventing HIV in adolescents... -
'Not only a teacher, but an ambassador': Facilitating HIV/AIDS educators to take action
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: LesleyA WoodThis article describes how South African educators were facilitated to adopt the role of HIV/AIDS 'ambassadors' within their circles of influence by participating in a two-year course for an Advanced Certificate in Education for HIV/AIDS in Teaching (ACE-HAT) qualification. It... -
Readiness of youth in rural Ethiopia to seek health services for sexually transmitted infections
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mitike Molla --- Centre for International Health, Norway Maria Emmelin --- Epidemiology and Public Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sweden Yemane Berhane --- , Ethiopia Bernt Lindtjørn --- Centre for International Health, NorwayStudies pertaining to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among rural young adults in Ethiopia are limited. This study provides information on knowledge about common STIs, and the perceptions, preferences and use of health services for STIs, among youths and healthcare providers... -
Gender differences in intention to remain a virgin until marriage among school pupils in rural northern Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Bernard Njau --- Community Health Department, Tanzania Sabina Mtweve --- Community Health Department, Tanzania Rachel Manongi --- Community Health Department, Tanzania Hector Jalipa --- , MozambiqueAbstinence is often promoted in HIV-prevention programmes for adolescents, but little is known about the factors that influence adolescents' intentions to abstain from sex until marriage. This study was conducted in ten districts in the Kilimanjaro, Arusha, and Manyara regions... -
How does AIDS illness affect women's residential decisions? Findings from an ethnographic study in a Cape Town township
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rachel Bray --- Centre for Social Science Research and Department of Social Anthropology, South AfricaThis paper explores the nature and consequences of residential decision-making for women on treatment for AIDS illness in a poor urban settlement in South Africa. Drawing on ethnographic data collected over a two-year period, it points to the subtle shifts... -
Fostering children affected by AIDS in Richards Bay, South Africa: a qualitative study of grandparents' experiences
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Evalyne Nyasani --- , United Kingdom Erna Sterberg --- , South Africa Helen Smith --- , United KingdomGrandparents are increasingly becoming the primary carers of children orphaned by the HIV epidemic in South Africa. Traditional family roles are being reversed as aging family members take responsibility for the physical and psychosocial needs of children. This study uses... -
A model for understanding the relationship between stigma and healthcare-seeking behaviour among people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: NgoziC Mbonu --- Department of Health Promotion, The School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, The Netherlands Bart Van den Borne --- Department of Health Promotion, The School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, The Netherlands NanneK De Vries --- Department of Health Promotion, The School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, The NetherlandsPeople living with HIV or AIDS (PLHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa sometimes have care-seeking behaviours that result in a suboptimal quality of life. This paper seeks to examine the role of stigma in the care-seeking behaviour of PLHIV. We hypothesise that... -
Exposure to information and communication about HIV/AIDS and perceived credibility of information sources among young people in northern Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sheri Bastien --- Institute for Educational Research, Faculty of Education, Norway MelkizedekT Leshabari --- , Tanzania Knut-Inge Klepp --- Center for Prevention of Global Infections (GLOBINF), Faculty of Medicine, NorwayYoung people in sub-Saharan Africa constitute an important group for HIV prevention efforts. Determining their exposure to HIV/AIDS information and communication and their perceived credibility of information sources is imperative to the development of interventions. However, the majority of studies... -
A network-level explanation for the differences in HIV prevalence in South Africa's racial groups
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Chris Kenyon --- Department of Medicine, South Africa Sipho Dlamini --- Department of Medicine, South Africa Andrew Boulle --- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa RichardG White --- , United Kingdom Motasim Badri --- Department of Medicine, South AfricaAnalyses of individual-level risk factors have not been able to adequately explain why HIV has spread so extensively in southern Africa and why this has occurred especially within certain racial or ethnic groups. Using data from a longitudinal study of... -
HIV-prevention knowledge among illiterate and low-literate women in rural Amhara, Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: GebeyehuW Bogale --- , Ethiopia Henk Boer --- Department of Psychology and Communication of Health and Risk, The Netherlands ErwinR Seydel --- Department of Psychology and Communication of Health and Risk, The NetherlandsMore than 85% of Ethiopia's population lives in rural areas and literacy levels in the country are relatively low. Despite this, little is known about levels of knowledge in regard to HIV/AIDS and condom use among illiterate and low-literate rural... -
Recommendations for communication to enhance informed consent and enrolment at multilingual research sites
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Claire Penn --- Health Communication Project, School of Human and Community Development, South Africa Melanie Evans --- Health Communication Project, School of Human and Community Development, South AfricaLanguage issues can affect HIV and AIDS research trial enrolment, but little is understood about variables in this process. Some evidence indicates barriers exist even when the trial enrollers are linguistically and culturally matched to the participants and when consent... -
Exploring the relationship between HIV and alcohol use in a remote Namibian mining community
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elizabeth Lightfoot --- School of Social Work, United States Maretha Maree --- Department of Human Science, Namibia Janet Ananias --- Department of Human Science, NamibiaIn southern Africa, the use of alcohol is increasingly seen as creating a context of risk for HIV transmission. This qualitative study investigates the links between alcohol use and higher-risk sexual behaviours in a remote southern Namibian mining-town community. Using... -
Paediatric antiretroviral treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa: a review of published clinical studies
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mary-Ann Davies --- Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Matthias Egger --- , Switzerland Olivia Keiser --- , Switzerland Andrew Boulle --- Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South AfricaKnowledge of the experience and outcomes of current paediatric antiretroviral treatment (ART) programmes in sub-Saharan Africa can inform new programmes in the region as well as enhance existing ones. This is urgently needed to facilitate the scale-up of treatment, which... -
HIV/AIDS and family planning services integration: review of prospects for a comprehensive approach in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gisele Maynard-Tucker --- , United StatesIn most parts of the world, family planning and HIV-related services are usually offered separately. Family planning services, especially those that are government-supported, primarily serve married women and couples of reproductive age, while HIV-related services target individuals at higher-risk of... -
Introduction of culturally sensitive HIV prevention in the context of female initiation rites: an applied anthropological approach in Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sophie Kotanyi --- , Germany Brigitte Krings-Ney --- , MozambiqueIn Mozambique, initiation rites represent the most appropriate socio-cultural context for dealing with sexuality for a large part of the population. As the group most vulnerable to HIV exposure, HIV-prevention counselling could be ideally introduced to young women during initiation... -
Sexual networks and social capital: multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships as a rational response to unstable social networks
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Robert Thornton --- Department of Anthropology, South AfricaMultiple and concurrent sexual partnerships (MCP) are prevalent in southern Africa and have been identified as a primary cause of high HIV prevalence in this region. Sexual liaisons with multiple partners serve to increase the size and diversity of an... -
Home-based care for people living with AIDS in Zimbabwe: voluntary caregivers' motivations and concerns
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Alexander Rödlach --- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, United StatesSimilar to the healthcare systems of other resource-constrained countries with a high prevalence of HIV and AIDS, Zimbabwe's healthcare system encourages communities and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to support the public healthcare sector by initiating home-based care activities and training volunteers... -
The prevalence of HIV and AIDS and average demographic data in forestry contracting businesses in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: PM Basson JA Jonker JC SteenkampThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and subsequent acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) play an important role in the rural-based forestry industry in South Africa. HIV infection and AIDS are non-notifiable conditions with a serious effect on forestry contracting businesses due to... -
Insulin resistance induced by antiretroviral drugs: Current understanding of molecular mechanisms
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: WIW Ismail --- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, JA King --- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, TS Pillay --- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences,The increase in incidence of HIV infection continues to be a major public health problem across the world, but more especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved the prognosis of patients with AIDS, but... -
Mitochondrial dysfunction and human immunodeficiency virus infection
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: G Van der Watt --- Division of Chemical Pathology,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the pharmacological treatment thereof have both been shown to affect mitochondrial function in a number of tissues, and each may cause specific organ pathology through specific mitochondrial pathways. HIV has been shown to kill... -
Leiomyoma: a rare cause of adrenal incidentaloma
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: M Alteer --- Department of Medicine, Endocrine Division, BH Ascott-Evans --- Department of Medicine and Endocrine Division, M Conradie --- Department of Medicine and Endocrine Division,A 40-year-old, treatment-naïve, human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV) positive male was found to have a large right adrenal incidentaloma on ultrasound of the abdomen, which was confirmed on adrenal computed tomography imaging. The laboratory workup excluded functionality of the mass lesion... -
A placebo-controlled comparison of ketamine with pethidine for the prevention of postoperative shivering
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: AM Dar --- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, India SM Qazi --- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, India S Sidiq --- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, IndiaObjective: Postanaesthetic shivering is a recognised complication of general and regional anaesthesia. Pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods have been used to prevent shivering. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of ketamine when compared with pethidine and placebo for the... -
Human immunodeficiency virus and the airway
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: Analee Milner --- University of the Witwatersrand,Seventy-five to one hundred per cent of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have a head and neck manifestation. These manifestations may impact on anaesthetic management, but more importantly often allow the anaesthetist to diagnose the... -
Tramadol and postoperative shivering in patients undergoing open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: R Angral --- Department of Anaesthesia, India AA Wani --- Department of Anaesthesia, India BB Kapoor --- Department of Anaesthesia, IndiaBackground: For many years, shivering after anaesthesia has been recognised, and is one consequence of perioperative hypothermia. Shivering affects a number of physiological parameters. The aim of the study was to evaluate the severity of hypothermia after open and laparoscopic... -
Making Sense of Statistics for Family Practitioners: “What are ecological studies?”
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: D N Durrheim --- Anton Breinl Centre, Australia GA Ogunbanjo --- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, South Africa -
Telling a child he is HIV positive
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: C Pfaff --- Ngwelezane Hospital,Telling a child he is HIV positive can create a number of difficulties. An example is given of a consultation where an 8 year old HIV positive child accidentally learnt of his diagnosis, while his mother continually denied this result... -
Fitting the patient to the disease: Repeating Procrustes' mistake in a time of HIV infectionItem type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: DJ Griessei CJ Schoeman BD Henderson --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, -
Moederlike mortaliteitskoers in Potchefstroom Hospitaal, 2000–2002: hoe kan hierdie risiko's vir moeders verlaag word?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: WM Kruger --- Departement Obstetrie en Ginekologie, GB Theron --- Departement Obstetrie en Ginekologie, TF Kruger --- Departement Obstetrie en Ginekologie, -
HIV/AIDS prevention: The role of the general practitioner in sex education for adolescents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: J Kluge [AN0001] -
A review of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: T Kerry --- uMgungundlovu Health District,The IMCI approach ensures that a comprehensive and accurate assessment is made of a sick child using simple yet reliable clinical signs at the first contact level. Also doctors, especially those working in the public sector need to understand the... -
The clinical spectrum and cost implications of hospitalised HIV-infected children at Karl Bremer Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: CS Schoeman --- Intercare Walmer, MK Pather --- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Health Sciences,Background: HIV infection has become a common risk factor for hospital admission and a major contributor to childhood morbidity in South Africa. There remains a paucity of data describing the cost of hospitalisation of HIV-infected children in South Africa. The... -
Risk factors for anaemia in pregnancy in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Implication for health education and health promotion
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: M Hoque --- Empangeni Hospital, E Hoque --- Mangosuthu University of Technology, SB Kader --- Wentworth Hospital,Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem in developing countries. It is associated with an increased risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. A high rate of anaemia in pregnancy in the rural population of KwaZulu-Natal... -
Outcomes of a young ARV clinic within an established Family Practice
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: A Rosochacki --- Extraordinary lecturer in Family Medicine, MC Hosking --- ,The letter reports on outcomes of a private HIV/AIDS clinic and questions its safety. The clinic (site 282) is a satellite to a PEPFAR (presidents emergency program for aids relief) funded and AURUM health supervised program. The clinic identifies itself... -
The pleural effusion in HIV—an approach to diagnosis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: C Mostert --- Department of Internal Medicine, N Pannell --- Department of Internal Medicine,HIV is one of the most prevalent diseases and causes of mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Pleural disease is common in the population of this region, especially pleural effusion. The disease is associated with a significant mortality rate, and correct diagnostic... -
The infant-feeding practices of mothers enrolled in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme at a primary health care clinic in the Mpumalanga province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: IS Ukpe --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa J Blitz --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa J Hugo --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa M Theledi --- White River Clinic, South AfricaPurpose: To determine whether mothers attending a primary health care (PHC) clinic in the Mpumalanga province, South Africa for post-delivery prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) follow-up care were adhering to the recommendation of exclusive... -
Clues to hepatic histoplasmosis in an immunocompromised patient
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: P Soma --- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, S Ellemdin --- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,Disseminated histoplasmosis can be the initial clue to the presence of AIDS. In HIV infected patients, histoplasmosis can present with unusual manifestations, without a positive exposure history or outside the typical endemic area. Untreated histoplasmosis can be potentially life-threatening and... -
Family medicine, primary health care and HIV medicine—a ‘new’ clinical speciality and its role in the South African HIV pandemic
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: DT Hagemeister --- Drakenstein subdistrict, Western Cape and Division for Family Medicine and Primary Care,Context: Because of the extent of the HIV pandemic, but also due to some specific historical conditions, HIV medicine has evolved as a field of its own in South African medicine. With the massive scale of the roll-out of antiretroviral... -
The experiences of family caregivers concerning their care of HIV/AIDS orphans
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: KE Hlabyago --- Dept of Family Medicine and PHC, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa GA Ogunbanjo --- Dept of Family Medicine and PHC, Faculty of Health Sciences, South AfricaIntroduction: The HIV/AIDS pandemic is reducing life expectancy and raising mortality. An increasing orphan population is perhaps the most tragic and long-term legacy of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. By 2010 sub-Saharan Africa is expected to have an estimated 50 million orphans... -
Understanding participation in a hospital-based HIV support group in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: AS Heyer --- , Australia LH Mabuza --- Department of Family Medicine and PHC, South Africa ID Couper --- Division of Rural Health, Department of Family Medicine, South Africa GA Ogunbanjo --- Department of Family Medicine and PHC, South AfricaBackground: -
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy, virologic failure and workload at the Rustenburg Provincial Hospital
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: NO Chabikuli --- , DO Datonye --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa J Nachega --- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Department of Medicine, South Africa D Ansong --- Department of Child Health, GhanaBackground: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a strong predictor of progression to AIDS and death. It remains the most important potentially alterable factor that determines treatment outcomes. -
Evaluation of the clinical management of HIV-infected patients by private sector doctors in the eThekwini Metro, KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: P Naidoo --- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, TM Esterhuizen --- Programme of Biostatistics, Research Ethics and Medical Law, CC Jinabhai --- Department of Public Health Medicine, M Taylor --- Department of Public Health Medicine,Background: Although private sector doctors are the backbone of treatment service in many countries, caring for patients with HIV entails a whole new set of challenges and difficulties. The few studies done on the quality of care of HIV patients,... -
Adherence-monitoring practices by private healthcare sector doctors managing HIV and AIDS patients in the eThekwini metro of KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: P Naidoo --- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa M Taylor --- School of Family and Public Health, CC Jinabhai --- School of Family and Public Health,Background: The danger of poor adherence to treatment by patients with HIV infection is that poor adherence correlates with clinical and virological failure. Understanding how private-sector doctors monitor adherence by their HIV-infected patients could assist in developing interventions to improve... -
Analysis of the burdens of caregivers providing care to people living with HIV/AIDS in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: NO Ama --- Department of Statistics, Botswana ES Seloilwe --- Department of Nursing Education, BotswanaBackground: Caregivers, when providing care under the community home-based care (CHBC) programme, experience many burdens of a physical, emotional, financial or social nature. However, these problems are hardly ever considered by the planners of CHBC programmes. A comprehensive overview of... -
Sexually transmitted infections among patients attending the General Practice Clinic, Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: SS Olakolu --- General Practice Department, Nigeria EA Abioye-Kuteyi --- General Practice Department, Nigeria OO Oyegbade --- General Practice Department, NigeriaBackground: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are among the most common infectious diseases in the world today. There are few reliable statistics on the true prevalence of STIs in developing countries, especially in the general practice setting, hence the need to... -
Adequacy of pain management in HIV-positive patients
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: C Narasimooloo --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa SS Naidoo --- McCord Hospital, South Africa BM Gaede --- Emmaus Hospital, South AfricaBackground: A growing body of literature supports the view that people infected with HIV suffer significant pain and that pain is not well recognised or managed by health care professionals. This study investigated the prevalence, severity, recognition and management of... -
Focus group discussion with private sector doctors in the eThekwini Metro of KwaZulu-Natal on the management of HIV/AIDS patients
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: P Naidoo --- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, South AfricaBackground: Highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) is essential in the treatment of HIV/AIDS; however, a holistic approach to HIV/AIDS management is important. This study was done to confirm the findings of two studies done previously in the eThekwini Metro of... -
Identification of sources from which doctors in the private sector obtain information on HIV and AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: P Naidoo --- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa CC Jinabhai --- Department of Public Health Medicine, South Africa M Taylor --- Department of Public Health Medicine, South AfricaBackground: Doctors need to constantly update their knowledge and obtain information in order to practise high-quality medicine. Antiretroviral drugs have been available only since around 1996, therefore many of the doctors who were trained prior to 1996 would not have... -
Knowledge of and misconceptions about the spread and prevention of HIV infection among older urban women attending the Tshwane District Hospital, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: W Rauf --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa S Hitchcock --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa A Rauf --- Department of Orthopaedics, South Africa PJ Becker --- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, South AfricaBackground: Statistics around the world show a rapid increase in HIV infection in the older population. Many older women remain sexually active and are therefore exposed to heterosexual transmission of HIV infection. Older women are most likely considered respected opinion... -
Immune evaluation of HIV-infected and noninfected pre-eclamptics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: K Naidoo --- Centre for the AIDS Programme for Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), BSX Pupuma --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Women's Health and HIV Research Group, J Moodley --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Women's Health and HIV Research Group, -
Comprehensive approach to HIV/AIDS services: the way to go in resource-limited settings
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: A Adefolalu --- Department of Family Medicine, South AfricaThe response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic by the various health systems in sub-Saharan Africa, that has the highest prevalence of the disease, has been quite significant in recent years. Millions of people are now benefiting from the services rendered for... -
Validating that palliative care giving is a stressful occupation: the case of the Kanye community home-based care programme, Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: SM Kang'ethe --- Bachelor of Business Administration Programme, Department of Distance Education, Centre for Continuous Education, BotswanaBackground: It remains an incontrovertible fact that the phenomenon of HIV/AIDS has not only posed major health and development challenges, but is also a stressor experienced at local, regional and global levels. This article explores the stress-related challenges facing volunteer... -
Do health care providers discuss HIV with older female patients?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: WN Rauf --- Department of Family Medicine, South AfricaBackground: The World Health Organization expressed concern that older people in Africa who are ignored and excluded from HIV-prevention programmes are increasingly being infected with HIV. Studies show an inadequate awareness of the risks of HIV in the older female... -
Iron status and anaemia of chronic disease in HIV-infected African women in Mangaung, Bloemfontein
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: CM Walsh --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Z Hattingh --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, FJ Veldman --- Fibrinogen Unit, CJ Bester --- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences,Background: Anaemia occurs widely among people living with HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of HIV status on iron status, more specifically to investigate the nutritional health of women between 25 and 44 years of... -
Anthropometric profile of HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected women aged 25–44 years in Mangaung, Free State
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Z Hattingh --- School of Tourism, Hospitality and Sport, South Africa C Walsh --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, South Africa CJ Bester --- Department of Biostatistics, South AfricaBackground: Obesity and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) affect significant numbers of black women in South Africa. -
Acceptance and uptake of voluntary HIV testing among healthcare workers in a South African public hospital
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: LI Zungu --- Department of Health Studies, BA Sanni --- Strategic Health Programmes, National Department of Health,Background: Healthcare workers are seen as being at the centre of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) management. They are also at risk of HIV infection from occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens during their daily work activities. Although... -
Private healthcare sector doctors and HIV testing practices in the eThekwini Metro of KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: P Naidoo --- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology,Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing has many logistic and ethical challenges. The UNAIDS/WHO policy statement states that the testing of individuals must be confidential, be accompanied by counselling, and be conducted with informed consent. HIV testing is integral to... -
The perceptions of pregnant women, attending antenatal clinics, on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: VA Akeke --- Elizabeth Ross District Hospital, OO Oguntibeju --- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, S Govender --- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Health Science,Background: The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among women of reproductive age and children below the age of 15 years continues to increase, especially in the countries hardest hit by the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. -
Common ethical issues related to HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: D Knapp van Bogaert --- Steve Biko Centre for Bioethics, Faculty of Health Sciences, GA Ogunbanjo --- Department of Family Medicine and PHC, Faculty of Health Sciences, -
Human immunodeficiency virus: confidentiality and disclosure of information to third parties
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: D Knapp van Bogaert --- Steve Biko Centre for Bioethics, Faculty of Health Sciences, GA Ogunbanjo --- Department of Family Medicine and PHC, Faculty of Health Sciences, -
Ocular manifestations in HIV-AIDS patients in a Nigerian community
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: CO Omolase --- Department of Ophthalmology, OO Komolafe --- Department of Ophthalmology, OO Ayodeji --- Department of Community Medicine, BO Omolase --- Department of Radiology, AK Akinwalere --- Department of Ophthalmology, MY Majekodunmi --- Department of Ophthalmology Federal Medical Centre, NigeriaBackground: The aim of this study was to determine the ocular manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) among the study population. -
The association between depression and adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive patients, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: C Kitshoff --- Department of Family Medicine, L Campbell --- Department of Family Medicine, SS Naidoo --- Department of Family Medicine,Background: Depressive disorders are associated with poorer health outcomes in people living with human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (PLHIV) and have been shown to contribute to non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Western contexts. Limited data from... -
Measles in HIV-infected children in southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: AM Sheikh --- Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence, Botswana P Patel --- Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence, Botswana L Scherzer --- Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence, Botswana CP Neumann --- Baylor College of Medicine, United States of America G Anabwani --- Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence, Botswana MA Tolle --- Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence, BotswanaIn recent years, southern Africa has experienced a widespread measles outbreak. Given the high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in the region, the particular features of measles in HIV-infected individuals are of interest to clinicians, especially as regards children, as... -
How children access antiretroviral treatment at Kgapane District Hospital, Limpopo, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: J Railton --- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, R Mash --- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care,Background: At Kgapane Hospital, Limpopo Province, only 20% of eligible children initiated antiretroviral treatment (ART) in 2007. The aim of this study was to improve the ART programme by assessing how children were accessing ART, and to explore the factors... -
Human immunodeficiency virus and anaesthesia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: M Khalpey --- Department of Anaesthesiology, -
A medical audit of the management of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-positive patients in the Cape Winelands (East) district, Western Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: KB Von Pressentin --- Langeberg Sub-District, Cape Winelands District, HH Conradie --- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, R Mash --- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Background: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) has become the most common type of community-acquired meningitis. CM has a poor outcome if the initial in-hospital treatment does not adhere to standard guidelines. The aim of this audit was to improve the quality of... -
Exploration of pain in children on antiretroviral treatment in a regional hospital in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: M Azam --- Paediatrics, Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, L Campbell --- Department of Family Medicine, A Ross --- Department of Family Medicine,Background: Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may experience pain for a variety of reasons, including the effects of the virus itself, associated opportunistic infections and the ART. Studies indicate that pain in adults on... -
Adverse effects profile of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in a South African outpatient clinic
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: TQ Jacobs --- Department of Family Medicine, A Ross --- Department of Family Medicine,Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and drugs that are used to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis have potentially overlapping adverse effects. Few South African studies have documented adverse effects in the multidrug-resistant tuberculosis population. This study examined the adverse effects profile... -
Advanced oral HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma with facial lymphoedoema as an indicator of poor prognosis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: L Feller --- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, R Essop --- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, MH Motswaledi --- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, RAG Khammissa --- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, J Lemmer --- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine,Rapidly progressive facial lymphoedoema that develops concurrently with or immediately after rapid enlargement of oral Kaposi sarcoma in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -seropositive persons forebodes death. Previously, we reported on three patients with HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma who had not been... -
Assessment of the physical activity, body mass index and energy intake of HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected women in Mangaung, Free State province
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Z. Hattingh --- Hotel School, M. Le Roux --- School of Design Technology and Visual Art, M. Nel --- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, C. Walsh --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences,Background: Declining levels of physical activity at workplaces, during leisure time and when travelling, accompanied by increasing exposure to the mass media, are major determinants of the global obesity epidemic. This study aimed to assess physical activity, the body mass... -
Closing the prevention of mother-to-child transmission gap in Nigeria: an evaluation of service improvement intervention in Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: ON Chabikuli --- Family Health International 360, U Gwarzo --- Family Health International 360, Nigeria A Olufunso --- Family Health International 360, Nigeria D Reidpath --- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Services, Monash University, Malaysia P Allotey --- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Malaysia M Ibrahim --- Family Health International 360, Nigeria C Hamelmann --- United Nations Development Program,Objectives: The objective was to assess improvement, or lack thereof, in the uptake of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) services at selected sites supported sites by the Global HIV/AIDS Initiative Nigeria (GHAIN). -
‘Children will always be children’: Exploring perceptions and experiences of HIV-positive children who may not take their treatment and why they may not tell
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rachel Kawuma --- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute (MRC/UVRI) Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda Sarah Bernays --- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom Godfrey Siu --- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute (MRC/UVRI) Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda Tim Rhodes --- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom Janet Seeley --- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute (MRC/UVRI) Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, UgandaHIV-positive children and young people may face substantial social barriers to maintaining appropriate levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) during childhood and adolescence. In this paper, we focus on these children's voices and the challenges they face growing up... -
Love, lust and the emotional context of multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships among young Swazi adults
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Allison Ruark --- Department of International Health, USA Lunga Dlamini --- Department of International Health, USA Nonhlanhla Mazibuko --- Department of International Health, USA Edward C Green --- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, USA Caitlin Kennedy --- Department of International Health, USA Amy Nunn --- Division of Infectious Diseases, USA Timothy Flanigan --- Division of Infectious Diseases, USA Pamela J Surkan --- Department of International Health, USAMen and women in Swaziland who are engaged in multiple or concurrent sexual partnerships, or who have sexual partners with concurrent partners, face a very high risk of HIV infection. Ninety-four in-depth interviews were conducted with 28 Swazi men and... -
The promise and limitations of cash transfer programs for HIV prevention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: John Fieno --- Regional HIV/AIDS Program, US Agency for International Development, South Africa Suzanne Leclerc-Madlala --- Office of HIV/AIDS, US Agency for International Development, USAAs the search for more effective HIV prevention strategies continues, increased attention is being paid to the potential role of cash transfers in prevention programming in sub-Saharan Africa. To date, studies testing the impact of both conditional and unconditional cash... -
Experiences and conceptualizations of sexual debut from the narratives of South African men and women in the context of HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Erin Stern --- University of Cape Town, Women's Health Research Unit, South Africa Diane Cooper --- University of Cape Town, Women's Health Research Unit, South AfricaGiven the pivotal role of first sex in the development of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) practices, there is a need for more contextualised and nuanced understandings of young people's early sexual debut experiences. This study used sexual history narratives... -
An assessment of quality of care service provided to people living with HIV/AIDS by a secondary healthcare centre at Osogbo, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: SA Olowookere --- Community Health, Nigeria JO Olaitan --- Biological Sciences, Nigeria NA Adeleke --- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nigeria PB Olaitan --- Surgery Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Nigeria EG Adepoju --- Preventive Services, NigeriaObjective: The objective of this study was to assess the quality of service provided to people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) at a secondary healthcare centre at Osogbo, Nigeria. -
Does the knowledge of the human immunodeficiency virus serostatus influence the clinical diagnostic proficiency of Kaposi's sarcoma?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: LJ Van Bogaert --- National Health Laboratory Service,Objectives: Kaposi's sarcoma is an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining illness. A spectrum of non- Kaposi's sarcoma clinical and histopathological mimickers contributes to the potential over- or underdiagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma. The aim of this audit was to investigate the clinical... -
Integrating tuberculosis/HIV treatment: an evaluation of the tuberculosis outcomes of patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV in the Breede Valley subdistrict
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: H Conradie --- Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health, Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, P Khati --- Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, H Pharoah --- Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, S Adams --- Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences,Background: The Infectious Disease Clinic of Worcester Hospital introduced an integrated tuberculosis/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) service in July 2009 to provide comprehensive management to patients who were co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV. -
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Needlestick Injury: Knowledge and Management in a Population of Nigerian Anaesthetists
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: NA Merah --- Department of Anaesthesia, Nigeria CI Okeke --- Department of Anaesthesia, Nigeria OT Kushimo --- Department of Anaesthesia, Nigeria C Meribole --- Department of Anaesthesia, Nigeria OT Alagbe-Brigs --- Department of Anaesthesia, NigeriaObjective: To determine the knowledge of HIV transmission and of post exposure management, following an HIV- infected needlestick injury, in a population of Nigerian anaesthetists. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional, prospective assessment was conducted voluntarily in anaesthetists at an annual... -
Is there still a role for Caesarean section in preventing vertical HIV transmission in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: HM Sebitloane --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be transmitted from an infected mother to her child during pregnancy, delivery or breastfeeding. Without any intervention, transmission rates may range from 15–45%. However, this can be reduced to < 5% with effective drug therapy... -
Sexuality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus at Embhuleni Hospital in Mpumalanga province
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: E De Vries --- Mitchell's Plain District Hospital; Metro District Health Services, Cape Town School of Public Health and Family Medicine; University of Cape Town, L Gwyther --- School of Public Health and Family Medicine; University of Cape Town Mkhabela M, M Mkhabela --- ,Objectives: This study explored issues of sexuality in people living with AIDS who were on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). -
Contraceptive knowledge and practice among HIV-positive women receiving antiretroviral therapy at a district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: YS Somera --- ART Department, GJ Crookes Hospital Department of Family Medicine, A Ross --- Department of Family Medicine,Objectives: To determine the knowledge and use of contraceptives by HIV-positive women attending an ART clinic. -
Institutions and social change: a case study of the South African National AIDS Council
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Theodore Powers --- The Human Economy Project, Faculty of Humanities, South AfricaInstitutions play an important role in the success or failure of social models, as they promote or limit particular political and economic activities. Central to this point is the understanding that institutions and traditions are in a constant state of... -
HIV risk after release from prison: a pilot case-control study in Canada, France, Ivory Coast and South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Evelyne Vallières --- LICEF, Canada Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Rémi Dongo Kouabenan --- Université Pierre Mendès France, France Denis Dagou Koménan --- Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody, Ivory Coast Sid Abdellaoui --- Université de Paris, France François Joseph Azoh --- École normale supérieure, Ivory Coast Pierre McDuff --- Université de Montréal, Canada Jacques Bergeron --- Université de Montréal, Canada Safiétou MBaye --- Électricité de France (EDF), FranceThis study aimed to assess HIV knowledge, risk perception and risk behaviour of ex-offenders at risk of new infection and to compare them with the general population. A case-control interview study was conducted with conveniently sampled ex-offenders and persons with... -
Exploring risk and protective mechanisms associated with HIV infection among adolescents in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Pamela Naidoo --- Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Geri Donenberg --- Department of Medicine, United States Alicia Davids --- Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Kim Jonas --- Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Redwaan Vermaak --- Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Leickness Simbayi --- Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Ashraf Kagee --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Catherine Ward --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Erin Emersen --- Department of Medicine, United StatesThis study explored South African adolescents’ perceived risk and protection for HIV infection. Adolescents (N=28) with a mean age of 14.6 years receiving mental health care participated in Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) to engage in an in-depth exploration of their... -
Sexual orientation and HIV risk among youth in South Africa: a brief report
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThis study investigated the prevalence of homosexual orientation and HIV risk in a population-based survey among youth in South Africa. A cross-sectional population-based household survey was conducted using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling approach. The total sample included 1859 sexually... -
Most at-risk populations: contextualising HIV prevention programmes targeting marginalised groups in Zanzibar, Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Naheed Ahmed --- Department of Anthropology, FloridaAccording to a 2009 UNAIDS report the HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in Zanzibar, Tanzania, is low in the general population (0.6%), but high among vulnerable groups, specifically sex workers (10.8%), injecting drug users (15.1%), and men who have sex with men... -
HIV-serostatus disclosure in the context of free antiretroviral therapy and socio-economic dependency: experiences among women living with HIV in Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Leah F Bohle --- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Germany Hansjörg Dilger --- Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Germany Uwe Groß --- Institute for Medical Microbiology, GermanyThe worldwide implementation of free antiretroviral therapy (ART) raised great hopes among policy makers and health organisations about the positive changes it would bring about in attitudes and behaviours towards HIV and AIDS, as well as for infected people's lives... -
Obstacles to HIV prevention, treatment and care in selected public universities in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Blessing Mbatha --- Department of Communication Science, South AfricaSouth Africa, like the rest of Southern Africa, is ravaged by AIDS. Higher education in South Africa has a significant role to play in the fight against the spread of HIV and AIDS. This article reports the factors contributing to... -
Institutionalisation of knowledge transfer on sexual behaviour in the times of AIDS: a case study from a village community in north-central Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mari Kervinen --- University of Eastern Finland, FinlandThis paper concentrates on the changes in knowledge transfer in northern Namibia with respect to sexual norms, behavioural advice and sexual health information. The research was conducted in a small village community in Ohangwena region, where over 100 semi-structured and... -
Reasons for the low uptake of adult male circumcision for the prevention of HIV transmission in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Charles Maibvise --- University of Swaziland, Swaziland Thandisizwe R Mavundla --- University of South Africa, South AfricaSwaziland is currently experiencing the worst impact of HIV and AIDS of any country in the world. In an effort to curb further spread of the virus, the country adopted mass male circumcision (MC) as recommended by the World Health... -
Reproductive behaviour among women on antiretroviral therapy in Botswana: mismatched pregnancy plans and contraceptive use
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Michelle M Schaan --- University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa Myra Taylor --- University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa Richard Marlink --- Harvard School of Public Health AIDS Initiative, USAUnderstanding pregnancy planning and contraceptive use is important in preventing unplanned/unwanted pregnancies among women on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Through a cross-sectional survey of 155 women living with HIV on ART in Botswana (mean age = 36), bivariate/multivariate analyses were used... -
Other health-seeking behaviour of HIV and AIDS patients visiting private sector doctors in the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality of KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Panjasaram Naidoo --- Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, South AfricaObjectives: Although allopathic medicines are used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), many HIV-infected patients visit alternate medical and health practitioners, and take alternative therapies for their HIV condition. This study was conducted to confirm whether or not... -
The influence of biological factors on students’ sexual behaviour at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Given Mutinta --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Kaymarlin Govender --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Gavin George --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Jeff Gow --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaStudies in South African universities reveal that the prevalence of sexual risk behaviour is very high, putting many students at high risk of HIV infection. This study explored the biological influences on students’ sexual taking behaviour at the University of... -
HIV in Harare: The role and relevance of social stigma
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Stephen O'Brien --- School of Humanities and Social Science, Australia Alex Broom --- School of Social Science, AustraliaHIV is a significant social, political and economic problem in Zimbabwe. However, few researchers have explored peoples’ experiences of living with HIV in that country. Drawing on 60 qualitative interviews conducted with Zimbabweans living in Harare in 2010, this paper... -
Practice of sumo kodhi among the Luo and implications for HIV transmission in western Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Charles Omondi Olang'o --- Sociology and Anthropology, Kenya Erick Nyambedha --- Sociology and Anthropology, Kenya Jens Aagaard-Hansen --- Steno Health Promotion Center, DenmarkThis paper discusses the practice of sumo kodhi among the Luo ethnic group and its implications for spread of HIV in western Kenya. Sumo kodhi is a practice in which a woman arranges to have sex with a man other... -
Willingness to participate in future HIV prevention trials in Beira, Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ivete Meque --- Universidade Católica de Moçambique/Catholic University of Mozambique (UCM), Centro de Investigação de Doenças Infecciosas/Research Center for Infectious Diseases (CIDI), Mozambique Karine Dubé --- FHI 360, USA Lotte Bierhuizen --- Amsterdam Institute of Global Health and Development (AIGHD), The Netherlands Arlinda Zango --- Universidade Católica de Moçambique/Catholic University of Mozambique (UCM), Centro de Investigação de Doenças Infecciosas/Research Center for Infectious Diseases (CIDI), Mozambique Nienke Veldhuijzen --- Amsterdam Institute of Global Health and Development (AIGHD), The Netherlands Fidelina Cumbe --- Universidade Católica de Moçambique/Catholic University of Mozambique (UCM), Centro de Investigação de Doenças Infecciosas/Research Center for Infectious Diseases (CIDI), Mozambique Paul J Feldblum --- FHI 360, USA Janneke van de Wijgert --- Amsterdam Institute of Global Health and Development (AIGHD), The NetherlandsIn preparation for trials of new HIV prevention methods, willingness to participate (WTP) was assessed in Beira, Mozambique. A totla of 1 019 women participating in an HIV incidence study, and 97 men participating in a separate WTP survey, were... -
“Bearing my fruit into the grave”: experiences of anticipatory grieving and bereavement among Zimbabwean HIV positive women with loss of their only child
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Julia Mutambara --- Department of Psychology, Zimbabwe Memory Chitambira --- Department of Psychology, Zimbabwe James January --- Department of Community Medicine, Mpikelelo Maseko --- Department of Psychology, ZimbabweThis study aimed to explore the bereavement experiences of HIV positive women who had lost their only child. Participants were 10 women living with HIV (age range = 24–35 years) and with loss of their only child. Data on experiences of anticipatory... -
Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients at National Hospital Abuja Nigeria: a five year retrospective study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Onyebuchi Stephanie Ofoegbu --- Department of Family Medicine, Nigeria Bethrand Brian Odume --- Department of Family Medicine, NigeriaBackground: The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Nigeria has militated against efforts to control TB. This study determined the differences in TB treatment outcome between patients with TB/HIV co-infection and those without HIV co-infection in National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria. -
Comparison of dexmedetomidine, pethidine and tramadol in the treatment of post-neuraxial anaesthesia shivering
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: Lim Fern --- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Malaysia Karis Misiran --- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, MalaysiaObjective: This study was performed to compare the effectiveness of intravenous dexmedetomidine with that of pethidine and tramadol in the treatment of post-neuraxial anaesthesia shivering. -
Attitudes of women and men living with HIV and their healthcare providers towards pregnancy and abortion by HIV-positive women in Nigeria and Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ann M Moore --- The Guttmacher Institute, USA Akinrinola Bankole --- The Guttmacher Institute, USA Olutoin Awolude --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Nigeria Suzette Audam --- The Guttmacher Institute, USA Adesina Oladokun --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Nigeria Isaac Adewole --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, NigeriaFertility decisions among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are complicated by disease progression, the health of their existing children and possible antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, among other factors. Using a sample of HIV-positive women (n = 353) and men (n... -
Gender and HIV infection in the context of alcoholism in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nancy Muturi --- AQ Miller School of Journalism and Mass Communications, USAWomen in sub-Saharan Africa account for more than half (58%) of people living with the HIV and it is the only continent where HIV prevalence is higher for women than for men. Studies have attributed alcoholism with the high rates... -
HIV-related stigma: implications for symptoms of anxiety and depression among Malawian women
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Charles Kamen --- Behavioral Medicine Unit, USA Jill Arganbright --- Center for AIDS Intervention Research, USA Eliza Kienitz --- PGSP-Stanford PsyD Consortium, USA Melissa Weller --- PGSP-Stanford PsyD Consortium, USA Anna Khaylis --- British Columbia Operational Stress Injury Clinic, Canada Tammy Shenkman --- PGSP-Stanford PsyD Consortium, USA Sarah Smith --- Center for AIDS Intervention Research, USA Cheryl Koopman --- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, USA Cheryl Gore-Felton --- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, USAAn estimated 11% of the adult population in Malawi, Africa, is living with HIV/AIDS. The disease has taken a toll on communities, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Malawian women carry the burden of being caretakers for individuals infected with... -
Reducing the overall HIV-burden in South Africa: is ‘reviving ABC’ an appropriate fit for a complex, adaptive epidemiological HIV landscape?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Christopher J Burman --- The Rural Development and Innovation Hub, South Africa Marota Aphane --- The Rural Development and Innovation Hub, South Africa Peter Delobelle --- School of Public Health, South AfricaThis article questions the recommendations to ‘revive ABC (abstain, be faithful, condomise)’ as a mechanism to ‘educate’ people in South Africa about HIV prevention as the South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence and Behaviour Survey, 2012, suggests. We argue that... -
‘Deadly gonorrhoea’: history, collective memory and early HIV epidemiology in East Central Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jan Kuhanen --- Department of Geographical and Historical Studies, FinlandThis article combines local oral reminiscences with recent epidemiological literature to sketch a historical context around the onset and expansion of the HIV-1 epidemic in southern Uganda and north-western Tanzania. The local historical imagination has associated the appearance of AIDS... -
