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Nature and Prevalence of Childhood Sexual Abuse Among High School Girls and College Students in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Patrick Chiroro --- University of Pretoria, Tendayi G. Viki --- University of Kent at Canterbury, Ann Frodi --- Linkoping University, Tinashe Muromo --- University of Zimbabwe, Alwin Tsigah --- University of Zimbabwe,The study investigated the nature and prevalence of self-reported childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among a sample of Zimbabwean girls and college students. A total of 1059 high school girls and college students with a mean age (M = 18.31, SD... -
Researching Child Sexual Abuse in South Africa: Complexities in the Field
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Tlakale Nareadi Phasha --- Department of Educational Psychology, South AfricaThis study reports on my fieldwork experiences applying qualitative research strategies to study child sexual abuse in South Africa. It considers the challenges associated with, at three stages of data collection: ethical clearance, recruitment and data collection, followed by possible... -
HIV/AIDS Awareness of In—School Adolescents in Nigeria: Implications for Adolescence Sexuality
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Mary Ogechi Esere --- University of Ilorin, NigeriaThis study investigated HIV/AIDS awareness of in-school adolescents in Nigeria to determine their risk for contracting HIV/AIDS. A total of 892 purposively selected adolescents (mean age = 16. 5 years; SD = 5. 2; males = 492; females = 400)... -
Maternal Response to Father-Daughter Incest: Experiences of Mothers Following Disclosure
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Tokozile Mayekiso --- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Fikelephi Mbokazi --- University of the Witwatersrand,This study explored the impact of the disclosure of sexual abuse of the daughter by the father or father figure on the mother. Data were collected from seven mothers aged between 31 and 48 years whose daughters had a history... -
The School Functioning of Individuals with Childhood Experiences of Sexual Abuse: Results and Implications of a South African Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Tlakale Nareadi Phasha --- University of Johannesburg,This study investigated the school functioning of individuals with childhood sexual experiences in South Africa. The nature of the study was qualitative, and employed two data collection strategies: in-depth individual interviews with 22 survivors of child sexual abuse and focus... -
Levels of Social Support and Coping Strategies in Adult Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Patricia Marivate --- University of Limpopo, Sylvester Ntomchukwu Madu --- University of Limpopo,The study examined the effects of levels of social support and types of coping strategies on the psychological adjustment of adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Five hundred students from two universities in the Limpopo Province of South Africa participated... -
A Group of Sexually Abused Adolescents' Perceptions of their Future Life-Roles: An Exploratory Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Martha A. J. (Tilla) Olivier --- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Daniel J. L. Venter --- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Johannes L. van der Walt --- North-West University,Sexual abuse of adolescents can have detrimental effects on their perceptions of their different future life-roles. We investigated such perceptions of students with a history of sexual abuse (n=163) as well as typically developing others (n=237). Participants completed the Life-role... -
Pupils' Perceptions of Sexual Abuse by Teachers in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Almon Shumba --- University of Fort Hare, Pesanayi Gwirayi --- Midlands State University, Jenny Shumba --- Morgan ZINTEC College, Cosmas Maphosa --- Zimbabwe Open University, Regis Chireshe --- Great Zimbabwe University, Ephias Gudyanga --- Midlands State University, Alfred Henry Makura --- University of Fort Hare,Most studies available on sexual abuse of pupils in schools have examined the epidemiology of the phenomenon by teachers but have not looked at what the pupils themselves say about why some teachers sexually abuse them. This study sought to... -
Childhood Sexual Abuse Experiences of Female Student Teachers in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Pesanayi Gwirayi --- Midlands State University, Zimbabwe Almon Shumba --- University of Fort Hare, South AfricaThe study investigated childhood sexual abuse (CSA) experiences of female student teachers in Zimbabwe. A convenience sample of 112 female respondents (mean age = 27.4 years) responded to a retrospective questionnaire which assessed childhood sexual experiences. Data were analysed descriptively... -
(Teen)Age is More than a Number: Generational Identity within the Context of HIV and AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Shakila Reddy --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,This study explored some of the complexities through which young adults construct and represent their sexual identities within the context of HIV/AIDS. The sample comprised a total of 136 (female = 77; male = 59) Indian and African learners, who... -
The Cross-Cultural Validity of the Child Sexual Abuse Myth Scale: A Preliminary Investigation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Steven J. Collings --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Lotten Lindblom --- Växjö University, Sweden Sylvester N. Madu --- University of Limpopo, South Africa Myung Sook Park --- Sangji University, KoreaThe cross-cultural validity of the Child Sexual Abuse Myth Scale was examined in samples of adolescents and young adults drawn from three countries: South Africa (n = 200), Korea (n = 200), and Sweden (n = 200). Participants completed the... -
Traditionally-Grounded Strategies for Sexual Abuse Prevention among Children of African Descent in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Nareadi Phasha --- University of Johannesburg,THIS article attempts to strike the balance between different worldviews in strengthening the existing anti-sexual abuse efforts so as to maximise their effectiveness and relevance to all people in South Africa. It discusses some of the practices associated with African... -
Child Sexual Abuse in Schools: Preliminary Indication for Enhancement of Universal Primary Education and Community (EUPEC Project)—Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Twesigye Consilous Rwanyonga --- Enhancement of Universal Primary Education and Community (EUPEC Project), Mbaziira Mike --- Enhancement of Universal Primary Education and Community (EUPEC Project), Aisha Nakubulwa --- City Council of Kampala,This study sought to access pupils' knowledge on their rights as children, establishing the common violations experienced with emphasis to understanding the forms of child sexual abuse acts in Ugandan primary schools. Quantitative data were collected from 30 schools covering... -
Play Therapy as an Intervention Against Sexual Violence in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Munita Dunn --- University of South Africa, Morekwe Selemogwe --- University of Botswana,The study explored the experience of social workers (n=9, consisting of females only, age range 25 to 40) and lay counsellors (n=9, consisting of 2 males and 7 females, age range 20 to 30) in Botswana. Participants had brief training... -
Premarital Sexual Permissiveness among Nigerian Undergraduates: The influence of Religiosity and Self-Esteem
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Ojedokun A. Oluyinka --- Olabisi Onabanjo University,The study investigated empirically the influence of religiosity, self-esteem and age on attitude towards premarital sexual permissiveness among a sample of 400 Nigerian undergraduates (males =200, females =200 Age range =20 to 31 years). The instrument of data collection is... -
The Influence of Television on Adolescent Girls' Sexual Attitudes and Behaviour in a South African Setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Tebogo Moswang --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Ilse Ruane --- University of Pretoria, South AfricaThis study explored how television influences the sexual attitudes and behaviour of adolescent girls in a South African urban setting. A total of 4 adolescent girls participated (average age = 16 years old, range = 15–17 years old). Data was... -
Sexual Behaviour of High School Students in Two Rural South African Communities
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Lauren G. Wild --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Alan J. Flisher --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Carl F. Lombard --- Medical Research Council, South AfricaThis study investigated the prevalence and correlates of sexual risk behaviour among high school students in two rural settings in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, using a cross-sectional survey design. One thousand six hundred and thirteen randomly-selected adolescents (58% female)... -
Community Psychology Doctoral Theses: A South African University Case Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Anthony L. Pillay --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Jabulani D. Thwala --- University of Zululand,The present investigation analysed the Community Psychology doctoral thesis trends with respect to student demographics, thesis topics, research methodology, research participant demographics, rural/urban focus, community empowerment focus, and programme development and evaluation at one institution. Of the 51 students who... -
Young Rural Males in South Africa Speak on Teenage Pregnancy: “It's Really Her Problem”
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Reshma Sathiparsad --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,The aim of this study was to explore the attitudes, beliefs and behaviours of school-going rural males in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa on teenage pregnancy. Two methods of data collection were used, namely, a quantitative survey with a sample of 294... -
‘We Do Not Cook, We Only Assist Them’: Constructions of Hegemonic Masculinity Through Gendered Activity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Kopano Ratele --- University of South Africa/Medical Research Council, Tamara Shefer --- University of the Western Cape, Anna Strebel --- Independent Researcher, Elron Fouten --- Rhodes University,This article discusses how the gendering of activity by boys coincides with, contests or recreates constructions of hegemonic masculinity in the context of South Africa. The study used a qualitative methodology including a series of three focus groups with 14–16... -
Male Soldiers' Constructions of Masculinity, Sexuality and Sexual Violence
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Nyameka Mankayi --- Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), South AfricaThis article explores soldiers' constructions of masculinity, sexual practices and gender-based violence, in particular sexual violence towards women. Fourteen male soldiers in the South African National Defence Force between the ages of 23 and 33 years old participated. A discourse... -
Men in Uniforms: Masculinity, Sexuality and HIV/AIDS in Western Rwanda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Bjarke Oxlund --- University of Copenhagen, Denmark Lise Rosendal Østergaard --- University of Copenhagen, Denmark Geoffrey Ngiruwonsanga Kayonde --- Adventist Development and Relief Agency, RwandaThe objective of this study was to provide an in-depth description and analysis of the lived experiences of men in uniforms in Western Rwanda with a view to the links between notions of masculinity, sexual practices and the spread of... -
‘Coloured’ Boys Talk: Constructing Heterosexual Masculinities in a Working Class High School Context
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Bronwynne Anderson --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,This article presents the results of a year-long ethnographic study of 13 ‘Coloured’, working class, high school boys aged 14–17 in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Data derived using participant observation and semi-structured in-depth interviews. Social constructionist perspectives were used as a... -
Safe Sex Education for Adolescent Daughters: vhaVenda Mothers Views
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Mpho Ramarumo --- University of Venda, South Africa Pilot Mudhovozi --- University of Venda, South Africa Tholene Sodi --- University of Limpopo, South AfricaThe study explored vhaVenda mothers' perceptions of imparting safe sex education to their adolescent daughters. Data was collected through six focus group discussions with each group consisting of six to eight mothers. The results indicated that mothers want their children... -
Sexuality Education in South Africa: Wedged within a Triad of Contradictory Values
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Dennis A. Francis --- University of the Free State, South AfricaFew studies have investigated how teachers teach sexuality within the Outcomes-Based Life Orientation programme. This desktop review investigates sex and sexuality teaching practices in the classroom. First it gives a brief overview of the curriculum requirements for sexuality education. Secondly,... -
Psychological Distress and Associated Factors Among a Sample of Pregnant Women in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Elisa Shikwane --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Gladys Matseke --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaWe sought to identify the prevalence of psychological distress and associated factors among pregnant women who were patients at antenatal primary care clinics in a South Africa district. A cross-sectional study using systematic sampling was conducted among 1497 pregnant women... -
Prevalence of Alcohol Use and Associated Factors in Pregnant Antenatal Care Attendees in Mpumalanga, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Julia Louw --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Gladys Matseke --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaWe sought to identify the prevalence of alcohol use and associated factors among pregnant women who were patients at antenatal primary care clinics in a South Africa health district. A cross-sectional study using systematic sampling was conducted among 1497 pregnant... -
Perceived Child Rearing Practices as Predictors of University Students' Satisfaction with their Sexual Relationships
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Charisse Lowe --- University of the Free State, Edwin Devon du Plessis --- University of the Free State, Nico Nortje --- University of the Free State,The aim of this study was to determine the effects that perceived child-rearing practices have on the sexually intimate relationship satisfaction of a sample of 130 male (n=62) and female (n=68) fourth year South African university students. Participants completed the... -
Unwanted Early Sexual Experiences Among Male University Students in Belgium and South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Arlynn Revell --- Catholic University Leuven, Lionel Nicholas --- Monash South Africa University,This study compared the unwanted early sexual experiences (UESE) of Belgian and South African first-year male university students. A self-report checklist was administered to all consenting students attending an orientation programme at a Belgian and a South African University. Respondents... -
Perceived Sexual Harassment Among Female Students at a Zimbabwean Institution of Higher Learning
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Thelma Dhlomo --- Great Zimbabwe University, Zimbabwe Rose M. Mugweni --- Great Zimbabwe University, Zimbabwe Gwen Shoniwa --- Great Zimbabwe University, Zimbabwe Levison Maunganidze --- Midlands State University, Zimbabwe Tholene Sodi --- University of Limpopo, South AfricaThis study analysed perceived sexual harassment experiences and responses among 136 female students (aged 19 to 40) randomly drawn from an institution of higher learning in Zimbabwe. A Sexual Harassment Questionnaire (SEQ) was administered to the participants. Data were summarized... -
Early Sexual Debut and Associated Risk Factors Among Male and Female Youth in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Witness Chirinda --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Shandir Ramlagan --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Julia S. Louw --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and correlates of early sexual debut among youth aged 18–24 in South Africa. In a cross-sectional population based survey 3123 youth were interviewed with a structured questionnaire in four provinces... -
The Prevalence of Coping Behaviour, Posttraumatic Growth and Psychological Well-Being in Women who Experienced Childhood Sexual Abuse
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Hayley J. Walker-Williams --- North-West University, South Africa Chrizanne van Eeden --- North-West University, South Africa Karen van der Merwe --- North-West University, South AfricaThis study investigated the prevalence of coping behaviour, posttraumatic growth and psychological well-being in adult South African women (n=60, mean age=32, ethnicity=70% European, 28% African and 2% Asian descent). Specifically, the study considered the prevalence of constructive coping, posttraumatic growth... -
Coping Behaviour, Posttraumatic Growth and Psychological Well-Being in Women with Childhood Sexual Abuse
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Hayley J. Walker-Williams --- North-West University, South Africa Chrizanne van Eeden --- North-West University, South Africa Karen van der Merwe --- North-West University, South AfricaThis study investigated the coping behaviours and posttraumatic growth of women with sexual abuse in childhood (CSA) and long-term effects on their psychological well-being in adulthood. Participants were 10 women survivors of CSA (ages ranging from 23–48 years). Data on... -
Access to Sexuality Information by Zimbabwean School Teenagers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Martin Musengi --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Almon Shumba --- Central University of Technology, South AfricaThis study reports on the findings on access to sexuality information by Zimbabwean school teenagers from a region with cultural rites of passage to adulthood. Participants were a convenience sample of 100 Shangaan speaking high school students (females = 50%)... -
Dating and Identity Development Among IsiXhosa Speaking Adolescents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Andile Mdikana --- University of South Africa, Nareadi Phasha --- University of South Africa, Sibusiso Ntshangase --- University of South Africa, Msongelwa Gumede --- University of South Africa,This study explored dating and identity development among IsiXhosa speaking adolescents in South Africa. The participants were 40 Grade 12 learners (females = 50%) aged between 17 and 24 years. Data were collected using identity status interviews and analyzed descriptively... -