Mental health correlates of HIV risk behaviour and STIs/HIV infection among university students from 22 low, middle and high income countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Thailand Supa Pengpid --- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, ThailandThe aim of this study was to determine mental health correlates of HIV risk behaviour and self-reported STIs/HIV infection among university students in 22 low, middle and high income countries. Data on mental health and HIV risk were collected from... -
“Whenever Jack sees a condom, he falls asleep”: experiences of condom use and erectile disorder among HIV positive men in a Zimbabwean rural setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Zibusiso Nyati-Jokomo --- Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, James January --- Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Seedwell Mpande --- Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Watch Ruparanganda --- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Studies,In this qualitative inquiry, we set out to explore the experience of condom use and erectile disorder (ED) among men living with HIV in a rural district of Zimbabwe. Data on condom use related erectile disorder with antiretroviral (ART) medication... -
Reasons for share repurchases in South Africa: Theory versus practice
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Accounting Research • Authors: R Chivaka --- Department of Accounting, A Siddle --- Development Bank of Southern Africa, L Bayne --- Department of Accounting, C Cairney --- Department of Accounting, J Shev --- Department of Accounting,Share repurchases (share buy-backs) have become an increasing global phenomenon, with South Africa (SA) following the international trends since 1999. While there has been a significant amount of international research concerning share repurchases, the same is not true of SA... -
The role of community health workers in the re-engineering of primary health care in rural Eastern Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Karl le Roux --- Zithulele Hospital, South Africa Ingrid M le Roux --- Philani Maternal, South Africa Nokwanele Mbewu --- Philani Maternal, South Africa Emily Davis --- Semel Institute and the Department of Psychiatry, USABackground: Primary Health Care in South Africa is being re-engineered to create a model of integrated care across different levels of the health care system. From hospitals to clinics, in the community and in the home, health care will focus... -
An assessment of the risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis among adult patients suffering from human immunodeficiency virus attending the Wellness Clinic at Themba Hospital
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Felix Alberto Herrera Rodriguez --- Medical Department, South Africa Samuel Onoja Agbo --- Family Medicine department, South AfricaBackground: In South Africa, the data about risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is limited. Therefore, the assessment of risk factors for PTB is an important step to identify which risk factors are unique in every specific population context and... -
Personality functioning in people living with HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Monika dos Santos --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaThis investigation adopted a multiple case study approach to determine the personality functioning in people living with HIV/ AIDS (PLWHA). Participants comprised a convenience sample of four PLWHA (male = 3, female = 1). The majority of the participants were white (n = 3) and one... -
Adherence by a primary healthcare clinic in KwaZulu-Natal to the national HIV guidelines
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Nnaemeka Uzodike --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa Andrew Ross --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa Ogbonnaya Harbor --- Department of Family Medicine, South AfricaBackground: The decentralisation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to primary health care (PHC) was rolled-out in South Africa in March 2010. PHC staff members are expected to initiate ART, monitor patients, and detect and refer patients with adverse events or virological... -
Gender perspectives in care provision and care receipt among older people infected and affected by HIV in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Joseph O Mugisha --- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute (MRC/UVRI), Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, E Schatz --- Department of Health Sciences, USA J Seeley --- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute (MRC/UVRI), Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, P Kowal --- World Health Organization Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health, SwitzerlandThe objective of this study was to examine gender roles in the provision and receipt of care among older Ugandans. Survey data on care work were collected in 2009–2010 from 510 older people infected or affected by HIV/AIDS, at one... -
The impact of the global economic crisis on HIV and AIDS programmes directed at women and children in Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: John Serieux --- Department of Economics, Mwansa Njelesani --- Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) at UNESCO, South Africa Abson Chompolola --- Department of Economics, Zambia Ardeshir Sepehri --- Department of Economics, Harminder Guliani --- University of Regina, CanadaThis investigation sought to ascertain the extent to which the global economic crisis of 2008–2009 affected the delivery of HIV/AIDS-related services directed at pregnant and lactating mothers, children living with HIV and children orphaned through HIV in Zambia. Using a... -
Attracting female sex workers to HIV testing and counselling in Ethiopia: a qualitative study with sex workers in Addis Ababa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Wole Ameyan --- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK Caroline Jeffery --- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK Kassahun Negash --- Amref Health Africa, Ethiopia Etsegenet Biruk --- Amref Health Africa, Ethiopia Miriam Taegtmeyer --- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UKDespite growing efforts to increase HIV testing and counselling (HTC) services for most at risk populations in Ethiopia, the use of these services by female sex workers (FSWs) remains low. With rising numbers of FSWs in Addis Ketema and concerns... -
On the road again: concurrency and condom use among Uganda truck drivers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elizabeth C Costenbader --- FHI 360 Headquarters, Kathryn Lancaster --- FHI 360 Headquarters, Leonard Bufumbo --- FHI 360 Uganda Country Office, Uganda Angela Akol --- FHI 360 Uganda Country Office, Uganda Greg Guest --- FHI 360 Headquarters,Long-distance truck drivers have been shown to be a critical population in the spread of HIV in Africa. In 2009, surveys with 385 Ugandan long-distance truck drivers measured concurrency point prevalence with two methods; it ranged from 37.4% (calendar-method) to... -
Sexual HIV risk among substance-using female commercial sex workers in Durban, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tara Carney --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit, South Africa Petal M Petersen Williams --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit, South Africa Andreas Plüddemann --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit, South Africa Charles DH Parry --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit, South AfricaThis study examined data collected from a sample of female sex workers (FSWs) during the first two years of a brief risk-reduction intervention for vulnerable populations that focused on substance use and HIV risk-related behaviours (2007–2009) as part of a... -
Cognition and coping functions in people living with HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Monika dos Santos --- Psychology Department, South AfricaA multiple case study approach was adopted in this study to determine the cognitive and coping functioning in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). A convenience sample of four PLWHA (male = 3, female = 1) participants were included in the investigation. Three of the... -
The use of readily available biomarkers to predict CD4 cell counts in HIV-infected individuals
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Yusuf Moolla --- Department of Internal Medicine, South Africa Zaheer Moolla --- Department of General Surgery, South Afrcia Tarylee Reddy --- MRC, Biostatistics Unit, South Africa Nombulelo Magula --- Department of Internal Medicine, South AfricaBackground: The use of readily available biochemical investigations to predict the CD4 cell count in HIV-infected patients may provide clinicians with insight regarding disease severity at first contact. The aims of the study were to determine the relationship of calculated... -
Mortality and the ethics of qualitative research in a context of HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Patricia C. Henderson --- Centre for HIV/AIDS Networking (HIVAN),Utilising the story of one man suffering' from HIV/AIDS, the article explores ethical relationship between researchers and an interlocutor over a two-year period in Okhahlamba, the Drakensberg—a remote region populated by Zulu-speakers. Drawing on the philosophical work of Emmanuel Levinas,... -
The pragmatics of knowledge transfer: an HIV/AIDS intervention with traditional health practitioners in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: J Wreford --- AIDS and Society Research Unit, Centre for Social Science Research,The persistence of the binary of scientific and indigenous or traditional medicine in contemporary South Africa is particularly unhelpful in the context of HIV/AIDS and encourages biomedical disengagement from a potentially helpful cohort of health professionals recognised within their communities... -
‘She's just like my mother’: measuring motherhood in the context of the HIV epidemic in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Naomi Marshak --- Department of Social Anthropology,This paper emerges from an ethnographic study conducted in Kwazulu-Natal in 2010 that explored the practices of a humanitarian intervention providing psychosocial support for and strengthening of the bonds between orphans and children made vulnerable by HIV and their non-biological... -
Institutions and social change: a case study of the South African National AIDS Council
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Theodore Powers --- The Human Economy Project, Faculty of Humanities, South AfricaInstitutions play an important role in the success or failure of social models, as they promote or limit particular political and economic activities. Central to this point is the understanding that institutions and traditions are in a constant state of... -
Temporal distribution of baseline characteristics and association with early mortality among HIV-positive patients at University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Joshua.O. Akinyemi --- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, Nigeria Olubukola A. Adesina --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Nigeria Modupe.O. Kuti --- Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, Nigeria Babatunde.O. Ogunbosi --- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, Nigeria Achiaka E. Irabor --- Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria Georgina N. Odaibo --- Department of Virology, College of Medicine, Nigeria David O. Olaleye --- Department of Virology, College of Medicine, Nigeria Isaac F. Adewole --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, NigeriaThe first six months of HIV care and treatment are very important for long-term outcome. Early mortality (within 6 months of care initiation) undermines care and treatment goals. This study assessed the temporal distribution in baseline characteristics and early mortality... -
Telling stories and adding scores: Measuring resilience in young children affected by maternal HIV and AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Liesel Ebersöhn --- Centre for the Study of Resilience and Department of Educational Psychology, South Africa Irma Eloff --- Centre for the Study of Resilience and Department of Educational Psychology, South Africa Michelle Finestone --- Centre for the Study of Resilience and Department of Educational Psychology, South Africa Adri Grobler --- Centre for the Study of Resilience and Department of Educational Psychology, South Africa Melanie Moen --- Centre for the Study of Resilience and Department of Educational Psychology, South Africa“Telling stories and adding scores: Measuring resilience in young children affected by maternal HIV and AIDS”, demonstrates how a concurrent mixed method design assisted cross-cultural comparison and ecological descriptions of resilience in young South African children, as well as validated... -
Reckoning HIV/AIDS care: A longitudinal study of community home-based caregivers and clients in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Robin Root --- Department of Sociology & Anthropology, USA Arnau Van Wyngaard --- Department of Science of Religion and Missiology, South Africa Alan Whiteside --- CIGI Chair in Global Health Policy, CanadaThe article is a descriptive case study of a community home-based care (CHBC) organisation in Swaziland that depicts the convergence of CHBC expansion with substantially improved health outcomes. Comprised of 993 care supporters who tend to 3 839 clients in... -
“When we are together I feel at home.” Types and sources of social support among youth newly diagnosed with HIV in Kenya: implications for intervention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kathryn D Lypen --- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, Nicole M Lockwood --- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, Firas Shalabi --- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, Gary W Harper --- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, Elizabeth Ngugi --- Centre for HIV Prevention and Research, KenyaSocial support helps youth manage psychosocial stress. Though many studies have investigated the role of social support in helping youth in developed countries cope with their HIV status, such research is lacking among youth living in sub-Saharan African countries, including... -
A pilot study of two radiation fractionation regimens in patients with cancer of the cervix, who were HIV positive and not on antiretroviral therapy
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: A M Hocepied --- Department of Radiation Oncology, H Westerink --- Department of Radiation Oncology, R Lakier --- Department of Radiation Oncology,The Department of Radiation Oncology at the previously named Pretoria Academic Hospital (now the Steve Biko Hospital) undertook a pilot study between 2000 and 2001 of 20 patients who were human immunodeficiency virus-positive with locally advanced cancer of the cervix... -
The types and treatment outcomes of germ cell tumours of the ovary seen at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, between 1994 and 2008: a retrospective survey
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: K E A Mohammed --- Division of Radiation Oncology, A L van Wijk --- Division of Radiation Oncology,Objective: This retrospective observational study aims to review patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumours (MOGCTs) treated at Groote Schuur Hospital over a 15-year period. -
Schistosoma haematobium in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient with cancer of the cervix
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: A M Hocepied --- Department of Radiation Oncology, R Lakier --- Head of Department, Department of Radiation Oncology, -
The effect of human immunodeficiency virus prevalence on the epidemiology of conventional cervical cytological abnormalities: an institutional experience
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: L C Snyman --- Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kalafong Academic Hospital, G Dreyer --- Head, Gynaecological Oncology Unit Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology,Objectives: Despite a shift towards other screening modalities, cervical cytology still has an important screening function in many settings. The worldwide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has impacted severely on cervical cancer, resulting in women presenting at a younger age... -
HPV L1 capsid protein detection in high-risk human papillomavirus-positive cervical smears
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: N Heunis --- Department of Anatomical Pathology – Cytology, A Horton --- Consultant Pathologist and Clinical Virologist, Department of Medical Virology, K L Richter --- Consultant Pathologist and Clinical Virologist, Department of Medical Virology, G Dreyer --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, M Louw --- Department of Anatomical Pathology,Background: The L1 capsid protein is a viral nuclear protein that encapsidates the human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA to build new infectious particles. Previous studies in immune-competent patients have shown that detectable L1 protein in lowgrade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) smears... -
The impact of HIV infection on women receiving radiation for cervical cancer
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: Mapule Mangena --- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Leon Snyman --- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Greta Dreyer --- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sheynaz Bassa --- Department of Radiation Oncology, Piet Becker --- Research Office, Faculty of Health Sciences,Background: The objective of the study was to compare patient characteristics, treatment toxicity and interruptions, and survival in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative cervical cancer patients receiving radiation as primary or adjuvant treatment. -
Detection and management of acute HIV infections in patients with sexually transmitted infections: a window of opportunity for HIV prevention within South Africa?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: David Lewis --- Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service,Patients with acute human immunodefciency virus (HIV) infection are highly infectious to their uninfected sexual partners. The level of this infectiousness is thought to be as much as 26 times greater than that observed during chronic HIV infection, and may... -
Health-seeking behaviour of people with sexually transmitted infections in the community of Nkomazi East, Mpumalanga
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: Indiran Govender --- Department of Family Medicine, Mecha Eche --- Tonga District Hospital, MpumalangaThe control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is a priority for the World Health Organization. It is estimated that there are 11 million cases of STIs per year in South Africa. Health-seeking and sexual behaviours are important in the management... -
The effects of an educational intervention on the early management of oral lesions in the uMgungundlovu District in KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: T.A. Muslim --- Dentistry, S. Naidoo --- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry,Oral lesions Oral lesions that are associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are often the first clinical signs of an underlying infection. This study aimed to test primary healthcare (PHC) nurses’ knowledge and practices before and after an educational... -
Knowledge and attitudes about and practices of condom use for reducing HIV infection among Goma University students in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: M. Masoda --- University de Protestante, Democratic Republic of Congo, I. Govender --- Family Medicine,The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is experiencing increasing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in young adults. This is despite the government's widespread campaign on HIV/AIDS awareness. In this study, high-risk university students who engage in casual... -
Intramedullary conus medullaris tuberculoma in an HIV-infected child: an unusual immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome response
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: M. Lawler --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, S. Zulu --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, M. Archary --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, V. Govender --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, L. Mubaiwa --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, R. Bobat --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine,A human immunodeficiency virus-infected girl with previous cerebral tuberculosis presented with paraparesis and sphincter dysfunction after improvement in her CD4 count, following antiretroviral therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging of her spinal cord revealed a conus medullaris lesion, in keeping with a... -
Anal human papillomavirus and anal squamous cell cancer in people living with HIV/AIDS: implications for southern africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: S Chirkut --- King Edward VIII Hospital,Southern Africa has the largest burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the world. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is increasingly being made available in the region. The disease has shifted from being a death sentence... -
Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B or C co-infection in KwaZulu-Natal: a retrospective analysis of a laboratory database
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: N Tathiah --- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, R Parboosing --- Department of Virology, National Health Laboratory Service/University of KwaZulu-Natal, L Singh --- Department of Virology, National Health Laboratory Service/University of KwaZulu-Natal, C C Jinabhai --- Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P Moodley --- Department of Virology, National Health Laboratory Service/University of KwaZulu-Natal,Hepatitis B or C virus infection has an important influence on treatment and outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. HIV worsens the prognosis in hepatitis B- or C virus-infected patients, and patients on antiretroviral therapy are more likely to... -
A retrospective review of group B streptococcal infection in the Metro East area of the Western Cape province: 2010 to 2011
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: L Frigati --- Department of Paediatrics, Tygerberg Children’s Hospital, J L van der Merwe --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tygerberg Hospital, J Harvey --- Head Statistician, Centre for Statistical Application, H Rabie --- Department of Paediatrics, Tygerberg Children’s Hospital, G Theron --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tygerberg Hospital, M F Cotton --- Department of Paediatrics, Tygerberg Children’s Hospital,Effective strategies to prevent infant death rely on knowledge of prevalent pathogens. Recent publications have drawn attention to limited data on the contribution of group B streptococcal infection to neonatal and infant mortality in resource-restricted settings. The aim was to... -
The routine paediatric human immunodeficiency virus visit as an intervention opportunity for failed maternal care, and use of point-of-care CD4 testing as an adjunct in determining antiretroviral therapy eligibility
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: S C Picken --- HOPE Cape Town Association and Trust, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, S Williams --- HOPE Cape Town Association and Trust, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, J Harvey --- Centre for Statistical Consultation, Stellenbosch University, M M Esser --- Head of Immunology Unit, NHLS Tygerberg Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Stellenbosch University,South African women and children remain at the centre of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic, and maternal well-being plays a critical role in child health. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the paediatric visit on the determination... -
Causes of Death in Patients Treated at a Tertiary Hospital in the Limpopo Province: a Retrospective Study from 2008-2010
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: N Malangu --- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, S T Ntuli --- Department of Public Health Medicine, M Alberts --- Department of Medical Sciences,The aim of this study was to determine mortality rates and identify associated causes at a tertiary hospital situated in the Limpopo province of South Africa. Death notification forms from Pietersburg Mankweng Hospital Complex were retrieved and reviewed for the... -
Experiences in the implementation of provider-initiated counselling and testing and linkage to HIV services at urban public sector health facilities in KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Rogerio Phili --- Department of Public Health Medicine, South Africa Quarraisha Abdool Karim --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Boikhutso Tlou --- Department of Public Health Medicine, South AfricaBackground: A provider-initiated counselling and testing (PICT) strategy replaced the voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) strategy with respect to the provision of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counselling and testing (HCT) in KwaZulu-Natal province with the aim of increasing the uptake... -
Disintegrating perineal disease in patients with urethral stricture and HIV infection: a review of 12 cases
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: F.M. Classen --- Department of Urology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa S.W. Wentzel --- Department of Urology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa N van Greunen --- Department of Urology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa C.F. Heyns --- Department of Urology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South AfricaThe aim of this study was to defne disintegrating perineal disease (DPD) and to determine whether the fulminating nature of the condition could be explained by urine and perineal swab microbiology or perineal histology. A retrospective study that included 12... -
Perceptions of the HIV counselling and testing programme by patients in a rural regional hospital in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Emeka Orisakwe --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa Stella Ochiogu --- Educational Psychology and Special Education, South Africa Peter Ocholla --- Department of Hydrology, South AfricaBackground: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have become a major public health challenge worldwide in the past few decades. The impact is felt in all sectors in South Africa, as in other parts of sub-Saharan... -
Potential barriers to focused antenatal care utilisation by HIV-positive pregnant women in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: M Ganga-Limando --- Department of Health Studies, South Africa WP Gule --- Department of Health Studies, South AfricaBackground: Maternal mortality and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continue to be major challenges to the Kingdom of Swaziland. In the past, the government introduced focused antenatal care and integrated it with national strategies to reduce maternal mortality and the mother-to-child... -
The role of the community conversation approach in facilitating HIV/AIDS competence and utilisation of testing services in Africa: the case of Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Yeshambel T Nigatu --- Department of Health Sciences, the Netherlands Solomon Abera --- Department of Medical Laboratory and Pathology, Ethiopia Medhanit G Mekonnen --- Amref Health Africa, Ethiopia Wondiber N Melesse --- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, EthiopiaBackground: HIV/AIDS is a global epidemic. Although unpublished studies showed that the number of AIDS related deaths has fallen by 39% between 2005 and 2013 in sub-Saharan Africa, the region still accounted for 74% of all the people dying from... -
Estimating the effect of HIV/AIDS on fertility among Malawian women using demographic and health survey data
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Emmanuel Souza --- Department of Population Studies, Malawi Tom A Moultrie --- Centre for Actuarial Research, South AfricaSeveral studies have shown that HIV is an important distal factor that affects a woman's fertility. This study investigates the effect of HIV on fertility among Malawian women using data from the 2004 and 2010 demographic and health surveys. Specifically,... -
The relationship between collective action and serious illness in western Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jane K Njuguna --- Save The Children, USA Andrew M Muriuki --- Save The Children, USABy 2012 HIV had infected about 1.6 million Kenyans and an estimated 58 000 had died due to HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS rates in western Kenya are disproportionately high compared to the rate in Kenya as a whole. This study aimed to... -
Risk factors of HIV infection among farm workers at Rattray Arnold Research Farm in Goromonzi district, Zimbabwe: a qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mavis Soko --- Faculty of Commerce, Harare Stanzia Moyo --- Centre for Population Studies, Harare Oswell Rusinga --- Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Alfred Zvoushe --- Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, ZimbabweNotwithstanding the generally declining levels of HIV in Zimbabwe, HIV prevalence remains exceedingly high in commercial farms. Risky sexual practices underpinned by poverty, unreliable supply of condoms and lack of entertainment are the major underlying factors facilitating the spread of... -
“Men don't want things to be seen or known about them”: A mixed-methods study to locate men in a home based counselling and testing programme in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Alastair Van Heerden --- HIV/AIDS, STI and TB (HAST), South Africa Sakhile Msweli --- HIV/AIDS, STI and TB (HAST), South Africa Heidi Van Rooyen --- HIV/AIDS, STI and TB (HAST), South AfricaWhile evidence for home based counselling and testing (HBCT) as an effective HIV testing strategy is growing, men are often under-represented in this approach. Following up on a sample of households previously offered HBCT, the study contacted men who had... -
Prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors among postpartum HIV-positive women in health facilities, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThe goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its associated factors in postpartum HIV-positive women in South Africa . A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 580 HIV positive postnatal women (M = 28... -
School adjustment of adolescents affected by HIV and AIDS: A case study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Olubusayo Aduke Asikhia --- Department of Psychology of Education, South Africa Kesh Mohangi --- Department of Psychology of Education, South AfricaThe study examined the school adjustment of South African adolescents affected by HIV and AIDS . Participants were a convenient sample of 60 adolescents from a secondary school in a major South African city (females = 73 .33%, 50% affected... -
HIV in acute care: a review of the burden of HIV-associated presentations to an Emergency Department
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: B Naicker --- Division of Emergency Medicine, South Africa RC Maharaj --- Division of Emergency Medicine, South AfricaObjective: To determine the burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease and co-infection on a district-level Emergency Department (ED) in KwaZulu-Natal. -
Laboratory-based surveillance of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in South Africa, 2006–2010
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Desiree du Plessis --- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa Bhavani Poonsamy --- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa Veerle Msimang --- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa Leigh Davidsson --- Department of Diagnostics and Vaccinology, Sweden Cheryl Cohen --- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa Nelesh Govender --- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa Halima Dawood --- Department of Medicine, South Africa Alan Karstaedt --- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa John Frean --- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South AfricaBackground: We aimed to establish the characteristics of patients with confirmed Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia recruited by passive, sentinel laboratory-based surveillance. -
Maternal HIV infection and preterm delivery outcomes at an urban district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal 2011
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Mergan Naidoo --- Discipline of Family Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Benn Sartorius --- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, South Africa Guy Tshimanga-Tshikala --- Discipline of Family Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaBackground: The seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in pregnant women attending public facilities in KwaZulu-Natal province in 2011 was 37%, the highest in South Africa. An association between the HIV status of the pregnant women and preterm delivery, with... -
Exploring the role, needs and challenges of relatives of mothers with HIV or HIV and psychosis: A qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Ruan Spies --- Clinical Child and Family Studies and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, The Netherlands Olivia K. Derks --- Clinical Child and Family Studies and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, The Netherlands Paula S. Sterkenburg --- Clinical Child and Family Studies and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, The Netherlands Carlo Schuengel --- Clinical Child and Family Studies and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, The Netherlands Esme van Rensburg --- Department of Psychosocial Behavioural Sciences and Compres, South AfricaThis study explored types and nature of supports by relatives of mothers living with HIV and psychosis in comparison to mothers with HIV only. Interview data on their experiences of their roles, needs and challenges were collected from 33 relatives... -
Involving parents from the start: formative evaluation for a large randomised controlled trial with Botswana Junior Secondary School students
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jessica Vig --- Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, Kim S. Miller --- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA Catherine Chirwa-Motswere --- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Botswana Kate Winskell --- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Georgia Elizabeth Stallcup --- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USAWhile HIV prevention research conducted among adolescent populations may encounter parental resistance, the active engagement of parents from inception to trial completion may alleviate opposition. In preparation for implementing a large randomised controlled trial (RCT) examining the efficacy of a... -
The use of cash transfers for HIV prevention — are we there yet?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jessica Taaffe --- The World Bank Group, USA Nejma Cheikh --- The World Bank Group, USA David Wilson --- The World Bank Group, USAPoverty and social inequality are significant drivers of the HIV epidemic and are risk factors for acquiring HIV. As such, many individuals worldwide are at risk for new HIV infection, especially young women in East and Southern Africa. By addressing... -
What does sustainability mean in the HIV and AIDS response?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gemma Oberth --- Centre for Social Science Research (CSSR), South Africa Alan Whiteside --- Balsillie School of International Affairs, Waterloo, Canada and, South AfricaImmense progress has been made in the fight against HIV and AIDS. Achieving and exceeding the AIDS targets for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) was accomplished, in large part, due to an unprecedented financial investment from the international community. Following... -
HIV/AIDS among pastoralists and refugees in north-east Africa: a neglected problem
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mirgissa Kaba Serbessa --- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Damen Haile Mariam --- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Afework Kassa --- IGAD Regional HIV/AIDS Partnership Program-Programme Facilitation Office (IRAPP-PFO), Uganda Fathia Alwan --- Intergovernmental Authority for Development (IGAD) Secretariat, Djibouti Helmut Kloos --- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, USAThe eight member states (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda) of the Intergovernmental Authority for Development (IGAD) have the largest proportions of cross-border mobile pastoralists and refugees in Africa. Although all IGAD countries have had national... -
Gender inequality dynamics in the prevention of a heterosexual HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jane Wathuta --- School of Law, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaThis paper critiques the approach to the elimination of gender inequality as an HIV prevention strategy in the just ended era of the Millennium Development Goals, with the aim of contributing to the formulation of policy guidelines for sub-Saharan Africa... -
New insights into HIV epidemic in South Africa: key findings from the National HIV Prevalence, Incidence and Behaviour Survey, 2012
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Khangelani Zuma --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Olive Shisana --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Thomas M. Rehle --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Leickness C. Simbayi --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Sean Jooste --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Nompumelelo Zungu --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Demetre Labadarios --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Dorina Onoya --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Meredith Evans --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Sizulu Moyo --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Fareed Abdullah --- South African National AIDS Council, South AfricaThis article presents key findings from the 2012 HIV prevalence, incidence and behaviour survey conducted in South Africa and explores trends in the HIV epidemic. A representative household based survey collected behavioural and biomedical data among people of all ages... -
Home-based rehabilitation interventions for adults living with HIV: a scoping review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Saul Cobbing --- Department of Physiotherapy, South Africa Jill Hanass-Hancock --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Hellen Myezwa --- Department of Physiotherapy, South AfricaHome-based rehabilitation (HBR) has been shown to improve the lives of people living with a wide range of chronic diseases in resource-rich settings. This may also be a particularly effective strategy in resource-poor settings, where access to institution-based rehabilitation is... -
Retrospective comparison of cytological and histological bone marrow morphology in adult antiretroviral-naïve and antiretroviral experienced human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with peripheral blood cytopaenias
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Suraya Naidoo --- Department of Haematology, South Africa Vincent Louis Naicker --- National Health Laboratory Services, South AfricaBackground: A cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients presenting to a quaternary hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa over a period of one year was identified and morphological analyses of their bone marrow aspirates and trephine biopsies (BMAT) undertaken. -
Correlates of bacterial ulcers and acute HSV-2 infection among men with genital ulcer disease in South Africa: age, recent sexual behaviours, and HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Jami S. Leichliter --- Division of STD Prevention, USA David A. Lewis --- Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa Gabriela Paz-Bailey --- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, USAData from baseline surveys and STI/HIV laboratory tests (n=615 men) were used to examine correlates of bacterial ulcers (Treponema pallidum, Haemophilus ducreyi, or Chlamydia trachomatis L1-L3 detected in ulcers) and acute HSV-2 ulcers (HSV-2 positive ulcer specimen, HSV-2 sero-negative, and... -
Predictors of multiple concurrent and multiple sexual partnerships among male and female youth aged 18–24 in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Motlatso Gladys Mlambo --- Centre for Rural Health, Family Medicine Department, South Africa Karl Peltzer --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Witness Chirinda --- Medical Research Council, South AfricaThis study aimed to determine predictors of multiple concurrent and multiple sexual partnerships among South African male and female youth. Data were from a cross-sectional population-based household survey of 3 123 youths aged 18 to 24 years from four South... -
Infant feeding practices in a high HIV prevalence rural district of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Mr. Ghuman --- Department of Paediatrics, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, South Africa H. Saloojee --- Division of Community Paediatrics, South Africa G. Morris --- GJ Crookes Hospital, South AfricaAim: To describe infant feeding practices at birth and at 14 weeks post-partum in the Ugu-North Health District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. -
The risk of developing malnutrition in people living with HIV/AIDS: Observations from six support groups in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Ms. Nnyepi --- Department of Home Economics Education, BotswanaObjectives: The objectives of this study were 1) to determine the proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at risk of developing malnutrition, 2) to determine the prevalence of malnutrition (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), and 3) to describe the dietary... -
Nutritional, immune, micronutrient and health status of HIV-infected children in care centres in Mangaung
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: L. Steenkamp --- Nutrition Consultant in Private Practice, A. Dannhauser --- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, South Africa D. Walsh --- General Practitioner, G. Joubert --- Department of Biostatistics, South Africa Fj Veldman --- School of Health Technology, South Africa E. Van der Walt --- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, South Africa C. Cox --- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, South Africa Mk Hendricks --- School of Child and Adolescent Health, South Africa H. Dippenaar --- Department of Family Practice, South AfricaAim: To assess the nutritional, immune, micronutrient and health status of antiretroviral-naïve HIV-infected children. -
Socio-demographic risk factors for HIV infection in women living in Mangaung, Free State
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Z Hattingh [AN0001] C Walsh --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, South Africa G Joubert --- Department of Biostatistics, South AfricaObjective: To determine socio-demographic risk factors associated with HIV infection in women in Mangaung. -
Nutritional status of HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy and the impact of nutritional supplementation in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: R Lategan --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa L Steenkamp --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa G Joubert --- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa M Le Roux --- Department of Health, South AfricaObjectives: The study aimed to describe the nutritional status and determine the impact of current nutrition intervention strategies on weight changes in adult HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. -
Perceptions of body size and its association with HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: T. Matoti-Mvalo --- Diva Nutritional Products, T. Puoane --- School of Public Health,Objective: To explore the perception among black South African women that people who are thin are infected with HIV or have AIDS. -
Development of predictive equations for total body water using the deuterium-dilution method as the gold standard in a population of asymptomatic HIV-positive Zulu women in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: G. Kindra --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, A. Coutsoudis --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, L. Pillay --- Department of Chemistry, A. Kindness --- Department of Chemistry,Objectives: The study aimed to derive predictive equations for total body water determinations with bioelectrical impedance and anthropometric measurements in a population of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -positive Zulu women. -
Challenges in the implementation of the Infant and Young Child Feeding policy to prevent mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in the Nelson Mandela Bay District
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: P Mkontwana --- HIV and AIDS Research Unit, L Steenkamp --- HIV and AIDS Research Unit, J. Von der Marwitz --- HIV and AIDS Research Unit,Objective: To assess the Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) policy implementation among healthcare workers working at the Nelson Mandela Bay District (NMBD) public healthcare facilities. -
Acceptance of a ready-to-use supplementary food by stable HIV-treated and HIV and tuberculosis (co-infected)-treated patients
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: K. Pillay --- Dietetics and Human Nutrition, M. Siwela --- Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Fj Veldman --- Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Eo Amonsou --- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Bp Mabaso --- Dietetics and Human Nutrition,Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine consumer acceptance and perceptions of a ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF) by subjects treated for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HIV and tuberculosis (co-infected subjects). -
Adherence to infant-feeding choices by HIV-infected mothers at a Nigerian tertiary hospital: the pre-“rapid advice” experience
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Cu Onubogu --- Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria Ef Ugochukwu --- Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria I. Egbuonu --- Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria In Onyeka --- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, FinlandObjectives: The study examined adherence to infant-feeding choices made by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected mothers at a Nigerian tertiary hospital prior to implementation of the “rapid advice” guideline, i.e. the revised World Health Organisation principles and recommendations on infant feeding... -
HIV-related knowledge and practices: a cross-sectional study among adults aged 50 years and above in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Njoku Ola Ama --- Department of Statistics, Botswana Sheila Shaibu --- School of Nursing, Botswana Jacqueline Denise Burnette --- School of Social Work, USABackground: Older adults in Botswana have been shown to be sexually active and engage in risky sexual activities that make them vulnerable to HIV infection. In order to implement meaningful interventions to address older adults’ HIV and AIDS concerns it... -
Patient experiences with designated service provider medication delivery in a rural general practice in KwaZulu-Natal: a cross-sectional study on HIV patients
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: VV Reddy --- General practitioner in independent private practice , OH Mahomed --- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, South AfricaBackground: Healthcare funders (medical schemes) have established disease management programmes (DMPs) and designated service providers (DSPs) to reduce costs and improve patient outcomes to meet legislative requirements. However, there is a paucity of studies that have researched patient experiences and... -
Choice in HIV testing: the acceptability and anticipated use of a self-administered at-home oral HIV test among South Africans
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elizabeth A Kelvin --- City University New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, USA Sonia Cheruvillil --- City University New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, USA Stephanie Christian --- City University New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, USA Joanne E Mantell --- Division of Gender, Health and Sexuality, HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Department of Psychiatry, USA Cecilia Milford --- MatCH Research (Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South Africa Letitia Rambally-Greener --- MatCH Research (Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South Africa Nzwakie Mosery --- MatCH Research (Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South Africa Ross Greener --- MatCH Research (Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South Africa Jennifer A Smit --- MatCH Research (Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South AfricaCombination HIV prevention is being widely promoted by funders. This strategy aims to offer HIV prevention choices that can be selected and combined to decrease HIV risk in ways that fit with each individual’s situation. Treatment as prevention and pre-exposure... -
Resourcing resilience: social protection for HIV prevention amongst children and adolescents in Eastern and Southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elona Toska --- AIDS and Society Research Unit, Centre for Social Science Research, South Africa Lesley Gittings --- AIDS and Society Research Unit, Centre for Social Science Research, South Africa Rebecca Hodes --- AIDS and Society Research Unit, Centre for Social Science Research, South Africa Lucie D Cluver --- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Division of Social and Behavioural Sciences, South Africa Kaymarlin Govender --- Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa K Emma Chademana --- School of Public Health, South Africa Vincent Evans Gutiérrez --- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Division of Social and Behavioural Sciences, South AfricaAdolescents are the only age group with growing AIDS-related morbidity and mortality in Eastern and Southern Africa, making HIV prevention research among this population an urgent priority. Structural deprivations are key drivers of adolescent HIV infection in this region. Biomedical... -
Funding of community-based interventions for HIV prevention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nana K Poku --- Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa René Bonnel --- Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaSince the start of the HIV epidemic, community responses have been at the forefront of the response. Following the extraordinary expansion of global resources, the funding of community responses rose to reach at least US$690 million per year in the... -
Strengthening HIV surveillance: measurements to track the epidemic in real time
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Usangiphile E Buthelezi --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, South Africa Candace L Davidson --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, South Africa Ayesha BM Kharsany --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, South AfricaSurveillance for HIV as a public health initiative requires timely, detailed and robust data to systematically understand burden of infection, transmission patterns, direct prevention efforts, guide funding, identify new infections and predict future trends in the epidemic. The methods for... -
Traditional healers and the “Fast-Track” HIV response: is success possible without them?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Suzanne Leclerc-Madlala --- Office of HIV and AIDS, Global Health Bureau, USA Edward Green --- Department of Anthropology, USA Mary Hallin --- College of Business Administration, USAThe rapid scale-up of effective HIV prevention strategies is a central theme of the post-2015 health and development agenda. All major global HIV and AIDS funders have aligned their policies and plans to achieve sharp reductions in new HIV infections... -
(Re)politicising and (re)positioning prevention: community mobilisations and AIDS prevention in the new AIDS era
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Imara Ajani Rolston --- Department of Social Psychology & Centre for the Study of Human Rights, United KingdomAn increasing focus on the relationship between AIDS prevalence and socio-economic inequality signals the need for a revaluation of the role of “politics” and “power” in AIDS prevention. This revaluation bears great significance when considering the future trajectories of the... -
Disseminated fungal infection in an HIV-infected patient due to Aureobasidium pullulans
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Wesley G. van Hougenhouck-Tulleken --- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, South Africa Garrison Mathole --- Department of Internal Medicine, South Africa Alan Karstaedt --- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, South Africa Nimmisha Govind --- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, South Africa Magendhree Moodley --- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa Sharona Seetharam --- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa Nelesh P. Govender --- National Institute for Communicable Diseases(Centre for Opportunistic, Tropical and Hospital Infections), a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa Colin N. Menezes --- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, South AfricaIn South Africa, novel fungal pathogens have emerged as an important cause of disease in HIV-infected individuals. The clinical presentation is characteristically prolonged, insidious and the diagnosis elusive, often being made post mortem. We report an HIV-infected individual with a... -
Antiretroviral adherence and virological outcomes in HIV-positive patients in Ugu district, KwaZulu-Natal province
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Germain Kapiamba --- Department of Health Studies, South Africa Thembekile Masango --- Department of Health Studies, South Africa Ditaba Mphuthi --- Department of Health Studies, South AfricaAdherence to antiretroviral therapy is crucial to ensure viral suppression. In the scientific community it is widely accepted that an adherence level of at least 90% is necessary to achieve viral suppression. This study uses pharmacy refill records to describe... -
Multiple sexual partnerships and their correlates among Facebook users in Swaziland: an online cross-sectional study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Bhekumusa Wellington Lukhele --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan Teeranee Techasrivichien --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan Patou Masika Musumari --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan Christina El-saaidi --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan S. Pilar Suguimoto --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan Masako Ono-Kihara --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan Masahiro Kihara --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, JapanSocial networking sites (SNSs) have been suggested to facilitate risky sexual activities. However, it is unknown and of concern how SNSs such as Facebook shape risky sexual activities in developing settings such as Swaziland, the country hardest hit by HIV... -
Voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention in fishing communities in Uganda: the influence of local beliefs and practice
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Martin Mbonye --- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda Monica Kuteesa --- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda Janet Seeley --- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda Jonathan Levin --- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Helen Weiss --- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, United Kingdom Anatoli Kamali --- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, UgandaLocal beliefs and practices about voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) may influence uptake and effectiveness. Data were gathered through interviews with 40 people from four ethnically mixed fishing communities in Uganda. Some men believed that wound healing could be promoted... -
A qualitative study of migrant-related stressors, psychosocial outcomes and HIV risk behaviour among truck drivers in Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lynn Murphy Michalopoulos --- School of Social Work, USA Nomagugu Ncube --- International Organization for Migration, Zambia Simona J. Simona --- Department of Social Development Studies, Zambia Brian Kansankala --- International Organization for Migration, Zambia Emmanuel Sinkala --- International Organization for Migration, Zambia Jasmin Raidoo --- School of Social Work, USATruck drivers are part of mobile populations which have been noted as a key population at risk of HIV in Zambia. This study was aimed at: (1) determining potentially traumatic events (PTEs), labour migrant-related stressors, psychosocial problems and HIV risk... -
Teachers’ subjectivities and emotionality in HIV/AIDS teaching
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jaqueline Naidoo --- School of Education, South Africa Peter Rule --- School of Education, South AfricaSchools play a significant role in conveying essential knowledge, skills and attitudes about HIV and AIDS to millions of learners, and are therefore at the forefront of addressing the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This has resulted in a shift in HIV/AIDS research... -
Psychosocial well-being of people living with HIV and the community before and after a HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Catharina D Prinsloo --- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Minrie Greeff --- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Annamarie Kruger --- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Suria Ellis --- Unit for Business Mathematics and Informatics, South AfricaThe purpose of the research was to determine whether an HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention in a South African urban area would bring about a difference in the psychosocial well-being of people living with HIV (PLWH), as well as... -
Church representatives’ perspectives on masculinities in the context of HIV: the case of the Ecumenical HIV and AIDS Initiative in Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Hendrew G Lusey --- World Council of Churches, The Ecumenical HIV and AIDS Initiative in Africa, Democratic Republic of Congo Monica Christianson --- Department of Nursing, Sweden Miguel San Sebastian --- Division of Epidemiology and Global Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sweden Kerstin E Edin --- Department of Nursing, SwedenDespite a growing body of literature related to church leaders challenging dominant norms of masculinities that may enable the spread of HIV, research on masculinity issues among African church representatives who are policy makers is scarce. The objectives of this... -
Keeping kids in care: virological failure in a paediatric antiretroviral clinic and suggestions for improving treatment outcomes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Susan Purchase --- HOPE Cape Town Association and Trust, South Africa Jayne Cunningham --- HOPE Cape Town Association and Trust, South Africa Monika Esser --- Immunology Unit, Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, South Africa Donald Skinner --- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, South AfricaThe burden of paediatric HIV in South Africa is extremely high. Antiretrovirals (ARVs) are now widely accessible in the country and the clinical emphasis has shifted from initiation of treatment to retention in care. This study describes the cumulative virological... -
Community member perceptions of influences on teenage pregnancies
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Cily Tabane --- University of South Africa, South Africa Adlai Davids --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThis exploratory qualitative study aimed to provide insight into the factors contributing to the high prevalence rate of teenage pregnancy in South African communities. Focus group were conducted with 193 community members (females = 44.6%; adults = 50.8%, teenagers/youth =... -
Knowledge and practice of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV guidelines amongst doctors and nurses at Odi Hospital, Tshwane District
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Kingsley Ogbonna --- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, South Africa Indiran Govender --- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, South Africa John Tumbo --- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, South AfricaBackground: Almost 60 million people are infected with and 25 million people have already died from HIV/AIDS. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region most affected, with 67% of all people living with HIV and 91% of all new infections amongst children... -
Interferon alpha in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: Case report and review of the literature
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: K Moodley --- Department of Neurology, South Africa PLA Bill --- Department of Neurology, South Africa VB Patel --- Department of Neurology, South AfricaSubacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by the measles virus. Spontaneous remission and survival longer than 4 years is rare. The disease commonly affects children and adolescents from less privileged socio-economic backgrounds. Prior to immunisation,... -
World Health Organisation staging, adherence to HAART and abnormal cervical smears amongst HIV-infected women attending a government hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Appolinaire Ciamalenga Katumba --- Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Elizabeth Reji --- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Tabither Gitau --- Population Council (Poverty, Gender and Youth Development), Kenya Cindy Firnhaber --- Right to Care,Introduction: South Africa (SA) has more people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) than any other country in the world. Women infected with HIV have a higher risk of developing cervical dysplasia and cancer than women who are not infected. -
Acute toxicity in cervical cancer HIV-positive vs. HIV-negative patients treated by radical chemo-radiation in Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: Sibusiso Mdletshe --- Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences Department, South Africa Harry Munkupa --- Oncology Center, Zambia Kennedy Lishimpi --- Oncology Center, ZambiaBackground: The current standard of radical treatment for patients with cancer of the cervix is combination therapy in the form of radiotherapy with chemotherapy. Generally the same treatment protocol is applied to HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. However, HIV-positive patients with... -
The Archiving of Siti Binti Saad and her Engagement with the Music Industry in Shaaban Robert’s Wasifu wa Siti Binti Saad
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies • Authors: Imani Sanga --- Department of Creative Arts, TanzaniaThis essay discusses the representation of a Zanzibari legendary taarab female singer, Siti Binti Saad, in Shaaban Robert’s Wasifu wa Siti Binti Saad [Biography of Siti Binti Saad]. It examines the role Robert’s Wasifu plays in the archiving of Siti... -
Advancing gender equality to improve HIV prevention: A study of practice
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jenevieve Mannell --- Institute for Global Health, University College London, United KingdomAddressing gender inequality as a social driver of HIV risk and vulnerability has become a key activity of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in South Africa. This paper sheds light on the environmental factors that influence gender and HIV activities in this... -
Integrated intervention for mental health co-morbidity in HIV-positive individuals: A public health assessment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Monika dos Santos --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Gustaaf Wolvaardt --- Foundation for Professional Development, South AfricaIn South Africa, where it is estimated that more people have HIV than anywhere else in the world, HIV/AIDS and psychological disorder co-morbidity have been shown both to exacerbate the late diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and to affect... -
The intersection of antiretroviral therapy, peer support programmes, and economic empowerment with HIV stigma among HIV-positive women in West Nile Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nicole Coffey Kellett --- Department of Anthropology, USA Katherine Gnauck --- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, USAHIV stigma remains a major problem of the AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Women fear impending social stigma including blame, isolation and abuse. HIV infection and HIV stigma interact cyclically, creating and reinforcing economic and social exclusion for individuals living... -
The relationship between HIV and AIDS and water scarcity in Nyamakate resettlements land, north-central Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Alexio Mbereko --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Dianne Scott --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Moses John Chimbari --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaHIV and AIDS and water variability have been studied separately, yet, they impact on rural households simultaneously in an interactive manner. The study provide narratives on various realities from a study in the Nyamakate community that illustrates the dialectical relationship... -
Ensuring an optimal environment for peer education in South African schools: Goals, systems, standards and policy options for effective learning
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sharlene Swartz --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Charles Deutsch --- Harvard Catalyst Population Health Research Program, USA Benita Moolman --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Emma Arogundade --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Dane Isaacs --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Barbara Michel --- Centre for the Support of Peer Education, South AfricaPeer education has long been seen as a key health promotion strategy and an important tool in preventing HIV infection. In South African schools, it is currently one of the strategies employed to do so. Based on both a recent... -
Experiences of alcohol consumption and taking antiretroviral medication among men living with HIV in Tshwane, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sebenzile Nkosi --- Alcohol, Tobacco & Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Eileen P. Rich --- Alcohol, Tobacco & Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Connie T. Kekwaletswe --- Alcohol, Tobacco & Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Neo K. Morojele --- Alcohol, Tobacco & Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, South AfricaHazardous alcohol consumption may compromise optimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among patients. Adoption of hegemonic notions of masculinity may encourage health-risk behaviours, such as alcohol consumption, and discourage health-enhancing behaviours, such as ART adherence among men. This study aimed to... -
HIV care and treatment experiences among female sex workers living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kathryn E. Lancaster --- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, USA Dana Cernigliaro --- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, USA Rose Zulliger --- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, USA Paul F. Fleming --- Department of Health Behavior & Health Education, USAFemale sex workers (FSW) living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa have poor engagement to HIV care and treatment. Understanding the HIV care and treatment engagement experiences of FSW has important implications for interventions to enhance care and treatment outcomes. We... -
Dealing with disclosure: Perspectives from HIV-positive children and their older carers living in rural south-western Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Esther Dusabe-Richards --- Department of International Public Health, United Kingdom Rwamahe Rutakumwa --- Medical Research Council, Uganda Flavia Zalwango --- Medical Research Council, Uganda Allen Asiimwe --- Medical Research Council, Uganda Elvis Kintu --- Medical Research Council, Uganda Fatuma Ssembajja --- Medical Research Council, Uganda Janet Seeley --- Medical Research Council, UgandaThere are limited data on the challenges faced by carers, in particular older carers, in managing the difficult task of status disclosure for HIV-positive children. We report findings from qualitative interviews with 18 care dyads of older people and HIV-positive... -
Marriage, kinship and childcare in the aftermath of AIDS: rethinking “orphanhood” in the South African lowveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Isak Niehaus --- Anthropology Division, United KingdomIn this article I consider the significance of marriage from the vantage point of children’s affiliation to domestic units during the era of South Africa’s AIDS pandemic. Drawing on multi-temporal fieldwork in Impalahoek, a village in the Bushbuckridge municipality of... -
“The other”: Persistent beliefs regarding HIV risk in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Lynlee Howard-Payne --- Department of Psychology, School of Human and Community Development, South AfricaThis study explored stereotype constructions people may impute on to others in the context of a contagious disease epidemic. Participants were 30 undergraduate students from a large university in Johannesburg, South Africa. They completed the open-ended Build-A-Character Questionnaire, which described... -
Nutritional status and metabolic risk in HIV-infected university students: challenges in their monitoring and management
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: L Steenkamp --- HIV&AIDS Research Unit, South Africa I Truter --- Department of Pharmacy, Drug Utilization Research Unit (DURU), South Africa M Williams --- Department of Nursing, South Africa A Goosen --- Campus Health Service, South Africa I Oxley --- Department of Dietetics, South Africa E van Tonder --- Department of Dietetics, South Africa S Kock --- Department of Human Movement Science, South Africa DJL Venter --- Unit for Statistical Consultation, South AfricaObjective: This study aims to describe challenges in the management of HIV-infected university students focusing on their nutritional status and metabolic risk. -
Optimal management of children on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in primary care: a quality improvement project
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Claire van Deventer --- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, South Africa Lauren Golden --- WRHI, South Africa Erica du Plessis --- District Clinical Specialist Team, Dr Kenneth Kaunda District, South Africa Carien Lion-Cachet --- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, South AfricaIntroduction: With the large volumes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients in South Africa, one clinical management strategy has been to task shift. This means that previously hospi-centric HIV services have devolved to primary health care (PHC) clinics. The... -
Fertility intention and use of contraception among women living with the human immunodeficiency virus in Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Kebogile Mokwena --- Department of Public Health, South Africa Yenealem Reta Bogale --- Department of Health Studies, South AfricaBackground: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic resulted in decreased fertility among HIV-positive women, who did not want to transmit the virus to their unborn children. With the availability of antiretroviral therapy that suppresses viral load, HIV-infected women live normal... -
Prevalence of HIV and malaria: a cross-sectional study on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Xiangbin Zheng --- Central Laboratory, People’s Republic of China Min Lin --- Central Laboratory, People’s Republic of China Dong-De Xie --- Laboratory Medical Center, People’s Republic of China Jian Li --- Department of Parasitology, People’s Republic of China Jiang-Tao Chen --- The Chinese medical aid team to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, People’s Republic of China Urbano Monsuy Eyi --- Central Blood Transfusion Service, Republic of Equatorial Guinea Santiago-m Monte-Nguba --- Medical Laboratory, Republic of Equatorial Guinea Juan Carlos Sala Ehapo --- Medical Laboratory, Republic of Equatorial Guinea Hui Yang --- Central Laboratory, People’s Republic of China Hui-Tian Yang --- Central Laboratory, People’s Republic of China Li-Ye Yang --- Central Laboratory, People’s Republic of ChinaMalaria and HIV are two of the most severe public health problems in Africa. However, epidemiological data on Bioko Island is scarce. To investigate the prevalence of malaria and HIV infections and assess association of malaria and HIV infections and... -
Love grows with sex: teenagers negotiating sex and gender in the context of HIV and the implications for sex education
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Deevia Bhana --- School of Education, South AfricaHow do teenagers located in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa, the epicentre of the HIV pandemic, give meaning to sexuality? This paper examines teenage black Africans investments in sex and sexuality and the gendered dynamics through which sexuality is... -
The multidimensional nature of HIV stigma: evidence from Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Maria A Carrasco --- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA Rosario Arias --- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA Maria E Figueroa --- Johns Hopkins Center for Communications Programs, USAHIV stigma continues to be a major challenge to addressing HIV/AIDS in various countries in sub-Saharan Africa, including Mozambique. This paper explores the multidimensional nature of HIV stigma through the thematic analysis of five qualitative studies conducted in high HIV... -
Conceptions of agency and constraint for HIV-positive patients and healthcare workers to support long-term engagement with antiretroviral therapy care in Khayelitsha, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Erin Stern --- Division of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Christopher Colvin --- Division of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Nobom Gxabagxaba --- Division of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Charlotte Schutz --- Clinical Infectious Diseases Research Initiative, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Rosie Burton --- Southern African Medical Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, South Africa Graeme Meintjes --- Clinical Infectious Diseases Research Initiative, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South AfricaIn the context of the optimism around antiretroviral therapy (ART) as prevention of HIV/AIDS, addressing the barriers to long-term ART adherence is critical. This is particularly important given the tendency to individualise or use a blame discourse when exploring why... -
HIV risk and prevention among men who have sex with men in rural South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kabelo Maleke --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa Nosipho Makhakhe --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa Remco PH Peters --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa Geoffrey Jobson --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa Glenn De Swardt --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa Joseph Daniels --- Program in Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, USA Timothy Lane --- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, USA James A McIntyre --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa John Imrie --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa Helen Struthers --- Anova Health Institute, South AfricaRural South African men who have sex with men (MSM) are likely to be underserved in terms of access to relevant healthcare and HIV prevention services. While research in urban and peri-urban MSM populations has identified a range of factors... -
Improving voluntary medical male circumcision standards adherence and post-procedure follow-up in Uganda: A mixed methods study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sarah Smith Lunsford --- EnCompass LLC, USA John Byabagambi --- University Research Co., LLC, Uganda Zachariah Falconer-Stout --- EnCompass LLC, USA Esther Karamagi --- University Research Co., LLC, UgandaVoluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) has been demonstrated to reduce the transmission of HIV by 60%. Scaling up VMMC services requires that they be of high quality, socially accepted, and effective. We evaluated an intervention aimed at improving VMMC standards... -
The intersection of abandonment, HIV-positive status and residential care for a group of perinatally infected adolescents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jeanette Schmid --- Centre for Social Development in Africa, South Africa Jenita Chiba --- Centre for Social Development in Africa, South AfricaAlthough anti-retroviral treatments have significantly reduced the incidence of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and AIDS, there remains, for the foreseeable future, a group of adolescents who have been perinatally infected. Noting the paucity of information regarding the impact of paediatric... -
The role of civil society in health policy making in South Africa: a review of the strategies adopted by the Treatment Action Campaign
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Stella C Sabi --- Food Security Programme, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South Africa Mark Rieker --- Policy and Development Studies, South AfricaThe diagnosis of AIDS in 1982 in South Africa was followed by a rapid rise in the number of people living with the virus and dying from AIDS-related illnesses. The 2016 report by the Statistics South Africa indicated that about... -
“The child can remember your voice”: parent–child communication about sexuality in the South African context
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Esmeralda Vilanculos --- Centre of Excellence in Human Development, School of Human and Community Development, Department of Psychology, South Africa Mzikazi Nduna --- Centre of Excellence in Human Development, School of Human and Community Development, Department of Psychology, South AfricaThere is a wealth of research on parent–child communication about sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) and its influence on young people’s sexual behaviours. However, most of it is from the global North. The aim of this study was... -
Relationship between HIV serostatus, CD4 count and rehospitalisation: Potential implications for health systems strengthening in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Yoshan Moodley --- Discipline of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, South Africa Andrew Tomita --- Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, South AfricaBackground: Despite three decades of scientific response to HIV/AIDS, the generalised HIV epidemic continues to persist in South Africa. There is growing acknowledgement that health system strengthening will be critical in tackling HIV/AIDS. Patient rehospitalisation is an important quality benchmark... -
An HIV-positive status and short term perioperative mortality – a systematic review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Yoshan Moodley --- Discipline of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, South Africa Kumeren Govender --- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, South AfricaBackground: A contemporary summary describing the impact of an HIV-positive status on short term perioperative mortality is lacking. -
Evaluation of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission programme at a primary health care centre in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: OS Akinsanya --- Department of Public Health, UK JA Wiseberg-Firtell --- Department of Public Health, UK G Akpomiemie --- Reproductive Health & HIV Institute, University of the Witswatersrand, South Africa OV Adeniyi --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa RP Kaswa --- Department of Family Medicine, South AfricaAim: To evaluate the effectiveness of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of the HIV programme at Levai Mbatha Community Health Centre (CHC), Evaton, South Africa. -
Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus — hepatitis B virus co-infection amongst adult patients in Mahalapye, Ngami, Serowe, Botswana: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Azhani Mandiwana --- Botswana Defence Force, Botswana Stephane Tshitenge --- Family Medicine and Public Health, BotswanaBackground: About 37 million people are living with human-immunodeficiency-virus (HIV) worldwide, with 2.6 million co-infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV infection causes 650 000 deaths annually worldwide. Botswana has a high prevalence of HIV and a growing population... -
Pathological vestibular symptoms presenting in a group of adults with HIV/AIDS in Johannesburg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Katijah Khoza-Shangase --- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, South Africa Kayla Jade Van Rie --- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, South AfricaAim: The current study aimed to explore the pathological vestibular symptoms presenting in a group of adults with HIV/AIDS in Johannesburg, South Africa. -
HIV transmission in twin pregnancy: Maternal and perinatal outcomes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: LL Makunyane --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South Africa J Moodley --- Women’s Health and HIV Reproductive Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South Africa MJ Titus --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South AfricaBackground: Despite over two decades of studies of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, very little data is available on HIV transmission in twin pregnancies in Africa. -
HIV/AIDS prevention support resourcing with family and peers: University student perspectives
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Alfred Motalenyane Modise --- Faculty of Education, South AfricaThis study explored how students construct family and peers as resources for their HIV prevention. The participants were 20 education students from a South African technology education university (female = 60%, black = 85%; age range = 18 to 24)... -
Invasive cervical cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection at Tygerberg Academic Hospital in the period 2003–2007: demographics and characteristics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: Abdiyah Diarra --- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, South Africa Hennie Botha --- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology Unit, South AfricaBackground: Despite the prevalence of HIV infection in women with pre-invasive and invasive cervical diseases managed at the Gynaecologic Oncology unit of Tygerberg Hospital, there is a lack of local data on the effect HIV/AIDS has on invasive cervical cancer... -
Barriers and facilitators of antiretroviral therapy adherence in rural Eastern province, Zambia: the role of household economic status
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rainier Masa --- School of Social Work, USA Gina Chowa --- School of Social Work, USA Victor Nyirenda --- Global Social Development Innovations, USAIn Zambia, more people living with HIV now have access to lifesaving antiretroviral therapy than ever before. However, progress in HIV treatment and care has not always resulted in lower mortality. Adherence remains a critical barrier to treatment success. The... -
The dimensionality of disclosure of HIV status amongst post-partum women in Cape Town, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jo Hunter-Adams --- Health Economics Unit, Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Allison Zerbe --- ICAP, USA Tamsin Philips --- Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Research, Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Zanele Rini --- Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Research, Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Landon Myer --- Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Research, Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Greg Petro --- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, South Africa Elaine Abrams --- ICAP, Mailman School of Public Health and College of Physicians and Surgeons, USADisclosure of HIV status to sexual partners and others has been presented as positive health behaviour and is widely encouraged by antiretroviral treatment (ART) programmes, providers and policies. However, disclosure is also highly contextual and its positive effects are not... -
Ecological correlates of multiple sexual partnerships among adolescents and young adults in urban Cape Town: a cumulative risk factor approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Evans Muchiri --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, South Africa Clifford Odimegwu --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, South Africa Pamela Banda --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, South Africa Lorreta Ntoimo --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, South Africa Sunday Adedini --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, South AfricaStudies in South Africa have reported unsafe levels of risky sexual behvaiours among adolescents and young adults, with the country reporting the highest burden of HIV/AIDS globally, as well as a high rate of teenage pregnancy. While determinants of risky... -
A review of interprovincial variations in HIV prevalence rates in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elisa Sibanda --- Department of Development Studies, South Africa Prudence Khumalo --- Department of Public Administration, South AfricaDespite the proven remarkable decline of HIV prevalence in the sub-Saharan Africa region, both sub-regional and within-country disparities in HIV prevalence persist. This paper is a survey of literature on HIV prevalence and spread in Zimbabwe, focusing on provincial differences... -
Partnership duration, concurrency, and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Larry Sawers --- Department of Economics, USA Alan Isaac --- Department of Economics, USAA widely accepted explanation for the exceptionally high HIV prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa is the practice of long-term overlapping heterosexual partnering. This article shows that long-duration concurrent partnering can be protective against HIV transmission rather than promoting it. Monogamous partnering... -
Reticence in disclosure of HIV infection and reasons for bereavement: impact on perinatally infected adolescents’ mental health and understanding of HIV treatment and prevention in Johannesburg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nataly Woollett --- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, South Africa Vivian Black --- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Lucie Cluver --- Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, UK Heena Brahmbhatt --- Department of Population, Reproductive and Family Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, USASurvival rates of perinatally infected HIV-positive adolescents (PIA) are increasing in sub-Saharan Africa. There is a gap in understanding how disclosure and bereavement have an impact on PIA beliefs and understanding of their HIV infection and its management. In-depth interviews... -
HIV risk perception and consistency in condom use among adolescents and young adults in urban Cape Town, South Africa: a cumulative risk analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Evans Muchiri --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, South Africa Clifford Odimegwu --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, South Africa Nicole De Wet --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, South AfricaBackground: The relationship between HIV risk perception and consistency in the use of condoms is scarcely understood in the context of a high HIV prevalence among adolescents and young adults in urban South Africa. Methods: Using data from Cape Area... -
Child deaths at National District Hospital, Free State: one a month is better than one a week
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: H Brits --- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, South AfricaBackground: The United Nations set a two-thirds reduction in child mortality between 1990 and 2015 in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of 2000. The National Department of Health (NDoH) introduced strategies to achieve these MDGs, which included new vaccines, better... -
Fear of stigma, beliefs, and knowledge about HIV are barriers to early access to HIV testing and disclosure for perinatally infected children and adolescents in rural communities in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Sphiwe Madiba --- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, South Africa Mathildah Mokgatle --- Department of Biostatistics, South AfricaBackground: The majority of HIV-infected children in resource-limited countries are not aware of their HIV status because of the various reasons responsible for the delay in seeking HIV testing for children. The aim of the study was to determine the... -
“Dying to be women”: explorations and implications of narrative parameters of female youth sexuality in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ngonidzashe Muwonwa --- Theatre Arts, ZimbabweThis article considers how socio-cultural ideologies and practices can act as social technologies that help produce specific sexual practices and identities in young women. It identifies young women's libidinal economics as one contributing factor responsible for prescriptive gender roles in... -
Delivering culturally sensitive, sexual health education in western Kenya: a phenomenological case study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gary Lacey --- Independent Researcher, AustraliaWhile generic programmes have been created to raise sexual health awareness, these cannot always be applied to communities whose cultures and circumstances make them especially vulnerable to infection. Taking a phenomenological approach, this paper examines the circumstances of the Gusii... -
Behavioural interventions promoting condom use among female sex workers in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Uchenna O Okafor --- Department of Health Promotion, the Netherlands Rik Crutzen --- Department of Health Promotion, the Netherlands Yauri Aduak --- Research Unit, Society for Family Health, Nigeria Sylvia Adebajo --- HIV/AIDS Unit, Population Council, Nigeria Hubertus W Van den Borne --- Department of Health Promotion, the NetherlandsThe objective of this review was to provide an overview of behavioural interventions promoting condom use amongst female sex workers (FSW) in sub-Saharan Africa. A search of four electronic bibliographic databases from 1990 to September 2016 was carried out. The... -
HIV antiretroviral medication stock-outs in Ghana: contributors and consequences
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rebecca A Poku --- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, USA Adobea Yaa Owusu --- Institute of Statistical, Social, and Economic Research, University of Ghana, Ghana Patricia Dolan Mullen --- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, USA Christine Markham --- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, USA Sheryl A McCurdy --- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, USADrug stock-outs are an unfortunate yet common reality for patients living in low and middle income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where trouble with consistent stock of antiretroviral medications (ARVs) continues. Our study takes a snapshot of this problem in... -
Factors associated with the take-up of voluntary medical male circumcision amongst learners in rural KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gavin George --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Kaymarlin Govender --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Sean Beckett --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Carl Montague --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), South Africa Janet Frohlich --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), South AfricaVoluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is an integral part of South Africa’s HIV prevention programme. School-going males, in particular, are considered a cost-effective target population. However, ambitious policy targets have not been achieved due to the plateau in demand for... -
Human immunodeficiency virus-related Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumours: South African experience from Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Sugeshnee Pather --- Division of Anatomical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa Rosalind D. Wainwright --- Haematology and Oncology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, South Africa Faieza Sahid --- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, South Africa Thembi Mashele --- Division of Anatomical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa Eunice J. van den Berg --- Division of Anatomical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa Reena D. Mohanlal --- Division of Anatomical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, South AfricaBackground: Despite the rampant human immunodeficiency (HIV) epidemic in Africa, there is a paucity of published data of HIV-related Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumours (EBV-SMT) from Africa. -
Anaemia in pregnancy in a setting of high HIV prevalence rates
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Kay Tunkyi --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South Africa Jagidesa Moodley --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South AfricaBackground: Although there is much literature on anaemia in pregnancy, there are limited data on anaemia specific to HIV in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anaemia among HIV-infected antenatal attendees at their first... -
“I will take ARVs once my body deteriorates”: an analysis of Swazi men’s perceptions and acceptability of Test and Start
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Alfred K Adams --- Amsterdam Institute of Social Science Research, the Netherlands Agostino M Zamberia --- Department of Sociology and Social Work, SwazilandSwaziland has the highest HIV prevalence in the world. To mitigate the spread and devastation caused by HIV and to improve the wellbeing of people living with HIV, the country has adopted the latest available HIV prevention campaigns, including “Test... -
A qualitative analysis of the barriers to antiretroviral therapy initiation among children 2 to 18 months of age in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Charisse V Ahmed --- Department of Epidemiology, USA Pauline Jolly --- Department of Epidemiology, USA Luz Padilla --- Department of Epidemiology, USA Musa Malinga --- Lusweti Institute for Health Development Communication, Kingdom of Swaziland Chantal Harris --- Department of Epidemiology, USA Nobuhle Mthethwa --- Swaziland National AIDS Program, Kingdom of Swaziland Inessa Ba --- Clinton Health Access Initiative, Kingdom of Swaziland Amy Styles --- Clinton Health Access Initiative, Kingdom of Swaziland Sarah Perry --- Baylor International Pediatric AIDS Initiative, Kingdom of Swaziland Raina Brooks --- Department of Epidemiology, USA Florence Naluyinda-Kitabire --- United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Kingdom of Swaziland Makhosini Mamba --- United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Kingdom of Swaziland Peter Preko --- President Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, Kingdom of SwazilandHIV/AIDS remains one of the leading causes of death among children under 5 years old in Swaziland. Although studies have shown that early initiation of infants and children diagnosed with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduces mortality, many children... -
Legal responses to HIV and AIDS: lessons from Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Musa N Shongwe --- University of Swaziland, SwazilandSince 1999, the HIV and AIDS epidemic in Swaziland has been declared a national disaster, and today HIV and AIDS still pose a great threat to the survival and development of Swaziland and its people. The impact of the pandemic... -
Predictors of survival among HIV-positive children on ART in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Patrick Shabangu --- Institute for Health Measurement, Swaziland Andy Beke --- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Samuel Manda --- South African Medical Research Council, Biostatics Unit, South Africa Nobuhle Mthethwa --- National Pediatric HIV Care & Treatment Office for Swaziland National AIDS Programme,The objective of the study was to determine predictors of survival among HIV-positive children (<15 years) in Swaziland. A retrospective cohort analysis of medical records for 4 167 children living with HIV who were initiated on antiretroviral therapy (ART) between... -
Preoperative predictors of thrombocytopenia in Caesarean delivery: is routine platelet count testing necessary?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: Lulama Nkomentaba --- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, Discipline of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, South Africa David G Bishop --- Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthetics, South Africa Reitze N Rodseth --- Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthetics, South AfricaBackground: Peri-partum thrombocytopenia significantly impacts anaesthetic technique and increases the risk of perioperative bleeding. However, as less than 5% of normal pregnancies have significant thrombocytopenia, routine platelet testing incurs great cost for a relatively low yield. Determining whether clinical predictors,... -
Daily life with early orphanhood from HIV/AIDS: An exploratory study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Asamenew Demessie Bireda --- Faculty of Education, South Africa Jace Pillay --- South African Research Chair: Education and Care in Childhood, Faculty of Education, South AfricaThis study explored the everyday lived life by South African early adolescents orphaned by HIV/AIDS. Informants were ten early adolescents (age range 12 to 14 years; females = 6; males = 4) from a low socioeconomic status neighbourhood of Johannesburg. The adolescents completed autobiographical... -
Diagnostic and mortality outcomes in a cohort of adult meningitis suspects in KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Onke Nonkala --- Department of Internal Medicine, South Africa Colleen Aldous --- School of Clinical Medicine, South Africa Douglas Wilson --- Department of Internal Medicine, South AfricaBackground: The clinical value of lumbar puncture (LP) in settings with a high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence has not been well defined. -
Trends in diagnostic techniques and factors associated with tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Lesotho, 2010–2015
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Eltony Mugomeri --- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Lesotho Bisrat S Bekele --- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Lesotho Charles Maibvise --- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Swaziland Clemence Tarirai --- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South AfricaTuberculosis is a global public health problem. Lesotho, a sub-Saharan country with high HIV and tuberculosis burden, launched the Three I’s programme of the World Health Organization in 2013. However, the outcomes of this intervention are scarcely known. This study... -
‘Treating a patient should be approached in a holistic manner’: collaboration of doctors and physiotherapists in the rehabilitation of people living with HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Stacy Maddocks --- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Verusia Chetty --- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Arishna Maghoo --- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Nkuleleko Mhlongo --- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Nsindiso Mthembu --- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Sinempilo Khanyile --- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Siphokazi Chiliza --- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Tyrel Munsamy --- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Zanele Gamede --- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Slindile Mazibukoc --- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, South AfricaPeople living with HIV facing impairments and subsequent disabilities related to the virus and its treatment require involvement of a collaborative team of healthcare professionals to ensure reintegration into daily life and community living. Healthcare teams responsible for this care... -
Factors associated with delivering premature and/or low birth weight infants among pregnant HIV-positive women on antiretroviral treatment at Dr George Mukhari Hospital, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: NN Gibango --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, South Africa S Mda --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, South Africa TS Ntuli --- Department of Public Health, South AfricaBackground: Prematurity and low birthweight (LBW) deliveries amongst pregnant women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain a challenge worldwide. The association between prematurity, LBW and antiretroviral therapy (ART) or prophylactic antiretroviral drug (ARV) exposure in pregnancy is unclear... -
HIV-1 RNA testing of pooled dried blood spots is feasible to diagnose acute HIV infection in resource limited settings
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Wentzel Dowling --- Division of Medical Virology, South Africa Kirsten Veldsman --- Division of Medical Virology, South Africa Mary Grace Katusiime --- Division of Medical Virology, South Africa Jean Maritz --- Division of Medical Virology, South Africa Peter Bock --- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, South Africa Sue-Ann Meehan --- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, South Africa Marije Van Schalkwyk --- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, South Africa Mark F Cotton --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, South Africa Wolfgang Preiser --- Division of Medical Virology, South Africa Gert U Van Zyl --- Division of Medical Virology, South AfricaObjectives: Rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody tests, routinely used for diagnosis in adults and older children in resource-limited settings (RLS), do not detect early HIV infections prior to seroconversion or when antibody levels are still low. Nucleic acid amplification... -
Incursions from the epicentre: Southern theory, social science, and the global HIV research domain
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rebecca Hodes --- AIDS and Society Research Unit, South Africa Robert Morrell --- Office of the Vice-Chancellor, South AfricaResearch about HIV constitutes a global domain of academic knowledge. The patterns that structure this domain reflect inequalities in the production and dissemination of knowledge, as well as broader inequalities in geopolitics. Conventional metrics for assessing the value and impact... -
Exploring dual disclosures for men who have sex with men in Mpumalanga, South Africa: a report from the field
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Joseph Daniels --- Lehman College, USA Tim Lane --- University of California San Francisco, USA Kabelo Maleke --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa Wini Mogos --- University of California Irvine, USA Ryan Assaf --- University of California Irvine, USA Helen Struthers --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa James McIntyre --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa Tom Coates --- University of California Los Angeles, USAWe explored to whom rural men who have sex with men (MSM) disclose their sexual identity and HIV status in Mpumalanga, South Africa. Participants were recruited using a modified snowball sampling method in order to complete a questionnaire. Descriptive and... -
Structural barriers to South African volunteer home-based caregivers providing quality care: the need for a policy for caregivers not affiliated to primary healthcare clinics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: David Morton --- Department of Nursing Science, South Africa Thoko Mayekiso --- Vice Chancellor’s Office, South Africa Peter Cunningham --- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, South AfricaCommunity home-based care (CHBC) is a critical component of non-formal care in communities in Africa that have a high prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis (TB). Community carers consisting primarily of volunteers are critical role players in African healthcare systems and... -
The role of community health workers in supporting South Africa’s HIV/ AIDS treatment programme
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Shauna Mottiar --- Development Studies, South Africa Tom Lodge --- Development Studies, South AfricaCommunity health workers deployed around South Africa’s primary health care clinics, supply indispensable support for the world’s largest HIV/AIDS treatment programme. Interviews with these workers illuminated the contribution they make to anti-retroviral treatment (ART) of HIV/AIDS patients and the motivations... -
Estimating risk factors for HIV infection among women in Mozambique using population-based survey data
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sara S Dias --- EpiDoC Unit, Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas da NOVA Medical School, Portugal Francisco Mbofana --- Ministry of Health, Mozambique Sheyla R Cassy --- Departamento de Matemática e Informática, Faculdade de Ciências, Mozambique Sónia Dias --- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Portugal Gonçalo F Augusto --- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Portugal Victor Agadjanian --- Center of Population Dynamics, USA Maria R O Martins --- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, PortugalThe use of population-based survey data together with sound statistical methods can enhance better estimation of HIV risk factors and explain variations across subgroups of the population. The distribution and determinants of HIV infection in populations must be taken into... -
Teenage pregnancies in Mozambique: the experience of “Servicios Amigos dos Adolescentes” clinics in Beira
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Damiano Pizzol --- Operational Research Unit, Italy Francesco Di Gennaro --- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Italy Chiara Boscardin --- Department of Woman’s and Child’s Health, Italy Giovanni Putoto --- Operational Research Unit, Italy Elena Cuppini --- District Health Department, Mozambique Graciana Pita --- Department of Woman’s and Child’s Health, Italy Alexandra George --- District Health Department, Mozambique Laura Monno --- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Italy Annalisa Saracino --- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Italy Liviana Da Dalt --- Department of Woman’s and Child’s Health, Italy Angela De Palma --- Section of Thoracic Surgery, ItalyThe purpose of this article is to provide insights into the demand for pregnancy-related health services by adolescent girls and young women in Mozambique. We analysed the patient registers for the first year of operation (2014) of the Servicios Amigos... -
Managing HIV-positive sero-status in Ghana’s most HIV concentrated district: self-perceived explanations and theoretical discourse
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Adobea Y Owusu --- Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER), Ghana Amos Laar --- Department of Family and Population Health, School of Public Health, GhanaAs of December 2015 there were 37 million persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs), 70% of whom are in sub-Saharan Africa. Ghana, which contributes a relatively small number to Africa’s HIV burden, has a generalised HIV epidemic. The current national prevalence... -
Carbohydrate-derived fulvic acid wellness drink: its tolerability, safety and effect on disease markers in pre-ART HIV-1 positive subjects
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: ME Botes --- Department of Internal Medicine, South Africa IS Gilada --- Private practice, India JR Snyman --- Consultant Fulhold (Pty) Ltd, South Africa JPL Labuschagne --- Private Statistician, South AfricaBackground: Many people take wellness drinks on a daily basis to enhance physical and emotional well-being. The safety and/or efficacy of these are not always known or even established in the populations likely to consume these. The safety, tolerability and... -
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the setting of HIV hyperendemicity at a tertiary hospital in Durban, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: S Gounden --- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, South Africa R Perumal --- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, South Africa NP Magula --- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, South AfricaBackground: South Africa has the highest burden of tuberculosis/human immunodeficiency virus (TB/HIV) co-infection in the world, with the province of KwaZulu-Natal representing the global epicentre of TB/HIV. While significant progress has been made to improve the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis,... -
Women’s breast-feeding meanings in the context of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Petro van der Merwe --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Mapula Mojapelo-Batka --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaThis study explored infant feeding practice meanings of HIV-positive mothers. Informants were eight black South African mothers (age range 18–29 years) enrolled in a mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) prevention programme. In-depth interviews on factors that influence exclusive breast-feeding were conducted with... -
Perceived HIV-related stigma among university students in South Africa: implications for HIV testing
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Firoza Haffejee --- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Brendan Maughan-Brown --- Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, South Africa Thulasizwe Buthelezi --- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Ayesha B M Kharsany --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaHIV-related stigma, and particularly perceived stigma, has a negative impact across the HIV care continuum. This study adds to our understanding of stigma by assessing how perceived stigma varies from one context to another and how such differences are associated... -
Programmatic mapping to determine the size and dynamics of sex work and injecting drug use in Mauritius
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Amita Pathack --- National AIDS Secretariat, Mauritius Ahmed Saumtally --- National AIDS Secretariat, Mauritius Sarah Soobhany --- National AIDS Secretariat, Mauritius Carly A Comins --- National AIDS Secretariat, Mauritius Said A H Kinoo --- National AIDS Secretariat, Mauritius Faran Emmanuel --- Centre for Global Public Health, CanadaHIV in Mauritius is in a concentrated phase. Most HIV infection is among key populations (KPs) including female sex workers (FSW), people who inject drugs (PWID), men who have sex with men (MSM), and transgender sex workers (TGSW). The objective... -
Healthcare providers’ understanding of HIV serodiscordance in South Africa and Uganda: implications for HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ross Greener --- MatCH Research (Maternal, Adolescent, and Child Health Research) Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Cecilia Milford --- MatCH Research (Maternal, Adolescent, and Child Health Research) Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Francis Bajunirwe --- Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda Faith N Mosery --- MatCH Research (Maternal, Adolescent, and Child Health Research) Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Claudia K Ng --- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA Rachel Rifkin --- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Global Health and Division of Infectious Disease, USA Jasmine Kastner --- McGill University Research Centre, Canada Lavanya Pillay --- MatCH Research (Maternal, Adolescent, and Child Health Research) Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Angela Kaida --- Simon Fraser University, Canada David R Bangsberg --- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Global Health and Division of Infectious Disease, USA Jennifer A Smit --- MatCH Research (Maternal, Adolescent, and Child Health Research) Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Lynn T Matthews --- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Global Health and Division of Infectious Disease, USAHIV transmission within stable heterosexual HIV serodiscordant couples accounts for almost half the new incident infections in South Africa and Uganda. Advances in HIV prevention provide opportunities to reduce transmission risk within serodiscordant partnerships (e.g., antiretroviral treatment (ART), pre-exposure prophylaxis... -
Physical activity, social support and socio-economic status amongst persons living with HIV and AIDS: a review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Smart Z Mabweazara --- Department of Sport Recreation and Exercise Science, South Africa Clemens Ley --- Institute of Sport Science, Austria Lloyd L Leach --- Department of Sport Recreation and Exercise Science, South AfricaPhysical activity can be used for the effective and comprehensive management of HIV and AIDS. Social support and socio-economic status (SES) are two factors that shape physical activity behaviours. Individuals of low SES carry a disproportionate burden of the HIV... -
Promoting mental health of students living with HIV using appreciative inquiry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Teolene Diedricks --- Department of Educational Psychology, South Africa Christoffel Myburgh --- Department of Educational Psychology, South Africa Marie Poggenpoel --- Department of Educational Psychology, South AfricaLiving with HIV poses many challenges. This is especially true for students living with HIV (SLHIV) within a university setting. The challenges faced by SLHIV makes it difficult for them to see new possibilities in living with the virus. The... -
Provider understandings of and attitudes towards integration: Implementing an HIV and sexual and reproductive health service integration model, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Cecilia Milford --- MatCH Research Unit (MRU), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Letitia Rambally Greener --- MatCH Research Unit (MRU), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Mags Beksinska --- MatCH Research Unit (MRU), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Ross Greener --- MatCH Research Unit (MRU), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Zonke Mabude --- MatCH Research Unit (MRU), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Jenni Smit --- MatCH Research Unit (MRU), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South AfricaIn South Africa, a lack of integration between sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and HIV services has led to lost opportunities in the treatment cascade. In a context of high HIV, tuberculosis (TB) and unplanned pregnancies, a model for integrating... -
Barriers to antiretroviral therapy initiation for HIV-positive children aged 2–18 months in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Pauline Jolly --- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, USA Luz A Padilla --- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, USA Charisse Ahmed --- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, USA Chantal Harris --- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, USA Nobuhle Mthethwa --- Swaziland National AIDS Programme, National Pediatric HIV Care & Treatment Office, Swaziland Megha Jha --- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, USA Inessa Ba --- Clinton Health Access Initiative, Swaziland Amy Styles --- Eureka Idea Company, Australia Sarah P Hope --- Baylor International Pediatric AIDS Initiative, Swaziland Raina Brooks --- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, USA Florence Naluyinda-Kitabire --- United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Swaziland Makhosini Mamba --- United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Swaziland Peter Preko --- President Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), SwazilandAlthough early antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces HIV-related mortality in children by up to 75%, almost half of HIV-positive children younger than 1 year old in Swaziland do not initiate ART. This study was conducted to identify barriers to early ART... -
Obesity and HIV: a compounding problem