Sexual Activity Among Rural High School Students in Zimbabwe: Results and Implications for HIV Prevention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Taruvinga Mushoriwa --- University of Fort Hare,This study surveyed sexual activity among Zimbabwean teenagers with a view to assisting them adopt safe sexual practices in the face of the HIV\AIDS pandemic. Participants were 200 high school students (females = 50%; mean age = 16.7%, SD =... -
Influences on Under Reporting of Sexual Abuse of Teenagers with Intellectual Disability: Results and Implications of a South African Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Phasha Tlakale Nareadi --- University of South Africa,This paper reports on part of the findings of a study on care and support for sexually abused teenagers with intellectual disability in Gauteng Province, South Africa. The focus is particularly on influences of under reporting of sexual abuse of... -
AIDS communications through social networks: catalyst for behaviour changes in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Daniel Low-Beer RandL StoneburnerObjective: To investigate distinctive communications through social networks which may be associated with population behaviour changes and HIV prevalence declines in Uganda compared to other countries. -
Muted voices: HIV/AIDS and the young people of Burkina Faso and Senegal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lise Rosendal Østergaard Helle SamuelsenThis article explores the discrepancies between the vocal public discourse on HIV/AIDS and sexuality as generally encouraged by policy-makers and donor communities in Africa, and the often hushed voices of their target groups: young people in African communities. Based on... -
Differences in Tunisian adolescents' knowledge, misconceptions and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS from 1997 to 2002
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Fethi Tebourski Aida NajemSurveys were conducted to estimate the extent to which knowledge, misconceptions and attitudes of adolescents in Tunisia towards HIV/AIDS had changed after a period of five years. A population of school-going adolescents of both sexes, age 16 to 20, was... -
Sex, disease and stigma in South Africa: historical perspectives
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Peter Delius Clive GlaserThis paper attempts to analyse historically why stigma and denial around HIV/AIDS is so powerful in South Africa, so powerful that ailing family members can be shunned and evicted. For many observers, the answer lies simply in its being a... -
Knowledge, attitudes and sexual practices of adolescents with mild retardation, in relation HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Naseema Dawood Anil Bhagwanjee Kay Govender Ebrahim ChohanThis study investigates the knowledge, attitudes and sexual practices of adolescents with mild mental retardation (MMR) in relation to HIV/AIDS. Questionnaires were personally administered to a saturation sample of 90 adolescents with MMR drawn from one specialised educational institution in... -
Talking about sex in Botswana: social desirability bias and possible implications for HIV-prevention research
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kata Chillag Greg Guest Arwen Bunce Laura Johnson PeterH Kilmarx DawnK SmithEvaluations of the safety, effectiveness, and feasibility of HIV prevention interventions rely on self-reported sexual behaviour data. The accuracy of such data has sometimes been questioned. The absence of a so-called objective measure of sexual behaviour complicates this. Social desirability... -
Youth have a new attitude on AIDS, but are they talking about it?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Alison Zisser Dennis FrancisIn advocating HIV prevention, organisations such as loveLife in South Africa have increasingly used the media to encourage communication and influence behaviour change in youth. Our study examined youths' understanding and communication habits surrounding loveLife's extensive 'Get Attitude' print campaign... -
Zambian male adolescents' perceptions about premarital sexual relationships
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elisabeth Dahlbäck Patrick Makelele C Bawa Yamba Staffan Bergström Anna-Berit Ransjö-ArvidsonThe role adolescent boys play in premarital sexual activities, gender power relations, and the reproductive health risks they are exposed to, has received little attention in research. This qualitative study has aimed to explore Zambian male adolescents' perceptions and expectations... -
Community impact of HIV status disclosure through an integrated community home-based care programme
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Busisiwe Ncama Leana UysThe integration of HIV-prevention activities into care has received little attention within or outside formal healthcare settings. The contribution of community home-based care services in facilitating disclosure of HIV status and reducing stigma have also not been described. This study... -
Youth's perceptions of HIV infection risk: a sex-specific test of two risk models
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Yetunde ShoboThe study examines the associations between the cumulative and additive risk models and Nigerian youth's likelihood of perceiving vulnerability to HIV infection. Both models of risk seem to provide unique contributions to such understanding. The analysis is based on data... -
The influence of peers and other significant persons on sexuality and condom-use among young adults in northern Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Bernard Njau Sabina Mtweve Longin Barongo Rachel Manongi Juliet Chugulu Marcelina Msuya Stella Mwampeta Bertha Kiwale Joseph Lekule Hector JalipaSexual behaviour change remains a primary goal of HIV prevention efforts globally. It is a complex issue influenced by numerous unpredictable variables such as individual desires, social and cultural relationships, and environmental and economic dynamics. This study in northern Tanzania... -
Modelling the relationship between antiretroviral treatment and HIV prevention: limitations of the Spectrum AIDS Impact Model in a changing policy environment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nicoli NattrassThis paper shows how two publicly available epidemiological modelling packages, namely the Spectrum AIDS Impact Model and the ASSA2003 AIDS and Demographic Model, predict very different impacts from rolling out highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) on new HIV infections. Using... -
The protective effect of male circumcision on HIV infection in a sample of Kenyan men
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: YanyiK Djamba LaToyaS DavisThis article examines the association between male circumcision and HIV infection in a national sample. The analysis is based on the 2003 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS), a nationally representative household-based population survey of adults, in which male respondents... -
Short-term effects of a peer group intervention for HIV prevention among trainee teachers in Malawi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: KathleenF Norr JamesL Norr ChrissiePN Kaponda SitingawawoI Kachingwe EllenMD MbwezaThis report describes the implementation and short-term results of a peer group intervention for HIV prevention on the HIV-related attitudes, knowledge and behaviours of primary school teachers in Malawi. The intervention, based on the social-cognitive learning model, took place in... -
Contextual factors associated with treatment-seeking and higher-risk sexual behaviour in Botswana among men with symptoms of sexually transmitted infections
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tabitha LangeniThis study investigates contextual factors associated with treatment-seeking behaviour and higher-risk sexual conduct of men symptomatic of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Botswana. Data were drawn from a randomly selected, nationally representative sample of 8 222 men, aged 15–64 years,... -
Vulnerability to HIV infection among Luo female adolescent orphans in Western Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Erick Otieno NyambedhaLarge-scale surveys have reported that about 55% of orphans worldwide are adolescents. In Kenya, the majority of HIV-infected adolescents are females. The current study used the anthropological methods of in-depth case studies to analyse how migratory life situations of individual... -
The correlates of safe sex practices among Rwandan youth: a positive deviance approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Stella Babalola --- Center for Communication Programs (JHU/CCP), United States of America David Awasum --- , Rwanda Brigitte Quenum-Renaud --- , RwandaThis paper presents the results of a 2001 sample survey and uses an ideation model to identify the factors affecting primary sexual abstinence and condom use among Rwandan youth. The findings showed that urban residence and age negatively influence primary... -
Kissing the cobra: Sexuality and high risk in a generalised epidemic—a case study of White university students
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tessa Marcus --- , South AfricaThis paper explores the social factors that may account for the way the HIV-AIDS epidemic is unfolding in a racially segmented and socially differentiated society. As a sexually transmitted infectious disease that particularly infects adolescents and decimates young adults, there... -
Assessment of behavioural risk factors for HIV/AIDS in selected target groups in and around Addis Ababa and Nazareth cities, Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Teshome Nedi --- Department of Pharmacology, Ethiopia Mehret Yerdaw --- Department of Pharmacology, Ethiopia Fikre Enquoselassie --- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, EthiopiaA stratified cross-sectional survey was conducted on 2 278 people residing in and around Addis Ababa and Nazareth cities to assess the behavioural risk factors in HIV/AIDS in selected target groups from August 2000 to December 2000. The target groups,... -
Secrecy, stigma and HIV/AIDS: An introduction
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Graeme Reid --- , South Africa Liz Walker --- , South AfricaThis paper situates the articles selected for this special issue of AJAR within the context of the Sex and Secrecy conference, from which they emerged and within the discourse of secrecy. Secrecy and silence which have characterised the HIV/AIDS epidemic... -
The [in]visibility of HIV/AIDS in the Malawi public sphere
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: John Lwanda --- , ScotlandThis paper argues that, far from being invisible, issues of sexuality are omnipresent in the African public sphere. However, this presence is not usually found in the medical nor overtly gender/sexual arenas but in general social contexts. Western derived research... -
Challenging dominant norms of masculinity for HIV prevention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Catherine MacPhail --- Reproductive Health Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, South AfricaWithin South Africa there is a growing HIV epidemic, particularly among young heterosexual people. A recent report (NMF/HSRC, 2002) indicates that levels of HIV infection among young people aged 15–24 years are 9.3% although other studies in more specific locations... -
Understanding self-appraisal of HIV-infection risk among young adults in Nigeria: evidence from a national survey
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Samson Babatunde Adebayo --- , Nigeria Jennifer Anyanti --- , Nigeria Augustine Ankomah --- , Kenya Godpower Omoregie --- , Nigeria Fatima Mamman-Daura --- , NigeriaA major component of HIV prevention is to encourage individuals to appreciate their personal risk of contracting the virus with the aim of encouraging them to take steps to reduce the risks. This article addresses the accuracy of an individual's... -
Dilemmas and tensions facing a faith-based organisation promoting HIVprevention among young people in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Marisa Casale --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Stephanie Nixon --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Sarah Flicker --- Faculty of Environmental Studies, Canada Clara Rubincam --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Angelique Jenney --- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, CanadaFaith-based organisations (FBOs) are receiving growing attention for their roles in addressing HIV and AIDS in southern Africa. These roles, however, are not without philosophical challenges. Yet, to date, most references to the successes or limitations of FBOs have remained... -
The effects of gender and socioeconomic status on youth sexual-risknorms: evidence from a poor urban community in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Michael Rogan --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Michaela Hynie --- Department of Psychology, Canada Marisa Casale --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Stephanie Nixon --- Department of Physical Therapy, Canada Sarah Flicker --- Faculty of Environment Studies, Canada Geoff Jobson --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Suraya Dawad --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaHIV and AIDS remains one of the most serious problems facing youths in many sub-Saharan African countries. Among young people in South Africa, gender is linked with a number of HIV-risk behaviours and outcomes. The literature suggests that factors such... -
Exploring the role of cognitive and structural forms of social capital in HIV/AIDS trends in the Kagera region of Tanzania – a grounded theory study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Gasto Frumence --- Department of Development Studies, Tanzania Malin Eriksson --- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sweden Lennarth Nystrom --- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sweden Japhet Killewo --- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Tanzania Maria Emmelin --- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, SwedenThe article presents a synthesis of data from three village case studies focusing on how structural and cognitive social capital may have influenced the progression of the HIV epidemic in the Kagera region of Tanzania. Grounded theory was used to... -
Masculinity and sexual practices in the military: a South African study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nyameka Mankayi --- , South Africa Anthony Vernon Naidoo --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaThe military's organisational culture tends to condone or encourage risk-taking behaviour. Willingness to accept and engage in risk-taking behaviour is central to good soldiering and is strongly associated with readiness for combat. This core attribute of military culture might predispose... -
Sexuality among the elderly in Dzivaresekwa district of Harare: the challenge of information, education and communication campaigns in support of an HIV/AIDS response
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ignatius Gutsa --- Department of Sociology, ZimbabweThis ethnographic study in Dzivaresekwa district, Harare, Zimbabwe, examines the issue of sexuality among the elderly and their challenges in accessing information, education, and communication (IEC) campaigns in the face of HIV and AIDS. The research depended heavily on collecting... -
The role of ‘pimping’ in the mediation of transactional sex at a university campus in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: TsitsiB Masvawure --- , South AfricaThe article focuses on a very specific form of transactional sex that exists at a university campus in Zimbabwe, which students refer to as ‘pimping.’ Drawing extensively on the specific experiences of a male student pimp, the article demonstrates that,... -
HIV/AIDS misconceptions may be associated with condom use among black South Africans: an exploratory analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: LauraM Bogart --- , United States Donald Skinner --- , South Africa LanceS Weinhardt --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, United States Laura Glasman --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, United States Cheryl Sitzler --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, United States Yoesrie Toefy --- , South Africa SethC Kalichman --- Department of Psychology, United StatesIn South Africa, approximately 20% of 15–49-year-olds are infected with HIV. Among black South Africans, high levels of HIV/AIDS misconceptions (e.g. HIV is manufactured by whites to reduce the black African population; AIDS is caused by supernatural forces or witchcraft)... -
Determinants of age at sexual debut and associated risks among South African youths
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Khangelani Zuma --- , South Africa Thembile Mzolo --- , South Africa Elias Makonko --- , South AfricaThe research uses data from a representative national survey to explore the determinants of age at sexual debut among South African youths in the age group 15–24 years. A random sample of 5 708 youths were interviewed and 92% responded... -
The new female condom (FC2) in Uganda: perceptions and experiences of users and their sexual partners
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: RhodaK Wanyenze --- , Uganda Lynn Atuyambe --- , Uganda Vista Kibirige --- , Uganda Sarah Mbabazi --- , Uganda NazariusM Tumwesigye --- , Uganda Kara Djurhuus --- , Uganda Alice Namale --- , UgandaThe new version of the female condom (FC2) was introduced in Uganda in October 2009, following an unsuccessful female condom programme begun in 1998. The failure of the earlier programme was partly attributed to low acceptance of the first type... -
Predictors of sexual-risk behaviour and HIV-preventive practices among university students in Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Yifru Berhan --- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethiopia Dejene Hailu --- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethiopia Abraham Alano --- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, EthiopiaA cross-sectional study design was used to assess sexual-risk behaviour and HIV-preventive practices among students at Hawassa University, Ethiopia, in 2009. Among 1 220 students eligible for the study, approximately 29% reported experience of sex (36.3% of the males and... -
Sexual-risk behaviour among sexually active first-year students at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Melissa D Abels --- Department of Statistics, South Africa Renette J Blignaut --- Department of Statistics, South AfricaIn South Africa, new HIV infections are concentrated among persons aged 15–24 years. The university population falls within this age group and are prone to higher-risk behaviours that place them at risk of acquiring HIV. In a study to assess... -