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Chara Biggs --- Discipline of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, South Africa Elizabeth Spooner --- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, South AfricaObjectives: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at Lancers Road Clinic, Durban, South Africa to determine body composition, haemoglobin, serum albumin and serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in asymptomatic ART-naive HIV positive adults. -
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of doctors at Jubilee Hospital, Tshwane District, regarding the syndromic management guidelines for sexually transmitted infections
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Charles Uchenna --- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa Indiran Govender --- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South AfricaBackground: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a public health problem globally, but especially so in sub-Saharan Africa. They contribute significantly to the burden of disease in South Africa and are recognised as major contributors to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)... -
Sexual risk behaviour among HIV-infected women in the first twelve months after delivery in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, South Africa Geoffrey Setswe --- HIV/AIDS Management, South Africa Gladys Matseke --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, South Africa Shandir Ramlagan --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, South Africa Stephen M. Weiss --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, USA Violeta J. Rodriguez --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, USA Sibusiso Sifunda --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, South Africa Ryan Cook --- Department of Epidemiology, USA Tae Kyoung Lee --- Department of Public Health Sciences, USA Deborah Jones --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, USAThis study aimed to assess sexual risk behaviour and its social correlates in HIV-infected women living in rural South Africa at six and twelve months post-partum. Participants were 699 HIV-positive women recruited prenatally by systematic sampling from twelve community health... -
“Treatment is not yet necessary”: delays in seeking access to HIV treatment in Uganda and Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rachel Kawuma --- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM), Uganda Janet Seeley --- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM), Uganda Zivai Mupambireyi --- Centre for Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Research, Zimbabwe Frances Cowan --- International Public Health Department, UK Sarah Bernays --- School of Public Health, Australia --- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM), UgandaWe examined the logic that individuals use to account for delaying HIV testing and/or initiating HIV treatment. Our qualitative study, situated within the REALITY trial (Reduction of EArly mortaLITY in HIV infected adults and children starting antiretroviral therapy), was conducted... -
Mother–baby dyads enrolled in PMTCT care in western Kenya: characteristics and implications for ART programmes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Edith A Ogalo --- Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya Japheth O Adina --- Academic Model Providing Access to Health Care (AMPATH)-USAID, Kenya Hesbon Ooko --- Academic Model Providing Access to Health Care (AMPATH)-USAID, Kenya James Batuka --- US Agency for International Development (USAID), Kenya Sylvester Kimaiyo --- Academic Model Providing Access to Health Care (AMPATH)-USAID, KenyaThe objective of the study was to establish the mother–baby pair characteristics that contribute to vertical transmission of HIV and elucidate on remediation. We assessed for factors increasing the odds of HIV transmission in children born to HIV-infected mothers in... -
Tablet-based disclosure counselling for HIV-infected children, adolescents, and their caregivers: a pilot study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Megan S McHenry --- Indiana University School of Medicine, USA Edith Apondi --- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Kenya Carole I McAteer --- Indiana University School of Medicine, USA Winstone M Nyandiko --- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Kenya Lydia J Fischer --- Indiana University School of Medicine, USA Ananda R Ombitsa --- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Kenya Josephine Aluoch --- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Kenya Michael L Scanlon --- Indiana University School of Medicine, USA Rachel C Vreeman --- Indiana University School of Medicine, USABackground: Overwhelmed, under-trained medical staff working in resource-limited settings need efficient resources for HIV disclosure counselling. The objective of this study was to describe providers’ experiences using tablet computers for disclosure-related counselling with HIV-infected children and their caregivers in western... -
Prevalence of HIV and other infections and injection behaviours among people who inject drugs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Minilik Demissie --- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Ethiopia Lisa G. Johnston --- United Nations Office on Drug and Crime, USA Mekonnen Muleta --- United Nations Office on Drug and Crime, USA Dires Desyebelew --- United Nations Office on Drug and Crime, USA Wudinesh Belete --- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Ethiopia Atsbeha G/Egxiabehre --- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Ethiopia Nigussie Gezahegn --- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Ethiopia Desta Kassa --- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Ethiopia Yibeltal Aseffa --- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, EthiopiaBackground: Ethiopia is one of the sub-Saharan African countries most affected by HIV/AIDS. However, the country lacks data describing the extent of the epidemic among people who inject drugs (PWID). Thus, a bio-behavioural study was conducted in 2015 to generate... -
An assessment of antiretroviral drug initiation to pregnant women of unknown HIV status during labour and delivery in Cameroon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anastasia Yenban Bongajum --- Ministry of Public Health, Cameroon Divine Mbiydzenyuy Dufe --- Merck Animal Health, The Netherlands Paul Théodore Biyaga Tjek --- Ministry of Public Health, Cameroon Daniel Ter Goon --- Department of Nursing Sciences, Céline Nguefeu Nkenfou --- “Chantal Biya” Reference Centre for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management, Cameroon Julius Mbekem Nwobegahay --- Cameroon Military Health Research Center (CRESAR), Cameroon Robinson Mbu --- Department of Family Health, Ministry of Public Health, CameroonBackground: Evidence from previous research has shown that antiretroviral (ARV) drug initiation to seropositive pregnant women could significantly contribute to eliminating new paediatric infections even when started during labour and delivery. This study therefore seeks to assess missed opportunities for... -
Courage and confidence to stop lying: caregiver perspectives on a video to support paediatric HIV disclosure in Kampala, Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sonja Klingberg --- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit & UK Clinical Research Collaboration Centre for Diet and Activity Research, United Kingdom Rachel King --- Global Health Sciences, Uganda Janet Seeley --- Department of Global Health and Development, United Kingdom Resty Lubwama --- Makerere University–Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, Uganda Margaret Namuganga --- Makerere University–Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, Uganda Barbara Nabiryo --- Makerere University–Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, Uganda Monica Etima --- Makerere University–Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, Uganda Philippa Musoke --- Makerere University–Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, Uganda Lisa M. Butler --- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention and Policy, ConnecticutThe World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that HIV-positive children are told their diagnosis by age 12 years. However, most perinatally-infected children reach adolescence without being told their HIV status. Effective strategies are needed to promote disclosure, and optimise children’s health... -
The relationship between social support and anxiety amongst children living with HIV in rural northern Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Fred Besthorn --- Wichita State University, USA Eveline N Kalomo --- Wichita State University, USA Elizabeth Lightfoot --- University of Minnesota, USA Minli Liao --- Morgan State University, USAThis study examined how HIV-related stigma and social support are related to anxiety among children living with HIV in rural northern Namibia. This is a cross-sectional exploratory study with a sample of 132 caregiver–child dyads. Our study found that higher... -
Multisectoral (in)action: towards effective mainstreaming of HIV in public sector departments in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Pinky Mahlangu --- Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Jo Vearey --- African Centre for Migration & Society, School of Social Sciences, South Africa Jane Goudge --- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, South AfricaWhilst progress has been made, evidence of effective approaches to improve action on addressing the social and structural drivers of the HIV epidemic remains a priority, to meet the 2030 sustainable development agenda, and to achieve key HIV targets, including... -
Socio-demographic, marital and psychosocial predictors of safe sex behaviour among Mozambican women at risk for HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ana Luísa Patrão --- Institute of Collective Health, Brazil Teresa McIntyre --- School of Social Work, USAHeterosexual encounters remain the primary route for HIV transmission in Africa. Safer sex behaviour is not adopted by many women due to several social and psychological factors. This paper aims to identify socio-demographic, marital and psychosocial predictors associated with current... -
Evaluation of nutrition care to adult patients on HAART attending primary healthcare facilities in Mpumalanga
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: JF Schiever --- Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, South Africa J Visser --- Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, South Africa M van der Merwe --- Nutrition Sub-Directorate, Department of Health, South Africa DG Nel --- Centre for Statistical Consultation, South AfricaObjectives: This study aimed to evaluate nutrition care and nursing professional knowledge received by adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy attending primary health care (PHC) facilities -
HIV prevalence and related behaviours of older people in Botswana — secondary analysis of the Botswana AIDS Impact Survey (BAIS) IV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kabo Matlho --- School of Public Health, Australia Madeleine Randell --- School of Public Health, Australia Refelwetswe Lebelonyane --- Ministry of Health, Botswana Joseph Kefas --- National AIDS Coordinating Agency, Botswana Tim Driscoll --- School of Public Health, Australia Joel Negin --- School of Public Health, AustraliaThe focus of HIV interventions in Botswana, a country with the second highest prevalence of HIV in the world, remains targeted at those aged 15–49 years despite a growing cohort of older people living with the disease — driven largely... -
Determinants of risky sexual behaviours among adolescents in Central African Republic, Eswatini and Ghana: evidence from multi-indicator cluster surveys
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Joseph Kangmennaang --- Department of Geography and Environment, Canada Paul Mkandawire --- Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Human Rights Program, Carleton University, Canada Isaac Luginaah --- Department of Geography, CanadaDespite the declining HIV/AIDS prevalence globally, nearly half of all new HIV infections still occur among youth, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. While determinants of risky sexual behaviour have received copious attention in the literature, we still lack multi-country studies that... -
Factors associated with adherence to ARV treatment in people living with HIV/AIDS in a rural area (Koula-Moutou) in East Gabon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Arnaud Mongo-Delis --- HIV/AIDS Outpatient Treatment Centre of Koula-Moutou, Gabon Landry E Mombo --- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Gabon Patrick Mickala --- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Gabon Wenceslas Bouassa --- HIV/AIDS Outpatient Treatment Centre of Koula-Moutou, Gabon Wilfried S Bouedy --- HIV/AIDS Outpatient Treatment Centre of Koula-Moutou, Gabon Bertrand M’batchi --- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Gabon Cyrille Bisseye --- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, GabonThe goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of socio-clinical factors on adherence to antiretroviral treatment in people living with HIV/AIDS in Koula-Moutou (a rural area of Gabon). Two adherence assessment methods based on patient declaration and compliance... -
Association between HIV/AIDS knowledge and stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sandra B Letshwenyo-Maruatona --- Institute of Health Sciences-Gaborone, Botswana Montlenyane Madisa --- Botswana College of Distance and Open Learning, Botswana Thokgamo Boitshwarelo --- Institute of Health Sciences-Gaborone, Botswana Botho George-Kefilwe --- Institute of Health Sciences-Gaborone, Botswana Caroline Kingori --- Department of Social and Public Health, USA Gillian Ice --- Department of Social Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and College of Health Sciences and Professions, USA Joseph A Bianco --- Department of Social Medicine, USA Marape Marape --- Marape & Marape Family Medical and Public Health Clinic, Botswana Zelalem T Haile --- Department of Social Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, USAIn Botswana, an estimated 350 000 people live with HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS testing rates are low, suggesting that many other people remain undiagnosed. Stigma related to HIV/AIDS is prevalent and contributes to low testing rates and under-diagnosis of the virus. Identifying... -
The feasibility of the draw-and-write technique in exploring the resilience of children orphaned by AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nyika Machenjedze --- Save the Children South Africa, South Africa Macalane J Malindi --- School of Psychosocial Education, South Africa Fungai Mbengo --- School of Nursing and Midwifery,Worldwide, researchers routinely study children indirectly through adults who act as proxies for such children. The call for researchers to rather study children directly and adopt less intrusive child-friendly methodologies has become louder. The draw-and-write technique is regarded as a... -
Informal transit, socio-spatial exclusion, and changing geographies of HIV/AIDS in urban Malawi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Paul Mkandawire --- Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Human Rights Program, Carleton University, Canada Godwin Arku --- Department of Geography, Canada Isaac Luginaah --- Department of Geography, Canada Josephine Etowa --- University of Ottawa School of Nursing, CanadaThe role played by the transport sector in the regional spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa is well known, yet attention has remained confined to entertainment hotspots and stopping places along long-distance highways and cross-border transport corridors. This paper draws... -
Susceptibility to hepatitis B infection, hepatitis B/HIV co-infections and hepatitis B immunity in HIV-positive patients starting HAART in Durban, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: FM Chonco --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa S Rangiah --- Department of Family Medicine, South AfricaBackground: HIV/HBV co-infection remains a global threat to HIV management despite the available effective hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B covering antiretroviral therapy. Many studies done in South Africa and internationally showed high prevalence of HIV/hepatitis B co-infection, which mandated... -
Correlates of perceived HIV-related stigma among HIV-positive pregnant women in rural Mpumalanga province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Shandir Ramlagan --- HIV/Aids, STI and TB Unit, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Sibusiso Sifunda --- HIV/Aids, STI and TB Unit, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Karl Peltzer --- HIV/Aids, STI and TB Unit, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Jenny Jean --- Miller School of Medicine, USA Robert A.C. Ruiter --- Department of Work and Social Psychology, The NetherlandsThe study investigated correlates of perceived HIV-related stigma among 673 HIV-positive women from rural Mpumalanga province, South Africa (mean age 28 years old, SD = 5.73 years). The women completed measures of HIV-related stigma experience and related personal factors. Following... -
Gendered adversity and mental health of adolescents orphaned by AIDS in a rural South African community: An exploratory study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Mokoena P. Maepa --- Clinical Psychology Department, South Africa Oluyinka Ojedokun --- Department of Pure & Applied Psychology, Nigeria Erhabor S. Idemudia --- School of Postgraduate Studies, South Africa Palesa Morubane --- Clinical Psychology Department, Vryburg Hospital, South AfricaThis study explored gender differences in adversity and mental health among South African adolescents orphaned by AIDS. Adolescents (N = 121; females = 45.5%; mean age 14.14 years, SD = 2.09) self-reported their childhood adversities and probable mental ill health... -
Nevirapine in African surface waters induces liver histopathology in Oreochromis mossambicus: A laboratory exposure study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: UMC Nibamureke --- Department of Zoology, South Africa IEJ Barnhoorn --- Department of Zoology, South Africa GM Wagenaar --- Department of Zoology, South AfricaNevirapine (NVP) is one of the HIV antiretrovirals detected recurrently in African surface waters. Liver side effects in humans were reported. Because the effects on fish are unknown, this study investigated the potential effects of NVP on selected biometric indices... -
Cruising queer, old Joburg
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Jonathan Cane --- Wits City Institute, South AfricaThe article presents a queer reflection on the method of Walter Benjamin in Johannesburg, South Africa. Using a critical method of ephemera collection and collage, it offers a layered and provocative map of the city before the end of apartheid... -
Effect of multiple intervention models on uptake of HIV testing services and sexual behaviour among residents of military cantonments in south-east Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Benedict N Azuogu --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Lawrence U Ogbonnaya --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Chukwuma D Umeokonkwo --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Chihurumnanya Alo --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Ngozi A Ifebunandu --- Department of Internal Medicine, Nigeria Christopher N Obionu --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Adaoha P Agu --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Victoria C Azuogu --- Department of Health Education, Nigeria Felix O-O Oyari --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Ijeoma N Okedo-Alex --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Ifenyinwa M Okafor --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Ugochukwu C Madubueze --- Department of Community Medicine, NigeriaBackground: HIV testing and counselling (HTC) has been a viable tool in controlling the spread of HIV/AIDS, and serves as the entry point in the HIV care and treatment cascade. In Africa, HIV-related morbidity and mortality are high with thousands... -
Biomedical healthcare and African traditional healing in the management of HIV and AIDS: complimentary or competing cosmologies?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elvis Mendu --- Department of Social Work, South Africa Eleanor Ross --- Centre for Social Development in Africa, South AfricaIn South Africa, African traditional healers and biomedical practitioners play important roles in the management of HIV and AIDS, but provide healthcare services in isolation of each other, despite legislative recognition of both types of healing. An interpretive, qualitative research... -
Feasibility of HIV self-testing: experiences of people seeking HIV testing in rural and urban KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Charlene Harichund --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, South Africa Pinky Kunene --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, South Africa Mosa Moshabela --- School of Nursing and Public Health, South AfricaHIV status awareness is a rate limiting step in HIV treatment and prevention initiatives aimed at addressing the global HIV epidemic. Uptake of HIV testing remains suboptimal despite global campaigns aimed at improving uptake. HIV self-testing (HIVST) displays the potential... -
Evaluation of the early warning indicators of HIV drug resistance surveillance system in Manicaland province, Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anesu Marume --- Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Zimbabwe Admire Zikiti --- Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Zimbabwe Byron Chapoterera --- Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Zimbabwe Julita Maradzika --- Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, ZimbabweMore than 1.1 million people currently receive lifelong antiretroviral treatment in Zimbabwe following the adoption of the test and treat strategy in 2017. The huge numbers of people on antiretroviral therapy (ART), combined with HIV’s error-prone replication, increases the probability... -
Developing governance models and funding mechanisms of state–civil society partnerships for HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention based on lessons from Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Martin Hushie --- Department of Behavioural Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, GhanaThe contribution of civil society organisations (CSOs) to national HIV/AIDS responses in sub-Saharan African countries, with Global Health Initiatives’ (GHIs) funding channelled through National AIDS Commissions (NACs), is well researched. Less well understood are the governance models and funding mechanisms... -
Perceptions of school principals and experiences of disclosure of teachers living with HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Zvisinei Moyo --- Department of Educational Leadership and Management, South Africa Juliet Perumal --- Department of Educational Leadership and Management, South AfricaThe aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of school principals and the experiences of disclosure amongst teachers living with HIV. Due to HIV/AIDS-related stigma being prevalent in many societies today, many infected people would rather not disclose... -
Constructions of sexuality and HIV risk among young people in Venda, South Africa: implications for HIV prevention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Veronica Sivhabu --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Maretha Visser --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaThe study explored constructions of sexuality among young people of Venda in Limpopo, South Africa, and cultural practices that can be used to develop context-specific HIV prevention programmes. HIV prevention can be promoted by including some cultural practices in prevention... -
A review of the management and outcome of patients admitted with cryptococcal meningitis at a regional hospital in KwaZulu-Natal province
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Andrew J Ross --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa Egide Ndayishimiye --- Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, Master of Public Health (MPH), South AfricaBackground: South Africa has 7.06 million people who are HIV-positive, with those having a low CD4 count being susceptible to cryptococcal meningitis (CCM), which has an estimated mortality of 30–50%. This study aimed to establish the outcome of patients admitted... -
Perceptions and attitudes towards acceptability of HIV self-testing among female sex workers in Selibe Phikwe, Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Onkgopotse Kgomotso Oduetse --- Ministry of Health and Wellness, Botswana Bonaparte Nkomo --- Ministry of Health and Wellness, Botswana Nokuthula Majingo --- Ministry of Health and Wellness, Botswana Yohana Mashalla --- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Botswana Ester Seloilwe --- School of Nursing, BotswanaBackground: Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 71% of the global burden of HIV infection. For the general population of Botswana, the estimated HIV prevalence is 18.5%; for female sex workers it is 61.9%. This study explored and documented female sex workers’... -
Obligations of motherhood in shaping sex work, condom use, and HIV care among Swazi female sex workers living with HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lauren Parmley --- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA Rebecca Fielding-Miller --- Center on Gender Equity and Health, Division of Global Public Health, USA Zandile Mnisi --- Health Research Department, Strategic Information Division, Ministry of Health eSwatini, eSwatini Caitlin E Kennedy --- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USAParental obligations influence sexual behaviour among female sex workers (FSW) and may serve as a risk or protective factor for HIV acquisition. How these obligations affect behaviours beyond HIV prevention, including HIV care, is understudied. We analysed 25 interviews conducted... -
Do challenges still exist amongst HIV/AIDS patients in managing their condition? A cross-sectional study of 297 participants in the Ethekwini Metro of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Panjasaram Naidoo --- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Rayanta Premdutt --- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, South AfricaBackground: South Africa has the largest HIV/AIDS epidemic globally and the largest anti-retroviral treatment (ART) programme in the world, yet HIV incidence is still chronically high in South Africa, especially in KwaZulu-Natal province (KZN). In light of this, a study... -
Sex work among female workers in the traditional mining sector in Mali – results from the ANRS-12339 Sanu Gundo cross-sectional study in 2015
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Cheick Haïballa Kounta --- Aix Marseille University, France Luis Sagaon-Teyssier --- Aix Marseille University, France Hubert Balique --- Aix Marseille University, France Fodié Diallo --- ARCAD Sida, Mali Nikos Kalampalikis --- University Lyon 2, France Marion Mora --- Aix Marseille University, France Michel Bourrelly --- Aix Marseille University, France Marie Suzan-Monti --- Aix Marseille University, France Bruno Spire --- Aix Marseille University, France Bintou Dembélé Keita --- ARCAD Sida, MaliFemale sex workers (FSW) in mining sites are considered to be at very high risk of HIV infection. We aimed to characterize FSW at the Kôkôyô artisanal gold mining site in Mali, and identify factors associated with sex work using... -
Social networks, gender and HIV within marriages in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Roseanne Njiru --- Department of Sociology and Social Work, KenyaGender inequalities drive the HIV risk within marriages in Kenya, yet strategies to combat the spread of HIV are limited by their emphasis on the individual or dyadic relationship rather than the wider social-cultural relations that shape gender relations within... -
Differences between bone mineral density, lean and fat mass of HIV-positive and HIV-negative black women
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: C Ellis --- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, South Africa HS Kruger --- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, South Africa P Ukegbu --- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, South Africa IM Kruger --- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, South Africa M Viljoen --- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, South Africa MC Kruger --- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, New ZealandObjectives: To investigate the differences between bone mineral density (BMD), lean and fat mass of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-) positive and HIV-negative black women and to investigate factors associated with low BMD. -
Integrating services for impact and sustainability: a proof-of-concept project in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: J Lyn Haskins --- Centre for Rural Health, South Africa Sifiso A Phakathi --- Centre for Rural Health, South Africa Merridy Grant --- Centre for Rural Health, South Africa Christiane M Horwood --- Centre for Rural Health, South AfricaBackground: Integration of services in primary health care settings can provide mother/baby pairs with all required services at one visit. This study aimed to evaluate a proof of concept, quality improvement (QI) intervention to strengthen well-child service provision and integration... -
Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in South African women living with HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: S Hanley --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Umlazi Clinical Research Site, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, South AfricaThe colliding epidemics of HIV and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are of great public health concern. People living with HIV (PLHIV) are more predisposed to CVD development as a result of a multitude of contributors. Women living with HIV (WLHIV) appear... -
Profile of adult patients admitted with drug-induced liver injury at a district hospital in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: K Naicker --- Department of Family Medicine, Durban S Rangiah --- Department of Family Medicine, DurbanBackground: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can be prevented if diagnosed and treated timeously. The identification and primary prevention of DILI risk factors presents the rational means of reducing hospital costs and mortality. -
Gestational trophoblastic disease managed at Grey's Tertiary Hospital: a five-year descriptive study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: Bongumusa S Makhathini --- Grey’s Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Greta Dreyer --- Gynaecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South Africa Eckhart J Buchmann --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South AfricaBackground: A study was undertaken to describe the outcomes of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and to determine the influence of antecedent pregnancy, the distance travelled by patients to Grey's Hospital (GH), and HIV status on the disease and clinical outcomes. -
HIV treatment support services in Tanzania: a cost and efficiency analysis at facility and community levels
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Steven Forsythe --- Avenir Health, United States of America Bryant Lee --- Palladium Group Inc., United States of America Kuki Tarimo --- Palladium Group Inc., United States of America Boniface Silvan --- Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Tanzania Marianna Balampama --- Palladium Group Inc., United States of America Julie Chitty --- Palladium Group Inc., United States of America Sara Bowsky --- Palladium Group Inc., United States of AmericaDifferentiated service delivery models provide an opportunity to reduce the cost of HIV treatment while increasing the focus on advanced patients. Also, stable patients who need less attention can visit facilities less frequently, saving time and money and reducing overcrowding... -
The state of costing research for HIV interventions in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Drew B Cameron --- Health Policy and Management, USA Mohamed Mustafa Diab --- Institute for Health Policy Studies, USA Lauren N Carroll --- Institute for Health Policy Studies, USA Lori A Bollinger --- Avenir Health, USA Willyanne DeCormier Plosky --- Avenir Health, USA Carol Levin --- Department of Global Health, USA Benjamin Herzel --- Institute for Health Policy Studies, USA Elliot Marseille --- Health Strategies International, USA Lily Alexander --- Department of Global Health, USA Sergio Bautista-Arredondo --- Division of Health Economics and Health Systems Innovations, Mexico Carlos Pineda-Antunez --- Division of Health Economics and Health Systems Innovations, Mexico Diego Cerecero-García --- Division of Health Economics and Health Systems Innovations, Mexico Gabriela B Gomez --- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom William H Dow --- Health Policy and Management, USA James G Kahn --- Institute for Health Policy Studies, USAThe past decade has seen a growing emphasis on the production of high-quality costing data to improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of global health interventions. The need for such data is especially important for decision making and priority setting across... -
Smart cascades: using cost analysis to improve HIV care and treatment interventions to achieve global 95–95–95 goals
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Catherine Barker Cantelmo --- Health Policy Plus Project (HP+), USA Bryant Lee --- Health Policy Plus Project (HP+), USA Arin Dutta --- Health Policy Plus Project (HP+), USABackground: HIV programmes are achieving significant scale, even as external financing plateaus. Maximising achievement from identification to viral suppression is key to epidemic control and reaching global 95-95-95 goals. Cost and technical efficiency analyses can help programs understand why losses... -
Planning and sustaining HIV response in the countries of the “risky middle”
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Alan Whiteside --- Global Health Policy, School of International Policy and Governance, Canada Robert Greener --- Associate, Oxford Policy Management, United Kingdom Iris Semini --- Health Economics, SwitzerlandThis paper focusses on high-HIV middle-income countries termed the “risky middle”, i.e. characterised by a typology based on HIV burden and gross national income (GNI), according to which seven countries — Lesotho, Eswatini, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Namibia and Zambia —... -
Which delivery model innovations can support sustainable HIV treatment?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Caroline A Bulstra --- Erasmus Medical Centre, Department of Public Health, The Netherlands Jan AC Hontelez --- Erasmus Medical Centre, Department of Public Health, The Netherlands Osondu Ogbuoji --- Center for Policy Impact in Global Health, USA Till Bärnighausen --- Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, GermanyThe rapid scale-up of antiretroviral treatment (ART) for HIV since the mid-2000s, mostly through disease-specific or “vertical” programmes, has been a highly successful undertaking, which averted millions of deaths and prevented many new infections. However, the dynamics of the HIV... -
A meta-analysis approach for estimating average unit costs for ART using pooled facility-level primary data from African countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Diego Cerecero-García --- National Institute of Public Health, Mexico Carlos Pineda-Antunez --- National Institute of Public Health, Mexico Lily Alexander --- HIV AIDS TB Research Consortium CISIDAT, Mexico Drew Cameron --- Health Policy, USA Gisela Martinez-Silva --- National Institute of Public Health, Mexico Carol Dayo Obure --- African Development Bank Group, Tunis Elliot Marseille --- Center for Global Surgical Studies, USA Lung Vu --- Population Council, USA James G Kahn --- Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, USA Anna Vassall --- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK Gabriela Gomez --- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK Lori Bollinger --- Avenir Health, USA Carol Levin --- Department of Global Health, USA Sergio Bautista-Arredondo --- National Institute of Public Health, MexicoObjective: To estimate facility-level average cost for ART services and explore unit cost variations using pooled facility-level cost estimates from four HIV empirical cost studies conducted in five African countries . -
Knowledge, perceptions and practices of HIV-infected mothers regarding HIV and infant feeding
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Liska Robb --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, South Africa Corinna Walsh --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, South Africa Mariette Nel --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, South AfricaObjectives: The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge, perceptions and practices of HIV-infected mothers regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and infant feeding. -
Long-term outcomes in perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and young adults on antiretroviral therapy: a review of South African and global literature
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kim Anderson --- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Rudzani Muloiwa --- Department of Paediatrics, South Africa Mary-Ann Davies --- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South AfricaPaediatric antiretroviral programmes have been implemented globally for more than a decade, yet information on long-term treatment outcomes in perinatally HIV-infected adolescents is limited. Published literature on long-term treatment outcomes was reviewed, including virologic, immunologic and growth outcomes, as well... -
A community-based HIV counselling and testing programme found a decreasing proportion of new HIV testers in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Simukai Shamu --- Foundation for Professional Development, South Africa Thato Farirai --- Foundation for Professional Development, South Africa Jean Slabbert --- Foundation for Professional Development, South Africa Geoffrey Guloba --- Foundation for Professional Development, South Africa Nomea Masihleho --- USAID, South Africa Julius Kamera --- USAID, South Africa Nkhensani Nkwashu --- Foundation for Professional Development, South AfricaThis article assesses the history of HIV testing among community-based HIV counselling and testing (CBCT) clients between 2014 and 2018 in 13 South African districts. Consenting clients were tested for HIV and interviewed to categorise as first-time testers or repeat... -
Maternal HIV status disclosure to young uninfected children: psychological variables of the mother
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Maretha Visser --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Amukelani Jennifer Hlungwani --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaMothers living with HIV are faced with the dilemma of when and how to disclose their HIV-positive status to their young uninfected children. In this study, a South African sample of mothers living with HIV, with young uninfected children (6–10... -
Resilience and pathways to wellness among HIV-positive patients in Ghana: a qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Chantal Lewis --- Brown University Schools of Public Health, USA Margaret Lartey --- University of Ghana School of Medicine & Dentistry, Ghana Don Operario --- Brown University Schools of Public Health, USAFew African studies have focused on resilience factors related to engagement in HIV-related care among people living with HIV; instead, many studies have identified health risk factors and barriers within this population. Informed by the Disability-Stress-Coping Model of Adjustment, a... -
Barriers to HIV testing uptake among men in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mbuzeleni Hlongwa --- School of Nursing and Public Health, South Africa Tivani Mashamba-Thompson --- School of Nursing and Public Health, South Africa Sizwe Makhunga --- School of Nursing and Public Health, South Africa Khumbulani Hlongwana --- School of Nursing and Public Health, South AfricaIntroduction: HIV testing among men remains low globally and in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in particular, when compared with their female counterparts. The aim of this study was to synthesise evidence on barriers to HIV testing among men in SSA using... -
An unusual presentation of insulinoma and the serious consequences of delayed diagnosis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: Z Dire --- , South Africa FJ Raal --- , South AfricaInsulinomas are rare functional neuroendocrine tumours. These tumours present with symptoms of hypoglycaemia, adrenergic and neuroglycopenic symptoms. Insulinomas are usually small in size, making them difficult to locate. Diagnosis is often delayed in these cases resulting in lasting neurological complications,... -
Male partners’ influence on women’s acceptance and use of PrEP products across two high HIV-burdened districts in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Londeka Mbewe --- , South Africa Eliza Govender --- , South AfricaThe demonstrated efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has brought hope of controlling the epidemic among women with limited HIV preventation options. Several studies have demonstrated the importance of male partner involvement in female sexual and reproductive health but there is... -
“I’m doing this test so I can benefit from PrEP”: exploring HIV testing barriers/facilitators and implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis among South African adolescents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Emily Yoshioka --- , USA Danielle Giovenco --- , USA Caroline Kuo --- , USA Kristen Underhill --- , USA Jackie Hoare --- , South Africa Don Operario --- , USAIn South Africa, adolescents are a key population in the HIV epidemic that can benefit from increased access to oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). HIV testing is an integral component of the PrEP care continuum but adolescents in South Africa have... -
Addressing community-level stigma toward key populations: communication insights from action research in Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Warren Parker --- , USA Joan Schubert --- , Ghana Serwaa Owusu-Ansah --- , Ghana Kwadwo Asante-Afari --- , Ghana Samuel Edem Assisi --- , Ghana Emmauel D Adiku --- , Ghana Thad Pennas --- , USA Saul Evans Williams --- , GhanaBackground: Global HIV response emphasises improving the uptake of HIV testing, providing access to antiretroviral therapy and sustaining viral suppression with a view to curtailing the pandemic by 2030. Stigma and discrimination impede this response by limiting engagement with the... -
PMTCT Option B+ 2012 to 2018 — Taking stock: barriers and strategies to improve adherence to Option B+ in urban and rural Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rachel King --- , USA Joyce Namale Matovu --- , Uganda Joseph Rujumba --- , Uganda Priscilla Wavamunno --- , Uganda Alexander Amone --- , Uganda Grace Gabagaya --- , Uganda Mary Glenn Fowler --- , Uganda Jaco Homsy --- , Uganda Janet Seeley --- , UK Philippa Musoke --- , UgandaSince 2012, PMTCT Option B+ has been recommended by the World Health Organization to reduce vertical transmission but numerous adherence challenges remain. We conducted a qualitative study at baseline using six focus group discussions and 14 in-depth interviews to explore... -
Applying a social-ecological lens to opinions about HIV self-testing among Kenyan truckers who declined to test: a qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Stephanie N Christian --- , USA Joanne E Mantell --- , USA Matthew L Romo --- , USA Christian Grov --- , USA Gavin George --- , South Africa Eva Mwai --- , Kenya Eston Nyaga --- , Kenya Jacob O Odhiambo --- , Kenya Kaymarlin Govender --- , South Africa Elizabeth A Kelvin --- , USAHIV prevalence among truckers in Africa is high and testing rates suboptimal. With numerous African countries having approved HIV self-testing kits, more information on how to design acceptable and accessible self-testing programs for high-risk populations is necessary. We explored views... -
HIV-prevention measures on a university campus in South Africa – perceptions, practices and needs of undergraduate medical students
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Willem Kruger --- , South Africa Neo Lebesa --- , South Africa Katlego Lephalo --- , South Africa Dumenzile Mahlangu --- , South Africa Mpumelelo Mkhosana --- , South Africa Motlhoboga Molise --- , South Africa Pretty Segopa --- , South Africa Gina Joubert --- , South AfricaBackground: Young adults such as university students are considered to be a key population for HIV-prevention efforts. This study aimed to determine the perceptions, practices and needs of undergraduate medical students regarding HIV-prevention measures available on campus. -
Latitudinal changes in siphonophore assemblages across the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: D Kuyper --- , South Africa D Thibault --- , France MJ Gibbons --- , South AfricaSiphonophores are commonly considered to be useful indicators of water masses and water-mass movement, but their employment as such across the wider Southern Ocean has not so far been attempted. We redress this here using archived samples, collected during January–February... -
Defaulters. Are they worse off? Analysing reasons for this phenomenon amongst patients with diabetes with and without HIV infection
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: Somasundram Pillay --- , South AfricaBackground: Ideal control of diabetes mellitus (DM) remains elusive globally. Identifying defaulting reasons in diabetes clinics can provide potential interventional areas. -
How do HIV/AIDS policies address access to HIV services among men who have sex with men in Botswana?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kgosiekae Maxwell Matlapeng --- , South Africa Gbotemi Bukola Babatunde --- , South Africa Olagoke Akintola --- , South AfricaThe study assessed Botswana government policies related to HIV/AIDS and international policy documents that were adopted to address the HIV epidemic. Studies have indicated that HIV surveillance among men who have sex with men (MSM) is poor and that they... -
HIV stigma, resilience and depressive symptoms among older adults living with HIV in rural Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Eveline Ndinelao Kalomo --- , USA Jung Sim Jun --- , USA Kyoung Lee --- , USA Mgori Nuru Kaddu --- , NamibiaIn sub-Saharan Africa, HIV-positive older adults aged 50 years and older experience complex psychosocial issues in addition to dealing with their HIV status and the ageing process. This study focused on the association between HIV stigma, resilience, and depressive symptoms... -
“There is no fear in me … well, that little fear is there”: dualistic views towards HIV testing among South African adolescent girls and young women
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Zoe Duby --- , South Africa Kim Jonas --- , South Africa Tracy McClinton Appollis --- , South Africa Kealeboga Maruping --- , South Africa Janan Dietrich --- , South Africa Lieve Vanleeuw --- , South Africa Catherine Mathews --- , South AfricaIn spite of the high HIV burden and high prevalence and incidence of HIV infection among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in South Africa, uptake of HIV testing in this population falls short of the UNIADS 90-90-90 targets, leading... -
Exploring narratives and advocating support and peer mentorship to improve HIV-positive adolescent mothers’ lives in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Morolake Josephine Adeagbo --- , South Africa Kammila Naidoo --- , South AfricaResearch on adolescent sexuality, health and parenting has gained much attention in recent years. This growing body of research, however, has arguably limited qualitative outputs on HIV-positive adolescent mothers’ sexual and reproductive health choices, needs, and rights in South Africa... -
Low awareness and use of post-exposure prophylaxis among adolescents and young adults in South Africa: implications for the prevention of new HIV infections
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anthony Idowu Ajayi --- , Kenya Mohammed Sanusi Yusuf --- , South Africa Elmon Mudefi --- , South Africa Oladele Vincent Adeniyi --- , South Africa Ntombana Rala --- , South Africa Daniel Ter Goon --- , South AfricaThe vulnerability of adolescents and young adults in South Africa to HIV and sexual violence is well documented. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is available for victims of sexual abuse in the country but awareness of this measure is required to maximise... -
Assessment of an HIV-prevention intervention for couples in peri-urban Uganda: pervasive challenges to relationship quality also challenge intervention effectiveness
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Phoebe Kajubi --- , Uganda Allison Ruark --- , USA Norman Hearst --- , USA Sam Ruteikara --- , Uganda Edward C Green --- , USAReducing multiple and concurrent partnerships has been identified as a priority in generalised HIV epidemics, yet developing successful interventions to bring about such behaviour change has proven challenging. We offered a three-session intervention aimed to improve couple relationship quality and... -
HIV-related disability and rehabilitation: perception of health care workers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lanre Ayodele Olaboye --- , South Africa Stacy Maddocks --- , South Africa Jill Hanass-Hancock --- , South Africa Verusia Chetty --- , South AfricaBackground: Health care workers play an integral role in the rehabilitation and care of people living with HIV who face multiple impairments and often disabilities. The aim of the article was to understand the perceptions and attitudes of health care... -
Domestic stigmatisation: refocusing interventions for people living with HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Laura Ann Chubb --- , New Zealand Christa B Fouché --- , New ZealandDomestic stigmatisation serves as an umbrella term for acts of enacted or felt stigma experienced in a person’s domestic environment. This article reports on the term which transpired from a narrative inquiry in 2011 with people living with HIV (PLWH)... -
Assessing the willingness to pay for HIV counselling and testing service: a contingent valuation study in Lagos State, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Felix Oluyemi Adekunjo --- , Nigeria Rajah Rasiah --- , Malaysia Maznah Dahlui --- , Malaysia Chiu Wan Ng --- , MalaysiaHIV/AIDS is a major health issue faced by the world, generally, but particularly sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria ranked third in the world by number of people living with HIV/AIDS in 2019. Despite prominent HIV counselling and testing (HCT) intervention programmes, Nigeria... -
The initiation of human immunodeficiency virus treatment for children at different levels of care
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Wayne Sheldon Rajah --- , South Africa Kevin Bryant Spicer --- , South Africa Tyrone Nicholas Rajah --- , South Africa Jaques Johan van Heerden --- , South AfricaBackground: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic increased the demand for health care resources in South Africa. To decrease the burden on specialised facilities, the Department of Health decentralised antiretroviral (ARV) management. In the uMgungundlovu district, adult HIV primary care... -
The influence of branding on the uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision: a case study of “Ndife Otsogola” in Lilongwe, Malawi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Patrick Makono --- , Malawi Peter Mhagama --- , Malawi Chimwemwe Tsitsi --- , MalawiBackground: “Ndife Otsogola” [We are forward thinkers] is the voluntary male medical circumcision (VMMC) campaign in Malawi that is part of the HIV and AIDS health promotion strategy. In 2012, the government of Malawi and its VMMC stakeholders developed communication... -
Demography of remarriage and fertility desire among women receiving antiretroviral therapy in South West Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Joshua O Akinyemi --- , Nigeria Rotimi F Afolabi --- , Nigeria Olutosin A Awolude --- , Nigeria E Afolabi Bamgboye --- , NigeriaBackground: In view of sociocultural norms surrounding marriage and childbearing in South West Nigeria, fertility desire may be stronger among remarried women living with HIV. This article describes the characteristics of remarriage and its relationship to fertility desire. -
Depressive symptoms among older adults with HIV in Namibia: the role of social support and spirituality
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Eveline Ndinelao Kalomo --- , USA Jung Sim Jun --- , USA Kyoung Hag Lee --- , USA Mgori Nuru Kaddu --- , NamibiaBackground: More than 60% of older adults living with HIV reside in sub-Saharan Africa. Namibia has one of the highest HIV/AIDS prevalence rates. This study examined the association between social support, spirituality and depressive symptoms. -
The psychosocial determinants of the intention to test for HIV among young men in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Thabang Manyaapelo --- , South Africa Robert AC Ruiter --- , The Netherlands Sibusiso Sifunda --- , South Africa Anam Nyembezi --- , South Africa Bart van den Borne --- , The Netherlands Priscilla Reddy --- , South AfricaBackground: Voluntary counselling and testing is one of the effective prevention strategies against the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This study investigated the psychosocial determinants of the intention to be tested for HIV among young men in South Africa’s KwaZulu-Natal province using the... -
The dapivirine vaginal ring from the perspective of married men in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anita Kabarambi --- , Uganda Sylvia Kusemererwa --- , Uganda Emily Krogstad --- , South Africa Philippe Mayaud --- , Uganda Janet Seeley --- , Uganda Joseph Mugisha --- , Uganda Mitzy Gafos --- , United KingdomBackground: Men play a key role in influencing uptake of women’s health products, such as female condoms and vaginal microbicides used for family planning and HIV prevention. -
Exploring male condom use among women in South Africa: a review of the literature
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rivesh Maharajh --- , South Africa Firoza Haffejee --- , South AfricaThe male condom is the most cost-effective method for prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), yet in high-burden countries, promotion of its use remains difficult to achieve, especially among high-risk individuals. This review reports on women’s perspectives... -
Women’s perspectives on relationship dynamics with their partners and their role in HIV acquisition, HIV disclosure, hormonal contraceptive uptake, and condom use
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: John C Chapola --- , Malawi Kendra Hatfield-Timajchy --- , USA Agatha K Bula --- , Malawi Stacey Hurst --- , USA Lameck Chinula --- , Malawi Athena P Kourtis --- , USA Jennifer H Tang --- , MalawiBackground: Limited information exists about relationship dynamics and their role in HIV acquisition, HIV disclosure, hormonal contraceptive uptake, and condom use among women in Malawi. -
Strategies of coping with the effects of HIV/AIDS in Chinamhora communal lands, Goromonzi rural district, Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Wilberforce Kurevakwesu --- , ZimbabweThis qualitative study assesses the impacts of HIV/AIDS on rural households in Chinamhora communal lands, explores the coping strategies of these rural households and establishes possible interventions towards improving their coping strategies. The study comes at a time when deaths... -
“Out there it’s YOLO”: Youth perspectives on a mass media HIV- and gender-based violence campaign in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gavin Robert Walker --- , ChinaGender-based violence continues to be a leading determinant of South Africa’s HIV/AIDS epidemic. As such, gender socialisation and de-normalisation of gender inequality and violence remain principal objectives for public health organisations. This article discusses youth reception of a mass media... -
Violence and HIV among female street sex workers in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Molefi Motsoeneng --- , South AfricaThis study explored South African female sex workers’ (FSWs) experiences of violence by their clients. Informants were eight FSWs aged from 25 to 30 years who obtained clients mainly from the streets and transportation depots of a major metropolitan city... -
Adoption and impacts of improved beehive technologies in the miombo woodland of Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Nicholaus Musimu Kuboja --- , Tanzania A.C. Isinika --- , Tanzania F.T.M. Kilima --- , TanzaniaThis paper analyzes the adoption and impacts of improved beehives on households’ income using cross-sectional data sourced from a sample of 198 beekeepers in western Tanzania who adopted improved beehives. Propensity score matching and the endogenous switching regression model are... -
Large-scale movements and site fidelity of two bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas estimated from a double-tagging experiment at Réunion Island (southwest Indian Ocean)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: M Soria --- , France Y Tremblay --- , France A Blaison --- , France F Forget --- , France E Crochelet --- , Réunion L Dagorn --- , FranceSince 2011, the mean number of bites per year by bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas has increased markedly at Réunion Island. To predict areas and periods of increased risk, we need to better understand the space-use dynamics of individual sharks. In... -
Psychometric validation of the centrality of events scale in a Nigerian clinical sample
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Leonard Ifeanyichukwu Ugwu --- , Nigeria Desmond Uchechukwu Onu --- , Nigeria Ebele Evelyn Nnadozie --- , Nigeria Steven Kator Iorfa --- , NigeriaWe sought to validate the Centrality of Event Scale (CES) in a Nigerian clinical sample of people living with HIV/ ADS. Our sample consisted of 869 people living with HIV/AIDS. They completed the CES, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist... -
Glycaemic control and family history of diabetes mellitus: is it all in the genes?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: RR Chetty --- , South Africa S Pillay --- ,Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a familial condition with a strong genetic component. International studies have highlighted associations between a positive family history of diabetes (FHD) and poorer glycaemic control. No current data are available on this association... -
The impact of trauma on South African women with HIV: The role of anxiety and physical symptomology
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Abigail S Robbertz --- , USA Martha N Ishiekwene --- , USA Olivia L Hucks --- , USA Lisa Armistead --- , USARates of trauma and HIV are high in South Africa, and those who experience more trauma have higher levels of psychological distress. This cross-sectional study examined trauma, physical, and mental health among black South African women living with HIV (WLH)... -
“I did not plan … that is what hurts”: Pregnancy intentions and contraceptive use among pregnant young women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jessica N Coleman --- , USA Cecilia Milford --- , South Africa Nzwakie Mosery --- , South Africa Karmel W Choi --- , USA Letitia Rambally Greener --- , South Africa Lynn T Matthews --- , USA Abigail Harrison --- , USA David R Bangsberg --- , USA Steven A Safren --- , USA Jennifer A Smit --- , South Africa Christina Psaros --- , USAUnintended pregnancy impacts many young women in South Africa, and rates of consistent contraceptive use among this population are suboptimal. Limited empirical work has investigated reasons for inconsistency between pregnancy intention and contraceptive use behaviour with data collected during pregnancy... -
The role of pharmacy personnel in promoting adherence to antiretroviral therapy in the Eastern Cape: communication barriers and breakthroughs
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elizabeth Rattine-Flaherty --- , USA Sue Burton --- , South AfricaBackground: Many people living with HIV struggle to adhere to their antiretroviral therapy, leading to suboptimal health outcomes and increased costs to the healthcare system. Due to their unique training and position in the health care system, South African pharmacists... -
Life in a child-headed household: Exploring the quality of life of orphans living in child-headed households in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kudzai Emma Chademana --- , South Africa Brian van Wyk --- , South AfricaThe overwhelming rate of HIV-related mortality in the past decades has eroded traditional safety nets for orphans, of which the extended family is the most critical. This has led to the formation of new household structures, i.e. child- and youth-headed... -
Integration of family planning services into HIV services in Nigeria: Evidence from the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 survey in seven states
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Babayemi O Olakunde --- , Nigeria Daniel A Adeyinka --- , Nigeria Funmilola M OlaOlorun --- , Nigeria Tolulope T Oladele --- , Nigeria Hidayat Yahaya --- , Nigeria Chinwendu D Ndukwe --- , NigeriaDespite global calls for stronger linkages between family planning and HIV, a growing body of evidence in sub-Saharan Africa suggests that the integration of family planning and HIV service delivery is suboptimal in some countries. In this study, we assess... -
AIDS and COVID-19 in southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Arnau van Wyngaard --- , South Africa Alan Whiteside --- , CanadaBy the end of the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, in February 2021, the numbers of cases and deaths in southern Africa were low in absolute and relative numbers. The BBC ran a story (which was later retracted) headlined... -
Body composition of HIV-positive candidates for and recipients of a kidney transplant: comparative analysis between DEXA and anthropometric indices
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: CJ Martin --- , South Africa E Muller --- , South Africa D Labadarios --- , South Africa FJ Veldman --- , South Africa SM Kassier --- , South AfricaObjective: To determine body composition (BC) and the correlation, if any, between indices measured by anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). -
Barriers to condom use in casual sexual relationships known as ukujola in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mbongeleni Thembalihle Mgwaba --- , South Africa Pranitha Maharaj --- , South AfricaSouth Africa has the largest number of people living with HIV in the world. Of the nine provinces in South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal is the worst affected. HIV is largely transmitted through unprotected penetrative sexual intercourse. Male latex condoms are central... -
Living with HIV in Ghana: Disclosure of status and experiences of persons receiving antiretroviral therapy
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Maxwell Peprah Opoku --- , United Arab Emirates Eric Lawer Torgbenu --- , Australia J-F --- , Australia William Nketsia --- , Ghana Wisdom Kwadwo Mprah --- , Ghana Anthony Kweku Edusei --- , GhanaBarriers to treatment faced by people living with HIV (PLWH) have been well explored in the literature. Despite the importance of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the treatment of HIV and prevention of AIDS, in the Ghanaian context only about 32%... -
Experiences of intimate relationships, stigma, social support and treatment adherence among HIV-positive adolescents in Chiredzi district, Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Christopher Jimu --- , South Africa Kaymarlin Govender --- , South Africa Roselyn Kanyemba --- , South Africa Marie-Jeanne Offosse Ngbesso --- , South AfricaThis study explored experiences of intimate relationships, stigma, social support and treatment adherence among HIV-positive adolescents in Chiredzi district, Zimbabwe. The study adopted an interpretive qualitative methodology to explore the intricacies of living with HIV as an adolescent. Thirty (N... -
Internalised HIV-related stigma associated with physical inactivity in people with HIV and AIDS: A cross-sectional study from Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Davy Vancampfort --- , Belgium Peter Byansi --- , Uganda Eugene Kinyanda --- , Uganda Richard Serunkuma Bbosa --- , Uganda James Mugisha --- , UgandaAim: The aim of the current study was to explore correlations between continuous physical activity (PA) levels and HIV-related stigma and differences in HIV-related stigma between those who meet versus those who do not meet the international PA recommendation of... -
Queer Fragmentation as Method: Nairobi’s Example
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies • Authors: Eddie Ombagi --- , South AfricaThe everyday life of queer individuals, their experiences and scopes are lived in relation to the various fragments that structure sociability. Queer lives are first and foremost fragmented and fragmentary in their everyday survival practices and tactics. If we understand... -
“I’m angry with my mother”: Lived psychosocial experiences of adolescents with peri-natal-acquired HIV in Limpopo, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Ngwashesenge Francinah Malungani --- , South Africa Melitah Molatelo Rasweswe --- , South Africa Mmapheko Doriccah Peu --- , South AfricaThis study explored psychosocial need experiences of South African adolescents with perinatal-acquired HIV. Using a descriptive phenomenological approach, we interviewed a convenience sample of 20 adolescents living with perinatal-acquired HIV on their psychosocial survivorship experiences (female =10, male =10; age... -
Antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression among HIV-infected adolescents and young adults at a tertiary hospital in Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Isaac Justice Kobina Biney --- , Ghana Kofi Adesi Kyei --- , Ghana Vincent Jessey Ganu --- , Ghana Ernest Kenu --- , Ghana Peter Puplampu --- , Ghana Steven Manortey --- , Ghana Margaret Lartey --- , GhanaWith the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART), many HIV-infected children are growing into adolescence and adulthood. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Fevers Unit of one of the teaching hospitals in Ghana. The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8)... -
HIV self-testing may overcome stigma and other barriers to HIV testing among higher-socioeconomic status men in Botswana: A qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Laura M Bogart --- , USA Keonayang Kgotlaetsile --- , Botswana Nthabiseng Phaladze --- , Botswana Mosepele Mosepele --- , BotswanaIn Botswana, HIV prevalence is 20.3% among those between 15 and 49 years old, and in sub-Saharan Africa, higher income has been associated with increased HIV risk. We qualitatively explored barriers to HIV testing and acceptability of HIV self-testing (HIVST)... -
Barriers, benefits, and behaviour: Voluntary medical male circumcision ideation in a population-based sample of Zambian men
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Joseph G Rosen --- , USA Maria A Carrasco --- , USA Ariana M Traub --- , USA E ‘Kuor Kumoji --- , USAReaching ambitious voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) coverage targets requires a deeper understanding of the multifaceted processes shaping men’s willingness to access VMMC. Guided by the Ideation Model for Health Communication, this population-based study identifies correlates of Zambian men’s future... -
A behavioural and HIV serological survey among detainees of Ankazondrano jail in Fianarantsoa, Madagascar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jocia Fenomanana --- , Madagascar Fidiniaina Mamy Randriatsarafara --- , Madagascar Fabien Florian Ranampy --- , Madagascar Zely Arivelo Randriamanantany --- , MadagascarAims: The prevalence of HIV in the general population of Madagascar is 0.3%. Some population groups, especially detainees are vulnerable to this infection. Our study was the first combined HIV survey of the detainees of Ankazondrano jail in Fianarantsoa. The... -
The relationship between age and glycaemic control in patients living with diabetes mellitus in the context of HIV infection: a scoping review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: RR Chetty --- , South Africa S Pillay --- , -
The potential effect of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) roll-out on sexual-risk behaviour among adolescents and young people in East and southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Andrew Sentoogo Ssemata --- , Uganda Richard Muhumuza --- , Uganda Lynda Stranix-Chibanda --- , Zimbabwe Teacler Nematadzira --- , Zimbabwe Nadia Ahmed --- , South Africa Stefanie Hornschuh --- , South Africa Janan Janine Dietrich --- , South Africa Gugulethu Tshabalala --- , South Africa Millicent Atujuna --- , South Africa Denis Ndekezi --- , Uganda Phiona Nalubega --- , Uganda Esther Awino --- , Uganda Helen A Weiss --- , United Kingdom Julie Fox --- , United Kingdom Janet Seeley --- , UgandaPre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an HIV-prevention strategy recommended for those at high-risk of infection, including adolescents and young people (AYP). We explored how PrEP roll-out could influence sexual risk behaviour among AYP in East and southern Africa. Twenty-four group discussions... -
Uptake of HIV testing among aging adults in Agincourt, South Africa: perception of community, social network, and individual characteristics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ami R Moore --- , USA Anh Ta --- , USA Megan Lawson --- , USA Foster Amey --- , USAThis cross-sectional study examined the impact of perception of community, social network and individual variables on the likelihood of voluntary HIV testing of people 40 years and older living in Agincourt, South Africa. The data came from Health and Aging... -
“I prefer to take pills when I plan to have sex”: Perceptions of on-demand versus daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis among adolescents in Kampala, Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rachel Kawuma --- , Uganda Zam Nabalwanyi --- , Uganda Janet Seeley --- , Uganda Yunia Mayanja --- , UgandaThere is limited information about the use of on-demand and daily pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among adolescents and young people (AYP) in sub-Saharan Africa. We explored perceptions of both regimens among 14- to 19-year-olds perceived to be at high risk of... -
Factors associated with HIV testing among youth in a generalised hyperendemic setting: findings from a national survey in Eswatini
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Maswati S Simelane --- , Eswatini Garikayi B Chemhaka --- , Eswatini Mduduzi Colani Shongwe --- , Eswatini Mfundi PS Motsa --- , Taiwan Lindelwa P Dlamini --- , TaiwanAim: Even though Eswatini was the first country in Africa to achieve the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets among people living with HIV nationally, youth aged 15–24 years lag behind in HIV testing. This study determined the overall prevalence of HIV testing... -
Risk and protective factors for depressive symptoms among the youth living with HIV in Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Eveline Ndinelao Kalomo --- , USA Dasha Shamrova --- , USA Jung Sim Jun --- , USA Mgori Nuru Kaddu --- , Namibia Amy Kalb --- , USA -
Determinants of antiretroviral treatment adherence among patients attending secondary health care facilities in north-east and south-west Nigeria: a comparative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sonnen Atinge --- , Nigeria Oluchi J Kanma-Okafor --- , Nigeria Temitope W Ladi-Akinyemi --- , Nigeria Iorhen E Akase --- , Nigeria Adebayo T Onajole --- , Nigeria -
Suspicious bodies: anti-citizens and biomedical anarchists in South Africa’s public health care system
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Kudakwashe Vanyoro --- , South AfricaIt has become “common sense” to assert that access to public health care services for foreign migrants is de facto exclusionary. Conceptual tools for assessing these experiences are relatively absent and limited to “medical xenophobia.” This article deploys suspicion as... -
Age and diabetes control in an HIV-endemic country: is there an association?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: RR Chetty --- , South Africa S Pillay --- , South AfricaBackground: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in South Africa (SA) is 12.80% and is rising, while that of HIV infection remains the highest globally (13%). Literature varies on the associations between glycaemic control and age in patients living with... -
Lessons learnt from UNAIDS virtual technical support to countries applying for funding from the Global Fund COVID-19 Response Mechanism
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Arlette Campbell White --- , United Kingdom Marc Péchevis --- , United Kingdom Adriana Jimenez Cuen --- , SwitzerlandIn 2020 the Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria initiated a new funding modality, the COVID-19 Response Mechanism, to mitigate the pandemic’s effects on HIV, TB and malaria programmes and health systems in implementer countries. In 2021 UNAIDS introduced... -
Effect of COVID-19 on older adults 50 years and above living with HIV in a less-developed country
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mathew Nyashanu --- Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom Derrick Amooti Lusota --- Makerere University, Uganda Martin Muddu --- Makerere University Joint AIDS Program, Uganda Scovia Nalugo Mbalinda --- Makerere University, UgandaIntroduction: Globally, control measures have been communicated to reverse the COVID-19 pandemic. In Uganda, as soon as the first case of COVID-19 was identified, strict lockdown measures were enforced, including a ban on all public and private transport, night curfew,... -
The sexual and reproductive health needs of school-going young people in the context of COVID-19 in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Natsayi Chimbindi --- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa Ursula Ngema --- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa Nothando Ngwenya --- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa Andrew Gibbs --- Institute for Global Health, University College London, United Kingdom Candice Groenewald --- Centre for Community Based Research, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Guy Harling --- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa Nondumiso Mthiyane --- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa Busisiwe Nkosi --- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa Janet Seeley --- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa Maryam Shahmanesh --- Africa Health Research Institute, South AfricaBackground: The impact of school closures due to COVID-19 raised widespread concerns about children’s health and well-being. We examine the impact on the sexual health needs of learners in the context of COVID-19 related lockdowns in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. -
Utilisation of HIV services by female sex workers in Zimbabwe during the COVID-19 pandemic: a descriptive phenomenological study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Idah Moyo --- , Zimbabwe Livhuwani Tshivhase --- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa Azwihangwisi Helen Mavhandu-Mudzusi --- University of South Africa,This study focuses on female sex workers as a key population group that suffers a degree of vulnerability according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). Key populations refer to people at heightened risk of contracting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)... -
Mediating antiretroviral treatment for HIV during COVID-19: lessons from implementation in Gomba District, Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kenneth Mulondo --- , Uganda Warren Parker --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaInitial and subsequent waves of COVID-19 in Uganda disrupted the delivery of HIV care. In rural areas, village health teams and organisations on the ground had to develop strategies to ensure that people living with HIV could continue their treatment... -
Exploring how outreach team leaders perceive community health workers’ experiences of providing HIV services in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gugulethu E Khumalo --- , South Africa Elizabeth Lutge --- , South Africa Tivani P Mashamba-Thompson --- , South AfricaObjectives: In 2018, the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health launched the ward-based primary health care outreach teams policy framework which sought to expand the community health worker (CHW) programme’s provision of longitudinal patient support, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) services in... -
HIV status disclosure and antiretroviral therapy adherence among children in Masaka region, Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Robert Kairania --- , Kenya Washington Onyango-Ouma --- , Kenya Tom G Ondicho --- , Kenya Godfrey Kigozi --- , UgandaHIV-infected children are now living into adolescence and early adulthood in large numbers due to the availability and increased use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, receipt of HIV status disclosure among children remains low. We assessed the association between disclosure... -
The effects of COVID-19 on food insecurity, financial vulnerability and housing insecurity among women and girls living with or at risk of HIV in Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Erik Lamontagne --- , Switzerland Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan --- Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria Olujide Arije --- Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria Amaka Enemo --- , Nigeria Aaron Sunday --- , Nigeria Amira Muhammad --- Northern Nigerian Transgender Initiative, Nigeria Hasiya Yunusa Nyako --- , Nigeria Rilwan Mohammed Abdullah --- , Nigeria Henry Okiwu --- , Nigeria Veronica Akwenabuaye Undelikwo --- University of Calabar, Nigeria Pamela Adaobi Ogbozor --- Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Nigeria Oluwaranmilowo Amusan --- Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria Oluwatoyin Adedoyin Alaba --- Obafemi Awolowo University, NigeriaAim : Women and girls living with or at high risk of acquiring HIV (WGL&RHIV) in Africa are economically vulnerable. This study aims to advance understanding of the economic impact of COVID-19 on WGL&RHIV and to identify the factors associated... -
Estimating the cost and efficiency gain of rolling out a multi-month dispensing programme for antiretroviral treatment in Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: George Ruhago --- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania Steven Forsythe --- , USA Roland Van de Ven --- , USA Louis Apicella --- , USABackground: Globally, efforts to curtail the HIV pandemic are growing. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) and partners set the 95-95-95 targets to be achieved by 2025. Tanzania’s ongoing transition from single-month ARV to longer multi-month... -
Psychological flexibility as a moderator of the relationship between HIV-related stigma and resilience among HIV/AIDS patients
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Chinenye Joseph Aliche --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Chuka Mike Ifeagwazi --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Chisom Christopher Ozor --- University of Nigeria, NigeriaHIV-related stigmatisation is common in many parts of the world and is experienced by all categories of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA). Although the negative consequences of HIV-related stigmatisation on the resilience of PLWHA is well documented, little... -
Understanding the role of men in women's use of the vaginal ring and oral PrEP during pregnancy and breastfeeding: multi-stakeholder perspectives
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Petina Musara --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Miriam Hartmann --- , USA Julia H Ryan --- , USA Krishnaveni Reddy --- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Joseph Ggita --- Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, Makerere University, Uganda Prisca Mutero --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Nicole Macagna --- , USA Frank Taulo --- University of Malawi, Malawi Nyaradzo M Mgodi --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Jeanna Piper --- , USA Ariane van der Straten --- University of California San Francisco, USAWe examined men’s influence on women’s interest in biomedical HIV prevention during pregnancy and breastfeeding through structured questionnaires and focus group discussions with currently or recently pregnant and breastfeeding (P/BF) women (n = 65), men with P/BF partners (n =... -
Validity and reliability of the HIV Disability Questionnaire for people living with HIV in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Adetunji Adeleke --- University of Witwatersrand, South Africa Denise Franzsen --- University of Witwatersrand, South Africa Patricia de Witt --- University of Witwatersrand, South Africa Rulaine Smith --- University of Witwatersrand, South AfricaThis study determined the measurement properties of the HIV Disability Questionnaire (HDQ) on a sample of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) to validate this assessment in a resource-limited environment. A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional research design was used with PLWHIV on... -
Economic implications of COVID-19 for the HIV epidemic and the response in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Charles Birungi --- , Switzerland Markus Haacker --- University College London, United Kingdom Isaac Taramusi --- , Zimbabwe Amon Mpofu --- , Zimbabwe Bernard Madzima --- , Zimbabwe Tsitsi Apollo --- , Zimbabwe Owen Mugurungi --- , Zimbabwe Martin Odiit --- , Zimbabwe Michael A Obst --- , GermanyUnderstanding the economic implications of COVID-19 for the HIV epidemic and response is critical for designing policies and strategies to effectively sustain past gains and accelerate progress to end these colliding pandemics. While considerable cross-national empirical evidence exists at the... -
Association between anthropometry and cardiovascular risk in patients attending a diabetic clinic
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: Kylie Divashnee Konar --- Phoenix Community Health Centre, South Africa Somasundram Pillay --- Nelson R Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa -
Culture and African contexts of HIV/AIDS prevention, care and support
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Collins O. Airhihenbuwa --- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, J. DeWitt Webster --- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health,Culture plays a vital role in determining the level of health of the individual, the family and the community. This is particularly relevant in the context of Africa, where the values of extended family and community significantly influence the behaviour... -
Factors associated with consistent condom use by employees in the brewery industry in Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Adegbenga Sunmola --- Department of Psychology, University of Ibadan,Many employees of large organisations in Nigeria face significant risks for HIV infection, especially due to occasional or regular job transfers, involvement in casual sexual encounters and lack of consistent condom use. The current study analysed the determinants of consistent... -
Social grants as safety net for HIV/AIDS-affected households in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Frikkie Booysen --- Department of Economics and the Centre for Health Systems Research & Development, University of the Free State, South AfricaSouth Africa has a well-developed system of social security and the reach of the social grant safety net has expanded rapidly over the past five years. Social grants are likely to play an important role in mitigating the impact of... -
Microbicide trials for preventing HIV/AIDS in South Africa: Phase II trial participants' experiences and psychological needs
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Annalie Pistorius --- Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA), Janneke van de Wijgert --- Director Prevention Research, International Antiviral Therapy Evaluation Centre, Mohlatlego Sebola --- Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA), Barbara Friedland --- International Programs Division, Population Council, Evelyn Nagel --- Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA), Cathleen Bokaba --- Department of Clinical Psychology, MEDUNSA, Anwar Hoosen --- Department of Microbiological Pathology, MEDUNSA,The Microbicide Division of the Department of Medical Microbiology at MEDUNSA, South Africa, recently completed a phase II expanded safety trial of the candidate microbicide Carraguard. A microbicide is a vaginal product that women might use, if proven safe and... -
Gender and HIV/AIDS impact mitigation in sub-Saharan Africa — recognising the constraints
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Janet Seeley --- Gender and Development, School of Development Studies, University of East Anglia, Rachel Grellier --- Options Consultancy Services, Tony Barnett --- Development Studies Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science,In discussions of gender and HIV/AIDS, attention has focused on prevention. This is a vital area. However, we argue that there is also a need to focus more attention on the resulting impact of the epidemic, because inequalities that promote... -
A study of local government HIV/AIDS projects in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Leon Swartz --- Population and Development Research, Niel Roux --- Directorate: Population and Development Research,The primary goal of this study was to survey local government HIV/AIDS projects in South Africa. A total of 240 questionnaires were sent to local municipalities nationally between May and July 2002. A total of 44 municipalities returned their questionnaires,... -
Willingness to pay for treatment with highly active antiretroviral (HAART) drugs: a rural case study in Cameroon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kenneth Ngwambokong Muko --- Catholic Health Service of the archdiocese of Bamenda, Valentine Che Ngwa --- St James University Hospital, UK Leslie Chigang --- St Louis Clinic Bamenda, Igbinosum Gladys Ngwa --- St Martin De Porres Hospital, Anke Meiburg --- St Martin De Porres Hospital, Elvis Neba Shu --- Department of pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka,This paper reports on the willingness of HIV/AIDS patients to pay for the most affordable triple therapy combination of antiretrovirals in a local setting in Cameroon. Questionnaires were used to evaluate willingness to pay, and patients who could still afford... -
Impact of long-term civil disorders and wars on the trajectory of HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: David Gisselquist --- , USAFrom the mid-1970s, seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa have experienced civil disorders and wars lasting for at least 10 years. In two — Sierra Leone during 1991–2002, and Somalia from 1988 and continuing — adult HIV prevalence remained below 1%... -
Preventing mother-to-child transmission: factors affecting mothers' choice of feeding — a case study from Cameroon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kenneth Ngwambokong Muko --- Catholic Health Service, Archdiocese of Bamenda, Cameroon Koubitim Ginnette Tchangwe --- St Martin de Porres Hospital, Valentine Che Ngwa --- St James University Hospital, UK Laah Njoya --- Fundong District Hospital, CameroonThis paper reports on factors influencing the decision of mothers regarding the type of feeding method for their babies in a rural setting in Cameroon. The aim of the study was to ascertain the proportion of mothers choosing the different... -
L'ascenseur et l'escalier — la lutte contre le SIDA au Cameroun
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jacques-Philippe Tsala Tsala --- Department of Psychology, University of Yaoundé I and Catholic University of Central Africa, CameroonHIV/AIDS infection has spread like wildfire in the countries of sub-saharan Africa. In order to fight that pandemic, Cameroon has organised itself by setting up, with the assistance of bilateral and multilateral partners, a national structure with the aim to... -
Stigma, discrimination and the implications for people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Donald Skinner --- HSRC, Sakhumzi Mfecane --- HSRC,Stigma and discrimination play significant roles in the development and maintenance of the HIV epidemic. It is well documented that people living with HIV and AIDS experience stigma and discrimination on an ongoing basis. This impact goes beyond individuals infected... -
Managing AIDS stigma
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: William L. Holzemer --- University of California, Leana R. Uys --- College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal,According to anecdotal reports, AIDS stigma and discrimination continue to influence people living with and affected by HIV disease as well as their health care providers, particularly in southern Africa where the burden of AIDS is so significant. Stigma is... -
Alcohol abuse, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS in Botswana: establishing the link based on empirical evidence
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Odireleng Phorano --- Department of Social Work, University of Botswana, Keitseope Nthomang --- Department of Social Work, University of Botswana, Dolly Ntseane --- Department of Social Work, University of Botswana,The existence of gender-based violence has been a source of concern within the public and private sectors as well as civil society organisations in Botswana. The present study investigated the link between alcohol abuse, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS. Further, it... -
Life skills training as HIV/AIDS preventive strategy in secondary schools: evaluation of a large-scale implementation process
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maretha J. Visser --- University of Pretoria,A life skills and HIV/AIDS education programme was implemented in secondary schools as a strategy to combat the spread of HIV/AIDS among school-going young people in South Africa. As part of a joint effort of the Departments of Health and... -
People living with HIV and AIDS in everyday conditions of township life in South Africa: between structural constraint and individual tactics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Frédéric Le Marcis --- Department of Social Anthropology, University of Victor Segalen, Rehana Ebrahim-Vally --- University of the Witwatersrand,The HIV/AIDS pandemic in South Africa has negatively transformed the lives of many in townships and rural areas. People living with AIDS (PWAs) are the socially weakened, whose means of survival include migrating, enduring gender violence, and they are thus... -
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV and its prevention: awareness and knowledge in Uganda and Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Gundel Harms --- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Katja Schulze [B0002] Ilaria Moneta --- International Health, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Chris Baryomunsi [B0004] Paulina Mbezi [B0005] Gabriele Poggensee --- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute in Berlin,Awareness and knowledge about HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) and preventive measures in different population groups and health personnel were analysed in future intervention areas in western Uganda and south-western Tanzania. In Uganda, a total of 751 persons (440 clients of... -
Development of an HIV risk reduction counselling intervention for use in South African sexually transmitted infection clinics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Vuyisile Mathiti --- University of the Western Cape, Leickness C. Simbayi --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health research programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Sean Jooste --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health research programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Queen Kekana --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health research programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Xolani P. Nibe --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health research programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Luvuyo Shasha --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health research programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Philasande Bidla --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health research programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Pamela Magubane --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health research programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Demetria Cain --- Psychology Department, University of Connecticut, Charsey Cherry --- Psychology Department, University of Connecticut, Seth C. Kalichman --- Psychology Department, University of Connecticut,South Africa urgently needs HIV prevention interventions that can be disseminated for use in clinical and community settings. A brief theory-based HIV risk reduction counselling intervention originally developed in the USA has recently been adapted for use in a South... -
Perceived HIV/AIDS impact among staff in tertiary institutions in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health, Human Sciences Research Council, Karl Peltzer --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health, Human Sciences Research Council,A descriptive questionnaire-based study was undertaken among staff in tertiary institutions in the Eastern Cape Province. The objective of the study was to explore perceived HIV/AIDS impact on duties at work, staff morale, job satisfaction and workload among a proportionate... -
Understanding the response of large South African companies to HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: David Dickinson --- Graduate School of Business Administration, University of the Witwatersrand, Marion Stevens --- Centre for Health Policy, University of the Witwatersrand,This paper provides a framework analysing the response of South African companies to HIV/AIDS. Drawing on three case studies of companies, each with over 20 000 South African-based employees, we identify six ‘drivers’ that influence corporate behaviour regarding HIV/AIDS: legal... -
Phase III microbicide trial methodology: opinions of experienced expanded safety trial participants in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Janneke van de Wijgert --- IATEC Foundation, Heidi Jones --- Population Council, Annalie Pistorius --- Health Professions Council of South Africa, Alana de Kock --- Infectious Disease Epidemiology Unit of the School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa Mohlatlego Sebola --- Health Professions Council of South Africa, Barbara Friedland --- International Programs Division, Population Council, Anwar Hoosen --- Department of Microbiological Pathology, Medunsa Campus of the University of Limpopo, Nicol Coetzee --- UK National Health Service,In preparation for effectiveness trials of candidate vaginal microbicides, scientists are debating trial design and implementation challenges, including choice of control arm(s), product-sharing across arms, and visit schedules. This study involved a survey of South African women participating in an... -
Women in Chinsapo, Malawi: vulnerability and risk to HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jayati Ghosh --- Division of Business, Dominican University of California, Ezekiel Kalipeni --- Geography and African Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,Malawi, a very poor country located in southern Africa, is no exception to the growing trend and severity in HIV prevalence. By the end of 2003 there were 900 000 adults and children in Malawi living with HIV/AIDS. Adult prevalence... -
Development of structured support groups for HIV-positive women in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maretha Visser --- Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, Jonathan Mundell --- University of Pretoria, Annelize de Villiers --- MRC Unit for Maternal and Infant Care Strategies, University of Pretoria, Kathleen Sikkema --- Epidemiology and Public Health, Psychiatry and Psychology, Yale University School of Medicine, Bridget Jeffery --- Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Pretoria and Kalafong Hospital,Women living with HIV in a stigmatising community need support to cope with their HIV status. In a process of action research, a structured support group programme was designed to meet the needs of women to cope with their diagnosis... -
A comparative analysis of perceived stigma among HIV-positive Ghanaian and African American males
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kwabena A Poku --- Health Services Management Department, University of Ghana Business School, J Gary Linn --- School of Nursing, Tennessee State University, Betsy L Fife --- School of Nursing, University of Indiana-Indianapolis, Sherry Azar --- School of Nursing, Tennessee State University, Lorna Kendrick --- School of Nursing, Tennessee State University,The purpose of this paper was to address two questions: (i) Do Ghanaian and African American males with HIV/AIDS experience different types and degrees of stigma? and (ii) Is the impact of stigma associated with HIV/AIDS on the self different... -
Social support and health behaviour in women living with HIV in KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Bernhard Gaede --- Emmaus Hospital, Sisana Majeke --- School of Nursing, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Rugira Regis Marie Modeste --- School of Nursing, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Joanne Rachel Naidoo --- School of Nursing, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Mokete Joseph Titus --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital in Umlazi, Leana R Uys --- College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal,The article explores the relationship between social support and health behaviour of rural and urban women who are living with HIV in South Africa. Our study was a descriptive survey of a group of pregnant and non-pregnant women living with... -
Poverty and HIV/AIDS in South Africa: an empirical contribution
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Lerato Sonia Tladi --- Demography Section of the Social Aspect of HIV/AIDS (SAHA) Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council,This study sets out to establish and explain the empirical link between HIV/AIDS and poverty using data collected by the 1998 South African Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS). Analysis is restricted to women of reproductive age (15 – 49 years)... -
Impact of AIDS on rural livelihoods in Benue State, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Thea Hilhorst --- Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Marti van Liere --- Health Department, KIT, Adiya V Ode --- DFID, Nigeria Korrie de Koning --- Department of Development, Policy and Practice, KIT,This study addresses the socio-economic impact of AIDS on rural livelihoods in Benue State, Nigeria, where HIV prevalence is 9.3% but the number of AIDS cases is still relatively low. About 6% of the study households had experienced illness and... -
Effect of exposure to clinic-based health education interventions on behavioural intention to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jude Igumbor --- School of Health Sciences, University of Venda, South Africa Supa Pengpid --- National School of Public Health, University of Limpopo, South Africa Larry Obi --- University of Venda, South AfricaHIV and AIDS incidence among infants in South Africa is on the increase. The uptake of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) interventions is often said to be dependent on the beliefs and educational needs of those requiring PMTCT services. This... -
‘I just ended up here, no job and no health…’ — men's outlook on life in the context of economic hardship and HIV/AIDS in Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Britt Pinkowsky Tersbøl --- University of Copenhagen, DenmarkBased on ethnographic material from northern and central Namibia, this article provides insight into the views and experiences of primarily unemployed and poor men, and the dilemmas with which they are confronted due to lack of life opportunities. For these... -
New approaches, new activities and new outcomes in international conferences on HIV/AIDS in Africa — Report of the 3rd African Conference on the Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, Dakar, 10 – 14 October 2005
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: C.I. Niang O. Shisana G. Andrews D. Kaseje L. Simbayi Karl Peltzer [CXX0001] Y. ToefyAfrica's HIV/AIDS situation remains cause for concern. The impact of HIV is considerable and threatens the survival and development of African societies. Although much has been attempted, the results still leave much to be desired. AIDS is an epidemic that... -
Evaluation of the Nigerian national antiretroviral (ARV) treatment training programme
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: E Oni Idigbe --- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR), Oluwole Odutolu --- World Bank/UNAIDS Global HIV/AIDS Monitoring and Evaluation Team (GAMET) and Harvard PEPFAR, Nigeria Prosper Okonkwo --- Harvard School of Public Health's President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, Nigeria Morenike Folayan --- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Rosemary Audu --- University of Lagos, Nigeria Osagbemi Makanjuola --- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Jos, Nigeria Charles BR Uwakwe --- Department of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Oluwatoyin Jolayemi --- AIDS Prevention Initiative Nigeria (APIN),There is an understanding that greater availability of HIV treatment for the 40.3 million people currently infected with HIV is a humanitarian imperative that could prolong the lives of millions, restore economic productivity, and stabilise societies in some of the... -
Compassion or condemnation? South African Muslim students' attitudes to people with HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Zubeda Paruk --- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Sitti Djamela Mohamed --- Health Promotion, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Cynthia Patel --- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Howard College Campus), Sarojini Ramgoon --- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Howard College Campus),Given the dearth of literature on the influence of religiosity on attitudes toward people with HIV/AIDS, the present study surveyed these variables in a sample of South African Muslim university students using the Religious Orientation Scale (ROS) and an attitude... -
Social constructions of gender roles, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS in two communities of the Western Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Anna Strebel --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Programme of the Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Mary Crawford --- Psychology Department, University of Conneticut, USA Tamara Shefer --- Women and Gender Studies Programme, University of the Western Cape, South Africa Allanise Cloete --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Programme of the Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Nomvo Dwadwa-Henda --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Programme of the Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Michelle Kaufman --- University of Conneticut, USA Leickness Simbayi --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Research Programme, Kgobati Magome --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Research Programme of the Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Seth Kalichman --- Psychology Department, University of Conneticut, USAThe links between gender roles, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS risk are complex and culturally specific. In this qualitative study we investigated how women and men in two black communities in the Western Cape, South Africa, constructed their gender identities and... -
Experiences of orphan care in Amach, Uganda: assessing policy implications
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christopher Oleke --- Ministry of Health - Uganda, Astrid Blystad --- University of Bergen, Norway Ole Bjørn Rekdal --- Bergen University College, Karen Marie Moland --- University of Bergen, NorwayUganda is estimated to have around two million orphans constituting approximately 19% of all the children in the country. This paper presents findings from a study on the experiences of orphan care among Langi people of Amach sub-county in Lira... -
HIV/AIDS through the lens of Christianity: Perspectives from a South African urban support group
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Khumbulani Hlongwana --- South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Malaria Research Programme, Sibongile Sylvia Mkhize --- Research Programme of Health Systems Trust (HST),HIV is one of the most obscure viruses that humankind has had to face in recent times. Compounding this obscurity are often contesting perspectives on what it means to be HIV infected, and these perspectives are largely constituted by people's... -
Met and unmet palliative care needs of people living with HIV/AIDS in Rwanda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jeannine Uwimana --- Kigali Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), P. Struthers --- University of the Western Cape,The rising number of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) worldwide has made health care professionals and policy makers search for accessible health care that will meet the needs of people who are suffering from the disease and enhance their quality... -
Linking anthropological analysis and epidemiological evidence: Formulating a narrative of HIV transmission in Acholiland of northern Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Michael Westerhaus --- Global Health Equity track, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USAFor twenty years, a region of northern Uganda known as Acholiland has been heavily affected by war, leading to the formation of internally displaced people's camps, rape, transactional sex and child abductions. While it is clear that the war has... -
Widowhood in the era of HIV/AIDS: A case study of Slaya District, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Constance Ambasa-Shisanya --- Family Health International,Luo women are believed to acquire contagious cultural impurity after the death of their husbands that is perceived as dangerous to other people. To neutralise this impure state, a sexual cleansing rite is observed. In the indigenous setting, the ritual... -
Understanding and measuring AIDS-related stigma in health care settings: A developing country perspective
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Vaishali Sharma Mahendra --- Population Council, India Laelia Gilborn --- Population Council, Shalini Bharat --- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, India Rupa Jakharia Mudoi --- Lawyers Collective HIV/AIDS Unit, Bangalore Office, India Indrani Gupta --- Health Policy Research Unit, Institute of Economic Growth, India Bitra George --- Stigma Reduction Operations Research Study, SHARAN, Luke Samson --- SHARAN, Celine Costello Daly --- Asia Pacific Regional Office of Family Health International, Julie Pulerwitz --- Horizons Program/Population Council,AIDS-related stigma and discrimination remain pervasive problems in health care institutions worldwide. This paper reports on stigma-related baseline findings from a study in New Delhi, India to evaluate the impact of a stigma-reduction intervention in three large hospitals. Data were... -
Food insecurity, HIV/AIDS pandemic and sexual behaviour of female commercial sex workers in Lagos metropolis, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: John Lekan Oyefara --- Obafemi Awolowo University, NigeriaThis study examined the role of hunger and food insecurity in the sexual behaviour of female commercial sex workers in Lagos metropolis, Nigeria within the context of HIV/AIDS. In addition, the study investigated the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs)... -
Report and policy brief from the 4th Africa Conference on Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research: Innovations in access to prevention, treatment and care in HIV/AIDS, Kisumu, Kenya, 29 April–3 May 2007
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: G. Setswe [CXX0001] K. Peltzer M. Banyini D. Skinner J. Seager S. Maile S. Sedumedi D. Gomis I. van der LindeAbout 520 delegates from all over Africa and 21 countries attended the conference. This report and policy brief summarises the key findings and suggested policy options that emerged from rapporteur reports of conference proceedings including the following themes: (1) Orphans... -
HIV/AIDS and family support systems: A situation analysis of people living with HIV/AIDS in Lagos State
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Adeyemi E. Oluwagbemiga --- Lagos State University, NigeriaCurrent statistics about the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Nigeria do not reveal the broader social and economic impacts of the disease on the family. The study therefore primarily aimed to address the socio-economic effects of HIV infection on individuals and their... -
HIV/AIDS prevention through peer education and support in secondary schools in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maretha Visser --- Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria,The implementation and evaluation of a peer education and support programme in secondary schools to prevent and reduce high-risk sexual behaviour amongst adolescents is discussed. The aims of the programme were to provide accurate information about HIV/AIDS, discuss and reconsider... -
A comprehensive programme addressing HIV/AIDS and gender based violence
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Madri Jansen van Rensburg --- Southern African Development Community,A survey was administered to 304 respondents participating from three areas near Welkom, South Africa. Face-toface interviews were conducted with women from randomly selected households to evaluate the impact of a service provision programme targeting women living with HIV/AIDS and... -
Using VCT statistics from Kenya in understanding the association between gender and HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kennedy Otwombe --- University of the Witwatersrand, Ndindi Mutisya --- Policy and Performance Department, Liverpool VCT, Care & Treatment (LVCT), Kenya Carolyne Ajema --- Liverpool VCT, Care & Treatment (LVCT), Kenya John Wanyungu --- National HIV/AIDS and STI Control Program, Ministry of Health, KenyaThis paper demonstrates the importance of utilising official statistics from the voluntary counselling and testing centres (VCT) to determine the association between gender and HIV infection rates in Kenya. The study design adopted was a record based survey of data... -
The role of HIV/AIDS committees in effective workplace governance of HIV/AIDS in South African small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jocelyn R Vass --- Human Science Research Council,The primary purpose of this study was to assess the role, status and scope of workplace HIV/AIDS committees as a means of effective workplace governance of the HIV/AIDS impact, and their role in extending social protective HIV/AIDS-related rights to employees... -
Perceptions of acceptability and utility of microbicides in Ghana, West Africa: A qualitative, exploratory study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Amanda E Tanner --- Section of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine,Vaginal microbicides, substances that may substantially decrease transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STI) including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), are currently in clinical trials. They are being presented as woman-initiated prevention methods that have the potential to be used without partners'... -
Diagnostic social de l'infection à VIH/Sida et stratégies endogènes de prévention à Gaoua, Burkina Faso
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Donmozoun Télesphore Somé --- HIV/AIDS & Reproductive Health Department of Centre MURAZ,Despite sensitising and prevention messages, women still remain concerned about AIDS in developing countries. How do they perceive the illness and methods of prevention? The objective of this study was to assess the social diagnosis of HIV/AIDS, and endogenous strategies... -
Sexual behaviour and condom use among university students in Madagascar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Onja Holisoa Rahamefy --- Research and Training Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Michèle Rivard --- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Madeleine Ravaoarinoro --- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Montreal, Lala Ranaivoharisoa --- Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Andriamiliharison Jean Rasamindrakotroka --- Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Richard Morisset --- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal,Although the number of known HIV-infected students in Madagascar increased significantly between 1989 and 1995, very little is known about student behaviour with regard to AIDS. The study objectives were: to describe Malagasy students' sexual behaviour and condom use; to... -
Confidentiality or continuity? Family caregivers' experiences with care for HIV/AIDS patients in home-based care in Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mokhantšo Makoae --- Child, Youth, Family and Social Development Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Ken Jubber --- Department of Sociology, University of Cape Town,In the context of poor access to antiretroviral therapies in sub-Saharan Africa, the minimum treatment package intended to treat opportunistic infections common with HIV infection is inadequate but appealing, since it presumes universal coverage of medical care for patients living... -
The Farmer Life School: experience from an innovative approach to HIV education among farmers in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kees Swaans --- Athena Institute for Research on Innovation and Communication in Health and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands Jacqueline Broerse --- Department Science Communication, Athena Institute for Research on Innovation and Communication in Health and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands Monique Salomon --- Centre for Environment, Agriculture and Development (CEAD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Maxwell Mudhara --- Farmer Support Group, Community Development and Outreach Division of the Centre for Environment, Agriculture and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Makhosazana Mweli --- , South Africa Joske Bunders --- Athena Institute of the VU University Amsterdam, the NetherlandsThe Farmer Life School (FLS) is an innovative approach to integrating HIV education into life skills and technical training for farmers. This study aims to gain insight into the strengths and weaknesses of this relatively new approach, through the implementation... -
Establishing support groups for HIV-infected women: Using experiences to develop guiding principles for project implementation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maretha Visser --- Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, Jonathan Mundell --- Kalafong Hospital,HIV-infected women need support to deal with their diagnosis as well as with the stigma attached to HIV. As part of their practical training, Master's-level psychology students negotiated with the staff of four clinics in townships in Tshwane, South Africa,... -
The political context of AIDS-related stigma and knowledge in a South African township community
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Brian Forsyth --- Yale University, Alain Vandormael --- Department of Sociology, University of Pretoria, Trace Kershaw --- Yale University School of Public Health, Janis Grobbelaar --- Department of Sociology, University of Pretoria,The purpose of this study was to examine the presentation of AIDS-related stigma and knowledge within the political context of the South African government's response to the AIDS epidemic. It was during the 2000 – 2004 period that key government... -
Condom use as part of the wider HIV prevention strategy: Experiences from communities in the North West Province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Marije Versteeg --- University of Pretoria, Montagu Murray --- Functional Household Programme at the Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria,Correct and consistent condom usage remains a pivotal strategy in reaching the target set by the South African government to reduce new HIV infections by 50% in the next 5 years. Studies have found that there has been an increase... -
Microcredit for people affected by HIV and AIDS: Insights from Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Dipankar Datta --- Concern Worldwide, Kenya James Njuguna --- Concern Worldwide, KenyaConsequences of HIV and AIDS are exponential in Kenya, touching not only the health of those infected, but also depleting socioeconomic resources of entire families. Access to financial services is one of the important ways to protect and build economic... -