Gendered perceptions of HIV risk among young women and men in a high-HIV-prevalence setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Marisa Casale --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Michael Rogan --- School of Development Studies, South Africa Michaela Hynie --- Department of Psychology, Canada Sarah Flicker --- Department of Psychology, Canada Stephanie Nixon --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Clara Rubincam --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaIt has become evident that sexual health and HIV-risk behaviours cannot be addressed effectively without paying adequate attention to constructions of gender and sexuality. While the body of literature examining these themes is growing and becoming more nuanced, there is... -
Factors associated with HIV infection among sexually experienced adolescents in Africa: a pooled data analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Stella Babalola --- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United StatesThe article examines the factors associated with HIV status among adolescents aged 15–19 years in 13 African countries: Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Malawi, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The data were... -
An exploratory study of HIV-prevention advocacy by persons in HIV care in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Christopher Tumwine --- , Uganda Annet Nannungi --- , Uganda Eric Ssegujja --- , Uganda Nicolate Nekesa --- , Uganda Sarah Ssali --- , Uganda Lynn Atuyambe --- , Uganda Gery Ryan --- , United States Glenn Wagner --- , United StatesTo explore how people living with HIV (PLHIV) and in care encourage others to adopt HIV-protective behaviours, we conducted in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of 40 HIV clinic patients in Kampala, Uganda. Content analysis was used to examine the... -
Adolescents’ perceptions of sexual coercion in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ruth Birungi --- , Uganda Dennis Nabembezi --- , Uganda Julius Kiwanuka --- , Uganda Michele Ybarra --- , United States Sheana Bull --- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, United StatesIn Uganda, HIV prevalence remains high with young people at higher risk of infection than adults. Much is known about the sexual risk factors for HIV transmission among youths, including sexual encounters that are coerced. On the other hand, relatively... -
Transactional sex in the fishing communities along Lake Victoria, Kenya: a catalyst for the spread of HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: ZacharyA Kwena --- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Elizabeth Bukusi --- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Enos Omondi --- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Musa Ng'ayo --- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya KingK Holmes --- Department of Global Health, United StatesThe study describes the nature, context and implications of a unique form of transactional sexual relationships in the fishing communities along Lake Victoria in Kisumu County, Kenya. We conducted 12 focus group discussions and 17 key informant interviews among fishermen,... -
AIDS fatigue and university students’ talk about HIV risk
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tamara Shefer --- Women's and Gender Studies, South Africa Anna Strebel --- Women's and Gender Studies, South Africa Joachim Jacobs --- HIV/AIDS Programme, South AfricaDrawing on a qualitative study that included 20 focus group discussions with male and female students at an urban-based university in South Africa, this article reports on perceptions, attitudes and reported behaviour with respect to HIV and AIDS and safer... -
‘Trophy-hunting scripts’ among male university students in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nelson Muparamoto --- Department of Sociology, ZimbabweDrawing on a multi-method qualitative study, this article examines ‘trophy-hunting’ scripts among male university students in Zimbabwe. ‘Trophy hunting’ is a term I have adopted to refer to hegemonic masculinity rituals through which men gain social admiration for dating and... -
Perceptions of educators of Deaf and hard-of-hearing adolescents of HIV-risk factors for these youths
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sumaya Mall --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Leslie Swartz --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaLike the general population in South Africa, adolescents with deafness or who are hard-of-hearing may be vulnerable to HIV infection. They are exposed to all known risk factors for HIV infection. Educators who work in schools for Deaf (meaning culturally... -
HIV testing is associated with increased knowledge and reductions in sexual risk behaviours among men in Cape Town, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lori AJ Scott-Sheldon --- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, USA Michael P Carey --- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, USA Kate B Carey --- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, USA Demetria Cain --- Department of Psychology, USA Leickness C Simbayi --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Vuyelwa Mehlomakhulu --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Seth C Kalichman --- Department of Psychology, USAHIV testing benefits those who test positive, allowing them to receive treatment, but the benefits for those who test negative remain controversial. We evaluated the impact of testing on HIV knowledge and sexual risk among men in South Africa. Men... -
Just jokes! Icebreakers, innuendo, teasing and talking: The role of humour in HIV/AIDS peer education among university students
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Silvie Cooper --- Department of Sociology, South Africa David Dickinson --- Department of Sociology, South AfricaPeer conversation provides an important platform for people to explore and disseminate sexual health knowledge. Humour forms part of conversations held between peers including those where sexual health and sexual decisions are discussed. The central argument of this article links... -
‘Something for something’: The importance of talking about transactional sex with youth in South Africa using a resilience-based approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ingrid van der Heijden --- Gender and Health Research Unit, South Africa Sharlene Swartz --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaTransactional sex is a common feature of sexual relationships in South Africa but has severe health implications for those who engage in it. This paper presents perspectives on transactional sex based on interviews and focus group discussions with young people... -
The breeding biology of the southern barred minnow Opsaridium peringueyi (Gilchrist and Thompson 1913) in the Incomati and Luvuvhu river systems, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: PSO Fouché --- Zoology Department, South Africa JA Venter --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South AfricaData collected at two sites in the Luvuvhu and Sabie rivers show that, based on the gonadosomatic index, Opsaridium peringueyi has one major annual breeding event that occurs in early summer, following a period during which the general condition of... -
Reproductive biology of Bagrus docmak in the Victoria Nile, Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: C Aruho --- National Fisheries Resources Research Institute, Uganda RK Basiita --- National Fisheries Resources Research Institute, Uganda D Kahwa --- Department of Wildlife and Animal Resources Management, Uganda G Bwanika --- Department of Zoology, Uganda J Rutaisire --- National Fisheries Resources Research Institute, UgandaAspects of the reproductive biology of Bagrus docmak in the Victoria Nile were investigated between November 2005 and October 2006. Macroscopic and histological analysis of the gonads confirmed it as an asynchronous batch spawner which spawns throughout the year with... -
Is caudal fin colour in tigerfish Hydrocynus vittatus a sex or population trait?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: M Soekoe --- Centre for Aquatic Research, Department of Zoology, South Africa FH van der Bank --- African Centre for DNA Barcoding, Department of Zoology, South Africa NJ Smit --- Water Research Group (Ecology), Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, South AfricaTigerfish caudal fin colours vary from yellow to red, with distinct dissimilarities previously noted. To understand these colour differences, tigerfish were collected during 2008 to 2010 from four southern African populations in the Upper Zambezi River (ZAM), Okavango Delta (OKA),... -
Aspects of the reproductive biology of monkfish Lophius vomerinus off Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: L Maartens AJ BoothAspects of the reproductive biology of monkfish Lophius vomerinus are described from material collected during hake Merluccius spp. biomass surveys and from commercial monkfish and sole Austroglossus microlepis vessels between January 1996 and June 2000 off Namibia at depths between... -
Size at onset of maturity of spiny lobsters Panulirus homarus homarus at Mambrui, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: AJ Kulmiye KM Mavuti JC GroeneveldThe size at onset of sexual maturity of the scalloped spiny lobster Panulirus homarus homarus captured off Mambrui, Kenya, was estimated from ovary condition, presence of external eggs and/or spermatophore remains (berry method), and presence of well developed ovigerous setae... -
Below the Kolmogorov scale: the non-turbulent sex life of phytoplankton
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: L PeperzakBelow the Kolmogorov length scale there is no turbulence and phytoplankton gametes swim in order to encounter each other and achieve syngamy. An encounter rate model, Z = π √2 R2 u N, is derived incorporating cell size (R), swimming... -
Life-cycle stages of Dinophysis acuminata (Dinophyceae) in the Baltic Sea
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: S Hajdu U LarssonDespite many observations of different life-cycle stages of Dinophysis species, the complete life history of the genus is still unknown owing to the difficulties encountered in culturing these species. The seasonal distribution of D. acuminata was followed at two offshore... -
Density-dependent changes in reproductive parameters and condition of southern Benguela sardine Sardinops sagax
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: CD van der Lingen P Fréon TP Fairweather JJ van der WesthuizenThe sardine Sardinops sagax population in the southern Benguela has undergone substantial fluctuations in size over the past 50 years, collapsing from an apparently large population in the 1950s to low levels in the mid-1960s, remaining low for the next... -
Discourses of childhood innocence in primary school HIV/AIDS education in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Deevia BhanaThis article draws from interview data to examine the meanings that teachers in two race and class-specific contexts in greater Durban, South Africa, may give to children's right to sexual health information as a part of HIV/AIDS education. The article... -
From HIV prevention to reproductive health choices: HIV/AIDS treatment guidelines for women of reproductive age
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Marion StevensIn South Africa, the private sector has responded to the HIV epidemic by providing treatment in the form of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The private sector has paved the way for policy and treatment regimens, while the public sector... -
Disclosure of HIV status: experiences of patients enrolled in an integrated TB and HAART pilot programme in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: HirutT Gebrekristos MarkN Lurie Nkosinathi Mthethwa Quarraisha Abdool KarimThe convergence between the tuberculosis (TB) and HIV epidemics has led to studies investigating strategies for integrated HIV and TB care. We present the experiences of a cohort of 17 patients enrolled in the first integrated TB and HIV treatment... -
Gender differences in intention to remain a virgin until marriage among school pupils in rural northern Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Bernard Njau --- Community Health Department, Tanzania Sabina Mtweve --- Community Health Department, Tanzania Rachel Manongi --- Community Health Department, Tanzania Hector Jalipa --- , MozambiqueAbstinence is often promoted in HIV-prevention programmes for adolescents, but little is known about the factors that influence adolescents' intentions to abstain from sex until marriage. This study was conducted in ten districts in the Kilimanjaro, Arusha, and Manyara regions... -
Exposure to information and communication about HIV/AIDS and perceived credibility of information sources among young people in northern Tanzania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sheri Bastien --- Institute for Educational Research, Faculty of Education, Norway MelkizedekT Leshabari --- , Tanzania Knut-Inge Klepp --- Center for Prevention of Global Infections (GLOBINF), Faculty of Medicine, NorwayYoung people in sub-Saharan Africa constitute an important group for HIV prevention efforts. Determining their exposure to HIV/AIDS information and communication and their perceived credibility of information sources is imperative to the development of interventions. However, the majority of studies... -
HIV-prevention knowledge among illiterate and low-literate women in rural Amhara, Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: GebeyehuW Bogale --- , Ethiopia Henk Boer --- Department of Psychology and Communication of Health and Risk, The Netherlands ErwinR Seydel --- Department of Psychology and Communication of Health and Risk, The NetherlandsMore than 85% of Ethiopia's population lives in rural areas and literacy levels in the country are relatively low. Despite this, little is known about levels of knowledge in regard to HIV/AIDS and condom use among illiterate and low-literate rural... -
Condom brands, perceptions of condom efficacy and HIV prevention among university students in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Abraham Kiprop Mulwo --- Culture, Communication and Media Studies (CCMS), Howard College Campus, South Africa KeyanG Tomaselli --- Culture, Communication and Media Studies (CCMS), Howard College Campus, South Africa Lynn Dalrymple --- Culture, Communication and Media Studies (CCMS), Howard College Campus, South AfricaUniversity students form an important constituency in interventions against HIV and AIDS. The majority of university students are between ages 18 and 30 years, which, according to recent surveys, is the age category at the highest risk of HIV infection... -
Exploring the relationship between HIV and alcohol use in a remote Namibian mining community
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elizabeth Lightfoot --- School of Social Work, United States Maretha Maree --- Department of Human Science, Namibia Janet Ananias --- Department of Human Science, NamibiaIn southern Africa, the use of alcohol is increasingly seen as creating a context of risk for HIV transmission. This qualitative study investigates the links between alcohol use and higher-risk sexual behaviours in a remote southern Namibian mining-town community. Using... -
HIV/AIDS and sexuality: concerns of youths in rural Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jeremiah Chikovore --- , South Africa Lennarth Nystrom --- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sweden Gunilla Lindmark --- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Sweden Beth Maina Ahlberg --- Department of Women's and Children's Health, SwedenConcerns regarding HIV and AIDS were elicited from 546 school youths (51% female, age range 9–25 years) in a Zimbabwean rural district, through a self-generated question-writing process. Concerns emerged around how to avoid HIV infection at a time when they... -
Mobilising indigenous resources for anthropologically designed HIV-prevention and behaviour-change interventions in southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: EdwardC Green --- , United States Cedza Dlamini --- , South Africa NicoleC D'Errico --- Graduate School of Humanities, Private Bag, South Africa Allison Ruark --- , United States Zoe Duby --- Departments of Anthropology and Epidemiology, United StatesHIV prevention is often implemented as if African culture were either nonexistent or a series of obstacles to overcome in order to achieve an effective, gender-equitable, human rights-based set of interventions. Similarly, traditional or indigenous leaders, such as chiefs and... -
Sexual networks and social capital: multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships as a rational response to unstable social networks
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Robert Thornton --- Department of Anthropology, South AfricaMultiple and concurrent sexual partnerships (MCP) are prevalent in southern Africa and have been identified as a primary cause of high HIV prevalence in this region. Sexual liaisons with multiple partners serve to increase the size and diversity of an... -
Rural black women's agency within intimate partnerships amid the South African HIV epidemic
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Britta Thege --- Department of Sociology, South AfricaIn a particular way, the HIV pandemic exposes the prevailing gender relations and the definitions of male and female gender roles, both in intimate relationships and in the wider society. The HIV pandemic reveals the contradictions between women's legal rights... -
Sexual dimorphism in two pure cichlid species, Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) and Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron Rüppel 1852, and their intergeneric hybrids
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: A Toguyéni B Fauconneau C Mélard A Fostier J Lazard E Baras ER Kühn S van der Geyten J-F BaroillerGrowth performances and sexual growth dimorphism were compared in two pure species of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (OO) and Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron (SS), and their reciprocal intergeneric hybrids (male O. n. niloticus × female S. m. melanotheron [OS] and male... -
Invasive Australian crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus in the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba: a preliminary survey
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: LT Marufu --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe C Phiri --- University Lake Kariba Research Station, Zimbabwe T Nhiwatiwa --- University of Zimbabwe, ZimbabweThe invasion of Cherax quadricarinatus, the Australian redclaw crayfish, in the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe, is reported. A total of 79 crayfish were caught at 10 out of 12 sampling sites in the Sanyati Basin in November–December 2012... -
High school students' attitudes, practices and knowledge of contraception in Jozini, KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: TE Oni --- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, EAM Prinsloo --- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, JD Nortje --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, G Joubert --- Department of Biostatics, Faculty of Health Sciences,This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes and practices of contraception and sexual awareness amongst high school pupils in rural KwaZulu-Natal. -
Antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: K Outhoff --- Department of Pharmacology, South AfricaDepression and sexual dysfunction are both common in the general population. When they co-exist they have the potential to impact negatively on each other in a bidirectional manner. Medication used to treat depression may cause additional problems with the sexual... -
Sexually transmitted infections among patients attending the General Practice Clinic, Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: SS Olakolu --- General Practice Department, Nigeria EA Abioye-Kuteyi --- General Practice Department, Nigeria OO Oyegbade --- General Practice Department, NigeriaBackground: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are among the most common infectious diseases in the world today. There are few reliable statistics on the true prevalence of STIs in developing countries, especially in the general practice setting, hence the need to... -
Knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of adolescents in relation to STIs, pregnancy, contraceptive utilization and substance abuse in the Mhlakulo region, Eastern Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: A Bana --- Year-3 COBES Group, VG Bhat --- Department of Medical Microbiology, X Godlwana --- Year-3 COBES Group, S Libazi --- Year-3 COBES Group, Y Maholwana --- Year-3 COBES Group, N Marafungana --- Year-3 COBES Group, K Mona --- Year-3 COBES Group, AM Mbonisweni --- Year-3 COBES Group, N Mbulawa --- Year-3 COBES Group, J Mofuka --- Year-3 COBES Group, NA Mohlajoa --- Year-3 COBES Group, NN Nondula --- Year-3 COBES Group, Y Qubekile --- Year-3 COBES Group, B Ramnaran --- Year-3 COBES Group,Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV/AIDS are a major problem in South Africa. This, coupled with a high incidence of teenage pregnancy, alcohol and drug abuse, is of grave concern, especially its impact among the young (15–24 years) and... -
Attitudes, perceptions and understanding amongst teenagers regarding teenage pregnancy, sexuality and contraception in Taung
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: T Kanku --- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, South Africa R Mash --- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, South AfricaBackground: South African teenage pregnancy rates remain high by international comparison and, in the rural town of Taung, the rate of 13% is twice the national average of 6.5%. Teenage pregnancy is a risk factor for disruption of education, future... -
Oropharyngeal carcinoma: a sexually transmitted disease
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: WFP Van Heerden --- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, South Africa AW Van Zyl --- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, South AfricaHuman papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is on the increase and accounts for 18% to 63% of OPC. It occurs mostly in young males with no other identifiable risk factors. The vast majority of HPV-associated OPC is attributable to HPV16... -
Hypertension and sexual dysfunction
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: JA Ker --- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, -
Challenges faced by older women in Botswana in accessing services that address sexual and reproductive health, and family planning needs, in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: NO Ama --- Department of Statistics, E Ngome --- Department of Population Studies,Objective: This study explored the challenges that older women from selected sites in Botswana face in accessing services that address sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and family planning (FP) needs. -
The prevalence of erectile dysfunction at a primary healthcare clinic in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Y Lockhat --- King Dinuzulu Hospital, A Ross --- Department of Family Medicine, P Ramlachan --- University of Sydney, Australia C Rangiah --- Department of Family Medicine,Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men attending a primary healthcare (PHC) clinic in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, and to document any relationship between ED and age, smoking, economic status and co-morbid... -
Love, lust and the emotional context of multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships among young Swazi adults
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Allison Ruark --- Department of International Health, USA Lunga Dlamini --- Department of International Health, USA Nonhlanhla Mazibuko --- Department of International Health, USA Edward C Green --- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, USA Caitlin Kennedy --- Department of International Health, USA Amy Nunn --- Division of Infectious Diseases, USA Timothy Flanigan --- Division of Infectious Diseases, USA Pamela J Surkan --- Department of International Health, USAMen and women in Swaziland who are engaged in multiple or concurrent sexual partnerships, or who have sexual partners with concurrent partners, face a very high risk of HIV infection. Ninety-four in-depth interviews were conducted with 28 Swazi men and... -
Experiences and conceptualizations of sexual debut from the narratives of South African men and women in the context of HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Erin Stern --- University of Cape Town, Women's Health Research Unit, South Africa Diane Cooper --- University of Cape Town, Women's Health Research Unit, South AfricaGiven the pivotal role of first sex in the development of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) practices, there is a need for more contextualised and nuanced understandings of young people's early sexual debut experiences. This study used sexual history narratives... -
Sexuality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus at Embhuleni Hospital in Mpumalanga province
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: E De Vries --- Mitchell's Plain District Hospital; Metro District Health Services, Cape Town School of Public Health and Family Medicine; University of Cape Town, L Gwyther --- School of Public Health and Family Medicine; University of Cape Town Mkhabela M, M Mkhabela --- ,Objectives: This study explored issues of sexuality in people living with AIDS who were on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). -
Legal professionals’ views on pre-trial therapy in cases of child sexual abuse in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Ansie Fouché --- North-West University, South Africa Liana (MP) Le Roux --- University of Pretoria, South AfricaThe aim of this study is to report on a preliminary qualitative inquiry into the views of legal professionals in South Africa regarding pre-trial therapy for victims of child sexual abuse (CSA). Applying purposive and snowball sampling, 15 experienced state... -
Sexual orientation and HIV risk among youth in South Africa: a brief report
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThis study investigated the prevalence of homosexual orientation and HIV risk in a population-based survey among youth in South Africa. A cross-sectional population-based household survey was conducted using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling approach. The total sample included 1859 sexually... -
Perceptions of sugar mommy practices in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Olive Shisana --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Adlai Davids --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Cily Tabane --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Margaret Mbelle --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Gladys Matseke --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Mercy Banyini --- University of Venda, South Africa Queen KekanaThe study sought to explore sugar mommy practices regarding their occurrence, acceptability as well as perceived reasons why older women and younger men enter into sugar mommy relationships. An exploratory qualitative study involving 135 participants from 11 diverse focus groups... -
Tangible skill building and HIV youth prevention intervention in rural South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jill Hanass-Hancock --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaThere have been countless youth programmes throughout Africa resulting in increased knowledge of HIV, but all too often there is a discrepancy between knowledge and behaviour change. According to available literature, successful projects need to consider the context in which... -
Obstacles to HIV prevention, treatment and care in selected public universities in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Blessing Mbatha --- Department of Communication Science, South AfricaSouth Africa, like the rest of Southern Africa, is ravaged by AIDS. Higher education in South Africa has a significant role to play in the fight against the spread of HIV and AIDS. This article reports the factors contributing to... -
Reasons for the low uptake of adult male circumcision for the prevention of HIV transmission in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Charles Maibvise --- University of Swaziland, Swaziland Thandisizwe R Mavundla --- University of South Africa, South AfricaSwaziland is currently experiencing the worst impact of HIV and AIDS of any country in the world. In an effort to curb further spread of the virus, the country adopted mass male circumcision (MC) as recommended by the World Health... -
The influence of biological factors on students’ sexual behaviour at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Given Mutinta --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Kaymarlin Govender --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Gavin George --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa Jeff Gow --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaStudies in South African universities reveal that the prevalence of sexual risk behaviour is very high, putting many students at high risk of HIV infection. This study explored the biological influences on students’ sexual taking behaviour at the University of... -
Sexuality, Power and Transgression: Homophobia in Abdulrazak Gurnah's Memory of Departure
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies • Authors: Kimani Kaigai --- Literature Department, KenyaThis paper offers a reading of Zanzibari-born, UK-based writer, Abdulrazak Gurnah’ debut novel, Memory of Departure in order to explore how the novel positions sexual activities that are seen as transgressive and how contestations over these bodily activities imply issues... -
The timing of moult in males and females of the monomorphic Pale-winged Starling Onychognathus nabouroup
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Adrian JFK Craig --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, South Africa Martine Hausberger --- UMR CNRS 6552 Ethologie animale et humaine, Université de Rennes-1, France Bo Bonnevie --- Information Technology Division, Rhodes University, South Africa Laurence Henry --- UMR CNRS 6552 Ethologie animale et humaine, Université de Rennes-1, FrancePale-winged Starlings Onychognathus nabouroup inhabit the arid western interior of southern Africa and moult– breeding overlap may occur. We collected field data in two successive years on the moult of individual birds, whose sex was confirmed by genetic techniques. Small... -
Tick infestations in the Namaqualand speckled padloper, Homopus signatus signatus (Gmelin, 1789)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Victor J. T. Loehr --- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, South Africa Brian T. Henen --- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, South Africa Margaretha D. Hofmeyr --- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, South AfricaMany terrestrial chelonians are parasitized by ticks, but we have a poor understanding of what determines tick infestations on chelonian hosts. We counted ticks on Homopus signatus signatus during each spring in the years 2001–2004, and evaluated tick frequencies in... -
Ecology of Wahlberg’s velvet gecko, Homopholis wahlbergii, in southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Martin J. Whiting --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Leeann T. Reaney --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa J. Scott Keogh --- School of Botany and Zoology, The Australian National University, AustraliaWe examined 170 museum specimens of the southern African gekkonid lizard Homopholis wahlbergii, to quantify sexual dimorphism, male and female reproductive cycles and diet. The largest male and female we recorded were 116 and 119 mm snout–vent length (SVL) respectively... -
Morphological characteristics of Cape sugarbirds (Promerops cafer) from Helderberg Nature Reserve
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: K. M. C. Tjørve --- Zoology Department, South Africa G. Scholtz --- , South AfricaCape sugarbirds (Promerops cafer) are the largest nectarivores in the Western Cape and feed almost exclusively on protea nectar and associated arthropods. Helderberg Nature Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa, has a large diversity of Protea and supports breeding sugarbirds. As... -
Seasonal effects on digging activity and burrow architecture in the Cape dune mole-rat, Bathyergus suillus (Rodentia: Bathyergidae)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: H.G. Thomas --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa P.W. Bateman --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa M. Scantlebury --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa N.C. Bennett --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South AfricaMost polygynous male mammals exhibit little or no parental care or involvement raising young. Instead, they invest indirectly in their own morphological and physiological attributes which enhance their chance of reproduction. Such secondary morphological sex traits may contribute to differences... -
Solitary individuals in populations of the group-living lizard Ouroborus cataphractus: voluntary or forced?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: P. le Fras N. Mouton --- Department of Botany & Zoology, South Africa Janine L. Glover --- Department of Botany & Zoology, South Africa Alexander F. Flemming --- Department of Botany & Zoology, South AfricaWe compared crevice fidelity among solitary and group-living individuals in a population of the group-living lizard Ouroborus cataphractus. We also compared the incidence of solitary individuals between the sexes and different seasons.We surveyed suitable rocky areas at two sites in... -
Gender and HIV infection in the context of alcoholism in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nancy Muturi --- AQ Miller School of Journalism and Mass Communications, USAWomen in sub-Saharan Africa account for more than half (58%) of people living with the HIV and it is the only continent where HIV prevalence is higher for women than for men. Studies have attributed alcoholism with the high rates... -
Mental health correlates of HIV risk behaviour and STIs/HIV infection among university students from 22 low, middle and high income countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Thailand Supa Pengpid --- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, ThailandThe aim of this study was to determine mental health correlates of HIV risk behaviour and self-reported STIs/HIV infection among university students in 22 low, middle and high income countries. Data on mental health and HIV risk were collected from... -
From personal sexuality bias to the life orientation classroom: bridging the gap with cultural intelligence
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Eben Swanepoel --- Department of Psychology of Education, South Africa Christa Beyers --- Department of Psychology of Education, South AfricaThe emotive nature of teaching sexuality and culture is widely acknowledged. However, a working model to promote the teaching of sexuality with sensitivity to both learner needs and community social norms is required. This paper proposes to position cultural intelligence... -
Analysis of responses to work-home interaction as measured by the SWING
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Carin Hill --- Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, South AfricaThe primary objective of this study was to analyse the responses of the Survey Work-home Interaction-Nijmegen – (SWING) using the Rasch measurement model. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was used. Paper-and-pencil copies of the SWING were distributed to heterosexual working... -
Contraceptive usage in women requesting emergency contraception in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: SA Sonubi --- Private Practitioner, Swaziland Lushiku Nkombua --- Department of Family Medicine, South AfricaBackground: The Kingdom of Swaziland, following the introduction of the National Family Planning Programme in 1973, has witnessed insufficient scientific publications on the contraceptive practices in the country despite documented high fertility rates and low contraceptive prevalence rates. This study... -
On the road again: concurrency and condom use among Uganda truck drivers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Elizabeth C Costenbader --- FHI 360 Headquarters, Kathryn Lancaster --- FHI 360 Headquarters, Leonard Bufumbo --- FHI 360 Uganda Country Office, Uganda Angela Akol --- FHI 360 Uganda Country Office, Uganda Greg Guest --- FHI 360 Headquarters,Long-distance truck drivers have been shown to be a critical population in the spread of HIV in Africa. In 2009, surveys with 385 Ugandan long-distance truck drivers measured concurrency point prevalence with two methods; it ranged from 37.4% (calendar-method) to... -
Sexual HIV risk among substance-using female commercial sex workers in Durban, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tara Carney --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit, South Africa Petal M Petersen Williams --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit, South Africa Andreas Plüddemann --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit, South Africa Charles DH Parry --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit, South AfricaThis study examined data collected from a sample of female sex workers (FSWs) during the first two years of a brief risk-reduction intervention for vulnerable populations that focused on substance use and HIV risk-related behaviours (2007–2009) as part of a... -
Aspects of tourism in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: John Middleton --- Yale University, USATourism in Kenya dates back to the colonial era. Tourists have invented a map of Kenya that comprises mainly the Rift Valley and the Indian Ocean coast; and they divide the population into ‘noble’ pastoralists and less noble agriculturalists and... -
Reflections on the ethical dilemmas that arise for anthropologists conducting fieldwork on the provision of sexuality education in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Nolwazi Mkhwanazi --- Department of Social Anthropology,The revised ethical guidelines and principles of conduct for anthropologists in Southern Africa offer suggestions for the anthropologist's relations with and responsibility to research participants. Reflecting on the provision of sexuality education, I draw critical attention to the premises that... -