Rapid assessment of drug use and sexual HIV risk patterns among vulnerable drugusing populations in Cape Town, Durban and Pretoria, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Charles Parry --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit (ADARU), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Petal Petersen --- ADARU/MRC, Tara Carney --- ADARU/MRC, Sarah Dewing [B0004] Richard Needle --- Vulnerable Populations Project of the Global AIDS Program (GAP), Centers of Disease Control,This exploratory study examines the links between drug use and high-risk sexual practices and HIV in vulnerable drug-using populations in South Africa, including commercial sex workers (CSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM), injecting drug users (IDUs) and non-injecting... -
Prevalence and social correlates of sexual intercourse among schoolgoing adolescents in Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kazhila Croffat Chinsembu --- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Namibia, Seter Siziya --- Department of Community Medicine of the School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Adamson S Muula --- Community and Public Health, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Emmanuel Rudatsikira --- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University,Adolescent sexuality is an important public health issue, as it affects risk to contract HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. The assessment of prevalence of sexual intercourse among adolescents is of public health significance, as it may guide policies and... -
Barriers and facilitators to patients' adherence to antiretroviral treatment in Zambia: a qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nawa Sanjobo --- Copperbelt University, Jan C Frich --- Research Unit for General Practice, University of Oslo, Atle Fretheim --- Preventive and International Health Care Unit, Norwegian Knowledge Centre for Health Services, NorwayPatients' adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is important for effective medical treatment of HIV/AIDS. We conducted a qualitative interview study in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia in 2006. The aim of the study was to explore patients' and health care... -
HIV-related needs for safety among male-to-female transsexuals (mak nyah) in Malaysia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Yik Koon Teh --- Faculty of Human and Social Development, University Utara, MalaysiaThis research, commissioned by the Malaysian AIDS Council in 2007, is qualitative and descriptive in nature. In depth face-to-face interviews were carried out with 15 mak nyah respondents from five major towns. The interviews were guided by an interview schedule... -
SISTA South Africa: The adaptation of an efficacious HIV prevention trial conducted with African-American women for isiXhosa-speaking South African women
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Dorina Saleh-Onoya [CXX0001] Nikia Danette Braxton --- Rollins School of Public Health Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University , Sibusiso Sifunda --- Health Promotion R & D Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC), Priscilla Reddy --- Health Promotion R & D Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC), Robert Ruiter --- Maastricht University, Bart van den Borne [B0006] Tiffany Pennick Walters --- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Delia Lang --- Rollins School of Public Health Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University , Gina M Wingood --- Department of Behavioral Science and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health,Although new HIV treatments continue to offer hope for individuals living with HIV, behavioural interventions shown to reduce HIV risk behaviour remain one of the most powerful tools in curbing the HIV epidemic. Unfortunately, the development of evidencebased HIV interventions... -
Review of national AIDS councils in Africa: Findings from five countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Charles Hongoro --- Policy Analysis Unit, Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa (HSRC), Akim J Mturi --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance (SAHARA), Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa (HSRC), Joshua Kembo --- Bureau of Market Research (BMR) at UNISA,National AIDS councils (NACs) were established in many African countries to co-ordinate the multi-sectoral response to HIV/ AIDS. Their main mandate is to provide strategic leadership and co-ordinate activities geared to fight against HIV/AIDS. This study sought to understand the... -
Gender differences in university students' HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and sexual behaviours in Malawi: a pilot study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Pierson RT Ntata --- Chancellor College, University of Malawi, Adamson S Muula --- Flinders University Medical School, Australia Seter Siziya --- Medical Biostatistics in the School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Edrinnie E Kayambazinthu --- English Department, Chancellor College, University of Medicine,A cross-sectional study was conducted among first-year university students in Malawi to determine distributions of HIV/AIDS related knowledge, and sexual behaviours. A total of 314 (199 male and 115 female) students were eligible to participate, and of these 221 (70.4%)... -
HIV/AIDS and Indian youth - a review of the literature (1980 – 2008)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Anita Nath --- , IndiaThe main objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the situation regarding HIV/AIDS among youth in India, and explore the possible strategies that could be effective in combating the spread of this disease. India is in... -
Correlates of condom use among sexually experienced secondary school male students in Nairobi, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Marcel Yotebieng --- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Health at the University of North Carolina, Carolyn Tucker Halpern --- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Ellen MH Mitchell --- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Medical Center, Ada Adimora --- Gillings School of Global Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,This study aimed to examine perceptual factors associated with condom use, and the relationship between condom use and the timing of sexual debut among male secondary school students in Nairobi, Kenya. Data are from the TeenWeb study, a school-based project... -
Attitude of health care workers to patients and colleagues infected with human immunodeficiency virus
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Ayebo E Sadoh --- Institute of Child Health, University of Benin, Wilson E Sadoh --- Department of Child health, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Adeniran Olubukola Fawole --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Ayo Oladimeji --- Federal Medical Centre, Nigeria Oladapo Sotiloye --- Federal Medical Centre, NigeriaDiscrimination against persons living with HIV/AIDS in hospital settings has been documented. This study examined the attitude of health care workers (HCWs) to nurses, doctors and patients infected with HIV. A total of 345 respondents selected by multistage sampling techniques... -
Challenges impacting on the quality of care to persons living with HIV/AIDS and other terminal illnesses with reference to Kanye community home-based care programme
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Simon M Kang'ethe --- Skill Share International,HIV/AIDS has been found to be a challenging disease to humanity, its challenge spin-offs falling especially on to the caregivers of those infected and affected by the virus. This paper aims to discuss the challenges influencing the state of caregiving... -
Military men and sexual practices: Discourses of ‘othering’ in safer sex in the light of HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nyameka Mankayi --- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaDespite recent reports that there is increasing condom use, generally resistance to condom use is still high. This paper focuses on factors inhibiting condom use and explores issues of responsibility for safe sex practices to prevent infection among a group... -
Ethical and practical challenges in implementing informed consent in HIV/AIDS clinical trials in developing or resource-limited countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kyriaki Mystakidou --- Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, University of Athens, Irene Panagiotou --- Athens Medical School, Stelios Katsaragakis --- Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Eleni Tsilika --- Department of Radiology, University of Athens at Areteion Hospital in the Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Efi Parpa --- Department of Radiology, University of Athens at Areteion Hospital in the Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit,Background/rationale: Ethical issues regarding HIV/AIDS human research in the developing world remain under continuous evaluation; a critical area of concern includes informed consent. This paper reviews several of the most important ethical and practical aspects of informed consent in HIV... -
Considering childbearing in the age of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART): Views of HIV-positive couples
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Vezumuzi Ndlovu [CXX0001]Objectives: Based on a qualitative study conducted in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, this article examines how the availability of HAART since April 2004 may impact the views and choices of HIV-positive couples on childbearing. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 couples... -
Sexual risk reduction among Zambian couples
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Ndashi Chitalu --- Department of Medicine, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Phillimon Ndubani --- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Zambia, Miriam Mumbi --- University of Zambia School of Medicine, Deborah L Jones --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Stephen M Weiss --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Olga Villar-Loubet --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Szonja Vamos --- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Drenna Waldrop-Valverde --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine,Zambia has over 1 million HIV infections nationwide and an urban prevalence rate of 23%. This study compared the impact of male involvement in multiple and single session risk reduction interventions among inconsistent condom users in Zambia and the role... -
Measuring HIV stigma for PLHAs and nurses over time in five African countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: William L Holzemer --- School of Nursing, University of California, Lucy N Makoae --- Faculty of Health Sciences in the Department of Nursing, National University of Lesotho, Minrie Greeff --- Africa Unit for Trans-disciplinary Health Research of the Faculty of Health Science, North-West University, Priscilla S Dlamini --- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Swaziland, Thecla W Kohi --- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Maureen L Chirwa --- University of Malawi, Joanne R Naidoo --- School of Nursing, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Kevin Durrheim --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Yvette Cuca --- School of Nursing, University of California, Leana R Uys --- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal,The aim of this article is to document the levels of HIV stigma reported by persons living with HIV infections and nurses in Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa, Swaziland and Tanzania over a 1-year period. HIV stigma has been shown to... -
Traditional healers as caregivers to HIV/AIDS clients and other terminally challenged persons in Kanye community home-based care programme (CHBC), Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: S. M. Kang'ethe --- Centre for Continuous Education (CCE), University of Botswana,The research study done at the Kanye village of Botswana was qualitative in design and exploratory in nature. While the broad goal aimed at assessing the contributions of caregivers in the Kanye CHBC programme, this article aims at evaluating the... -
Stigma, identity and resistance among people living with HIV in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jane Goudge --- Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Lenore Manderson --- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, and Faculty of Arts, Monash University, Australia Bulelwa Ngoma --- Centre for Health Policy, Helen Schneider --- Centre for Health Policy and Professor Extraordinarius, University of the Free State,AIDS-related stigma can cause delays in testing, poor treatment adherence, and greater numbers of new infections. Existing studies from low- and middle-income countries focus on the negative experiences of stigma, and few document resistance strategies. In this article we document... -
‘Triangulating’ AMPATH: Demonstration of a multi-perspective strategic programme evaluation method
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Thomas S Inui --- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., John E Sidle Winstone M Nyandiko Violet N Yebei Richard M Frankel David L Mossbarger David Ayuku Joyce Ballidawa Rose AyikukweiClinical programmes are typically evaluated on operational performance metrics of cost, quality and outcomes. Measures of patient satisfaction are used to assess the experience of receiving care, but other perspectives, including those of staff and communities, are not often sought... -
Provider-initiated HIV testing in health care settings: Should it include client-centered counselling?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Susan M Kiene --- Medicine and Community Health (Research), Brown University, Michael Stein --- Medicine and Community Health, Brown University, USA Moses Bateganya --- Makerere University (Internal Medicine), Rhoda Wanyenze --- Makerere University School of Public Health-CDC HIV Fellowship Programme, Uganda Kenneth Mayer --- The Fenway Institute/Fenway Health, Haruna Lule --- Gombe Hospital, UgandaTo increase access to HIV testing, the WHO and CDC have recommended implementing provider-initiated HIV testing (PITC). To address the resource limitations of the PITC setting, WHO and CDC suggest that patient-provider interactions during PITC may need to focus on... -
Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices of infant feeding in the context of HIV: A case study from western Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Juddy Wachira --- Moi University School of Public Health, Kenya Boaz Otieno-Nyunya --- GAP/CDC, Kenya Joyce Beatrice Ballidawa --- Department of Behavioural Sciences, Moi University School of Medicine, Paula Braitstein --- University of British Columbia, CanadaGuidelines for infant feeding options among HIV-positive mothers are changing with informative research. Cultural factors, socialisation processes, gender dimensions and socio-economic status within communities should be considered in recommending feasible and sustainable options. The objective of this study was to... -
AIDS-related knowledge and sexual behaviour among married and previously married persons in rural central Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Bruce H Noden --- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Aurelio Gomes --- Division of Infectious Diseases of the Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Aldina Ferreira --- Centre for Medical Research, Catholic University of Mozambique,HIV prevalence in central Mozambique is the highest in the country with high urban rates impacting on the rural areas. To identify potential factors influencing the spread of HIV in three sparsely populated districts in southern Sofala province, 847 married... -
Barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral medication adherence among HIV-infected paediatric patients in Ethiopia: A qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Sibhatu Biadgilign --- John Hopkins University's Technical Support for the Ethiopian HIV/AIDS ART Initiative, Amare Deribew --- Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Alemayehu Amberbir --- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Kebede Deribe --- FIDA, EthiopiaMedication adherence is a complex behaviour with multiple determinants. Understanding the barriers and facilitators of adherence is invaluable for programme improvement, which assists the foundation of adherence intervention strategies. A qualitative study was conducted in six selected hospitals of Addis... -
Descriptive systematic review of sub-Saharan African studies on the association between alcohol use and HIV infection
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Anne Pithey --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit (ADARU), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Charles Parry --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit (ADARU), South African Medical Research Council (MRC),The purpose of this review was to identify and assess studies that have quantified the association between alcohol consumption and HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa. PubMed, CAB Abstracts and article references were searched to identify studies published in English between... -
Food security in HIV/AIDS response: Insights from Homa Bay, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Dipankar Datta --- Concern Worldwide, India James Njuguna --- Concern Worldwide, KenyaThis paper examines the viability and effectiveness of a pilot farming initiative in reversing impacts of HIV/AIDS on the most affected households in Homa Bay, Kenya. The paper argues that once patients are stable, they can effectively be engaged in... -
Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and attitudes towards people living with HIV among the general staff of a public university in Malaysia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Yvonne Tee --- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Mary Huang --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , MalaysiaStigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV have been widely documented, and have extended their impact into the workplace. Stigmatising attitudes towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the workplace significantly hinder HIV prevention efforts and indirectly affect national... -
High levels of psychosocial readiness for ART in an African population at the onset of treatment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Brent Wolff --- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Martin Mbonye --- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Alex Coutinho --- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Uganda Barbara Amuron --- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Robert Nkabala --- The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Uganda Shabbar Jaffar --- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK Heiner Grosskurth --- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS,Adherence at the earliest stages of treatment is likely to be influenced by prior illness trajectories and future expectations, best captured (and addressed) before treatment begins. We examined the influence of illness trajectories and treatment expectations on psychosocial readiness to... -
Reaching the hearts and minds of illiterate women in the Amhara highland of Ethiopia: Development and pre-testing of oral HIV/AIDS prevention messages
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Gebeyehu W Bogale --- Educational Media Agency, Ethiopia Henk Boer --- University of Twente, The Netherlands Erwin R Seydel --- University of Twente, The NetherlandsIn the style of radio programmes, we developed three episodes of audio HIV prevention education for illiterate women in Ethiopia. We used social-oriented presentation formats, such as discussion between women on HIV prevention, and expert-oriented presentation formats, such as an... -
Self-reported adherence to HAART in South-Eastern Nigeria is related to patients' use of pill box
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Chinwe V Ukwe --- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Obinna I Ekwunife --- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Patrick O Udeogaranya --- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Ukamaka I Iwuamadi --- Orchad community Pharmacy,The aim of this study was to assess levels of adherence and predictors of adherence to HAART in South-Eastern Nigeria. Selfreported adherence to HAART was assessed at 4-week intervals for a period of 3 months. A 10-item questionnaire was used... -
Maternal HIV status and infant feeding practices among Ugandan women
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Pius Okong --- St Francis Hospital Nsambya, Praxedes Kituuka Namaganda --- Department of Paediatrics, St Francis Hospital Nsambya, Luciana Bassani --- St Francis Hospital Nsambya, Mary Mbidde Tabaro --- St Francis Hospital Nsambya, Francesca Zanetto --- St Joseph's Hospital, Edith Birungi Mwebaze --- Social Sector Planning and Management, Makerere University, Liliana Weimer --- Unit of Pharmacology and Therapy of Viral Diseases of the Department of Therapeutic Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (The Italian National Institute of Health), Lina Tomasoni --- Unit for Tropical and Imported Diseases, Spedali Civili General Hospital, Francesco Castelli --- Department for Mother and Child Care and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Brescia, Italy Marina Giuliano --- Unit of Pharmacology and Therapy of Viral Diseases of the Department of Therapeutic Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (The Italian National Institute of Health),To describe the infant feeding practices in the general population in Uganda, and to assess the impact of maternal HIV status on these practices, a questionnaire was administered to women attending the follow-up clinics for child vaccination. Among the mothers... -
Gender differences regarding barriers and motivators of HIV status disclosure among HIV-positive service users
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kebede Deribe --- , Ethiopia Kifle Woldemichael --- Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Bernard Joseph Njau --- Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Bereket Yakob --- NASTAD Global Programme, Ethiopia Sibhatu Biadgilign --- John Hopkins University-Technical Support for the Ethiopian HIV/AIDS ART Initiative, Alemayehu Amberbir --- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham,There are inconsistent findings about the relation between gender and HIV status disclosure. We conducted a facility-based cross-sectional study, using qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, to explore gender differences in HIV-positive status disclosure among service users in south-west Ethiopia... -
A qualitative exploration of HIV-positive pregnant women's decision-making regarding abortion in Cape Town, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Phyllis Orner --- Women's Health Research Unit in the School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Maria de Bruyn --- Ipas, USA Jane Harries --- Women's Health Research Unit in the School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Diane Cooper --- Women's Health Research Unit in the School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town,HIV-positive women's abortion decisions were explored by: (i) investigating influencing factors; (ii) determining knowledge of abortion policy and public health services; and (iii) exploring abortion experiences. In-depth interviews were held with 24 HIV-positive women (15 had an abortion; 9 did... -
‘They bring AIDS to us and say we give it to them’: Socio-structural context of female sex workers' vulnerability to HIV infection in Ibadan Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jennifer Muñoz --- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Adebola A Adedimeji --- Institute of Public Health Sciences, Yeshiva University, Olayemi Alawode [B0003]The aim of the study was to examine and describe the individual and structural-environmental factors that shape the vulnerability of brothel-based female sex workers (FSWs) in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria to HIV infection. A descriptive qualitative research design was utilised to... -
Perceived stigma among patients receiving antiretroviral treatment: A prospective randomised trial comparing an m-DOT strategy with standard-of- care in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Susan Kaai --- Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Canada Sandra Bullock --- Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Canada Avina Sarna --- Population Council, Matthew Chersich --- Centre for Health Policy, University of the Witwatersrand, Stanley Luchters --- International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ghent University, Belgium Scott Geibel --- Population Council, Paul Munyao --- ICAP, Kenya Kishorchandra Mandaliya --- , Kenya Marleen Temmerman --- Obstetrical Department, Ghent University Hospital, Naomi Rutenberg --- Population Council,HIV and AIDS remain highly stigmatised. Modified directly observed therapy (m-DOT) supports antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence but little is known about its association with perceived stigma in resource-constrained settings. In 2003, 234 HIV-infected adults enrolled in a two-arm randomised trial... -
The quality of material care provided by grandparents for their orphaned grandchildren in the context of HIV/AIDS and poverty: a study of Kopanong municipality, Free State
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Tsiliso Tamasane --- Human and Social Development Research Programmes, Human Sciences Research Council, Judith Head --- Department of Sociology, University of Cape Town,A pervasive argument in the literature on AIDS orphans in South Africa is that grandparents, who often care for their orphaned grandchildren, lack the material means to provide adequate care. This study investigated that claim in an area of ubiquitous... -
The role of community advisory boards in health research: Divergent views in the South African experience
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Priscilla Reddy --- Health Promotion Research and Development Unit, Medical Research Council, South Africa David Buchanan --- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Sibusiso Sifunda --- Health Promotion Research and Development Unit, Medical Research Council, South Africa Shamagonam James --- Health Promotion Research and Development Unit, Medical Research Council, South Africa Nasheen Naidoo --- Health Promotion Research and Development Unit, Medical Research Council, South AfricaIn the light of the growing involvement of community advisory boards (CABs) in health research, this study presents empirical findings of the functions and operations of CABs in HIV/AIDS vaccine trials in South Africa. The individual and focus group interviews... -
Social capital and the decline in HIV transmission – A case study in three villages in the Kagera region of Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Gasto Frumence --- Department of Development Studies, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania Japhet Killewo --- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania Gideon Kwesigabo --- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania Lennarth Nyström --- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Sweden Malin Eriksson --- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Sweden Maria Emmelin --- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, SwedenWe present data from an exploratory case study characterising the social capital in three case villages situated in areas of varying HIV prevalence in the Kagera region of Tanzania. Focus group discussions and key informant interviews revealed a range of... -
Negative stereotypes examined through the HIV and AIDS discourse: qualitative findings from white young people in Johannesburg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mzikazi Nduna --- Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Jacky Mendes --- Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand,Previous studies reporting perceptions of HIV and AIDS by white youth in South Africa suggest both explicit and implicit racial stereotypes and negative attitudes. This paper contributes to the literature on the discourse of racial stereotypes found in discussions about... -
Developing teacher self-efficacy via a formal HIV/AIDS intervention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Paul Webb --- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Anita Gripper --- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University,This study investigated the effects of a HIV/AIDS module on teachers' sense of self-efficacy regarding their ability to bring about behaviours in their learners which contribute to responsible living and a reduction of the spread of HIV in their communities... -
“I don't use a condom (with my regular partner) because I know that I'm faithful, but with everyone else I do”: The cultural and socioeconomic determinants of sexual partner concurrency in young South Africans
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Chris Kenyon --- GF Jooste Hospital, Andrew Boulle --- Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Motasim Badri --- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Valerie Asselman --- Infectious Diseases Referral Unit, GF Jooste Hospital,Finding ways to reduce the high rates of sexual partner concurrency is increasingly believed to be vital to controlling HIV spread in southern Africa. We describe the frequency and correlates of sexual partner concurrency in a representative sample of 3... -
An assessment of sex work in Swaziland: barriers to and opportunities for HIV prevention among sex workers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Shalote Chipamaunga --- Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Health Science Education, University of the Witwatersrand, Adamson S Muula --- University of Malawi College of Medicine, Ronald Mataya --- Loma Linda University School of Public Health, USAThe HIV situation in virtually all southern African countries is a generalised epidemic. Despite the fact that almost all adult age and social groups have high HIV prevalence estimates, sex workers are disproportionally affected, with prevalence estimates higher than the... -
Adoption of formal HIV and AIDS workplace policies: An analysis of industry/sector variations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Rhoda Bakuwa --- Human Resources Management, Malawi Polytechnic,Addressing HIV and AIDS is the responsibility of many stakeholders including private sector companies. However, increasing evidence reveals that the majority of companies around the world are yet to acknowledge and respond to HIV and AIDS as a workplace issue... -
Concurrent sexual and substance-use risk behaviours among female sex workers in Kenya's Coast Province: Findings from a behavioural monitoring survey
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Simon-Pierre Tegang --- People's Friendship University of Moscow, Russia S. Abdallah G. Emukule S. Luchters N. Kingola M. Barasa S. Mucheke P. MwarogoWhile many studies confirm the association between HIV, alcohol and injecting drug use by female sex workers (FSWs), little is known about their use of marijuana, khat and other substances and the association of these substances with HIV, risky sexual... -
Perceptions of the availability and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS awareness and intervention programmes by people with disabilities in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Regis Chireshe --- Faculty of Education, Walter Sisulu University, South Africa Edward Ntare Rutondoki --- Department of Psychology, Kyambogo University, Uganda Paul Ojwang --- Department of Community and Disability Studies, Kyambogo University, UgandaThe study investigated perceptions of the availability and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS awareness and intervention programmes by people with disabilities in Uganda. Participants (N=95) were made up of 15 leaders of disabled people's organisations (DPOs) and 80 people with disabilities (PWDs)... -
‘When I get better I will do the test’: Facilitators and barriers to HIV testing in Northwest Region of Cameroon with implications for TB and HIV/AIDS control programmes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nwarbébé Barnabas Njozing --- Public Health at the Division of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Sweden Kerstin E Edin --- Unit for Epidemiology and Global Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå Centre of Gender Studies, University, Anna-Karin Hurtig --- Public Health at the Division of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, SwedenThe World Health Organization has recommended collaborative activities between TB and HIV programmes with routine counselling and testing for HIV among TB patients in order to improve the uptake of HIV services. We carried out qualitative research interviews with 21... -
Determinants of extramarital sex by men in Tanzania: A case study of Mbeya region
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maurice CY Mbago --- Department of Statistics and Member of the Demographic Training Unit, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Francis J Sichona --- Department of Statistics and Member of the Demographic Training Unit, University of Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaThis paper attempts to identify some factors associated with extramarital sex by men in the Mbeya region of Tanzania using data from a survey conducted in 2003/2004. The choice of Mbeya region was prompted by the fact that it has... -
Social and economic consequences of HIV and AIDS on children: case study of a high-density community in Harare, Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joshua Kembo --- Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa,We present results from a household-based survey that was conducted in Mabvuku, a high-density community in Zimbabwe. The objective of the study was to improve understanding of social and economic consequences of HIV and AIDS on children. Children affected by... -
Addressing HIV/AIDS challenges in Uganda: does social capital generation by NGOs matter?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Roberts Kabeba Muriisa --- Faculty of Development Studies, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda Ishtiaq Jamil --- Department of Administration and Organization Theory, University of Bergen, NorwayHIV/AIDS has had devastating impacts in many countries, Uganda in particular. However, Uganda is depicted as one of the most successful countries in fighting HIV/AIDS. Among others, Uganda's success story is attributed to the open general environment which allows open... -
Male circumcision and its association with HIV infection and sexually transmitted diseases: evidence from 18 demographic and health surveys in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Samson Gebremedhin --- Hawassa University, EthiopiaThe study aimed to assess the association between male circumcision and HIV infection and STDs. The issue is controversial as various studies reported conflicting findings. A cross-sectional comparative study based on the secondary data of 18 Demographic Health Surveys (DHS),... -
The effects of psychological inoculation on cognitive barriers against condom use in women with HIV: A controlled pilot study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Benjamin Olley --- Clinical & Health Psychology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Moyosola Abbas --- Brunel University, UK Yori Gidron --- Free University of Brussels (VUB),Past studies have shown that in attempts to prevent HIV, health education yields little change in condom use. The reason may be that education fails to target barriers for changing behaviour. The present controlled pilot study tested whether psychological inoculation... -
Provision of psychosocial support for young people living with HIV: voices from the field
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Rena Greifinger --- One Love Project at Next Step, Bruce Dick --- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development, WHO,This review provides a synthesis of the experiences of organisations providing psychosocial support for young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) from throughout the world. Little research exists on psychosocial support for YPLHIV, with many providers uncertain about how to address... -
Factors influencing condom use among women in Ghana: an HIV/AIDS perspective
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Philip Baiden --- Department of Sociology, University of Western Ontario, Fernando Rajulton --- Department of Sociology, University of Western Ontario,Although in Ghana information on HIV infection and prevention, both in terms of quality and quantity, has increased considerably within the past few years, available literature indicates that behaviour change is yet to correspond with the amount of information and... -
Political and socio-economic instability: does it have a role in the HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Ramaswamy Premkumar [CXX0001] Achilles Tebandeke --- Walden University, USAMany sub-Saharan African countries are confronted by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This article reviews academic literature in the social sciences and health to discover why HIV/AIDS has become an epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa and not in other parts of the world... -
HIV/AIDS prisoners: a case study on quality of life in Roumieh, Lebanon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Diala F Ammar --- Lebanese American University, Lebanon Heyam L El Zein --- Lebanese American University, Lebanon Neal El Jor --- Lebanese American University,Prisons often lack the basic health services required by HIV/AIDS patients. As with many other chronic illnesses, the treatment of HIV is expensive in terms of medication, hygiene, testing and staff training. Strategies to combat the disease have been thoroughly... -
Changing trends and the impact of alcohol on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa: Review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mashiko Setshedi --- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Suzanne M de la Monte --- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University,The association between increased HIV infection and alcohol use has been extensively studied and is established. South Africa is among one of the sub-Saharan African countries with the highest prevalence and number of people living with HIV/AIDS in the world... -
HIV protective strategies among college students in Durban, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Pranitha Maharaj --- School of Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, John Cleland --- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine,There is growing concern about the high level of HIV infection among young people in South Africa. The aim of the study is to examine the HIV protective strategies used by college students with specific emphasis on variations by race... -
HIV counselling and testing utilisation and attitudes of male inmates in a South African prison
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Lelaka C Motshabi [B0001] Supa Pengpid --- Department of Health System Management and Policy, University of Limpopo, South Africa Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThe Department of Correctional Services Policy on the management of HIV and AIDS for offenders include voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) for HIV as one of the priorities in the rehabilitation of inmates. The aim of this study was to... -
A qualitative exploration of resilience in pre-adolescent AIDS orphans living in a residential care facility
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Anja Pienaar --- Centre for Health Systems Research & Development, Zendré Swanepoel --- Psychology of Education, University of the Free State, Hendrik van Rensburg --- CHSR&D (UFS), Christo Heunis --- CHSR&D (UFS),This article presents the findings of a study among a small group of South African AIDS orphans living in a residential care facility, Lebone Land. The research was conducted between June and September 2006. A qualitative, exploratory study consisting of... -
A systematic review of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination in India: Current understanding and future needs
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Shalini Bharat --- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, IndiaHIV/AIDS-related stigma is recognised as a major barrier to HIV prevention efforts and an impediment to mitigating its impact on individuals and communities. This paper reviews the existing research literature on AIDS stigma in India with the objective of documenting... -
Appraisal of the inherent socio-demographic dynamics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in four districts of South-Western Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: E. Agwu --- Tropical Disease Research Unit, Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Republic of Uganda V. Pazos --- Tropical Disease Research Unit, Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Republic of Uganda J. C. Ihongbe --- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Nigeria J. Ssengendo --- Social Sciences Research Division, Directorate of Postgraduate Studies and Research, Kampala International University, UgandaAlthough HIV prevalence in Uganda is much lower than it once was, AIDS is still claiming many lives each year with clear signs of escalating rural epidemics. The objective of this study was to appraise the socio-economic and demographic dynamics... -
HIV/AIDS knowledge, behaviour and beliefs among South African university students
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Preshani Reddy --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Jose Frantz --- University of the Western Cape,Globally, South Africa has the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS. In the absence of cure, prevention is the only available method to reduce HIV prevalence rates. This can only be obtained through behavioural change, which is associated with a good knowledge... -
Perceptions of door-to-door HIV counselling and testing in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Karen Kroeger --- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Allan W Taylor --- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Heather M Marlow --- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA Douglas T Fleming --- Bristol-Myers Squib Company, USA Vanessa Beyleveld --- Premiere Personnel, Botswana Mary Grace Alwano --- CTS Global Inc., Mabel Tebogo Kejelepula --- Ministry of Health, Botswana Kentsenao Busang Chilume --- Botswana National AIDS Coordination Agency, Botswana Dawn K Smith --- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Thierry Roels --- CDC's Division of Global HIV/Aids Programme, Peter Kilmarx --- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ZimbabwePrevalence of HIV infection in Botswana is among the highest in the world, at 23.9% of 15 – 49-year-olds. Most HIV testing is conducted in voluntary counselling and testing centres or medical settings. Improved access to testing is urgently needed... -
Ambiguous diagnosis, futile treatments and temporary recovery: Meanings of medical treatment among HIV/AIDS family caregivers providing care without ARVs
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mokhantšo Makoae --- Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC),The capacity of countries with high HIV and AIDS prevalence to provide antiretroviral treatment and care for all people who need support remains a public health challenge. In Lesotho, there are improvements in this area but the high proportion of... -
People's perceptions of HIV/AIDS as portrayed by their labels of the disease: the case of Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joyce T Mathangwane --- University of Botswana,It is typical of societies to come up with their own labels or names to any phenomenon that may befall them in the course of their life time. Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has been no exception to this... -
An evaluation of a refresher training intervention for HIV lay counsellors in Chongwe District, Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Charles Msisuka --- , Zambia Ikuma Nozaki --- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Kazuhiro Kakimoto --- Osaka Prefecture University, Motoko Seko --- Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Japan Mercy M S Ulaya --- National AIDS Council, ZambiaTo address a severe shortage of human resources for health, the Zambian Ministry of Health has begun to make use of lay counsellors for HIV counselling and testing. However, their skills and knowledge rarely have been reviewed or refreshed. We... -
Patients-to-healthcare workers HIV transmission risk from sharp injuries, Southern Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Biruck Desalegn [d204e18] Hunachew Beyene Ryo YamadaBackground: Accidental needlestick injury rate among healthcare workers in Hawassa is extremely high. Epidemiological findings proved the infectious potential of this injury contaminated with a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patient's blood. -
Social grants for people living with HIV and on antiretroviral therapy in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a longitudinal study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Karl Peltzer [d231e18]The aim of this study was to assess the predictors of the receipt of a disability grant (DG) status and the impact of the DG on health outcomes of HIV patients and on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a longitudinal study... -
Factors underlying taking a child to HIV care: implications for reducing loss to follow-up among HIV-infected and -exposed children
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Juddy Wachira [d221e18] Susan E Middlestadt Rachel Vreeman Paula BraitsteinObjective: With the aim of reducing pediatric loss to follow-up (LTFU) from HIV clinical care programs in sub-Saharan Africa, we sought to understand the personal and socio-cultural factors associated with the behavior of caregivers taking HIV-infected and -exposed children for... -
‘We are left in the cold’: Nurses’ perceptions and responses to antiretroviral treatment roll-out in the Free State, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Katinka de Wet [d217e18] Shirley du PlooyThe unprecedented roll-out of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South Africa is a complex process where no previous endeavour exists that can measure, predict, or direct an intervention of this scale. In the Free State province, unique characteristics and problems distinguish... -
HIV knowledge and health-seeking behavior in Zambézia Province, Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Carolyn M. Audet [d209e19] Mohsin Sidat Meridith Blevins Troy D. Moon Alfredo Vergara Sten H. VermundHIV prevalence rates in Zambézia Province were estimated to be 12.6% in 2009. A number of educational campaigns have been aimed at improving HIV transmission and prevention knowledge among community members in an effort to reduce infection rates. These campaigns... -
Risk factors associated with HIV infection among young persons aged 15–24 years: Evidence from an in-depth analysis of the 2005–06 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joshua Kembo [d118e18]This study focuses on factors that predispose young persons aged 15–24 years in Zimbabwe to infection from HIV. Using the Mosley and Chen framework, multivariate modelling was used to assess the effect of demographic, socio-economic and behavioural factors on the... -
Social and cultural aspects of HIV and AIDS in West Africa: A narrative review of qualitative research
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Helle Samuelsen [d133e18] Ole Norgaard Lise Rosendal OstergaardWith the increasing focus on the role of social aspects of the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, the need for an overview of existing research dealing with such issues has become more urgent. The objective of this article is to... -
Accessibility of antiretroviral therapy in Ghana: Convenience of access
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joyce Addo-Atuah [d138e18] Dick Gourley Greta Gourley Shelley I. White-Means Robin J. Womeodu Richard J. Faris Nii Akwei AddoThe convenience of accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART) is important for initial access to care and subsequent adherence to ART. We conducted a qualitative study of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and ART healthcare providers in Ghana in 2005. The objective... -
Peripheral neuropathy and quality of life of adults living with HIV/AIDS in the Rulindo district of Rwanda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Juvenal Biraguma [d147e18] Anthea RhodaAlthough the life expectancy of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) has increased in the past years, they could experience secondary illness such as peripheral neuropathy (PN). Therefore, they need to adapt to chronic disablement which could affect their quality of... -
The social construction of identity in HIV/AIDS home-based care volunteers in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Thirusha Naidu [d128e18] Yvonne Sliep Wenche DageidHome-based care volunteer (HBCV) identity and how it is shaped was the main focus of the study. Fifteen HBCVs were interviewed about their work and personal life stories and then interviewed reflectively using a narrative interviewing style. Specific attention was... -
Rewriting the narrative of the epidemiology of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Stefan Baral [d166e18] Nancy Phaswana-MafuyaThe fight against HIV remains complicated with contracting donor resources and high burden of HIV among reproductive age adults still often limiting independent economic development. In the widespread HIV epidemics of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), it is proposed that key populations... -
HIV prevention among female sex workers in Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: A. Scheibe [d176e14] F. M. Drame K. ShannonSex work occurs to meet the demand for sexual services and is a universal phenomenon. In Africa sex work takes many forms and is an important source of income for many women. Yet sex worker reproductive health needs remain largely... -
LGBT Africa: A social justice movement emerges in the era of HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Chris Beyrer [d151e18]LGBT communities are emerging across Africa in 2012. Many are emerging in the context of the continents severe HIV epidemic. Homophobia is a barrier to social acceptance and to health and other social services, but African communities are showing reliance... -
Transgender in Africa: Invisible, inaccessible, or ignored?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Geoffrey A. Jobson [d170e19] Liesl B. Theron Julius K. Kaggwa He-Jin KimTransgender people are an important key population for HIV risk globally, and several studies have found HIV prevalence rates in transgender populations that are significantly higher than those among other key populations such as men who have sex with men... -
Drug trafficking, use, and HIV risk: The need for comprehensive interventions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jessie Mbwambo [d186e18] Sheryl A. McCurdy Bronwyn Myers Barrot Lambdin Gad Paul Kilonzo Pamela KaduriThe rapid increase in communication and transportation between Africa and other continents as well as the erosion of social fabric attended by poverty, ethnic conflicts, and civil wars has led to increased trafficking and consumption of illicit drugs. Cannabis dominates... -
A decade of research involving men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa: Current knowledge and future directions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nicholas Muraguri Marleen Temmerman Scott Geibel [d199e38]It has been just over 10 years since the first large behavioral survey of men who have sex with men (MSM) was implemented in Senegal in 2001. Since then, behavioral and/or HIV prevalence surveys have been conducted in over 14... -
Assessing the effects of anti-homosexuality legislation in Uganda on HIV prevention, treatment, and care services
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Paul Semugoma [d194e18] Chris Beyrer Stefan BaralUganda's response to the HIV epidemic has been lauded for its robustness and achievements. However, a key component of HIV prevention programming has been missing, for men who have sex with men (MSM). The main reason cited has been criminalization... -
Stigma as ‘othering’ among Christian theology students in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Adrian D. Van Breda [d74e19]HIV is a health and developmental crisis that has profoundly challenged the Christian church in sub-Saharan Africa. Responding to stigma and prejudice against HIV and people living with HIV and AIDS has been a major concern of theologians and Christian... -
Taxi ‘sugar daddies’ and taxi queens: Male taxi driver attitudes regarding transactional relationships in the Western Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Cheryl Potgieter [d53e18] Anna Strebel Tamara Shefer Claire WagnerMedia reports are emerging on the phenomenon of young girls who travel with older mini-bus taxi drivers, and who are thought to have sex with the drivers in exchange for gifts and money. The extent to which such relationships might... -
Sanctuary or double-edged sword? Challenges confronting adolescents living at Nkosi's Haven in Johannesburg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nkosiyazi Dube Eleanor Ross [d59e26]Living in an institution associated with HIV and AIDS is likely to exacerbate difficulties experienced by teenagers who have to cope with the normal stresses of adolescence. The aim of the study was to explore the challenges that adolescents living... -
Kwazulu-Natal minibus taxi drivers' perceptions on HIV and AIDS: Transmission, prevention, support and effects on the industry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Gugu Mchunu [d44e18] Busisiwe Ncama Joanne Rachel Naidoo Sisana Majeke Thandazile Myeza Thandiwe Ndebele Padmini PillayIn South Africa, the minibus taxi drivers are largely becoming another high-risk category in the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Although previous studies have shown that knowledge of HIV and AIDS is relatively high among the taxi drivers it is still... -
Efficacy of a lay health worker led group antiretroviral medication adherence training among non-adherent HIV-positive patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Results from a randomized trial
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Karl Peltzer [d77e18] Shandir Ramlagan Deborah Jones Stephen M. Weiss Henry Fomundam Lucia ChanetsaThere is a lack of theory-based randomized controlled trials to examine the effect of antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa. We assessed the effectiveness of a lay health worker lead structured group intervention to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in... -
Adolescent religiosity and attitudes to HIV and AIDS in Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kofi Nyame Amoako-Agyeman [d41e19]This study investigated the relationships between adolescent religiosity and attitudes to HIV/AIDS based on two major techniques of analysis, factor and regression analysis towards informing preventive school education strategies. Using cross-sectional data of 448 adolescents in junior high school, the... -
Measuring change in vulnerable adolescents: Findings from a peer education evaluation in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Sharlene Swartz [d63e18] Charles Deutsch Mokhantšo Makoae Barbara Michel James Hamilton Harding Gabrielle Garzouzie Amanda Rozani Toby Runciman Ingrid Van der HeijdenIntroduction: In the context of poverty and HIV and AIDS, peer education is thought to be capable of providing vulnerable youth with psychosocial support as well as information and decision-making skills otherwise limited by scarce social and material resources. As... -
Researching to make a difference: Possibilities for social science research in the age of AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Naydene de Lange [d99e14]HIV and AIDS is recognized as one of the most devastating pandemics of sub-Saharan Africa, and South Africa in particular, with adverse effect on individuals, families, schools, communities and society at large. Research is therefore required to provide a deeper... -
‘Checkmating HIV&AIDS’: Using chess to break the silence in the classroom
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Omar Esau [d110e14]In this article, I give an account of my ‘Checkmating HIV&AIDS’ action research project, which was an attempt to break the ‘culture of silence’ concerning HIV&AIDS and sex and sexuality in my classroom. In this project, I focused specifically on... -
Equipping educators to address HIV and AIDS: A review of selected teacher education initiatives
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: W. L. (Bill) Holderness [d91e15]Teacher educators, school principals and teachers are potentially well positioned to play a pivotal role in changing the course of the HIV and AIDS epidemic. The purpose of this article is to focus on a spectrum of educational initiatives in... -
Using HIV&AIDS statistics in pre-service Mathematics Education to integrate HIV&AIDS education
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Linda van Laren [d85e14]In South Africa, the HIV&AIDS education policy documents indicate opportunities for integration across disciplines/subjects. There are different interpretations of integration/inclusion and mainstreaming HIV&AIDS education, and numerous levels of integration. Integration ensures that learners experience the disciplines/subjects as being linked and... -
‘Every teacher is a researcher!’: Creating indigenous epistemologies and practices for HIV prevention through values-based action research
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Lesley Wood [d88e14]Since gender is an undisputed driver of HIV infection, teachers concerned with HIV prevention education should ideally encourage critical awareness of and culturally sensitive practices around gender inequalities. Many interventions and programmes have been developed for teachers to enable them... -
Process evaluation of school-based peer education for HIV prevention among Yemeni adolescents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Buthaina Al-Iryani [d357e18] Huda Basaleem Khaled Al-Sakkaf Gerjo Kok Bart van den BorneIn 2005, a survey was conducted among all the 27 high schools of Aden, which revealed low levels of knowledge on major prevention measures, and a high level of stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV (PLWH). The results served... -
Experience of stigma and discrimination and the implications for healthcare seeking behavior among people living with HIV/AIDS in resource-limited setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Taddese Alemu Sibhatu Biadgilign [d367e28] Kebede Deribe Horacio Ruiseñor EscuderoBackground: Stigma and discrimination can limit access to care and treatment services. Stigma hides HIV from the public, resulting in reduced pressure for behavioral change. For effective behavior change, empirically grounded and theory-based behavioral change approaches are fundamental as a... -