Sexual practices and sensual selves in Zanzibar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Rosabelle Boswell --- Anthropology Department, South AfricaThis paper focuses on the sexuality and contemporary sensual behaviour among Zanzibari women and their use of scent in these domains. It is argued that scent forms an integral part of different life-cycle rituals which are embedded in gendered everyday... -
“Dying is dying, that's all”: Structural violence and cultural projects in Malawian AIDS proverbs
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nicole C. Hayes --- Department of Anthropology, CanadaThis paper examines three Malawian proverbs about AIDS: “AIDS came for people”, “Dying is dying, that's all” and “It's in the flour”. Proverbs permit Malawians to discuss the otherwise taboo topic of AIDS because they offer a special register and... -
Roald Dahl: A psychosexual developmental trajectory study illustrated within psychobiography
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Paul Fouché --- Department of Psychology, Faculty of the Humanities, South Africa Tania Holz --- Department of Psychology, Faculty of the Humanities, South AfricaThis study applies analytical psychobiography, particularly Freud's psychoanalytic apporoach, to the study of the psychosexual development of Roald Dahl (1916–1990), a renowned children's author, gentleman spy, connoisseur, and philanthropist of his time. Data sources for the analysis included primary and... -
Hostile Witnesses and Queer Life in Kenyan Prison Writing
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies • Authors: Taiwo Adetunji Osinubi --- Department of English, CanadaThis article explores three Kenyan political prison narratives, J. M. Kariuki's Mau Mau Detainee (1963), Ngugi wa Thiong'o’s Detained: A Writer's Prison Diary (1981), and Maina wa Kĩnyatti's Kenya: A Prison Notebook (2009), as archives of anxious disputes over alternative... -
HHV-8 transmission from mother to child
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: Angela Revelas --- Pathological Department, GreeceTransmission of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), the aetiological agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma, is known to occur during sex among homosexual men. However, other modes of HHV-8 transmission have yet to be elucidated in endemic populations. -
Health-seeking behaviour of people with sexually transmitted infections in the community of Nkomazi East, Mpumalanga
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: Indiran Govender --- Department of Family Medicine, Mecha Eche --- Tonga District Hospital, MpumalangaThe control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is a priority for the World Health Organization. It is estimated that there are 11 million cases of STIs per year in South Africa. Health-seeking and sexual behaviours are important in the management... -
Knowledge and attitudes about and practices of condom use for reducing HIV infection among Goma University students in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: M. Masoda --- University de Protestante, Democratic Republic of Congo, I. Govender --- Family Medicine,The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is experiencing increasing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in young adults. This is despite the government's widespread campaign on HIV/AIDS awareness. In this study, high-risk university students who engage in casual... -
Knowledge of, attitudes towards, and practices of contraception in high school pupils in Tswaing subdistrict, North West province
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: O. Onyensoh --- Family Physician, Department of Health, North West province, I. Govender --- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, J. Tumbo --- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care,In South Africa, contraceptive use is low in adolescents in the sense that sexual maturation and initiation of sexual activities is taking place at a younger age. This is evident from the high levels of teenage pregnancy that constitute a... -
Geographic variation in sexual size dimorphism in the rock agama, Agama atra (Sauria: Agamidae)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: A.F. Flemming --- National Museum, South Africa P. le F.N. Mouton --- Department of Zoology, South AfricaSignificant sexual dimorphism in overall size occurs in the rock agama, Agama atra (Sauria; Agamidae), with males growing larger than females. Geographic variation in the degree of sexual size dimorphism also exists, males growing significantly larger than females in Namaqualand... -
Sexual size dimorphism in the lizard Oplurus cuvieri cuvieri (Squamata, Opluridae) from Madagascar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Herilala J.A.R Randriamahazo --- Department of Zoology, JapanSexual size dimorphism in the medium-sized lizard Oplurus cuvieri cuvieri, which is endemic to the dry deciduous forest of Madagascar, is presented. Adults are sexually dimorphic in body size, head size, and tail length. Males have a greater snout–vent length... -
Spatial aspects of the reproductive and feeding biology of the striped robber, Brycinus lateralis (Pisces: Characidae), in the Okavango Delta, Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Anthony J. Booth --- Department of Ichthyology and Fishery Science, South Africa Bruce W. McKinlay --- Department of Ichthyology and Fishery Science, South AfricaThe Okavango Delta is a vast inland wetland system situated in northern Botswana. High rainfall is received in early summer in the southern Angolan highlands and throughout the Delta with the flood waters reaching the upper riverine floodplain between March... -
Sexual dimorphism in the African legless skink subfamily Acontiinae (Reptilia: Scincidae)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: N.J.L. Heideman --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa S.R. Daniels --- Department of Botany and Zoology, South Africa P.L. Mashinini --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa M.E. Mokone --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa M.L. Thibedi --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa M.G.J. Hendricke --- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, South Africa B.A. Wilson --- Western Cape Education Department, South Africa R.M. Douglas --- National Museum, South AfricaThe extent to which sexual dimorphism in snout–vent length, tail length and head shape (length, width and height) manifests itself in the legless fossorial skink subfamily Acontiinae was investigated in representatives of all four of its genera, Acontias, Microacontias, Acontophiops... -
Ontogenetic variation and craniometric sexual dimorphism in the social giant mole-rat, Fukomys mechowii (Rodentia: Bathyergidae), from Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: C.T. Chimimba1 --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa A.M. Sichilima --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa C.G. Faulkes --- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, U.K. N.C. Bennett --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South AfricaThe degree of maxillary molar tooth-row eruption and wear were used to assign samples of the social giant mole-rat, Fukomys mechowii, from Zambia, into nine relative age classes in order to assess ontogenetic (age) variation and craniometric sexual dimorphism, with... -
Psychosocial and health risk outcomes among orphans and non-orphans in mixed households in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Candice Reardon, Gavin George --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division, (HEARD), South Africa Collins Mucheuki --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division, (HEARD), South Africa Kaymarlin Govender --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division, (HEARD), South Africa Tim Quinlan --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division, (HEARD), South AfricaA growing body of research warns of the social challenges facing orphans. We examined this issue focusing on differences between orphans and non-orphans from mixed households, that is, households that comprise both orphans and non-orphans. We examined whether orphans reported... -
Risk factors of HIV infection among farm workers at Rattray Arnold Research Farm in Goromonzi district, Zimbabwe: a qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mavis Soko --- Faculty of Commerce, Harare Stanzia Moyo --- Centre for Population Studies, Harare Oswell Rusinga --- Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Alfred Zvoushe --- Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, ZimbabweNotwithstanding the generally declining levels of HIV in Zimbabwe, HIV prevalence remains exceedingly high in commercial farms. Risky sexual practices underpinned by poverty, unreliable supply of condoms and lack of entertainment are the major underlying factors facilitating the spread of... -
“Broederbande” [brotherly bonds]: Afrikaner nationalist masculinity and African sexuality in the writings of Werner Eiselen's students, Stellenbosch University, 1930–1936
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Andrew Bank --- History Department, South AfricaThe importance of Willi Werner Max Eiselen (1899–1977) as the lecturer, supervisor and mentor of the first generation of volkekundiges at Stellenbosch University has been greatly underestimated. He supervised no fewer than 11 MA and doctoral theses in this field... -
Sex determination of African Penguins Spheniscus demersus using bill measurements: method comparisons and implications for use
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Kate J Campbell --- Animal Demography Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, South Africa Danielle Farah --- School of Biological Sciences, UK Sarah Collins --- School of Biological Sciences, UK Nola J Parsons --- Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds, South AfricaAfrican Penguins Spheniscus demersus are sexually dimorphic; on average, males are larger than females but measurements overlap making sex determination difficult through observations alone. We developed a discriminant function, using bill length and depth from a sample of birds sexed... -
Gender inequality dynamics in the prevention of a heterosexual HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jane Wathuta --- School of Law, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaThis paper critiques the approach to the elimination of gender inequality as an HIV prevention strategy in the just ended era of the Millennium Development Goals, with the aim of contributing to the formulation of policy guidelines for sub-Saharan Africa... -
New insights into HIV epidemic in South Africa: key findings from the National HIV Prevalence, Incidence and Behaviour Survey, 2012
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Khangelani Zuma --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Olive Shisana --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Thomas M. Rehle --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Leickness C. Simbayi --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Sean Jooste --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Nompumelelo Zungu --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Demetre Labadarios --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Dorina Onoya --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Meredith Evans --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Sizulu Moyo --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Fareed Abdullah --- South African National AIDS Council, South AfricaThis article presents key findings from the 2012 HIV prevalence, incidence and behaviour survey conducted in South Africa and explores trends in the HIV epidemic. A representative household based survey collected behavioural and biomedical data among people of all ages... -
Managing belief in a hostile world: experiencing gifts of the Spirit at a small Pentecostal Charismatic Church in Pretoria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Jim Pieterse --- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, South AfricaThis article focuses on the infrequency with which “gifts of the Spirit” are experienced during services at a small Pentecostal church in Pretoria, attended mostly by Afrikaans-speaking men who self-identify as homosexual. It aims to shed some light on the... -
Correlates of bacterial ulcers and acute HSV-2 infection among men with genital ulcer disease in South Africa: age, recent sexual behaviours, and HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Jami S. Leichliter --- Division of STD Prevention, USA David A. Lewis --- Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa Gabriela Paz-Bailey --- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, USAData from baseline surveys and STI/HIV laboratory tests (n=615 men) were used to examine correlates of bacterial ulcers (Treponema pallidum, Haemophilus ducreyi, or Chlamydia trachomatis L1-L3 detected in ulcers) and acute HSV-2 ulcers (HSV-2 positive ulcer specimen, HSV-2 sero-negative, and... -
Childhood physical and sexual abuse, and adult health risk behaviours among university students from 24 countries in Africa, the Americas and Asia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Thailand Supa Pengpid --- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, ThailandThe goal of this study was to retrospectively estimate the prevalence of childhood physical abuse (CPA) and childhood sexual abuse (CSA) in relation to experience of adult violence, poor mental health, addictive behaviour and sexual risk behaviour among university students... -
Predictors of multiple concurrent and multiple sexual partnerships among male and female youth aged 18–24 in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Motlatso Gladys Mlambo --- Centre for Rural Health, Family Medicine Department, South Africa Karl Peltzer --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Witness Chirinda --- Medical Research Council, South AfricaThis study aimed to determine predictors of multiple concurrent and multiple sexual partnerships among South African male and female youth. Data were from a cross-sectional population-based household survey of 3 123 youths aged 18 to 24 years from four South... -
Non-fatal injuries of interpersonal violence at the Leratong Provincial Hospital, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Saimen Amashnee --- Department of Forensic Medicine, South Africa Gordon Guinevere --- Forensic Medicine, South Africa Govender Indiran --- Family Medicine, South AfricaBackground: Interpersonal violence is a global health issue. More than 1.6 million people die annually as a result of violence. Injured survivors suffer from a range of physical, sexual, reproductive and mental health problems. The aim of this study is... -
Psychometric properties of beliefs about relationship violence against women and gender stereotypes scale
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Sunday B. Fakunmoju --- Department of Social Work, USA Funmi O. Bammeke --- Department of Sociology, Nigeria Felicia A. D. Oyekanmi --- Department of Sociology, Nigeria Segun Temilola --- Department of Sociology, Nigeria Bukola George --- Department of Sociology, NigeriaThis article describes psychometric properties of the Gender-Based Relationship Violence Beliefs Scale (BEREVIWOS) and the Gender Stereotypes and Beliefs (GESTABE) scale in a Nigerian setting. Analysis was based on a convenience sample of 202 respondents. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was... -
Child sexual abuse and literacy achievement in a sample of South African primary school children
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Jace Pillay --- South African Research Chair, Education and Care in Childhood,This study investigated child sexual abuse (CSA) and literacy achievement among South African primary school children. Data on self-reported experience of CSA and actual literacy achievement were collected from a convenience sample of 160 learners from a Soweto school in... -
Sexual size dimorphism and morphometric sexing in a North African population of Laughing Doves Spilopelia senegalensis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Tasnim Ayadi --- Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences, Tunisia Abdessalem Hammouda --- Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences, Tunisia Samia Kididi --- Laboratoire d’Elevage et Faune Sauvage, Tunisia Mohamed Habib Yahyaoui --- Laboratoire d’Elevage et Faune Sauvage, Tunisia Slaheddine Selmi --- Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences, TunisiaLike the majority of Columbiformes, the Laughing Dove Spilopelia senegalensis is sexually monomorphic in plumage, but seems to be slightly dimorphic in size. However, due to the lack of studies little is known about the sexual size dimorphism in this... -
Adolescents’ perceptions of health and well-being: Influences of urban contemporary music
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Cindy Swartbooi --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Shazly Savahl --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Deborah Isobell --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Gadija Khan --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Cassandra Wagenaar --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Fadzisai Makonyonga --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Thandokazi Maseti --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Laaiqah Parker --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Tshinondiwa Ramaite --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaThe study aimed to explore adolescents’ perceptions of how urban contemporary music influences health and well-being among them. Data on health and well-being effects of music consumption were gathered from a convenience sample of 16 participants (male = 50%, females... -
Multiple sexual partnerships and their correlates among Facebook users in Swaziland: an online cross-sectional study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Bhekumusa Wellington Lukhele --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan Teeranee Techasrivichien --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan Patou Masika Musumari --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan Christina El-saaidi --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan S. Pilar Suguimoto --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan Masako Ono-Kihara --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, Japan Masahiro Kihara --- Department of Global Health and Socio-Epidemiology, JapanSocial networking sites (SNSs) have been suggested to facilitate risky sexual activities. However, it is unknown and of concern how SNSs such as Facebook shape risky sexual activities in developing settings such as Swaziland, the country hardest hit by HIV... -
A qualitative study of migrant-related stressors, psychosocial outcomes and HIV risk behaviour among truck drivers in Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lynn Murphy Michalopoulos --- School of Social Work, USA Nomagugu Ncube --- International Organization for Migration, Zambia Simona J. Simona --- Department of Social Development Studies, Zambia Brian Kansankala --- International Organization for Migration, Zambia Emmanuel Sinkala --- International Organization for Migration, Zambia Jasmin Raidoo --- School of Social Work, USATruck drivers are part of mobile populations which have been noted as a key population at risk of HIV in Zambia. This study was aimed at: (1) determining potentially traumatic events (PTEs), labour migrant-related stressors, psychosocial problems and HIV risk... -
Community member perceptions of influences on teenage pregnancies
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya --- Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Cily Tabane --- University of South Africa, South Africa Adlai Davids --- Human Sciences Research Council, South AfricaThis exploratory qualitative study aimed to provide insight into the factors contributing to the high prevalence rate of teenage pregnancy in South African communities. Focus group were conducted with 193 community members (females = 44.6%; adults = 50.8%, teenagers/youth =... -
Aspects of reproduction of the brown mussel Perna perna at the Iture rocky beach near Cape Coast, Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: EA Krampah --- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Ghana K Yankson --- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Ghana J Blay --- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, GhanaAspects of the reproductive biology of the brown mussel Perna perna at the Iture rocky beach near Cape Coast, Ghana, were studied from September 2014 to August 2015. The current study was aimed at providing information useful for managing the... -
Effects of marine reserves on the reproductive biology and recruitment rates of commonly and rarely exploited limpets
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: MDV Nakin --- Biological and Environmental Sciences Department, South Africa CD McQuaid --- Coastal Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South AfricaWe tested the effects of marine reserve status on the reproductive biology and recruitment rates of two commonly exploited (Helcion concolor, Scutellastra longicosta) and two rarely exploited (Cellana capensis, Scutellastra granularis) limpet species using two reserve and two non-reserve sites... -
Presence, Agency and Popularity: Kenyan “Socialites”, Femininities and Digital Media
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies • Authors: Dina Ligaga --- Department of Media Studies, South AfricaRepresentations and self-representations in new digital cultures have complicated readings of gender and sexuality in the media in increasingly interesting ways. This article explores such representations, focusing on two well-known figures in the Kenyan tabloid media, Vera Sidika and Huddah... -
Sexual and reproductive health risk behaviours among South African university students: results from a representative campus-wide survey
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Susie Hoffman --- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, USA Michael Levasseur --- Department of Epidemiology, USA Joanne E. Mantell --- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, USA Mags Beksinska --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research Unit (MatCH Research Unit), South Africa Zonke Mabude --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research Unit (MatCH Research Unit), South Africa Claudia Ngoloyi --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research Unit (MatCH Research Unit), South Africa Elizabeth A. Kelvin --- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, School of Urban Public Health, Hunter College & The CUNY School of Public Health, USA Theresa Exner --- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, USA Cheng-Shiun Leu --- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, USA Lavanya Pillay --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research Unit (MatCH Research Unit), South Africa Jennifer A. Smit --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research Unit (MatCH Research Unit), South AfricaAmong South African university students, HIV prevalence is lower than in age-peers, but at 3.8% it is not negligible. We examined prevalence of factors potentially associated with HIV risk, focusing on partnership characteristics and consistent condom use. We hypothesised that... -
Love grows with sex: teenagers negotiating sex and gender in the context of HIV and the implications for sex education
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Deevia Bhana --- School of Education, South AfricaHow do teenagers located in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa, the epicentre of the HIV pandemic, give meaning to sexuality? This paper examines teenage black Africans investments in sex and sexuality and the gendered dynamics through which sexuality is... -
“The child can remember your voice”: parent–child communication about sexuality in the South African context
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Esmeralda Vilanculos --- Centre of Excellence in Human Development, School of Human and Community Development, Department of Psychology, South Africa Mzikazi Nduna --- Centre of Excellence in Human Development, School of Human and Community Development, Department of Psychology, South AfricaThere is a wealth of research on parent–child communication about sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) and its influence on young people’s sexual behaviours. However, most of it is from the global North. The aim of this study was... -
When do yearling male Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis reach sexual maturation?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Mohamed Aourir --- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Morocco Mohammed Znari --- Laboratory ‘Biodiversité et Dynamique des Ecosystèmes’, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Morocco Mohamed Radi --- Laboratory ‘Biodiversité et Dynamique des Ecosystèmes’, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, MoroccoIn the present study, a histological and morphometric investigation of testes in yearling male Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis was performed during the reproductive period. The trial was conducted on four randomly selected yearling male birds that originated from eggs collected... -
Reparative sexual orientation therapy effects on gay sexual identities
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Jaco Van Zyl --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Kathryn Nel --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Saraswathie Govender --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaThe study explored gay males’ identities and experiences with sexual reparative therapy. The sample consisted of five white Christian males (age range 24 – 41 years), who responded to a semi-structured interview on their self-identity with reparative therapy. Interpretative Phenomenological... -
On reading about Lola Fine’s night on the town
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Graeme Reid --- Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights Programme, USAThis is a commentary on Lindy-Lee Prince’s photographic essay about gender and drag featuring Cape Town performance artist Lola Fine. -
High occurrence of extra-pair partnerships and homosexuality in a captive Cape Vulture Gyps coprotheres colony
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Margaret T Hirschauer --- VulPro NPC, South Africa Kerri Wolter --- VulPro NPC, South AfricaThe Cape Vulture Gyps coprotheres is an Endangered colonial cliff-nesting species that is typically cited as monogamous. Observations of wild Cape Vulture colonies note extra-pair breeding activities but homosexual activity has never been confirmed. Observations of breeding behaviours within a... -
Sexual dimorphism and plumage characteristics of juvenile Cape Vultures Gyps coprotheres
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Nobuhle T Mabhikwa --- Department of Forest Resources and Wildlife Management, Zimbabwe Margaret T Hirschauer --- VulPro NPO, South Africa Kerri Wolter --- VulPro NPO, South AfricaThe plumage of young Cape Vultures Gyps coprotheres is streaked to varying degrees on the breast, ruff and upper wing coverts. Observations of breast plumage (individual feather streak coverage and overall streaking intensity) were made on Cape Vultures aged one... -
Ecological correlates of multiple sexual partnerships among adolescents and young adults in urban Cape Town: a cumulative risk factor approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Evans Muchiri --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, South Africa Clifford Odimegwu --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, South Africa Pamela Banda --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, South Africa Lorreta Ntoimo --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, South Africa Sunday Adedini --- Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, South AfricaStudies in South Africa have reported unsafe levels of risky sexual behvaiours among adolescents and young adults, with the country reporting the highest burden of HIV/AIDS globally, as well as a high rate of teenage pregnancy. While determinants of risky... -
The relationship between Nairobi adolescents’ media use and their sexual beliefs and attitudes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ann Neville Miller --- Nicholson School of Communication, USA William Kinnally --- Nicholson School of Communication, USA Hellen Maleche --- Communication Department, Kenya Nancy Achieng’ Booker --- Graduate School of Media and Communications, KenyaAdolescents in sub-Saharan Africa are at risk for contracting HIV. Although media campaigns have educated the population as a whole, few studies are available about the time sub-Saharan African youth spend listening to and viewing sexual messages via the entertainment... -
“Dying to be women”: explorations and implications of narrative parameters of female youth sexuality in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ngonidzashe Muwonwa --- Theatre Arts, ZimbabweThis article considers how socio-cultural ideologies and practices can act as social technologies that help produce specific sexual practices and identities in young women. It identifies young women's libidinal economics as one contributing factor responsible for prescriptive gender roles in... -
Behavioural interventions promoting condom use among female sex workers in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Uchenna O Okafor --- Department of Health Promotion, the Netherlands Rik Crutzen --- Department of Health Promotion, the Netherlands Yauri Aduak --- Research Unit, Society for Family Health, Nigeria Sylvia Adebajo --- HIV/AIDS Unit, Population Council, Nigeria Hubertus W Van den Borne --- Department of Health Promotion, the NetherlandsThe objective of this review was to provide an overview of behavioural interventions promoting condom use amongst female sex workers (FSW) in sub-Saharan Africa. A search of four electronic bibliographic databases from 1990 to September 2016 was carried out. The... -
The emergency management of a rape case in a nutshell: adolescent and adult cases
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: JM Kotzé --- Department of Forensic Medicine, South Africa H Brits --- Department of Family Medicine, South AfricaThe management of a rape case in the emergency department is shrouded in an unacceptable level of lack of confidence. Since South Africa has a high incidence of rape, the contribution of health practitioners in addressing the crime successfully is... -
Pre-trial therapy for child witnesses in cases of sexual abuse: A scoping literature review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Ansie Fouché --- Social Work Subject Group, Optentia Research Focus Area, South Africa Daniël F. Fouché --- Department of Legal Sciences, South AfricaGlobally, child complainants of sexual abuse are expected to testify in criminal proceedings and in some countries therapy is delayed until after the child testifies as not to contaminate the child’s version of events. We carried out a scoping review... -
Exploring the personal and social context of female youth sex offenders
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Johan Prinsloo --- Department of Criminology & Security Science, South Africa Gloria da Costa --- Department of Criminology & Security Science, South AfricaThis study explored the personal and social context of young female sex offenders, probing their risk profiles for prospective treatment interventions. A convenience sample of eight young South African female sexual offenders participated in the study (black = 88%, Indian... -
‘Celibacy is certainly not for me!’: Transgressive Sexualities in Male Children in Moses Isegawa's Abyssinian Chronicles
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies • Authors: Asante Lucy Mtenje --- English Department, South AfricaMoses Isegawa's representation of young male sexuality in Abyssinian Chronicles draws our attention to sexuality as a mobile process of relation, a provisional, contextually-informed construct which challenges more naturalised assumptions of sexuality as a monolithic biological given. Even though there... -
Mental health, self-esteem, and influences on sexual values and attitudes among black South African adolescent males
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Jabulani G Kheswa --- Optentia Research Area, South Africa Chrizanne van Eeden --- Optentia Research Area, South Africa Sebastiaan Rothmann --- Optentia Research Area, South Africa Elizabeth Bothma --- Optentia Research Area, South AfricaThis study investigated the relationships between sexual values and attitudes, self-esteem, and mental health among black South African adolescents. Adolescent males (n = 522) aged between 13 and 21 years participated in the study. They completed the Mathteck Sexuality Questionnaire... -
Medico-legal documentation of rape or sexual assault: are community-service doctors equipped for the task?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: L Fouché --- Division of Health Sciences Education, Office of the Dean, South Africa J Bezuidenhout --- Division of Health Sciences Education, Office of the Dean, South Africa C Liebenberg --- Department of Forensic Medicine, South Africa AO Adefuye --- Division of Health Sciences Education, Office of the Dean, South AfricaBackground: Following upon two-year internship, community-service doctors make mistakes when they deal with evidence of medico-legal examinations in various settings. These mistakes result in alleged perpetrators being released by courts. This study investigated undergraduate clinical forensic medicine training, based on... -
Do we miss half of the injuries sustained during rape because we cannot see them? An overview of the use of toluidine blue tissue stain in the medical assessment of rape cases
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: JM Kotzé --- Department of Forensic Medicine and Department of Family Medicine, South Africa H Brits --- Department of Family Medicine, South AfricaThe prosecution of rape cases is difficult due to the absence of eyewitnesses. McCauley found that the detection of vaginal lacerations increased from one in 24 to 14 in 24 in reported adult rape cases when toluidine blue was used... -
Exploring dual disclosures for men who have sex with men in Mpumalanga, South Africa: a report from the field
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Joseph Daniels --- Lehman College, USA Tim Lane --- University of California San Francisco, USA Kabelo Maleke --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa Wini Mogos --- University of California Irvine, USA Ryan Assaf --- University of California Irvine, USA Helen Struthers --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa James McIntyre --- Anova Health Institute, South Africa Tom Coates --- University of California Los Angeles, USAWe explored to whom rural men who have sex with men (MSM) disclose their sexual identity and HIV status in Mpumalanga, South Africa. Participants were recruited using a modified snowball sampling method in order to complete a questionnaire. Descriptive and... -
Childhood sexual abuse trauma-causing dynamics experienced by women survivors: A scoping literature review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Marinda Henning --- School of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Optentia Research Focus Area, South Africa Hayley J. Walker-Williams --- School of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Optentia Research Focus Area, South Africa Ansie Fouché --- School of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Optentia Research Focus Area, South AfricaThis scoping literature review reports on the major themes to emerge from 23 retrospective studies on the trauma-causing dynamics experienced by women survivors of a historical childhood sexual abuse (CSA) trauma. We identified the studies from searching the following data... -
Sexing Cape Vulture Gyps coprotheres based on head morphometrics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Margaret T Hirschauer --- VulPro NPC, Skeerpoort, South Africa Tapiwa Zimunya --- VulPro NPC, Skeerpoort, South Africa Kerri Wolter --- VulPro NPC, Skeerpoort, South Africa Ara Monadjem --- All Out Africa Research Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SwazilandThe Cape Vulture Gyps coprotheres is considered sexually monomorphic in the literature, but visual differences in head shape between the sexes have been observed. Furthermore, head morphometrics of other Gyps species show statistically significant variation between the sexes. We show... -
Human trafficking in the hotel industry in the Netherlands: the fine line between service, responsibility and liability
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Research in Hospitality Management • Authors: Erwin van der Graaf --- Accor Hotels, The NetherlandsHuman trafficking is the fastest growing form of organised crime and the biggest source of income for criminals in Europe. Within the prostitution sector, there is a shift towards less visible forms such as hotel prostitution. About half of all... -
Sexual risk behaviour among HIV-infected women in the first twelve months after delivery in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, South Africa Geoffrey Setswe --- HIV/AIDS Management, South Africa Gladys Matseke --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, South Africa Shandir Ramlagan --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, South Africa Stephen M. Weiss --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, USA Violeta J. Rodriguez --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, USA Sibusiso Sifunda --- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST) Research Programme, South Africa Ryan Cook --- Department of Epidemiology, USA Tae Kyoung Lee --- Department of Public Health Sciences, USA Deborah Jones --- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, USAThis study aimed to assess sexual risk behaviour and its social correlates in HIV-infected women living in rural South Africa at six and twelve months post-partum. Participants were 699 HIV-positive women recruited prenatally by systematic sampling from twelve community health... -