Perception of HIV/AIDS among the Igbo of Anambra State, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Caroline Okumdi Muoghalu [d353e19] Samuel Ayodele JegedePerception is fundamental in the fight against stigmatization of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). Perception generally influences discriminatory attitudes towards PLHIV which exacerbates their problems and quickens the degeneration of the disease from HIV to AIDS. This study examined the... -
Experiences of sexual relationships of young black women in an atmosphere of coercion
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Frances Clüver [d373e18] Diane Elkonin Charles YoungNegotiations surrounding sexual activity are characterised by multiple power disparities that include race, social status and age, with gender being the most dominant differential in heterosexual interactions. Research has shown that women are physiologically more at risk of contracting HIV... -
The treatment action campaign and the three dimensions of lawyering: Reflections from the rainbow nation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Hassan Ahmad [d364e18]The spread and perpetuation of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa has hindered the country's social and economic growth after apartheid. This paper documents my experiences while working with the Projects Abroad Human Rights Office and specifically my interactions with... -
Comparison of the health-related quality of life, CD4 count and viral load of AIDS patients and people with HIV who have been on treatment for 12 months in rural South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jude Igumbor [d348e18] Aimee Stewart William HolzemerThis study compared the level of CD4 count, viral load and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) between treatment-naïve AIDS patients and a cohort of people living with HIV who have been on treatment for 12 months. This study is based... -
Understanding culture and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Steven Sovran [d378e18]Early in the study of HIV/AIDS, culture was invoked to explain differences in the disease patterns between sub-Saharan Africa and Western countries. Unfortunately, in an attempt to explain the statistics, many of the presumed risk factors were impugned in the... -
Self-care among caregivers of people living with HIV and AIDS in Kakola location, Nyando District, Kisumu County, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Leila Moraa Geteri [cor1] Evelyn Mandela Angogo [AN2]This study was carried out in Kakola Location of Nyando District in Kenya. The aim of study was to determine the factors influencing the practice of self-care among caregivers for person living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs) as well as their practice... -
A review of the response to HIV/AIDS in Trinidad and Tobago: 1983–2010
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christine Laptiste --- , , Trinidad Vyjanti Beharry --- , , Trinidad Patricia Edwards-Wescott --- , , TrinidadThis paper examines the character of the response to HIV/AIDS in Trinidad and Tobago and assesses the impact of the response on reducing the spread of the epidemic. The launch of the National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan in 2004 signalled the... -
HIV-related symptoms and management in HIV and antiretroviral therapy patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: A longitudinal study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- , South AfricaAim: The study aimed to determine the prevalence, predictors, and self-reported management of HIV- or ARV-related symptoms among HIV patients prior to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and over three time points while receiving ART in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Method: A total... -
HIV knowledge, disclosure and sexual risk among pregnant women and their partners in rural South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Molatelo Elisa Shikwane --- , South Africa Olga M. Villar-Loubet --- , USA Stephen M. Weiss --- , USA Karl Peltzer --- , South Africa Deborah L. Jones --- , USAPartner involvement has been deemed fundamental for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, although it remains difficult to achieve. This study aimed to explore the attitudes and behaviours of pregnant women and their partners who participated in a... -
Consensus on context-specific strategies for reducing the stigma of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Zambézia Province, Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Abraham Mukolo --- , , USA Isabel Torres --- , Mozambique Ruth M. Bechtel --- , Mozambique Mohsin Sidat --- , , Mozambique Alfredo E. Vergara --- , USAStigma has been implicated in poor outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) care. Reducing stigma is important for HIV prevention and long-term treatment success. Although stigma reduction interventions are conducted in Mozambique, little is known about the... -
The physical activity levels among people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome receiving high active antiretroviral therapy in Rwanda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: J.M. Frantz --- , South Africa A. Murenzi --- , South AfricaThe accessibility of high active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for local human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients is improving in Rwanda. It is well known that this therapy is associated with serious adverse effects, such as metabolic and morphologic changes. One of... -
The association between social networks and self-rated risk of HIV infection among secondary school students in Moshi Municipality, Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Elizabeth J. Lyimo --- , Tanzania Jim Todd --- , UK Lisa Ann Richey --- , , Denmark Bernard Njau --- , TanzaniaThis study describes the social networks of secondary school students in Moshi Municipality, and their association with self-rated risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 300 students aged 15–24 years in 5 secondary... -
Adolescent experiences of HIV and sexual health communication with parents and caregivers in Soweto, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christine N. Soon --- , , Canada Angela Kaida --- , , Canada Busi Nkala --- , , South Africa Janan Dietrich --- , , South Africa Angela Cescon --- , Canada Glenda Gray --- , , South Africa Cari L. Miller --- , , CanadaCommunication about sexual health between parents and adolescents has been shown to have a protective influence on behaviours that reduce the risk of HIV transmission. This study explored experiences of HIV and sexual health (HSH) communication between parents and/or caregivers... -
Changes in sexual behaviour and practice and HIV prevalence indicators among young people aged 15–24 years in Zambia: An in-depth analysis of the 2001–2002 and 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Surveys
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joshua Kembo --- , South AfricaHIV and AIDS still pose a major public health problem to most countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Zambia included. The objective of the paper is to determine changes in selected sexual behaviour and practice and HIV prevalence indicators between 2001–2002 and... -
The role of culture in effective HIV/AIDS communication by theatre in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Chijioke Uwah --- , , South AfricaThe need to effectively communicate HIV/AIDS messages in South Africa, given the high prevalence of the pandemic, cannot be overemphasised. Communication scholars have long emphasised the need to recognise adherence to cultural norms of target communities as catalyst for effective... -
The social and gender context of HIV disclosure in sub-Saharan Africa: A review of policies and practices
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Sarah Bott Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer [d314e29]This paper reviews the legal and policy context of HIV disclosure in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as what is known about rates, consequences and social context of disclosure, with special attention to gender issues and the role of health services... -
Partager l'information sur son statut sérologique VIH dans un contexte de polygamie au Sénégal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Khoudia Sow [d345e18]In Senegal, where HIV prevalence is less than 1% and stigma remains important, 40% of marriages are polygamic. The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the motivations, benefits and constraints related to HIV disclosure, and to explore... -
Parental HIV disclosure in Burkina Faso: Experiences and challenges in the era of HAART
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Georges Tiendrebeogo [d318e18] Fabienne Hejoaka Edwige Mireille Belem Pascal Louis Germain Compaoré Liezel Wolmarans André Soubeiga Nathalie OuangraouaIncreasingly parents living with HIV will have to confront the dilemmas of concealing their lifelong treatment or disclosing to their children exposed to their daily treatment practices. However, limited data are available regarding parental HIV disclosure to children in Burkina... -
The duty to disclose in Kenyan health facilities: a qualitative investigation of HIV disclosure in everyday practice
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Eileen Moyer [d338e14] Emmy Kageha Igonya Rosalijn Both Peter Cherutich Anita HardonDisclosure of HIV status is routinely promoted as a public health measure to prevent transmission and enhance treatment adherence support. While studies show a range of positive and negative outcomes associated with disclosure, it has also been documented that disclosing... -
Le conseil post-test encourage-t-il les PVVIH à partager leur statut sérologique? Pratiques et suggestions des conseillers au Burkina Faso
Does post-test counseling support PLHIV in disclosing their HIV status? Practices and propositions by counselors in Burkina Faso Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Odette Ky-Zerbo [d309e18] Jean-François Somé Fodé SimagaDisclosure of HIV test results is discussed during post-test counseling, following norms. However, while barriers to disclosing a positive HIV result have been documented, the literature is sparse on the way guidelines are applied in the field. The aim of... -
L'annonce du statut VIH de l'enfant : expériences des mères et interprétations des soignants au Burkina Faso
Disclosure of infant HIV status: mothers' experiences and health workers' interpretations in Burkina Faso Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Alice Desclaux [d305e18] Chiara AlfieriL'annonce du statut sérologique d'un enfant constitue une situation particulière qui ne peut pas obéir aux recommandations générales pour le counseling définies pour des adultes; elle est très peu normée. Alors que les programmes de Prévention de la Transmission Mère-Enfant... -
Perception of risk of HIV infections and sexual behaviour of the sexually active university students in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Njabulo Nkomazana --- , , Republic of South Africa Pranitha Maharaj --- , , Republic of South AfricaThe study sought to establish university students' perceptions of risk of HIV infections. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 345 sexually active students at two universities in Zimbabwe (one state and one private). Results revealed that above a quarter of... -
Parenting experiences of couples living with human immunodeficiency virus: A qualitative study from rural Southern Malawi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Belinda Chimphamba Gombachika --- , , Norway Johanne Sundby --- , , Norway Ellen Chirwa --- , , Malawi Address Malata --- , , MalawiThe advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has allowed couples living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to live longer and healthier lives. The reduction in the mother-to-child transmission of HIV has encouraged some people living with HIV (PLWH) to have children... -
Feasibility and acceptability of a bar-based sexual risk reduction intervention for bar patrons in Tshwane, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Neo K. Morojele --- , , South Africa Naledi Kitleli --- , , South Africa Kgalabi Ngako --- , , South Africa Connie T. Kekwaletswe --- , , South Africa Sebenzile Nkosi --- , , South Africa Katherine Fritz --- , USA Charles D.H. Parry --- , , South AfricaAlcohol consumption is a recognised risk factor for HIV infection. Alcohol serving establishments have been identified as appropriate venues in which to deliver HIV prevention interventions. This paper describes experiences and lessons learnt from implementing a combined HIV prevention intervention... -
Is HIV/AIDS a consequence or divine judgment? Implications for faith-based social services. A Nigerian faith-based university's study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Israel B. Olaore --- , , Nigeria Augusta Y. Olaore --- , , NigeriaA contemporary reading of Romans 1:27 was disguised as a saying by Paul Benjamin, AD 58 and administered to 275 randomly selected members of a private Christian university community in south western Nigeria in West Africa. Participants were asked to... -
TB/HIV risk factors identified from a General Household Survey of South Africa in 2006
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Sathiya Susuman Appunni --- , , South Africa Renette Blignaut --- , , South Africa Siaka Lougue --- , , South AfricaThe level of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis (TB) as well as the co-infection TB/HIV in South Africa is among the highest in the world. TB is curable while HIV is not, yet the combination of both is a growing... -
Prevalence and mitigation strategies of HIV/AIDS infection risks in Namibian tertiary education institutional hostels
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Roderick F. Zimba --- , Namibia Gilbert N. Likando --- , NamibiaThe purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors that could promote HIV infection amongst adolescents and young adults living in tertiary educational institutional hostels in Namibia. Employing structured questionnaires and focus group discussions, we sought to answer questions... -
Early infant male circumcision for human immunodeficiency virus prevention: knowledge and attitudes of women attending a rural hospital in Swaziland, Southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Prudence Jarrett --- , , UK Merav Kliner --- , , UK John Walley --- , , UKSwaziland has the highest prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the world at 26% of the adult population. Medical male circumcision (MMC) has been shown to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV from heterosexual sex by up to 60%... -
Conflicting discourses of church youths on masculinity and sexuality in the context of HIV in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Hendrew Lusey --- , , Democratic Republic of Congo Miguel San Sebastian --- , , Sweden Monica Christianson --- , , Sweden Lars Dahlgren --- , , Sweden Kerstin E. Edin --- , , SwedenMasculinity studies are fairly new and young churchgoers are an under-researched group in the current Congolese church context. In response to this knowledge gap, this paper attempts to explore discourses of young churchgoers from deprived areas of Kinshasa regarding masculinity... -
Understanding of the risk of HIV infection among the elderly in Ga-Rankuwa, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Eucebious Lekalakala-Mokgele --- , , South AfricaThe literature pertaining to the elderly shows that HIV infection among this population is on the increase, suggesting that the elderly population engages in activities risky for HIV infection. Reports on such behaviour include frequent sexual relations with much younger... -
My secret: The social meaning of HIV/AIDS stigma
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: N. Judgeo --- , South Africa K.P. Moalusi --- , South AfricaThis study uses Goffman's [1963. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall] theory of stigma as an intellectual scaffold to help understand the social meaning of HIV/AIDS stigma from People Living with HIV/AIDS. The study adopts... -
Perceptions about the acceptability and prevalence of HIV testing and factors influencing them in different communities in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Yoliswa Ntsepe --- , , South Africa Leickness C. Simbayi --- , , South Africa Olive Shisana --- , South Africa Thomas Rehle --- , , South Africa Musawenkosi Mabaso --- , , South Africa Nolusindiso Ncitakalo --- , , South Africa Alicia Davids --- , , South Africa Yogandra Dhee Naidoo --- , , South AfricaHIV counselling and testing (HCT) is considered important because it is an entry point to a comprehensive continuum of care for HIV/AIDS. The South African Department of Health launched an HCT campaign in April 2010, and this reached 13,269,746 people... -
Acceptabilité du test VIH proposé aux nourrissons dans les services pédiatriques, en Côte d'Ivoire, Significations pour la couverture du diagnostic pédiatrique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maxime Oga --- , Côte d'Ivoire Hermann Brou --- , , Côte d'Ivoire Hortense Dago-Akribi --- , , Abidjan-Cocody Patrick Coffie --- , , Côte d'Ivoire Clarisse Amani-Bossé --- , Côte d'Ivoire Didier Ékouévi --- , , Côte d'Ivoire Vincent Yapo --- , , Côte d'Ivoire Hervé Menan --- , , Côte d'Ivoire Camille Ndondoki --- , , France M. Timité-Konan --- , Côte d'Ivoire Valériane Leroy --- , , FranceProblème: Le dépistage VIH chez les enfants a rarement été au centre des préoccupations des chercheurs. Quand le dépistage pédiatrique a retenu l'attention, cela a été pour éclairer seulement sur les performances diagnostiques en ignorant même que le test pédiatrique... -
HIV in (and out of) the clinic: Biomedicine, traditional medicine and spiritual healing in Harare
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Stephen O'Brien --- , , Australia Alex Broom --- , , AustraliaContemporary lived experiences of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are shaped by clinical and cultural encounters with illness. In sub-Saharan countries such as Zimbabwe, HIV is treated in very different ways in various therapeutic contexts including by biomedical experts, traditional... -
Experiences of HIV-related stigma among HIV-positive older persons in Uganda – a mixed methods analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Monica O. Kuteesa --- , Uganda Stuart Wright --- , , UK Janet Seeley --- , Uganda Joseph Mugisha --- , Uganda Eugene Kinyanda --- , Uganda Frederick Kakembo --- , USA Richard Mwesigwa --- , USA Francis Scholten --- , UgandaThere is limited data on stigma among older HIV-infected adults in sub-Saharan Africa. We describe the experiences of stigma and disclosure in a cohort of HIV-positive older people in Uganda. Using data from the Wellbeing of Older Peoples' Study of... -
Experiences of people living with HIV and people living close to them of a comprehensive HIV stigma reduction community intervention in an urban and a rural setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Heleen French --- , , South Africa Minrie Greeff --- , , South Africa Martha J. Watson --- , , South AfricaHIV stigma remains high globally. Although there is a selection of HIV stigma reduction interventions discussed in the literature, there is a paucity of research about the effectiveness of these interventions. This study aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of... -
High-risk behaviors among adult men and women in Botswana: Implications for HIV/AIDS prevention efforts
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mpho Keetile --- , , BotswanaThe government of Botswana has been spending a lot of money in the prevention, treatment, care and support for HIV/AIDS patient for decades. This paper uses data from the third Botswana AIDS Impact Survey (BAIS III) to explore high-risk behaviors... -
The constraints of antiretroviral uptake in rural areas: the case of Thamaga and surrounding villages, Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Matlhogonolo Bene --- , , Botswana Michael B.K. Darkoh --- , , BotswanaThis article examines the constraints of antiretroviral (ARV) uptake in the villages of Thamaga, Kumakwane, Mankgodi and Gakgatla which are in the Kweneng District of Botswana. The social interactionist approach and theories of health behaviour provided the theoretical basis of... -
The reliability of the modified lower extremity functional scale among adults living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy, in Rwanda, Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: D.K. Tumusiime --- , , Rwanda A. Stewart --- , , South Africa F.W.D. Venter --- , , South Africa E. Musenge --- , , South AfricaPeripheral neuropathy (PN) is common among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and affects their daily functional ability and quality of life. Lower extremity functional ability, which is most commonly compromised in patients with PN, has not... -
Interplay between economic empowerment and sexual behaviour and practices of migrant workers within the context of HIV and AIDS in the Lesotho textile industry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Pius Tangwe Tanga --- , , South Africa Magdaline Nji Tangwe --- , , South AfricaEconomic empowerment brings with it a wide range of consequences, both positive and negative. The objective of this paper was to examine the relationship between economic empowerment and the sexual behaviour and practices of migrant workers within the context of... -
Health behaviour change of people living with HIV after a comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction intervention in North-West Province in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: H. Christa Chidrawi --- , , South Africa Minrie Greeff --- , , South Africa Q. Michael Temane --- , , South AfricaAll over the world, health behaviour is considered a complex, far reaching and powerful phenomenon. People's lives are influenced by their own or others' health behaviour on a daily basis. Whether it has to do with smoking, drinking, pollution, global... -
Sexual and reproductive health perceptions and practices as revealed in the sexual history narratives of South African men living in a time of HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Erin Stern --- , , South Africa Asta Rau --- , , South Africa Diane Cooper --- , , South AfricaThe frequent positioning of men's sexual risk-taking as driving the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa has triggered interest in men's sexual and reproductive health (SRH) perceptions, attitudes, and practices. Much research, however, presents men as a homogenous group, and focuses... -
‘Dented’ and ‘Resuscitated’ masculinities: The impact of HIV diagnosis and/or enrolment on antiretroviral treatment on masculine identities in rural eastern Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Godfrey E. Siu --- , Uganda Daniel Wight --- , United Kingdom Janet Seeley --- , , United KingdomThere is limited research on the impact of HIV or its treatment on men's identity construction and gender roles in sub-Saharan Africa. Based on in-depth research with 26 men in rural Uganda, this article discusses men's vulnerabilities and shifting gender... -
Factors that influence utilisation of HIV/AIDS prevention methods among university students residing at a selected university campus
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Eléazar Ndabarora --- , , South Africa Gugu Mchunu --- , , South AfricaVarious studies have reported that university students, who are mostly young people, rarely use existing HIV/AIDS preventive methods. Although studies have shown that young university students have a high degree of knowledge about HIV/AIDS and HIV modes of transmission, they... -
‘We keep her status to ourselves’: Experiences of stigma and discrimination among HIV-discordant couples in South Africa, Tanzania and Ukraine
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Laetitia C. Rispel --- , , South Africa Allanise Cloete --- , , South Africa Carol A. Metcalf --- , South AfricaIn HIV-discordant relationships, the HIV-negative partner also carries the burden of a stigmatised disease. For this reason, couples often hide their HIV-discordant status from family, friends and community members. This perpetuates the silence around HIV-discordant relationships and impacts on targeted... -
Acceptability, feasibility and challenges of implementing an HIV prevention intervention for people living with HIV/AIDS among healthcare providers in Mozambique: Results of a qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Prafulta Jaiantilal --- , , Mozambique Sarah A. Gutin --- , , USA Beverley Cummings --- , , Mozambique Francisco Mbofana --- , , Mozambique Carol Dawson Rose --- , , USADespite the Mozambique government's efforts to curb human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), national prevalence is 11.5% and support is needed to expand HIV-related services and improve program quality. Positive prevention (PP) programs, which prioritize HIV prevention with... -
Trends in HIV risk behaviour of incoming first-year students at a South African university: 2007–2012
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Rénette J. Blignaut --- , , South Africa Joachim Jacobs --- , South Africa Tania Vergnani --- , South AfricaThe aim of the research on which this article is based was to understand the behavioural changes of the target student population over time to ensure that future prevention programmes are more effective in changing behaviour. This study reports on... -
Correlates of concurrency among young people in Carletonville, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Chris Kenyon --- , , Belgium Robert Colebunders --- , BelgiumThere is still a considerable debate about whether socioeconomic or cultural factors underpin the high prevalence of sexual partner concurrency in parts of Southern and Eastern Africa. We analyzed the patterning and correlates of concurrency in a population-based sample of... -
Talk radio as the soundtrack of our lives: Participatory HIV/AIDS communication, public self-expression and Positive Talk
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mariekie Burger --- , , South AfricaDespite the many HIV/AIDS communication initiatives, combined with support and infrastructural support in South Africa, risky behaviour associated with the spread of the epidemic is increasing amongst many groups. This calls for a re-evaluation of endeavours aimed at curbing the... -
Influence of the home environment on the prevention of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: A. Sewnunan --- , , South Africa L.M. Modiba --- , , South AfricaThe human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is still a ‘family crises’ which marks the beginning of the deterioration of the family unit and the trauma in the emotional, psychological and material lives of both the mother and... -
The convergence of HIV/AIDS and customary tenure on women's access to land in rural Malawi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Naomi Tschirhart --- , , Canada Lucky Kabanga --- , , Malawi Sue Nichols --- , , CanadaThis paper examines the convergence of HIV/AIDS and the social processes through which women access customary land in rural Malawi. Data were collected from focus group discussions with women in patrilineal and matrilineal communities. Women's land tenure is primarily determined... -
Responses to the global HIV and AIDS pandemic: a study of the role of faith-based organisations in Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Dejo Olowu --- , , NigeriaThis article attempts to establish the key contribution by people of faith to the global HIV pandemic response, using Lesotho as a case study. Particular focus is paid to the work of selected religious organisations in Lesotho in this context,... -
A case study of school support and the psychological, emotional and behavioural consequences of HIV and AIDS on adolescents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Olubusayo Aduke Asikhia --- , , South Africa Kesh Mohangi --- , , South AfricaVarious studies have reported a huge increase in the numbers of orphaned adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa and its effects on their psychological, emotional and behavioural development. Yet, their needs are seldom recognised or adequately addressed in policy and programmes.This article... -
Weak signal detection: A discrete window of opportunity for achieving ‘Vision 90:90:90’?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christopher J. Burman --- , , South Africa Marota Aphane --- , , South Africa Peter Delobelle --- , , South AfricaIntroduction: UNAIDS’ Vision 90:90:90 is a call to ‘end AIDS’. Developing predictive foresight of the unpredictable changes that this journey will entail could contribute to the ambition of ‘ending AIDS’. There are few opportunities for managing unpredictable changes. We introduce... -
Zimbabwe's national AIDS levy: A case study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nisha Bhat --- , Peter H. Kilmarx --- , Freeman Dube --- , Albert Manenji --- , Medelina Dube --- , Tapuwa Magure --- ,Background: We conducted a case study of the Zimbabwe National AIDS Trust Fund (‘AIDS Levy’) as an approach to domestic government financing of the response to HIV and AIDS. -
Social support seeking and self-efficacy-building strategies in enhancing the emotional well-being of informal HIV/AIDS caregivers in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Bernedette Okwuchukwu Okeke --- , NigeriaThis study examined the relative efficacy of social support seeking (SSS) and self-efficacy building (SEB) in the management of emotional well-being of caregivers of people suffering from HIV/AIDS. It was based at the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS... -
‘The mercurial piece of the puzzle’: Understanding stigma and HIV/AIDS in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Leah Gilbert --- , , South AfricaAlthough stigma and its relationship to health and disease is not a new phenomenon, it has not been a major feature in the public discourse until the emergence of HIV. The range of negative responses associated with the epidemic placed... -
‘Public enemy no. 1’: Tobacco industry funding for the AIDS response
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Julia Smith --- , , Canada Sheryl Thompson --- , , Canada Kelley Lee --- , , CanadaThis article analyzes the history of tobacco industry funding for the AIDS response – a largely ignored aspect of private donor involvement. Primary documents from the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library and AIDS organizations are analyzed, alongside existing literature on the... -
Prevalence of prenatal depression and associated factors among HIV-positive women in primary care in Mpumalanga province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- , , South Africa Violeta J. Rodriguez --- , , USA Deborah Jones --- , , USAThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of depressed symptoms and associated factors in prenatal HIV-positive women in primary care facilities in rural South Africa. In a cross-sectional study, 663 HIV-positive prenatal women in 12 community health centres in Mpumalanga... -
Sexual abstinence: What is the understanding and views of secondary school learners in a semi-rural area of North West Province, South Africa?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kebogile Mokwena --- , , South Africa Mamaponesa Morabe --- , , South AfricaAmong strategies to prevent HIV, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancies, are programs that promote sexual abstinence among adolescents. However, literature suggests that there may be differences in the understanding of abstinence across adolescents, and this study sought... -
Exploring gender perceptions of risk of HIV infection and related behaviour among elderly men and women of Ga-Rankuwa, Gauteng Province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Eucebious Lekalakala-Mokgele --- , , South AfricaThe literature shows that there are important differences between women and men in the underlying mechanisms of transmission of HIV infection and AIDS, as well as in the social and economic consequences of HIV/AIDS. These stem from sexual behaviour and... -
Food insecurity among students living with HIV: Strengthening safety nets at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: L. Steenkamp --- , , South Africa A. Goosen --- , , South Africa D. Venter --- , South Africa M. Beeforth --- , , South AfricaThe HIV prevalence in South Africa among students at higher education institutions (HEIs) in 2008 was reported to be 3.4%, with the highest HIV prevalence found in the Eastern Cape Province. Students at these facilities are also increasingly affected by... -
Qualitative evaluation of selected social factors that impact sexual risk-taking behaviour among African students in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Ndumiso Daluxolo Ngidi --- , , South Africa Sibusiso Moyo --- , South Africa Thobile Zulu --- , , South Africa Jamila Khatoon Adam --- , South Africa Suresh Babu Naidu Krishna --- , South AfricaBackground: The incidence of HIV and AIDS continues to be a source of great concern within universities in South Africa. Furthermore, university students constitute an important community in the intervention against the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Students in the age group of... -
Towards an integrated approach to health and medicine in Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kezia Batisai --- , , South AfricaThis article frames the intersections of medicine and humanities as intrinsic to understanding the practice of health care in Africa. Central to this manuscript, which draws on empirical findings on the interplay between HIV and AIDS and alternative medicine in... -
When the clinic becomes a home. Successful VCT and ART services in a stressful environment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jonathan Mensah Dapaah --- , , Ghana Rachel Spronk --- , , The NetherlandsWith the upscaling of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-poor countries, many HIV-positive persons in Ghana have been accessing treatment in hospitals. Prevalence is relatively low compared to other African countries, 1.30%. HIV/AIDS remains heavily stigmatised in Ghana, which influences the... -
A mobile school-based HCT service – is it youth friendly?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Estelle Lawrence --- , , South Africa Patricia Struthers --- , , South Africa Geert Van Hove --- , , BelgiumBackground: Despite an increase in HIV Counselling and Testing (HCT), few young people have been tested. It has been suggested that they do not test because formal health services (where HCT is provided) are often not youth friendly. The World... -
HIV status disclosure rate and reasons for non-disclosure among infected children and adolescents in Enugu, southeast Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: A.C. Ubesie --- , , Nigeria K.K. Iloh --- , , Nigeria I.J. Emodi --- , , Nigeria N.S. Ibeziako --- , , Nigeria I.N. Obumneme-Anyim --- , , Nigeria O.N. Iloh --- , , Nigeria A.C. Ayuk --- , , Nigeria C.J. Anikene --- , , Nigeria J.E. Enemuo --- , , NigeriaAims: To determine the rate of HIV status disclosure, caregivers’ reasons for non-disclosure, and factors influencing disclosure among a sample of HIV-infected children in Enugu, southeast Nigeria. Methods: Data were collected prospectively via a questionnaire on HIV-infected children and their... -
Third-world realities in a first-world setting: A study of the HIV/AIDS-related conditions and risk behaviors of sex trade workers in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Yelena Bird --- at the , Canada Mark Lemstra --- at the , Canada Marla Rogers --- at the , Canada John Moraros --- at the , CanadaThe transmission and prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among those employed as sex trade workers (STW) is a major public health concern. The present study describes the self-reported responses of 340 STW, at-risk for contracting HIV. The participants were... -
A livelihood intervention to improve economic and psychosocial well-being in rural Uganda: Longitudinal pilot study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Bernard Kakuhikire --- , Uganda Diego Suquillo --- , USA Elly Atuhumuza --- , Uganda Rumbidzai Mushavi --- , USA Jessica M. Perkins --- , USA Atheendar S. Venkataramani --- , USA Sheri D. Weiser --- , USA David R. Bangsberg --- , USA Alexander C. Tsai --- , USAHIV and poverty are inextricably intertwined in sub-Saharan Africa. Economic and livelihood intervention strategies have been suggested to help mitigate the adverse economic effects of HIV, but few intervention studies have focused specifically on HIV-positive persons. We conducted three pilot... -
Addressing adolescents’ risk and protective factors related to risky behaviours: Findings from a school-based peer-education evaluation in the Western Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Furzana Timol --- , South Africa Mohammed Yacoob Vawda --- , South Africa Arvin Bhana --- , South Africa Benita Moolman --- , South Africa Mokhantso Makoae --- , South Africa Sharlene Swartz --- , South AfricaBackground: Peer-education programmes aim to bring about attitudinal and behavioural changes in their target audience. In the South African educational context, peer education is a favoured approach in dealing with issues such as HIV and AIDS, sexual decision-making and substance... -
Gendered differences in AIDS and AIDS-related cause of death among youth with secondary education in South Africa, 2009–2011
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nicole De Wet --- , , South AfricaBackground: The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is higher among females than males in Sub-Saharan Africa. Education is associated with better health outcomes. For this and other reasons, African countries have made a concerted effort... -
‘I thought if I marry the prophet I would not die’: The significance of religious affiliation on marriage, HIV testing, and reproductive health practices among young married women in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Denise Dion Hallfors --- , USA Bonita J. Iritani --- , USA Lei Zhang --- , USA Shane Hartman --- , USA Winnie K. Luseno --- , USA Elias Mpofu --- , , Australia Simbarashe Rusakaniko --- , , ZimbabweThis study examines the association between religious affiliation and reasons for marriage, perceived church attitudes, and reproductive health-seeking behaviors, including HIV testing, among young women in eastern rural Zimbabwe. The sample comprised women (N = 35) who had married by 2012 while... -
An assessment of quality of home-based HIV counseling and testing performed by lay counselors in a rural sub-district of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Vuyolwethu Magasana --- , South Africa Wanga Zembe --- , South Africa Hanani Tabana --- , South Africa Reshma Naik --- , South Africa Debra Jackson --- , South Africa Sonja Swanevelder --- , South Africa Tanya Doherty --- , South AfricaHIV counseling and testing (HCT) has been prioritized as one of the prevention strategies for HIV/AIDS, and promoted as an essential tool in scaling up and improving access to treatment, care and support especially in community settings. Home-based HCT (HBHCT)... -
Monitoring and evaluation of sport-based HIV/AIDS awareness programmes: Strengthening outcome indicators
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Elma Nelisiwe Maleka --- , South AfricaThere are number of Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) in South Africa that use sport as a tool to respond to Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), however, little is reported about the outcomes and impact of these programmes. The aim of... -
Life skills as a behaviour change strategy in the prevention of HIV and AIDS: Perceptions of students in an open and distance learning institution
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: B.J. Mohapi --- , , South Africa E.M. Pitsoane --- , , South AfricaThe prevention of HIV and AIDS, especially amongst young people, is very important, as they are the future leaders. South Africa carries a high burden of the HIV and AIDS disease, and efforts at the prevention of the disease need... -
Policy-maker attitudes to the ageing of the HIV cohort in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kabo Matlho --- , , Australia Refelwetswe Lebelonyane --- , Botswana Tim Driscoll --- , , Australia Joel Negin --- , , AustraliaBackground: The roll out of antiretroviral therapy in Botswana, as in many countries with near universal access to treatment, has transformed HIV into a complex yet manageable chronic condition and has led to the emergence of a population aging with... -
The Achilles’ heel of prevention to mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Protocol implementation, uptake, and sustainability
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Violeta J. Rodriguez --- , , USA Richard P. LaCabe --- , , USA C. Kyle Privette --- , , USA K. Marie Douglass --- , USA Karl Peltzer --- , South Africa Gladys Matseke --- , South Africa Audrey Mathebula --- , South Africa Shandir Ramlagan --- , South Africa Sibusiso Sifunda --- , South Africa Guillermo “Willy” Prado --- , USA Viviana Horigian --- , , USA Stephen M. Weiss --- , , USA Deborah L. Jones --- , , USAThe Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS proposed to reduce the vertical transmission of HIV from ∼72,200 to ∼8300 newly infected children by 2015 in South Africa (SA). However, cultural, infrastructural, and socio-economic barriers hinder the implementation of... -
Contemporary HIV/AIDS research: Insights from knowledge management theory
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Chris William Callaghan --- , , South AfricaKnowledge management as a field is concerned with the management of knowledge, including the management of knowledge in research processes. Knowledge management theory has the potential to support research into problems such as HIV, antibiotic resistance and others, particularly in... -
Rethinking HIV-prevention for school-going young people based on current behaviour patterns
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maretha Visser --- , , South AfricaThe aim of the research was to gain increased knowledge regarding the sexual risk behaviour of school-going young people in South Africa after two decades of HIV-education in schools, to contribute to the development of improved HIV prevention strategies. In... -
Household food security and HIV status in rural and urban communities in the Free State province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Michélle Pienaar --- , , South Africa Francois C. van Rooyen --- , , South Africa Corinna M. Walsh --- , , South AfricaHigher socioeconomic status impacts profoundly on quality of life. Life-event stressors, such as loss of employment, marital separation/divorce, death of a spouse and food insecurity, have been found to accelerate disease progression among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The... -
Invisible work: Child work in households with a person living with HIV/AIDS in Central Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Julie Abimanyi-Ochom --- , , Australia Brett Inder --- , , Australia Bruce Hollingsworth --- , , UK Paula Lorgelly --- , , AustraliaBackground: HIV/AIDS has led to increased mortality and morbidity, negatively impacting adult labour especially in HIV/AIDS burdened Sub-Saharan Africa. There has been some exploration of the effects of HIV/AIDS on paid child labour, but little empirical work on children’s non-paid... -
The lived experiences of rural women diagnosed with the human immunodeficiency virus in the antenatal period
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Genevieve Marion Fords --- , , South Africa Talitha Crowley --- , , South Africa Anita S van der Merwe --- , , South AfricaBackground: In South Africa, pregnant women are diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at antenatal clinics and simultaneously initiated on antiretroviral treatment (ART). An HIV diagnosis together with the initiation of ART has an emotional impact that may influence how... -
Reducing substance use and risky sexual behaviour among drug users in Durban, South Africa: Assessing the impact of community-level risk-reduction interventions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: C.D.H. Parry --- , South Africa T. Carney --- , South Africa P. Petersen Williams --- , South AfricaAlcohol and other drug (AOD) use is increasingly recognised as having a direct and indirect effect on the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, there is evidence to suggest that drug- and sex-related HIV risk-reduction interventions targeted at drug... -
Modelling self-assessed vulnerability to HIV and its associated factors in a HIV-burdened country
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: A. F. Fagbamigbe --- , , South Africa A. M. Lawal --- , , South Africa E. S. Idemudia --- , , South AfricaBackground: Globally, individuals’ self-assessment of vulnerability to HIV infection is important to maintain safer sexual behaviour and reduce risky behaviours. However, determinants of self-perceived risk of HIV infection are not well documented and differ. We assessed the level of self-perceived... -
A workplace intervention program and the increase in HIV knowledge, perceived accessibility and use of condoms among young factory workers in Thailand
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Aphichat Chamratrithirong --- , Thailand Kathleen Ford --- , USA Sureeporn Punpuing --- , Thailand Pramote Prasartkul --- , ThailandVulnerability to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection among factory workers is a global problem. This study investigated the effectiveness of an intervention to increase AIDS knowledge, perceived accessibility to condoms and condom use among young factory workers in Thailand. The... -
Occupational exposure, attitude to HIV-positive patients and uptake of HIV counselling and testing among health care workers in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Modupe O. Onadeko --- , , Nigeria Mary O. Balogun --- , , Nigeria Olanrewaju O. Onigbogi --- , , Nigeria Folashade O. Omokhodion --- , , NigeriaHealth care workers (HCWs) are at risk of occupational exposure to HIV. Their attitude to HIV-positive patients influences patients’ willingness and ability to access quality care. HIV counselling and testing (HCT) services are available to inform HCWs and patients about... -
HIV/AIDS and older adults in Cameroon: Emerging issues and implications for caregiving and policy-making
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Perpetua Lum Tanyi --- , , South Africa André Pelser --- , , South Africa Joseph Okeibunor --- , , NigeriaThe burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) on the elderly population in three divisions within the Northwest Region of Cameroon was examined. Data for this paper were extracted from a larger study which... -
Accounting for youth audiences’ resistances to HIV and AIDS messages in the television drama Tsha Tsha in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Blessing Makwambeni --- , , South Africa Abiodun Salawu --- , , South AfricaTheoretical debates and literature on E-E efforts in Africa have largely focussed on understanding how and why interventions on HIV and AIDS are effective in influencing behaviour change among target communities. Very few studies have sought to investigate and understand... -
Achievement of interventions on HIV infection prevention among migrants in China: A meta-analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Rui Zhang --- , , People’s Republic of China Ling Chen --- , , People’s Republic of China Ya deng Cui --- , , People’s Republic of China Ge Li --- , , People’s Republic of ChinaIn China, migrants with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have become a serious problem in the field of AIDS prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of interventions for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prevention for migrants in China and... -
Disability and health outcomes – from a cohort of people on long-term anti-retroviral therapy
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Hellen Myezwa --- , , South Africa Jill Hanass-Hancock --- , , South Africa Adedayo Tunde Ajidahun --- , , South Africa Bradley Carpenter --- , , South AfricaHuman-immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/Acquired immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains a major health problem in South Africa – even after two decades since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Long-term survival with HIV is associated with new health-related issues and a risk of... -
Violence, abuse and discrimination: key factors militating against control of HIV/AIDS among the LGBTI sector
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Dominic Targema Abaver --- , , South Africa Elphina Nomabandla Cishe --- , ,The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersex (LGBTI) South Africans continue to face considerable challenges, including societal stigma, homophobic violence (particularly corrective rape), and high rates of sexually transmitted diseases and infections (particularly Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/AIDS) even when discrimination... -
Effect of a multicomponent behavioural PMTCT cluster randomised controlled trial on HIV stigma reduction among perinatal HIV positive women in Mpumalanga province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- , South Africa Suat Babayigit --- , , USA Violeta J. Rodriguez --- , , USA Jenny Jean --- , USA Sibusiso Sifunda --- , South Africa Deborah L. Jones --- , , USABackground: We evaluate the impact a multicomponent, behavioural, prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT), cluster randomised controlled trial on HIV stigma reduction among perinatal HIV infected women in rural South Africa. Methods: In a cluster randomised controlled trial, twelve... -
‘It’s not good to eat a candy in a wrapper’: male students’ perspectives on condom use and concurrent sexual partnerships in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maroyi Mulumeoderhwa --- , , South AfricaThis paper reports on fieldwork carried out in 2011 with aim to investigate young men’s perspectives about condoms use, concurrent sexual partnerships and sex in the context of HIV/AIDS. This study employed a qualitative approach to collect data from 28... -
Health care users’ knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of HIV self-testing at selected gateway clinics at eThekwini district, KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Sibongiseni Daphney Gumede --- , , South Africa Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya --- , , South AfricaProgress in promoting knowledge of HIV status has been made globally, but half of all people living with HIV are still unaware of their HIV status. It is argued the new innovative HIV self-testing strategy could increase the uptake of... -
Health-related quality of life and associated factors in adults living with HIV in Rwanda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Juvenal Biraguma --- , , Rwanda Eugene Mutimura --- , , Rwanda José M Frantz --- , , South AfricaIn Rwanda, as in other sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) has increased dramatically as a result of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). People living with HIV can now live longer but with increasing rates... -
Factors associated with knowledge and awareness of HIV/AIDS among married women in Bangladesh: evidence from a nationally representative survey
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Md. Ashiqul Haque --- , , Bangladesh Md. Sha Newaj Hossain --- , , Bangladesh Muhammad Abdul Baker Chowdhury --- , , USA Md. Jamal Uddin --- , , BangladeshWomen in Bangladesh share a greater risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) infection compared to men. Levels of knowledge and awareness largely contribute to the prevalence of the HIV epidemic and its consequences. So, it is... -
Evaluation of a community-based ART programme after tapering home visits in rural Sierra Leone: a 24-month retrospective study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: J. Daniel Kelly --- , , USA Raphael Frankfurter --- , , USA Gregoire Lurton --- , , USA Sulaiman Conteh --- , Sierra Leone Susannah F. Empson --- , , USA Fodei Daboh --- , Sierra Leone Brima Kargbo --- , Sierra Leone Thomas Giordano --- , , USA Joia Mukherjee --- , , USA M. Bailor Barrie --- , Sierra LeoneEvaluations of community-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes have demonstrated positive outcomes, but little is known about the impact of tapering community-based ART. The objective of this study was to assess 24-month HIV retention outcomes of a community-based ART programme and... -
Exploring the acceptability of Option B plus among HIV-positive Nigerian women engaged and not engaged in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV cascade: a qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Salome C. Erekaha --- , Nigeria Llewellyn J. Cornelius --- , , USA Melissa L. Bessaha --- , , USA Abdulmumin Ibrahim --- , , Nigeria Gabriel D. Adeyemo --- , Nigeria Mofoluwake Fadare --- , Nigeria Manhattan Charurat --- , , USA Echezona E. Ezeanolue --- , USA Nadia A. Sam-Agudu --- , NigeriaThe acceptability of lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) among HIV-positive women in high-burden Nigeria, is not well-known. We explored readiness of users and providers of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services to accept lifelong ART -before Option B plus... -
Effects of adolescent exposure to behaviour change interventions on their HIV risk reduction in Northern Malawi: a situation analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: M. Mwale --- , , Malawi A. S. Muula --- , , MalawiUnderstanding adolescents’ translation of HIV and AIDS-related behaviour change interventions (BCI) knowledge and skills into expected behavioural outcomes helps us appreciate behaviour change dynamics among young people and informs evidence-based programming. We explored the effects of adolescents’ exposure to BCI... -
Determinants of disclosure and non-disclosure of HIV-positive status, by pregnant women in rural South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Shandir Ramlagan --- , , South Africa Gladys Matseke --- , , the Netherlands Violeta J. Rodriguez --- , , USA Deborah L. Jones --- , , USA Karl Peltzer --- , , South Africa Robert A.C. Ruiter --- , , the Netherlands Sibusiso Sifunda --- , , South AfricaDisclosure of HIV status remains one of the major challenges to the effectiveness of the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in rural areas in South Africa. This study aimed at assessing the determinants of HIV status disclosure... -
An evaluation of the innovative potentials of a HIV pilot exploring medical pluralism in rural South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christopher J. Burman --- , South AfricaThis article reflects on an internal evaluation undertaken to estimate the potentials of a community-university pilot project to be developed into a bonafide innovation that can be applied at scale. The focus of the community-university partnership has been to reduce... -
‘Why would you promote something that is less percent safer than a condom?’: Perspectives on partially effective HIV prevention technologies among key populations in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Clara Rubincam --- , , Canada Peter A. Newman --- , , Canada Millicent Atujuna --- , , South Africa Linda-Gail Bekker --- , , South AfricaNew biomedical prevention technologies (NPTs) for HIV, including oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, and vaginal and rectal microbicides and HIV vaccines in development, may contribute substantially to controlling the HIV epidemic. However, their effectiveness is contingent on product acceptability and adherence. We... -
The pull of soccer and the push of Xhosa boys in an HIV and drug abuse intervention in the Western Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Melissa Medich --- , , USA Deborah Mindry --- , , USA Mark Tomlinson --- , , South Africa Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus --- , , USA Jason Bantjes --- , , South Africa Dallas Swendeman [cor1]There is growing interest in engaging men and boys in health and development programmes targeting the intersection of HIV risk, substance abuse, and violence. Understanding the conceptualisations of masculinities or masculine identities that shape both behaviours and opportunities for intervention... -
HIV fatalism and engagement in transactional sex among Ugandan fisherfolk living with HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Katelyn M. Sileo --- , , USA Laura M. Bogart --- , USA Glenn J. Wagner --- , USA William Musoke --- , Uganda Rose Naigino --- , , Uganda Barbara Mukasa --- , Uganda Rhoda K. Wanyenze --- , , UgandaHIV fatalism, or the belief that HIV acquisition and mortality is out of one's control, is thought to contribute to HIV risk in fishing populations in East Africa. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between... -
Fighting against HIV and AIDS within a resource constrained rural setting: a case study of the Ruvheneko Programme in Chirumhanzu, Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christina Tafadzwa Dzimiri --- , , South Africa Patrick Dzimiri --- , , South Africa Kezia Batisai --- , , South AfricaSince reports of the first incidence of the HIV virus in Zimbabwe in 1985, the epidemic has negatively impacted on every facet of human security. Rural areas, by virtue of being the periphery and constrained in terms of resources and... -
Zimbabwean secondary school Guidance and Counseling teachers teaching sexuality education in the HIV and AIDS education curriculum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Ephias Gudyanga --- , , South Africa Naydene de Lange --- , , South Africa Mathabo Khau --- , , South AfricaIn spite of the importance of sexuality education and HIV and AIDS education in preventing HIV infections, Zimbabwean secondary school Guidance and Counseling teachers are not engaging optimally with the current Guidance and Counseling, HIV and AIDS & Life Skills... -
Youth living with HIV/AIDS in secondary schools: perspectives of peer educators and patron teachers in Western Uganda on stressors and supports
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Emmanuel Kimera --- , , Uganda Sofie Vindevogel --- , , Belgium John Rubaihayo --- , , Uganda Didier Reynaert --- , , Belgium Jessica De Maeyer --- , , Belgium Anne-Mie Engelen --- , , Belgium Johan Bilsen --- , , BelgiumAs Youth Living With HIV/AIDS (YLWHA) continue to survive and live with HIV chronically due to effective Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), it is paramount to work toward maximising their psychosocial wellbeing. The school where these YLWHA are expected to spend most... -
A weighted bootstrap approach to logistic regression modelling in identifying risk behaviours associated with sexual activity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Humphrey Brydon --- , , South Africa Rénette Blignaut --- , , South Africa Joachim Jacobs --- , , South AfricaThe latest population estimates released by Statistics South Africa indicate that 25.03% of all deaths in 2017 in South Africa were AIDS-related. Along with these results, it is also reported that 7.06% of the population were living with HIV, with... -