Environmental responses of jellyfish polyps as drivers of medusa populations off the coast of Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: L Ziegler --- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, South Africa MJ Gibbons --- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, South AfricaJellyfish populations in the southeastern Atlantic off the coast of Namibia have increased subsequent to the decline of small pelagic fisheries at the end of the 1960s, although the environment there has also become warmer and the waters off Walvis... -
Teacher-instigated in-school interpersonal violence: Types and prevalence in South African public schools
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Nontle Nako --- College of Education, Edgewood Campus, South Africa Nithi Muthukrishna --- College of Education, Edgewood Campus, South AfricaThe study examined types and prevalence of interpersonal violence in South African schools. Data on in-school interpersonal violence by the South African Council of Teachers (SACE) were analysed. The sample consisted of 1 184 teachers (rural = 32.6%, urban =... -
Socio-demographic, marital and psychosocial predictors of safe sex behaviour among Mozambican women at risk for HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ana Luísa Patrão --- Institute of Collective Health, Brazil Teresa McIntyre --- School of Social Work, USAHeterosexual encounters remain the primary route for HIV transmission in Africa. Safer sex behaviour is not adopted by many women due to several social and psychological factors. This paper aims to identify socio-demographic, marital and psychosocial predictors associated with current... -
Unpacking the practice of ukujola in contemporary South Africa: understanding informal/casual sexual relations of young African adults in the context of HIV and AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Themba Mgwaba --- School of Built Environment and Development Studies, South Africa Pranitha Maharaj --- DST/NRF SARChI Chair in Economic Development, School of Built Environment and Development Studies, South AfricaHIV and AIDS continue to pose a global health and development challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. South Africa has the largest number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the world. In spite of the accelerated efforts to combat the... -
Teacher reported types of sexual abuse of learners with intellectual disability in a South African school setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Andile Alfred Mdikana --- Department of Inclusive Education, School of Educational Studies, South Africa Nareadi Tlakale Phasha --- Department of Inclusive Education, School of Educational Studies, South Africa Sibusiso Ntshangase --- Department of Inclusive Education, School of Educational Studies, South AfricaThis study investigated prevalent types of sexual abuse of learners with intellectual disability, as reported by teachers. Participants were 28 teachers from special educational needs schools in Gauteng Province, South Africa (females = 80%, age range = 30 to 55... -
HIV prevalence and related behaviours of older people in Botswana — secondary analysis of the Botswana AIDS Impact Survey (BAIS) IV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kabo Matlho --- School of Public Health, Australia Madeleine Randell --- School of Public Health, Australia Refelwetswe Lebelonyane --- Ministry of Health, Botswana Joseph Kefas --- National AIDS Coordinating Agency, Botswana Tim Driscoll --- School of Public Health, Australia Joel Negin --- School of Public Health, AustraliaThe focus of HIV interventions in Botswana, a country with the second highest prevalence of HIV in the world, remains targeted at those aged 15–49 years despite a growing cohort of older people living with the disease — driven largely... -
Prevalence and predictors of Implanon uptake in Ugu (Ugu North Sub District) 2016/17
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Anudha Moodley --- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, South Africa Ozayr Mahomed --- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, South AfricaBackground: The contraceptive implant (Implanon) has been recognised as one of the most effective family planning methods and is a healthier choice for women in Africa due to its efficacy and convenience. Despite the evidence of effectiveness and safety of... -
Effect of multiple intervention models on uptake of HIV testing services and sexual behaviour among residents of military cantonments in south-east Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Benedict N Azuogu --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Lawrence U Ogbonnaya --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Chukwuma D Umeokonkwo --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Chihurumnanya Alo --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Ngozi A Ifebunandu --- Department of Internal Medicine, Nigeria Christopher N Obionu --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Adaoha P Agu --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Victoria C Azuogu --- Department of Health Education, Nigeria Felix O-O Oyari --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Ijeoma N Okedo-Alex --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Ifenyinwa M Okafor --- Department of Community Medicine, Nigeria Ugochukwu C Madubueze --- Department of Community Medicine, NigeriaBackground: HIV testing and counselling (HTC) has been a viable tool in controlling the spread of HIV/AIDS, and serves as the entry point in the HIV care and treatment cascade. In Africa, HIV-related morbidity and mortality are high with thousands... -
Sexual behaviour among adolescents living with the human immunodeficiency virus in Zimbabwe: educational implications
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Peter T Sandy --- Health Studies, South Africa Tichaona Vhembo --- Health Studies, South Africa Tebogo K Molotsi --- Health Studies, South AfricaThe incidence of HIV infection is increasing among adolescents in Zimbabwe. This rise in incidence is partly due to risky sexual behaviours yet there are no published research studies on sexual behaviours of HIV-positive adolescents in Zimbabwe. Hence, this study,... -
Constructions of sexuality and HIV risk among young people in Venda, South Africa: implications for HIV prevention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Veronica Sivhabu --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Maretha Visser --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaThe study explored constructions of sexuality among young people of Venda in Limpopo, South Africa, and cultural practices that can be used to develop context-specific HIV prevention programmes. HIV prevention can be promoted by including some cultural practices in prevention... -
Assessing multiple mating and reproductive skew in three species of clinid fishes (Blenniiformes: Clinidae: Clinini), in reference to multiple mating in viviparous teleosts
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: MJ Scheepers --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa G Gouws --- National Research Foundation–South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (NRF–SAIAB), South AfricaThis study investigated multiple mating in three species of intertidal klipfishes (family Clinidae): super klipfish Clinus superciliosus, bluntnose klipfish Clinus cottoides, and nosestripe klipfish Muraenoclinus dorsalis. These species display the rare reproductive mode of female vivipary with superfetation, a phenomenon... -
Cranial variation in common dolphins Delphinus spp. off South Africa, with the inclusion of information from the holotype of Delphinus capensis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: SG Ngqulana --- Department of Zoology, South Africa S Plön --- Earth Stewardship Science Research Institute – Africa Earth Observatory Network, South Africa A Galatius --- Department of Bioscience, Denmark P Pistorius --- Department of Zoology, South Africa GJG Hofmeyr --- Department of Zoology, South AfricaThe common dolphins (genus Delphinus) are widely distributed in all temperate and tropical oceans. Over this wide geographical distribution they show considerable range in morphological variation, which has led to descriptions of several species in the genus. Until recently, only... -
Behavioural analysis of Village Weavers Ploceus cucullatus in an Ethiopian breeding colony during early incubation: 2. Males
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Khaleda Khan --- Department of Biology, Queens College, USA Bobby Habig --- Department of Biology, Queens College, USA David C Lahti --- Department of Biology, Queens College, USAWe observed a colony of Village Weavers Ploceus cucullatus in Ethiopia at the height of the breeding season to assess variation and relationships amongst male behaviours. Individuals spent most of their time on behaviours functioning in acquiring and retaining mates,... -
An evaluation of male learners’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding sexual and reproductive health in rural northern KwaZulu-Natal province
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Mampho Mochaoa Rogers --- Bethesda Hospital, Department of Health, South Africa Gloria Mfeka-Nkabinde --- Discipline of Family Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, South Africa Andrew Ross --- Discipline of Family Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, South AfricaBackground: With a disparate HIV prevalence among young men and women, high rates of teenage pregnancies and a lack of responsible fatherhood, issues of reproductive health among young people need to be urgently addressed. The aim of this research was... -
Ecology, conservation, and phylogenetic position of the Madagascar Jacana Actophilornis albinucha
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Josephine D’Urban Jackson --- Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, United Kingdom Sama Zefania --- Institut d’Enseignement Supérieur de Menabe, Madagascar Sebastien Moehy --- Institut d’Enseignement Supérieur de Menabe, Madagascar Andrew J Bamford --- Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust, United Kingdom Michael W Bruford --- Organisms and Environment Division, School of Biosciences, United Kingdom Tamás Székely --- Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, United KingdomThe Madagascar Jacana Actophilornis albinucha (Jacanidae) is an endemic shorebird found in the threatened wetlands of western Madagascar. This species is presumed to exhibit classical polyandry; however, few data are available to support that assumption. More generally, a lack of... -
Breeding ecology of the Cream-coloured Courser in Cape Verde
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Romy Rice --- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, Hungary José O Valdebenito --- Milner Centre for Evolution, United Kingdom Meinolf Ottensmann --- Department of Animal Behaviour, Germany Noémie Engel --- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, Hungary Andreia Adrião --- Maio Biodiversity Foundation, Republic of Cape Verde Tamás Székely --- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, HungaryThe Cream-coloured Courser Cursorius cursor exsul is a data-deficient shorebird distributed across Eurasia and Africa. The subspecies exsul is endemic to the Cape Verde archipelago. In contrast with their mainland breeding sites, where coursers appear to be nomadic and rare... -
Levels and determinants of HIV testing uptake among Ghanaian men
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Samuel H Nyarko --- Department of Demography, College of Public Policy, USA Corey Sparks --- Department of Demography, College of Public Policy, USAThe uptake of HIV testing has always been found to be lower among men compared with women in many developing countries. The aim of this study was to ascertain the level and determinants of HIV testing uptake among men aged... -
Sexual knowledge and beliefs of IsiXhosa-speaking adolescents: An exploratory study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Peter Khwezi Nyewe --- , South AfricaThis study explored indigenous community adolescents’ perceptions of parent caregiver sexual support. The participants were 174 IsiXhosa speaking adolescents (female = 58.1%; age range = 16 to 18 years). They completed the Parents Sex Education, General View on Sexuality, Sexual... -
Describing sexual dimorphism and fine scale spatial distributions in the Drab Thick-tail Scorpion, Parabuthus planicauda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Jacobus H Visser --- , South Africa Sjirk Geerts --- , South AfricaSouthern Africa contains a diverse and endemic scorpion fauna, but with biological aspects remaining largely unexplored for this group. In order to gain biological insights into an understudied scorpion species, the current study investigates fine-scale spatial distributions and sexual dimorphism... -
Low awareness and use of post-exposure prophylaxis among adolescents and young adults in South Africa: implications for the prevention of new HIV infections
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anthony Idowu Ajayi --- , Kenya Mohammed Sanusi Yusuf --- , South Africa Elmon Mudefi --- , South Africa Oladele Vincent Adeniyi --- , South Africa Ntombana Rala --- , South Africa Daniel Ter Goon --- , South AfricaThe vulnerability of adolescents and young adults in South Africa to HIV and sexual violence is well documented. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is available for victims of sexual abuse in the country but awareness of this measure is required to maximise... -
Assessment of an HIV-prevention intervention for couples in peri-urban Uganda: pervasive challenges to relationship quality also challenge intervention effectiveness
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Phoebe Kajubi --- , Uganda Allison Ruark --- , USA Norman Hearst --- , USA Sam Ruteikara --- , Uganda Edward C Green --- , USAReducing multiple and concurrent partnerships has been identified as a priority in generalised HIV epidemics, yet developing successful interventions to bring about such behaviour change has proven challenging. We offered a three-session intervention aimed to improve couple relationship quality and... -
Seasonal habitat utilisation and morphological characteristics of Chamaeleo dilepis on Telperion Nature Reserve, Mpumalanga, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Trevor L O’Donoghue --- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystem Research Unit, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa Kerry Slater --- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystem Research Unit, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa Leslie R Brown --- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystem Research Unit, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, South AfricaLimited information on the habitat utilisation and seasonal activity of flap-necked chameleons (Chamaeleo dilepis) is available. We investigated habitat utilisation, seasonal distribution, and sexual dimorphism of C. dilepis on Telperion Nature Reserve (a privately protected natural area) in South Africa... -
Size at maturity, maturity stages and sex ratio of tigerfish Hydrocynus vittatus Castelnau, 1861 in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe: assessing the influence of decades of fisheries exploitation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Terence Magqina --- , Zimbabwe Tatenda Dalu --- , South Africa Lindah Mhlanga --- , Zimbabwe Tamuka Nhiwatiwa --- , ZimbabweSize at maturity, sex ratio and maturity stages are key population parameters in fisheries management of exploited stocks because they influence survival of fish populations. The decline in Hydrocynus vittatus catches during the tigerfish competition and along the shoreline of... -
Exploring male condom use among women in South Africa: a review of the literature
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rivesh Maharajh --- , South Africa Firoza Haffejee --- , South AfricaThe male condom is the most cost-effective method for prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), yet in high-burden countries, promotion of its use remains difficult to achieve, especially among high-risk individuals. This review reports on women’s perspectives... -
Mobile applications for sexual encounters accessed by men who have sex with men: Information on sexually transmitted infection
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Janice França Queiroz --- , Brazil Kleyton Santos de Medeiros --- , Brazil Ayane Cristine Alves Sarmento --- , Brazil Ana Luisa Fernandes Vital --- , Brazil Beatriz Stransky --- , Brazil Ana Katherine Gonçalves --- , BrazilWe evaluated existing mobile applications (apps) on both Android and iOS (Apple) platforms that are used by men who have sex with men (MSM) to obtain sexual encounters. The word “gay” was used to search for apps in the Apple... -
Violence and HIV among female street sex workers in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Molefi Motsoeneng --- , South AfricaThis study explored South African female sex workers’ (FSWs) experiences of violence by their clients. Informants were eight FSWs aged from 25 to 30 years who obtained clients mainly from the streets and transportation depots of a major metropolitan city... -
Population and breeding patterns of the pest rodent: Mastomys natalensis in a maize dominated agroecosystem in Lake Victoria crescent zone, Eastern Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Alex Mayamba --- , Uganda Robert Modest Byamungu --- , Tanzania Herwig Leirs --- , Belgium Isabirye Moses --- , Uganda Rhodes H Makundi --- , Tanzania Didas N Kimaro --- , Tanzania Apia W Massawe --- , Tanzania David Kifumba --- , Uganda Alice Nakiyemba --- , Uganda Mshaka E Mdangi --- , Tanzania Brian E Isabirye --- , Kenya Loth S Mulungu --- , TanzaniaMultimammate mice (Mastomys natalensis) are a key rodent pest species to cereal crop production in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed at generating information on the population fluctuation and breeding patterns of M. natalensis in a maize dominated agro-ecosystem in the... -
Sexual harassment as perceived and experienced by male and female restaurant employees
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Research in Hospitality Management • Authors: Andreea-Stefania Baltag --- , the Netherlands Melanie Bosman --- , the Netherlands Andrea Bravo Wilson --- , the Netherlands Joanne Huismans --- , the Netherlands Wichard Zwaal --- , the NetherlandsThe purpose of this study was to gain knowledge about sexual harassment as perceived and experienced by male and female restaurant employees. The research was carried out by using an online survey and five interviews. The 137 participants of the... -
Barriers to condom use in casual sexual relationships known as ukujola in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mbongeleni Thembalihle Mgwaba --- , South Africa Pranitha Maharaj --- , South AfricaSouth Africa has the largest number of people living with HIV in the world. Of the nine provinces in South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal is the worst affected. HIV is largely transmitted through unprotected penetrative sexual intercourse. Male latex condoms are central... -
Experiences of intimate relationships, stigma, social support and treatment adherence among HIV-positive adolescents in Chiredzi district, Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Christopher Jimu --- , South Africa Kaymarlin Govender --- , South Africa Roselyn Kanyemba --- , South Africa Marie-Jeanne Offosse Ngbesso --- , South AfricaThis study explored experiences of intimate relationships, stigma, social support and treatment adherence among HIV-positive adolescents in Chiredzi district, Zimbabwe. The study adopted an interpretive qualitative methodology to explore the intricacies of living with HIV as an adolescent. Thirty (N... -
Reproductive biology of the lesser African threadfin Galeoides decadactylus in Gabon, Gulf of Guinea
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: J-D Mbega --- , Gabon O Sadio --- , Senegal J-F Liwouwou --- , Gabon J-H Mvé Beh --- , Gabon I Bamba --- , Gabon A Eleng Spanian --- , Gabon M-L Yedi --- , Gabon F Cardiec --- , France F Le Loc’h --- , FranceThe lesser African threadfin Galeoides decadactylus (family Polynemidae) is one of the most captured marine fish species in Central Africa. This study examines aspects of the reproductive biology of G. decadactylus in the Libreville area of Gabon. Fish caught with... -
Out on a limb: female chameleons (Bradypodion pumilum) position themselves to minimise detection, whereas males maximise mating opportunity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Alexander D Rebelo --- South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Claremont, South Africa Res Altwegg --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Eric M Katz --- South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Claremont, South Africa Krystal A Tolley --- South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Claremont, South AfricaAlthough reproductive strategies are poorly documented in chameleons, sperm storage has been confirmed among some species for which male reproductive success may be maximised by increasing the number of females inseminated and/or preventing subsequent female copulation with rival males. Behaviour,... -
Long-term field study of the behaviour of Xenopus laevis (Pipidae) in a small dam
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Andreas Elepfandt --- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Inst. Biologie, Germany Alexander Gutsche --- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Inst. Biologie, Germany Werner J Fischer --- Universität Konstanz, Fak. Biologie, Germany Wera Leujak --- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Inst. Biologie, Germany Phillip J Bishop --- University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaA study of the behaviour of Xenopus laevis in a small dam in South Africa was continued annually from 1992 until 1999. All individuals were tagged. The annual number of frogs varied between 22 and 109 by migration. The sex... -
The potential effect of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) roll-out on sexual-risk behaviour among adolescents and young people in East and southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Andrew Sentoogo Ssemata --- , Uganda Richard Muhumuza --- , Uganda Lynda Stranix-Chibanda --- , Zimbabwe Teacler Nematadzira --- , Zimbabwe Nadia Ahmed --- , South Africa Stefanie Hornschuh --- , South Africa Janan Janine Dietrich --- , South Africa Gugulethu Tshabalala --- , South Africa Millicent Atujuna --- , South Africa Denis Ndekezi --- , Uganda Phiona Nalubega --- , Uganda Esther Awino --- , Uganda Helen A Weiss --- , United Kingdom Julie Fox --- , United Kingdom Janet Seeley --- , UgandaPre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an HIV-prevention strategy recommended for those at high-risk of infection, including adolescents and young people (AYP). We explored how PrEP roll-out could influence sexual risk behaviour among AYP in East and southern Africa. Twenty-four group discussions... -
Giving condoms to school children: educators’ views on making condoms available in South African schools
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Leah D Junck --- , South Africa Gavin George --- , South AfricaOne of the policy goals of the South African Department of Basic Education’s National Policy on HIV, STIs and TB of 2017 is to reduce the incidence of HIV and pregnancy among learners. This is expected to be achieved by... -
Variation of the relationships between lengths and weights applied to 123 fish species observed at Réunion Island (Indian Ocean)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: D Roos --- , Réunion J Taconet --- , Réunion C Gentil --- , Réunion B Brisset --- , Réunion H Evano --- , Réunion Y Aumond --- , Réunion J Huet --- , Réunion C Lepetit --- , Réunion R Boymond-Morales --- , Réunion T Rungassamy --- , Réunion R Elleboode --- , France K Mahé --- , FranceBody length–weight (L–W) relationships of 123 fish species (122 Actinopterygii and 1 Elasmobranchii) were studied from 10 218 individuals caught around Réunion Island from 2000 to 2021. All species, except for 4 with a very small number of individuals and... -
An analysis of the relationship between HIV risk self-perception with sexual behaviour and HIV status in South African older adults
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Makandwe Nyirenda --- , South Africa Nonzwakazi Mnqonywa --- , South Africa Bomkazi Tutshana --- , South Africa Jayganthie Naidoo --- , South Africa Paul Kowal --- , Australia Joel Negin --- , AustraliaObjective: To examine how older adults perceive their own risk of acquiring HIV; and how this perception correlates with their sexual behaviour and HIV status. -
Engaging HIV-prevention ambassadors to promote oral PrEP among adolescent girls and young women: results of a Zimbabwe field test
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Morgan Garcia --- , USA Definate Nhamo --- , Zimbabwe Nicole Macagna --- , USA Takudzwa Mamvuto --- , Zimbabwe Naledi Katsande --- , Zimbabwe Giuliana Morales --- , USA Michele Lanham --- , USA Joseph Murungu --- , Zimbabwe Imelda Mahaka --- , Zimbabwe Natalie Kruse-Levy --- , Zimbabwe Kristine Torjesen --- , USAThe HIV Prevention Ambassador Training Package for Adolescent Girls and Young Women was created in collaboration with adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) to improve skills, knowledge, and attitudes about oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among peer “ambassadors”. It was field... -
Associations between COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and the experience of violence among women and girls living with and at risk of HIV in Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan --- Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria Olujide Arije --- Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria Amaka Enemo --- , Nigeria Aaron Sunday --- , Nigeria Amira Muhammad --- Northern Nigerian Transgender Initiative, Nigeria Hasiya Yunusa Nyako --- , Nigeria Rilwan Mohammed Abdullah --- , Nigeria Henry Okiwu --- , Nigeria Erik Lamontagne --- , SwitzerlandAim : Women and girls living with and at high risk of HIV (WGL&RHIV) had an increased risk for gender-based violence (GBV) during COVID-19. The study aimed to assess the associations between vaccine hesitancy and GBV, HIV status and psychological... -
The evaluation of immediate behavioural outcomes of the syndromic case management approach for the treatment of patients with sexually transmitted infections at PHC centres in South Africa: Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and sexual behaviour
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Leickness Simbayi --- Behavioural and Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, Human Sciences Research Council in South Africa, Anna Strebel --- Sekao-Headways Research Training and Development, Michelle Andipatin --- Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Cheryl Potgieter --- Department of Psychology, Pretoria University, Kopano Ratele --- Psychology Department, University of the Western Cape, Nokuthula Shabalala --- Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Tamara Shefer --- Women and Gender Studies Programme, University of the Western Cape, Tanya Wilson --- , South AfricaThis study aimed to determine the immediate behavioural outcomes of the WHO syndromic case management model for STIs in the public health sector in South Africa, on the levels of knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, and behavioural practices (KABPs) concerning STIs... -
Widowhood in the era of HIV/AIDS: A case study of Slaya District, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Constance Ambasa-Shisanya --- Family Health International,Luo women are believed to acquire contagious cultural impurity after the death of their husbands that is perceived as dangerous to other people. To neutralise this impure state, a sexual cleansing rite is observed. In the indigenous setting, the ritual... -
Sexual behaviour and condom use among university students in Madagascar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Onja Holisoa Rahamefy --- Research and Training Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Michèle Rivard --- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Madeleine Ravaoarinoro --- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Montreal, Lala Ranaivoharisoa --- Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Andriamiliharison Jean Rasamindrakotroka --- Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Richard Morisset --- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal,Although the number of known HIV-infected students in Madagascar increased significantly between 1989 and 1995, very little is known about student behaviour with regard to AIDS. The study objectives were: to describe Malagasy students' sexual behaviour and condom use; to... -
Rapid assessment of drug use and sexual HIV risk patterns among vulnerable drugusing populations in Cape Town, Durban and Pretoria, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Charles Parry --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit (ADARU), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Petal Petersen --- ADARU/MRC, Tara Carney --- ADARU/MRC, Sarah Dewing [B0004] Richard Needle --- Vulnerable Populations Project of the Global AIDS Program (GAP), Centers of Disease Control,This exploratory study examines the links between drug use and high-risk sexual practices and HIV in vulnerable drug-using populations in South Africa, including commercial sex workers (CSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM), injecting drug users (IDUs) and non-injecting... -
Prevalence and social correlates of sexual intercourse among schoolgoing adolescents in Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kazhila Croffat Chinsembu --- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Namibia, Seter Siziya --- Department of Community Medicine of the School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Adamson S Muula --- Community and Public Health, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Emmanuel Rudatsikira --- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University,Adolescent sexuality is an important public health issue, as it affects risk to contract HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. The assessment of prevalence of sexual intercourse among adolescents is of public health significance, as it may guide policies and... -
HIV-related needs for safety among male-to-female transsexuals (mak nyah) in Malaysia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Yik Koon Teh --- Faculty of Human and Social Development, University Utara, MalaysiaThis research, commissioned by the Malaysian AIDS Council in 2007, is qualitative and descriptive in nature. In depth face-to-face interviews were carried out with 15 mak nyah respondents from five major towns. The interviews were guided by an interview schedule... -
Gender differences in university students' HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and sexual behaviours in Malawi: a pilot study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Pierson RT Ntata --- Chancellor College, University of Malawi, Adamson S Muula --- Flinders University Medical School, Australia Seter Siziya --- Medical Biostatistics in the School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Edrinnie E Kayambazinthu --- English Department, Chancellor College, University of Medicine,A cross-sectional study was conducted among first-year university students in Malawi to determine distributions of HIV/AIDS related knowledge, and sexual behaviours. A total of 314 (199 male and 115 female) students were eligible to participate, and of these 221 (70.4%)... -
HIV/AIDS and Indian youth - a review of the literature (1980 – 2008)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Anita Nath --- , IndiaThe main objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the situation regarding HIV/AIDS among youth in India, and explore the possible strategies that could be effective in combating the spread of this disease. India is in... -
AIDS-related knowledge and sexual behaviour among married and previously married persons in rural central Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Bruce H Noden --- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Aurelio Gomes --- Division of Infectious Diseases of the Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Aldina Ferreira --- Centre for Medical Research, Catholic University of Mozambique,HIV prevalence in central Mozambique is the highest in the country with high urban rates impacting on the rural areas. To identify potential factors influencing the spread of HIV in three sparsely populated districts in southern Sofala province, 847 married... -
Descriptive systematic review of sub-Saharan African studies on the association between alcohol use and HIV infection
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Anne Pithey --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit (ADARU), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Charles Parry --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit (ADARU), South African Medical Research Council (MRC),The purpose of this review was to identify and assess studies that have quantified the association between alcohol consumption and HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa. PubMed, CAB Abstracts and article references were searched to identify studies published in English between... -
“I don't use a condom (with my regular partner) because I know that I'm faithful, but with everyone else I do”: The cultural and socioeconomic determinants of sexual partner concurrency in young South Africans
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Chris Kenyon --- GF Jooste Hospital, Andrew Boulle --- Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Motasim Badri --- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Valerie Asselman --- Infectious Diseases Referral Unit, GF Jooste Hospital,Finding ways to reduce the high rates of sexual partner concurrency is increasingly believed to be vital to controlling HIV spread in southern Africa. We describe the frequency and correlates of sexual partner concurrency in a representative sample of 3... -
An assessment of sex work in Swaziland: barriers to and opportunities for HIV prevention among sex workers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Shalote Chipamaunga --- Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Health Science Education, University of the Witwatersrand, Adamson S Muula --- University of Malawi College of Medicine, Ronald Mataya --- Loma Linda University School of Public Health, USAThe HIV situation in virtually all southern African countries is a generalised epidemic. Despite the fact that almost all adult age and social groups have high HIV prevalence estimates, sex workers are disproportionally affected, with prevalence estimates higher than the... -
Male circumcision and its association with HIV infection and sexually transmitted diseases: evidence from 18 demographic and health surveys in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Samson Gebremedhin --- Hawassa University, EthiopiaThe study aimed to assess the association between male circumcision and HIV infection and STDs. The issue is controversial as various studies reported conflicting findings. A cross-sectional comparative study based on the secondary data of 18 Demographic Health Surveys (DHS),... -
Perception of risk of HIV and sexual risk behaviours among students in the United States, Turkey and South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Adedeji Adefuye --- HIV/AIDS Research and Policy Institute, Tititlayo C Abiona --- HIV/AIDS Research and Policy Institute, Joseph A Balogun --- College of Health Sciences, Chicago State University, USA Seyi Ladele Amosun --- Division of Physiotherapy at the School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa Jose Frantz --- Department of Physiotherapy, University of the Western Cape, South Africa Yavuz Yakut --- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation of Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, TurkeyThe aim of this study was to examine HIV sexual risk behaviours and perception of HIV risk among 1 095 students from the United States of America (US), Turkey and South Africa. Randomly selected students who were enrolled in general... -
‘Clinics aren't meant for men’: Sexual health care access and seeking behaviours among men in Gauteng province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jami S Leichliter --- Division of STD Prevention, US Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Gabriela Paz-Bailey --- Del Valle University, Allison L Friedman --- Behavioral Interventions & Research Branch in the Division of STD Prevention, US Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Melissa A Habel --- Behavioral Interventions and Research Branch, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention in the Division of STD Prevention, Alex Vezi --- Sexually Transmitted Infections Reference Centre at the National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa Martha Sello --- STI Reference Centre of the National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa Thato Farirai --- CDC GAP, South Africa David A Lewis --- Sexually Transmitted Infections Reference Centre at the National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, South AfricaMen may be key players in the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STI), and it is important that STI/HIV health services reach men. The objective of this study was to explore sexual health care access and seeking behaviours in men... -
HIV protective strategies among college students in Durban, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Pranitha Maharaj --- School of Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, John Cleland --- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine,There is growing concern about the high level of HIV infection among young people in South Africa. The aim of the study is to examine the HIV protective strategies used by