A qualitative evaluation of a stress management programme for HIV and AIDS home-based care workers in Tshwane, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: P. M. Kupa --- Department of Social Work & Criminology, University of Pretoria, South Africa L. S. Geyer --- Department of Social Work & Criminology, University of Pretoria, South AfricaThe HIV and AIDS pandemic resulted in increased demands on the South African healthcare system and contributed to elevated stress levels among healthcare workers, including home-based care workers. The goal of the study was to evaluate a stress management programme... -
Attitudes and beliefs of immigrants regarding HIV and AIDS in Mopani district, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Lunic B. Khoza --- University of Venda, South Africa Hilda N. Shilubane --- University of Venda, South Africa Mygirl P. Lowane --- Sefako Makgato Health Sciences University, South AfricaSub-Saharan Africa faces and is severely affected by many conflicts. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) threaten both the physical and financial well-being of individuals in these struggling countries. This research aims to investigate the immigrants’ attitudes... -
Factors associated with discriminatory attitudes towards people living with HIV among adult population in Ethiopia: analysis on Ethiopian demographic and health survey
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Gedefaw Alen Diress --- Woldia University, Ethiopia Mohammed Ahmed --- Woldia University, Ethiopia Melese Linger --- Woldia University, EthiopiaExtensive discriminatory attitudes in a population can affect people’s willingness to be tested for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), their initiation of antiretroviral therapy, social support as well as the quality of life of people infected with HIV. This study aimed... -
Maternal and infant antiretroviral therapy adherence among women living with HIV in rural South Africa: a cluster randomised trial of the role of male partner participation on adherence and PMTCT uptake
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Deborah L. Jones --- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, USA Violeta J. Rodriguez --- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, USA Manasi Soni Parrish --- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, USA Tae Kyoung Lee --- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, USA Stephen M. Weiss --- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, USA Shandir Ramlagan --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Karl Peltzer --- Ton Duc Thang University, Vietnam‘Mother-to-child transmission of HIV’ can occur during the period of pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. ‘Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV’ (PMTCT) in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa, is especially vital as the prevalence of HIV is 28.2% in women aged 15–49... -
Knowledge, attitudes and prevention practices regarding HIV/AIDS among barbers in Ho municipality, Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mercy Demaris Quarm --- , Ghana Jacqueline Mthembu --- , South Africa Khangelani Zuma --- , South Africa Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang --- , GhanaThe barbing industry poses particular public health risks if it is not conducted in a safe and hygienic manner. These risks can lead to the transmission of infectious diseases like the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to the barbers or their... -
‘If you are found taking medicine, you will be called names and considered less of a man’: young men’s engagement with HIV treatment and care during ulwaluko (traditional initiation and circumcision) in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: L. Gittings --- University of Cape Town, South Africa R. Hodes --- University of Cape Town, South Africa C. Colvin --- University of Cape Town, South Africa S. Mbula --- Mzantsi Wakho, South Africa P. Kom --- Mzantsi Wakho, South AfricaThis paper explores how HIV-positive abakhwetha (young male initiates) undergoing ulwaluko (traditional Xhosa initiation and circumcision) engage with HIV-related biomedical care and treatment. Health-focused life history narratives (n = 36), semi-structured interviews (n = 32) and analysis of health facility files (n = 41) with adolescent... -
Making sense of fidelity: young Africans’ cross-national and longitudinal representations of fidelity and infidelity in their HIV-related creative narratives, 1997–2014
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Robyn Singleton --- Banyan Communications, USA Manon Billaud --- Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, USA Haley McLeod --- Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, USA Georges Tiendrebeogo --- Laafi Consulting, Burkina Faso Fatim Dia --- Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, USA Chris Obong’o --- PATH, Kenya Siphiwe Nkambule-Vilakati --- Super Buddies Club, Swaziland Benjamin Mbakwem --- Community and Youth Development Initiatives, Nigeria Gaelle Sabben --- Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, USA Kate Winskell --- Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, USAMutual fidelity and partner reduction have been identified as key behavioural strategies to prevent HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly following recognition of the role that multiple concurrent sexual partnerships play in driving generalised HIV epidemics. We analysed social representations... -
Exploring the views of academic staff on HIV/AIDS integration into the curricula: a case study of the University of Fort Hare
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Zukiswa Theodorah Dasheka --- University of Fort Hare, South Africa Nomzamo Dube --- University of Fort Hare, South Africa Lulekwa Baleni --- University of Fort Hare, South Africa Eunice Seekoe --- University of Fort Hare, South Africa Actor Katurura --- University of Fort Hare, South Africa Nombulelo Lubisi --- University of Fort Hare, South Africa Daniel Ter Goon --- University of Fort Hare, South AfricaAs a clarion call by Higher Education HIV/AIDS programme (HEAIDS) to South African universities, entrenching, integration and infusing the teaching and learning of HIV/AIDS in the curriculum of universities prove to be a sustainable solution to changing risky behaviour and... -
Underlying reasons why some people haven’t tested for HIV – a discourse analysis of qualitative data from Cape Town, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kyla Meyerson --- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Graeme Hoddinott --- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Tamryn Nicholson --- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Sue-Ann Meehan --- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Stellenbosch University, South AfricaReported barriers to HIV testing over the last 15 years have remained consistent, despite improved service offerings. We aimed to probe deeper by exploring how people who have never tested construct HIV testing in their talk. We used this to... -
Forgetting to take HIV antiretroviral therapy: a qualitative exploration of medication adherence in the third decade of the HIV epidemic in the United States
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: R. Freeman --- , USA M. Gwadz --- New York University Silver School of Social Work, USA K. Francis --- New York University Silver School of Social Work, USA E. Hoffeld --- New York University Silver School of Social Work, USAOptimal adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) is challenging, and racial/ethnic disparities in adherence rates are substantial. The most common reason persons living with HIV (PLWH) give for missed ART doses is forgetting. We took a qualitative exploratory approach to... -
Factors associated with high HIV-related stigma among commuter populations in Johannesburg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Peter S. Nyasulu --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Ndumiso Tshuma --- Orange Grove, South Africa Lovemore N. Sigwadhi --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Juliet Nyasulu --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Modupe Ogunrombi --- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, South Africa Lucy Chimoyi --- The Aurum Institute, South AfricaStigma remains an important barrier to seeking and staying in care among individuals infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Despite continued widespread information, education and communication campaigns to raise awareness about the infection. The aim of the study was to... -
A model to understand HIV-related stigma and the psychosocial well-being of children orphaned by AIDS: a theory generative approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Z. Yassin --- University of the Western Cape, South Africa C. Erasmus --- University of the Western Cape, South Africa J. Frantz --- University of the Western Cape, South AfricaHIV-related stigma has negatively impacted the psychosocial well-being of children who have been orphaned by AIDS-related causes. Response to reducing stigma and ensuring child well-being is hindered by the limited understanding of HIV-related stigma and how it affects the psychosocial... -
Assessing sexual practices and beliefs among university students in Khartoum, Sudan; a qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Husameddin Farouk Elshiekh --- Maastricht University, The Netherlands Hein de Vries --- Maastricht University, The Netherlands Ciska Hoving --- Maastricht University, The NetherlandsUniversity students in Sudan are more at risk of contracting HIV than the general population, due to a high rate of sexual activity and low uptake of preventive measures such as condoms. Hence, they are considered an important target for... -
Challenges with couples HIV counselling and testing among black MSM students: perspectives of university students in Durban, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Geogina Charity Gumindega --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Pranitha Maharaj --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaResearch suggests that HIV infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) are acquired from primary partners, yet MSM continually fail to take part in couples HIV counselling and testing (CHCT). To identify factors that inhibit MSM in universities... -
Key stakeholders’ perspectives on providing oral pre-exposure prophylaxis as HIV-prevention standard of care in clinical trials in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ivana Beesham --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Cecilia Milford --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Dvora L Joseph Davey --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Jenni Smit --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Leila E Mansoor --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Mags Beksinska --- University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaIntroduction: HIV-prevention and endpoint-driven clinical trials enrol individuals at substantial risk of HIV. Recently, these trials have provided oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as HIV-prevention standard of care; however, data on PrEP uptake and use during the trial and post-trial access... -
The use of monitoring data and community feedback mechanisms to increase HIV testing among men during a cluster-randomised community mobilisation trial in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rebecca L West --- University of California San Francisco, USA Rhandzekile Mathebula --- , South Africa Dumisani Rebombo --- , South Africa Rhian Twine --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Aimée Julien --- University of Antwerp, Belgium Nkosinathi Masilela --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Mi-Suk Kang Dufour --- University of California San Francisco, USA Dean Peacock --- , South Africa Kathleen Kahn --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Audrey Pettifor --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Sheri A Lippman --- University of California San Francisco, USAThis short communication describes the development and implementation of a programme monitoring and feedback process during a cluster-randomised community mobilisation intervention conducted in rural Bushbuckridge, Mpumalanga, South Africa. Intervention activities took place from August 2015 to July 2018 with the... -
Factors associated with buying sex and the knowledge that condoms prevent HIV among long-distance truck drivers at Kazungula weighbridge terminal, Chobe District, Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Wada Gaolaolwe --- Lobatse Institute of Health Sciences, Botswana Mathildah Mokgatle --- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South AfricaBackground: Long-distance truck drivers (LDTDs) have a higher rate of HIV infection compared to the general population. This is due to their living and working conditions which predispose them to riskier sexual behaviours. Inadequate knowledge of HIV and AIDS, coupled... -
HIV infections averted at PEPFAR-APIN clinics in Nigeria: a ten-year retrospective evaluation of the clinical outcomes of post-exposure prophylaxis services
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Abdulmuminu Isah --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Nneka Uchenna Igboeli --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Obinna Felix Dim --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Azubuike Amos Ekwuofu --- University of Nigeria, NigeriaIntroduction: Nigeria contributes a high fraction to the global burden of HIV infections. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a proven strategy to prevent transmission of the virus. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical outcomes of PEP in... -
Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and thoughts of suicide/self-injury in adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Merrian Brooks --- , USA Barbara Burmen --- , Botswana Anthony Olashore --- University of Botswana, Botswana Alemayehu Mekonnen Gezmu --- University of Botswana, Botswana Keneilwe Molebatsi --- University of Botswana, Botswana Ontibile Tshume --- , Botswana Onkemetse Phoi --- , Botswana Knashawn Morales --- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, USA Mogomotsi Matshaba --- University of Botswana, Botswana Tami Benton --- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, USA Elizabeth D Lowenthal --- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, USAGlobally, mental health problems have been reported to be more common in youth living with HIV (YLWH) than in the general population, but routine mental health screening is rarely done in high-volume HIV clinics. In 2019, YLWH in a large... -
Wakurugenzi Networks: Reframing Kenyan Vernaculars of Gender/Gendering in Abel Mutua’s YouTube Channel
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies • Authors: Felix Mutunga Ndaka --- University of Johannesburg, South AfricaDuring the Kenyan Covid-19 lockdown, Abel Mutua, a renowned actor, scriptwriter and comic created a YouTube channel that has instructively transformed a virtual space into a storytelling platform. The channel presents narrations on a diverse range of topics presented in... -
Physical and psychosocial aspects of healthy ageing and HIV status among older adults in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- University of the Free State, South Africa Refilwe N. Phaswana-Mafuya --- South African Medical Research Council/University of Johannesburg (SAMRC/UJ) - Pan African Centre for Epidemics Research (PACER) Extramural Unit, South AfricaThe study aimed to assess the prevalence by type of psychosocial associations with healthy ageing among older adults by HIV status in South Africa. We analysed data from the 2017 South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence, Behaviour, and Communication Survey... -
Barriers to linkage and retention in HIV care still persist among adolescent girls and young women in western Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Zachary A Kwena --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Rivet K Amico --- University of Michigan, USA Tsitsi B Masvawure --- College of the Holy Cross, USA Kenneth K Ngure --- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya Elizabeth A Bukusi --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Robert H Remien --- New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, USA Perez O Ochwal --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Nadia Nguyen --- New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, USA Joanne E Mantell --- New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, USAAdolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa experience delayed linkage to and poor retention in HIV care. Identifying and addressing specific barriers in HIV care programming is important to achieving the upgraded UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets and epidemic control... -
Factors associated with patients defaulting on HIV treatment at Helen Joseph Hospital, Gauteng province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Paul Potsane --- University of Johannesburg, South AfricaBackground: South Africa’s government has made significant improvements in expanding access to antiretroviral (ARV) treatment. A rate of adherence of 95% to 100% is necessary to achieve the intended outcomes of antiretroviral treatment. However, antiretroviral treatment adherence remains a significant... -
Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on HIV testing services in Malawi: an interrupted time series analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Barinaadaa Afirima --- , Malawi Ihoghosa O Iyamu --- University of British Columbia, Canada Zeena A Yesufu --- , Nigeria Emem Iwara --- , Nigeria David Chilongozi --- , Malawi Louis Banda --- , Malawi Emanuel Zenengeya --- , Malawi Chimwemwe Mablekisi --- , Malawi Blackson Matatiyo --- , Malawi Joseph Kuye --- , Nigeria Odo Michael --- , Liberia Andrew Gonani --- , Malawi Melchiade Ruberintwari --- , Mali Ngonidzashe Madidi --- , Malawi Edward Oladele --- , Zambia Chris Akolo --- , USABackground: Restrictions on public gatherings and movement to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 may have disrupted access and availability of HIV services in Malawi. We quantified the impact of these restrictions on HIV testing services in Malawi. -
Psychosocial support services to enhance well-being of orphaned and vulnerable learners in Eswatini early childhood centres and primary schools
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Patronella Bimha --- Institute of Distance Education, University of Eswatini, Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya --- Durban University of Technology, South AfricaIn Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), the increasing number of orphans and vulnerable children due to HIV/AIDS has spurred demand for psychosocial support services. When the Ministry of Education and Training assumed responsibility for delivering psychosocial support, educators were burdened with the... -
Provider perspectives on antiretroviral therapy adherence among psychiatric inpatients in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Maria Albin Qambayot --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Sarita Naidoo --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaBackground: Optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for the effective management of HIV. Mental disorders often co-occur with HIV infection which often compromises ART adherence. Little is known about ART adherence in psychiatric settings in sub-Saharan Africa. -
Community health workers can be trained to identify patients eligible for tuberculosis preventive therapy, but encounter barriers to programme implementation in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sarah Norton --- Duke University Hospital, USA Anthony P Moll --- , South Africa Jabulile Madi --- , South Africa Nkazi Nkomo --- , South Africa Ralph P Brooks --- Yale University School of Medicine, USA Laurie Andrews --- Yale University School of Medicine, USA Sheela V Shenoi --- Yale University School of Medicine, USATuberculosis (TB) remains one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide, ranking as the leading cause of death from infectious disease, above HIV and AIDS. South Africa has the sixth highest TB incidence rate in the world and the... -
“A spade was called a spade … ”: Youth and intervention implementers’ perceptions of a resilience-based HIV-prevention intervention for youth in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Fungai Mbengo --- Edith Cowan University, Australia Esther Adama --- Edith Cowan University, Australia Amanda Towell-Barnard --- Edith Cowan University, Australia Maggie Zgambo --- Edith Cowan University, AustraliaThe youth (15–24 years old) in South Africa remain at high risk of HIV infection despite varied efforts to control the disease. An understanding of the perspectives of relevant stakeholders of HIV-prevention interventions targeting the youth is important to guide... -
PrEP retention predictors among key populations in urban areas of Zimbabwe — a machine learning approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Bridgette Bero --- National University of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe Chipo Zidana --- Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Botswana Sarudzai Portia Showa --- National University of Science and Technology, ZimbabwePre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) success depends on adherence and hence retention in care. It is vital to find factors that affect PrEP retention to make this HIV-prevention method successful. The main objectives of this study were to identify the major determinants... -
The influence of type of sexual partnership on male condom use: empirical evidence from the South African construction industry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kamal Yakubu --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Paul Bowen --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Rajen Govender --- University of Cape Town, South AfricaThere are indications that gender has an effect on individual risk factors and pathways to HIV diagnoses and treatment. Furthermore, there is growing recognition that to improve HIV-related health outcomes for men, it is important to understand their experiences and... -
The role of Nigerian medical students in the HIV response: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Daniel Asogun --- Ambrose Alli University, Nigeria Mahmud A. Mahmud --- Ambrose Alli University, Nigeria Akhaine Jesu-Oboh Precious --- Ambrose Alli University, Nigeria Ighodaro Osazuwa --- , United KingdomBackground: With the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study seeks to understand how medical students’ involvement in the HIV response during the COVID-19 pandemic – as well as before and after it – has influenced their decision to specialise... -
Practices of health citizenship in South Africa: a case study of the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) in Khayelitsha, Cape Town
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ngwi Nnam Thecla Mulu --- University of the Free State, South AfricaThis article examines the Treatment Action Campaign’s (TAC) evolution and attrition as a social movement organisation to discern its implications for practices of health citizenship at the grassroots level. A qualitative approach to case study research was used to collect... -
Non-adherence to antiretroviral treatment among migrating fishermen in western Kenya’s islands: a rapid qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Stephen Okumu Ombere --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Erick Otieno Nyambedha --- Maseno University, KenyaFishing communities in many Sub-Saharan African countries are a high-risk population group disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. The association of migration with HIV and AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa is well documented. Frequent mobility, high consumption of alcohol, multiple sexual... -
Identifying HIV-exposed uninfected children and adolescents in resource-limited settings: the HOPE study experience
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Hellen Moraa --- , Kenya Maureen Kinge --- University of Nairobi, Kenya Alvin Onyango --- , Kenya Daniel Matemo --- , Kenya Grace John-Stewart --- University of Washington, USA Dalton Wamalwa --- University of Nairobi, Kenya Irene Njuguna --- , KenyaHIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children and adolescents are at higher risk of poor outcomes compared to HIV-unexposed children (HUU). In program settings, it is critical to understand how to identify HEU for screening services. We describe our experience identifying HEU for... -
Factors influencing the adoption of HIV prevention measures in low socio-economic communities of inner-city Durban, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Firoza Haffejee --- Durban University of Technology, South Africa Jennifer Ducray --- Durban University of Technology, South Africa Jyotika Basdav --- Durban University of Technology, South Africa Colette Kell --- Durban University of Technology, South AfricaSouth Africa is the epicentre of the HIV pandemic. Although there have been health promotion education campaigns to reduce HIV incidence, these have not achieved the desired outcomes. When exploring the effectiveness of these campaigns, it is useful not only... -
Spatial variations in STIs among women enrolled in HIV prevention clinical trials in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Reshmi Dassaye --- South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Handan Wand --- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Australia Tarylee Reddy --- South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Frank Tanser --- University of Lincoln, Lincoln Institute for Health, UK Benn Sartorius --- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK Natashia Morris --- South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Gita Ramjee --- South African Medical Research Council, South AfricaSouth Africa is faced with a high HIV and STI prevalence and incidence, respectively, with pockets of high burden areas driving these diseases. Localised monitoring of the HIV epidemic and STI endemic would enable more effective targeted prevention strategies. We... -
Interventions to improve young men’s utilisation of HIV-testing services in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: perspectives of young men and health care providers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sithembiso Ndlovu --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Andrew Ross --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Mutshidzi Mulondo --- University of the Free State, South AfricaIntroduction: HIV-testing services (HTS) are an important point of entry to prevention and treatment of HIV in South Africa. Despite the availability of HTS across the region and in SA, the uptake among men remains low, especially young men residing... -
Influences on decision-making about disclosure of HIV status by adolescents and young adults living with HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Thandeka Smith --- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa Janet Seeley --- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa Maryam Shahmanesh --- Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa Christina Psaros --- , USA Chiedza Munikwa --- , South Africa Nothando Ngwenya --- Africa Health Research Institute, South AfricaBackground: Adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYA) are faced with the challenge of living with a life-long chronic condition. We investigated the influences on the decisions by AYA to disclose their HIV status to family, intimate partners and... -
Equity of the HIV epidemic response in 13 African countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gary Gaumer --- Brandeis University, USA V. S. Senthil Kumar --- Brandeis University, USA William Crown --- Brandeis University, USA Monica Jordan --- Brandeis University, USA Clare Hurley --- Brandeis University, USA Maya Subramanian --- Brandeis University, USA A. K. Nandakumar --- Brandeis University, USAFor over 25 years, new programs to attempt to stem the HIV epidemic have been developed in Africa by country governments as well as external donors. These programs and activities have built and operated facilities, trained clinicians, financed drugs and... -
A document analysis of the South African national guidelines for medical male circumcision and the implications for infant and child male circumcision decision-making
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Eurica L Palmer --- University of the Free State, South Africa Steven Forsythe --- , USASouth Africa’s 2016 medical male circumcision (MMC) guidelines (“the guidelines”) provide direction for the MMC programme’s implementation in South Africa. The aim of our document analysis was to assess the guidelines, particularly in lieu of changing guidance from WHO and... -
Beyond the discourses of policy and power: HIV, AIDS, and community perspectives on the lived pandemic
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Warren Parker --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaAs HIV unfolded in the 1980s, HIV and AIDS were heard and seen through the lives of those whom it touched directly. Personal histories were foregrounded, centred by the inevitable mortality attached to HIV infection, the courage of circumstance in... -
Knowledge, attitudes and awareness regarding donor breast milk: a cross-sectional study of mothers in a high HIV-prevalent area
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Hadebe Thobeka Zamahlubi --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Kimesh L Naidoo --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Fharnisa Khan --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Refiloe Masekela --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa -
What Science Can You Teach Without Language? A Conversation with Timothy Wangusa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies • Authors: Patrick Mangeni --- Makerere University, UgandaThis biographical dialogue with Timothy Wangusa explores the interface between indigenous culture, Christianity and education in Uganda, how this disrupted the indigenous cultural base and practice and continued to inform and impact lives and culture in Uganda. It interrogates the... -
Experiences and challenges of nurses in initiating antiretroviral drugs among adolescents living with HIV and AIDS in Thaba-Tseka, Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Palesa Grace Likoti --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Nelisiwe Khuzwayo --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaBackground: Lesotho has the second-highest HIV and AIDS prevalence globally and is the country’s second leading cause of death. Despite increasing ART coverage, adolescents remain left behind and face high mortality because of delayed ART initiation. This study aimed to... -
Relationship between social capital and post-partum antiretroviral therapy adherence among women living with HIV in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Khadijat K. Adeleye --- University of Massachusetts, USA Eyitayo O. Owolabi --- Arizona State University, USA Oladele V. Adeniyi --- Walter Sisulu University, South Africa David Aduragbemi Okunlola --- Florida State University, USA Anthony I. Ajayi --- , KenyaBackground: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for preventing vertical transmission of HIV and maternal deaths. While the literature is replete with studies on ART adherence, the role of social capital in adherence to ART is less studied. Drawing... -
Experiences of participants in an agricultural livelihood support initiative for people living with HIV in central Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Christopher Tumwine --- School of Medicine, Kabale University, Uganda Isaac Yeboah Addo --- University of New South Wales, Australia Henry Zakumumpa --- Makerere University, Uganda Janet Seeley --- , UK Lazarus Oucul --- , UgandaThis study aimed at assessing the experiences of people living with HIV who participated in an agricultural livelihood support initiative in selected districts of Uganda. The initiative, implemented from 2017 to 2018, involved the provision of agricultural inputs such as... -
Prevalence and neighbourhood determinants of early sexual debut and multiple sexual partnerships among young people in Rwanda, Ghana and South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nebechukwu H. Ugwu --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Clifford O. Odimegwu --- University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaBackground: The consequences of engaging in risky sexual behaviours (RSB) can lead to HIV infection, sexually transmitted diseases and unintended pregnancy. The relationship between neighbourhood characteristics and youth involvement in RSB such as early sexual debut and multiple sexual partnerships... -
Assessing the pertinence and usefulness of HIV and AIDS indicators for evaluating clinical care quality: Perspectives of health care professionals
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tambwe Willy Muzumbukilwa --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Manimani Riziki Ghislain --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Aganze Glory-Aime Mushebenge --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Rajesh Vikram Vagiri --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Manimbulu Nlooto --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaFollowing a systematic review of quality indicators employed in the evaluation of clinical care for individuals with HIV and AIDS, we performed “an exploratory study” that aims to assess the clinical significance and practical applicability of these indicators from the... -
Provision of HIV testing services and its impact on the HIV positivity rate in the public health sector in KwaZulu-Natal: a ten-year review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Rizwana Desai --- Health Services Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation, South Africa Stanley Onwubu --- Durban University of Technology, South Africa Elizabeth Lutge --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Nondumiso Patience Buthelezi --- Health Services Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation, South Africa Nirvasha Moodley --- Health Services Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation, South Africa Firoza Haffejee --- Durban University of Technology, South Africa Bontle Segobe --- Health Services Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation, South Africa Suresh Babu Naidu Krishna --- Durban University of Technology, South Africa Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya --- Durban University of Technology, South Africa Champaklal Chhaganlal Jinabhai --- Durban University of Technology, South AfricaSouth Africa has been rated as having the most severe HIV epidemic in the world since it has one of the largest populations of people living with HIV (PLHIV). KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) is the epicentre of the HIV epidemic. The HIV... -
Framing HIV and AIDS in competitive authoritarian democracies. Case study of the print press in Mozambique, 1986–2020
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Araújo Domingos --- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden Nina Wormbs --- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden Urban Lundberg --- Dalarna University, SwedenMozambique has the sixth highest prevalence of HIV in the world and ranks fourth in new infections. The government-owned print press Notícias has played an important role in the social construction of HIV and AIDS in the country as it... -
The factor structure of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-R-20) among South African antiretroviral therapy users
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mohamed Rawoot --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Ashraf Kagee --- Stellenbosch University, South AfricaDepression is a significant concern for people living with HIV and AIDS as it is associated with negative health outcomes and suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). To this extent, screening for depression is essential for early detection. The CESD-R-20... -
Understanding depression, anxiety and stress in young people living with HIV in Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: John-Paul Omuojine --- , Ghana Charles Martyn-Dickens --- , Ghana Sheila Agyiewaa Owusu --- , Ghana Allysa Warling --- , USA Ruth Charlotte Sackey --- , Ghana Gustav Nettey --- , Ghana Evans Otieku --- University of Ghana, Ghana Anthony Enimil --- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Leah Ratner --- , USAGhanaians with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection now live into adulthood. It is known that adolescents and young adults living with HIV have a high risk of mental health comorbidity. Despite increasing global attention on HIV–mental health interactions,... -
Factors associated with uptake of HIV testing among clients diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections in Chegutu District, Zimbabwe, 2021
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Memory Chimsimbe --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Pride Mucheto --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Tsitsi P Juru --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Addmore Chadambuka --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Notion T Gombe --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Gerald Shambira --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Mufuta Tshimanga --- University of Zimbabwe, ZimbabweHIV testing services (HTS) enable early linkage to HIV prevention, treatment and care. A review of Chegutu District Health Information System 2 sexually transmitted infection (STI)/HIV data revealed HIV testing rates among those infected with STIs were 41%, 48%, 50%,... -
Training Social Network-Central Fishermen in Western Kenya to Distribute HIV Self-Test Kits and Health Facility Referral Vouchers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Joseph Onyango Okore --- , Kenya Carol S Camlin --- University of California San Francisco, USA Jayne Lewis-Kulzer --- University of California San Francisco, USA Sarah A Gutin --- University of California San Francisco, USA Edwin Charlebois --- University of California San Francisco, USA Benard Ayieko --- , Kenya Zachary Kwena --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Kawango Agot --- , KenyaLow HIV testing among men, particularly highly mobile fishermen, is a persistent challenge. The Owete study (NCT#04772469) used social network-central men (Promoters) to promote testing and linkage to HIV services among social networks of fishermen in western Kenya. The Promoters... -
Giving adolescent girls and young women a foothold: Economic strengthening as a key protection strategy against HIV infection in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Andrew Hartnack --- University of the Free State, South Africa Jenny Mcloughlin --- For TB HIV CARE, Anje Pretorius --- For TB HIV CARE, Harry Hausler --- For TB HIV CARE,This paper focused on the prevention of HIV transmission for adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), through a layered approach which included economic strengthening as a core strategy, especially for the most vulnerable. Based on multi-year data in KwaZulu-Natal, South... -
The challenge of using museum specimens to track the emergence of a pathogen: a case study from amphibian chytrid fungus in Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: TM Doherty-Bone --- Natural History Museum London, M Perkins --- Zoological Society of London, AA Cunningham --- Zoological Society of London,Archived specimens can provide insights on emerging infectious diseases through the tracking of the progression or occurrence of a pathogen through time. Specimen fixation and preservation may however affect detectability of pathogens, obscuring the signal of emergence. A case study... -
The added value of community-based organisations in retaining people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the continuum of care in Mali
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Marion Di Ciaccio --- Community-based research laboratory, Coalition PLUS, France Mariam Yebedie --- Association pour la Résilience des Communautés pour l’Accès au Développement et à la Santé - ARCAD Santé PLUS, Mali Kanuya Coulibaly --- Association pour la Résilience des Communautés pour l’Accès au Développement et à la Santé - ARCAD Santé PLUS, Mali Diane Dondbzanga --- Association pour la Résilience des Communautés pour l’Accès au Développement et à la Santé - ARCAD Santé PLUS, Mali Djénébou Traoré --- Association pour la Résilience des Communautés pour l’Accès au Développement et à la Santé - ARCAD Santé PLUS, Mali Mamadou Cissé --- Association pour la Résilience des Communautés pour l’Accès au Développement et à la Santé - ARCAD Santé PLUS, Mali Bintou Dembélé --- Association pour la Résilience des Communautés pour l’Accès au Développement et à la Santé - ARCAD Santé PLUS, Mali Laura Rouane --- Community-based research laboratory, Coalition PLUS, France Rosemary M Delabre --- Community-based research laboratory, Coalition PLUS, France Daniel Simões --- Community-based research laboratory, Coalition PLUS, France Daniela Rojas Castro --- Community-based research laboratory, Coalition PLUS, France Luis Sagaon-Teyssier --- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, FranceBackground: Retention in care of people living with HIV (PLHIV) is a crucial public health issue in Mali. Several barriers to retention have been highlighted, including socioeconomic status, gender, sexual orientation, HIV-related stigma, as well as organisational and structural barriers,... -
Malawi’s progress towards UNAIDS 95-95-95 fast-track targets: who is lagging?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Bilaal Wilson Matola --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Lovemore Mapahla --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Juliet Charity Yauka Nyasulu --- Stellenbosch University, South AfricaThe HIV and AIDS epidemic remains a critical global health challenge. Malawi accounts for 2.5% of global HIV cases and is a focus country in the UNAIDS 95-95-95 fast-track initiative. Despite reaching 92-95-94 in 2020, there is a need to... -
HIV incidence and prevalence projections for Zimbabwe: Findings from five mathematical models
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Isaac Taramusi --- UNAIDS UCO Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe John Stover --- , United States of America Robert Glaubius --- , United States of America Tsitsi Apollo --- Ministry of Health and Child Care, Zimbabwe Getrude Ncube --- Ministry of Health and Child Care, Zimbabwe Owen Mugurungi --- Ministry of Health and Child Care, Zimbabwe Ngwarai Sithole --- Ministry of Health and Child Care, Zimbabwe Loveleen Bansi-Matharu --- Institute for Global Health, University College London, United Kingdom Jenny Smith --- Institute for Global Health, University College London, United Kingdom Andrew Phillips --- Institute for Global Health, University College London, United Kingdom Valentina Cambiano --- Institute for Global Health, University College London, United Kingdom Daniel T Citron --- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, United States of America Anna Bershteyn --- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, United States of America Debra ten Brink --- Burnet Institute, Australia Rowan Martin-Hughes --- Burnet Institute, Australia Michael Pickles --- Medical Research Council Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, United Kingdom Paul Revill --- University of York, United Kingdom Amon Mpofu --- National AIDS Council of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Jeffrey Imai-Eaton --- Chan School of Public Health, Center for Communicable Diseases Dynamics, Harvard University, United States of America Richard Makurumidze --- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Simbarashe Rusakaniko --- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, ZimbabweIntroduction: Understanding how HIV epidemics are likely to behave in the future is key to informing HIV response strategies in low-income countries. Up-to-date HIV epidemiological estimates are important for policy decision- making, but surveillance data can be out of date... -
HIV stigma in faith communities in South Africa: A cross-sectional study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Germari Kruger --- North-West University, South Africa Eduardus A. J. G van der Borght --- Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands Martha T Teijema --- Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, The Netherlands Sabine L van Elsland --- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom Stella L. E Münninghoff --- Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands Marceline Tutu van Furth --- Amsterdam University Center, Emma’s Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam Institute for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, The NetherlandsBackground: The role of religion and faith in the context of HIV stigma is complex. It is important to recognise the diversity of religious beliefs and practices and to work with faith communities to promote a compassionate, non-stigmatising response to... -
Influence of self-compassion on HIV-related stigma, health-related quality of life, and depression among HIV/AIDS patients
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Chinenye Joseph Aliche --- North West University, South Africa Erhabor Sunday Idemudia --- North West University, South Africa Michael O. Ezenwa --- Nnamdi Azikiwe University, NigeriaBackground: People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) may experience HIV-related stigma, which could negatively impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and increase symptoms of depression. Self-compassion is a positive personality attribute that may protect PLWHA against stigmatisation. Previous studies have not... -
Evaluating the implementation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Mwanza district hospital, Malawi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: John Bester Kalumbi --- Peking University, ChinaIntroduction: Globally, mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV significantly contributes to paediatric HIV infections. Effective prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs aim to achieve the World Health Organization’s target of less than 5% transmission rates. This study evaluated the implementation of... -
Stigma reduction Interventions for adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Sub-Saharan African countries: The state of the evidence
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Dorothy Serwaa Boakye --- University of Education, Ghana Samuel Adjorlolo --- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, GhanaBackground: HIV-related stigma remains a significant barrier to well-being and access to healthcare for adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. Stigma reduction interventions have been developed to address this challenge, but the effectiveness of these interventions... -
Participant acceptability and clinician satisfaction of cognitive behavioural therapy and medication management algorithm compared with enhanced standard care for treatment of depression among youth with HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health • Authors: Emily A Barr --- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA Kristin Baltrusaitis --- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA Betsy D Kennard --- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, USA Graham J Emslie --- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, USA Chelsea Krotje --- , USA Kevin Knowles --- , USA Sarah Buisson --- , USA Lauren Bergam --- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA Jaime G Deville --- David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, USA Susan L Gillespie --- , USA Melissa Shikora --- , USA Ellen Townley --- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, USA David E Shapiro --- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA Larry K Brown --- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USABackground: Primary results of the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Network (IMPAACT) 2002 trial showed that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and medication management algorithm (MMA) (COMB-R) significantly improved depression in youth with HIV (YWH) compared with enhanced standard... -
Association between HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy and dysglycaemia prevalence in black South Africans: evidence from the Durban Diabetes Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: D Perumal --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa FJ Pirie --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa TM Esterhuizen --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa B O’Leary --- , South Africa EH Young --- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, UK MI McCarthy --- University of Oxford, UK MS Sandhu --- University of Cambridge, UK AA Motala --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa -
Izingqinamba ezibhekene nabalingiswa abathandana nobulili obufanayo emibhalweni yesiZulu: Kugxilwe enovelini ethi Bengithi lizokuna nethi Mthathe Ungowakho!
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of African Languages • Authors: Melusi Ernest Msomi --- University of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa Phindile Dorothy Dlamini --- University of KwaZulu Natal, South AfricaLeli phepha lihlose ukuhlaziya nokucubungula izingqinamba nokungemukeleki kwabalingiswa abathandana nobulili obufana nobabo enovelini ethi Bengithi Lizokuna kanye nethi Mthathe Ungowakho! Inoveli ethi Bengithi Lizokuna ibhalwe nguNakanjani Sibiya, yashicilelwa ngowezi-2008 kanti inoveli ethi Mthathe Ungowakho ilotshwe nguScelo Ntshangase kanti ishicilelwe ngonyaka... -
Physical activity and exercise for older people living with HIV – the perceptions of health care professionals
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Levin Chetty --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Saul Cobbing --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Verusia Chetty --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaAs people age with HIV, the prescription of physical activity should be included as part of their comprehensive medical management. The higher prevalence of comorbidities, polypharmacy, drug interactions and end-stage complications in this specific population requires a multidisciplinary health care... -
Associations of maternal HIV infection, anaemia and placental insufficiency with neurodevelopment and anaemia in South African children: a cross-sectional study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Mothusi Nyofane --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Marinel Hoffman --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Helen Mulol --- University of Pretoria, Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, South Africa Qondeni Ndlangamandla --- Biostatistics Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Robert Pattinson --- University of Pretoria, Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, South Africa Ute Feucht --- University of Pretoria, Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, South Africa -
Haemoglobin levels and growth of South African infants aged 6–12 months exposed to maternal HIV infection
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Phumudzo Tshiambara --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Marinel Hoffman --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Heather Legodi --- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa Helen Mulol --- University of Pretoria, Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, South Africa Ute Feucht --- University of Pretoria, Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, South Africa -
The mediating effect of individual beliefs between self-testing knowledge and HIV self-testing use
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gerald Mukisa Nsereko --- Makerere University, Uganda Khamisi Musanje --- Makerere University, Uganda Loyce Kiiza Kobusingye --- Makerere University, Uganda Martin Mabunda Baluku --- Makerere University, UgandaBackground: HIV self-testing has been introduced as a secondary mode of testing in most countries as a way of counteracting the barriers associated with the traditional clinic-based method of testing. As the entry point into the HIV care cascade, testing... -
Factors driving pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake among students at six Gauteng province universities: An application of Pender’s Health Promotion Model
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Paul Potsane --- University of Johannesburg, South Africa Charlene Downing --- University of Johannesburg, South Africa Patrick Ndayizigamiye --- College of Business & Economics, University of Johannesburg, South AfricaBackground: South Africa has the world’s highest HIV prevalence rate (12.7%), with university students disproportionately affected. While HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective preventive measure for high-risk individuals, its uptake among university students remains low, which hinders progress toward... -
Assessment of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and knowledge gaps among healthcare providers in Egypt
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Salma M. A. Mansour --- Egyptian Intellectual Property Authority, Egypt Rahma Mohamed --- Cairo University Hospitals HIV Clinic, Cairo University, Egypt Moses Shongwe --- , United Kingdom Eman Raslan --- , Ahmed Cordie --- Cairo University Hospitals HIV Clinic, Cairo University, Egypt Mohamed AbdAllah --- National Research Center, Egypt Shadw Osama Helal --- Cairo University Hospitals, Egypt Kareem Essam Aiad --- Specialised Medical Centers, Egypt Salma Ghoneim --- Cairo University, Egypt Mohamed Khaled Elshirbeny --- Nasser Institute Hospital for Research and Treatment, Specialised Medical Centers, Egypt Mohamed Gamal Ahmed --- Elsahel Teaching Hospital, Egypt Saeed Soliman --- ,Background: Stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV (PLHIV) in healthcare settings are significant barriers to achieving Egypt’s 95–95–95 targets and ending AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Misconceptions among healthcare professionals (HCPs) can negatively affect testing,... -
Universal Health Service Coverage under threat? A study of the effects of PEPFAR HIV funding on UHC
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lazarus Muchabaiwa --- UNAIDS, Kenya Charles Birungi --- UNAIDS, Kenya Melissa Sobers --- UNAIDS, Kenya Jaime Atienza Azcona --- UNAIDS, SwitzerlandIntroduction: While the effects of the US government’s sudden pause of foreign aid on the global HIV response have been well documented, little is known about the likely impact on universal health coverage (UHC) in recipient countries. This study assesses... -
Feasibility, challenges, and lessons learned in implementing antiretroviral adherence club models in Northern Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ramadhani Abdul --- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands Lukas Van Duffel --- Doctors with Africa Collegio Universitario Aspiranti Medici Missionari (CUAMM), Tanzania Giulia Martelli --- Doctors with Africa Collegio Universitario Aspiranti Medici Missionari (CUAMM), Tanzania Edda Ndyamukama Joel --- Doctors with Africa Collegio Universitario Aspiranti Medici Missionari (CUAMM), Tanzania Joyce Zacharia Misesemo --- Doctors with Africa Collegio Universitario Aspiranti Medici Missionari (CUAMM), Tanzania Tobias F. Rinke de Wit --- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands Sayoki Mfinanga --- National Institute for Medical Research, Tanzania Anton Pozniak --- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom Sabine Hermans --- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, University of Amsterdam, the NetherlandsIntroduction: In Tanzania, nearly 1.6 million adults were living with HIV in 2022, with an HIV prevalence rate of 4.4%. We piloted community health worker-managed adherence clubs in two clinics in Shinyanga, Tanzania. We previously demonstrated better stability in care... -
Psychosocial predictors and gender differences in the mental well-being of adolescents living with HIV in Ibadan, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ezekiel O. Aruoture --- University of Ibadan, Nigeria Abel C. Obosi --- University of Ibadan, NigeriaBackground: The psychosocial vulnerability of adolescents living with HIV, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where structural and psychosocial stressors are prevalent, is an important public health concern. While several studies have investigated some psychosocial factors as they predict mental well-being among... -
The association between fracture risk and bone mineral density in black postmenopausal women living with human immunodeficiency virus
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: C van der Merwe --- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, South Africa PO Ukegbu --- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, South Africa HS Kruger --- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, South Africa -
Barriers and facilitators influencing the use of HIV self-testing amongst adolescent girls and young women in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mimi Eve Teffo --- School of Built Environment and Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Mbongeleni Thembalihle Mgwaba --- School of Built Environment and Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa -
Systematic scoping review on HIV services for males in Sub-Saharan Africa: Access, barriers, and research gaps
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Patience Manjengwa --- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, South Africa Clarence Yah --- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, South Africa Nozipho Musakwa --- Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, South Africa Alfred Musekiwa --- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, South Africa -
HIVST in the presence of a partner among fishermen in Western Kenya: A qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Peter Abade --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Phoebe Olugo --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Sarah A. Gutin --- Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, USA Holly Nishimura --- Department of Medicine, Division of Prevention Sciences, University of California San Francisco, USA Jayne Lewis-Kulzer --- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, USA Marguerite Thorp --- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, USA Benard Ayieko --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Lennah Oluoch --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya David Angawa --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Carol S. Camlin --- Department of Medicine, Division of Prevention Sciences, University of California San Francisco, USA Zachary A. Kwena --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya
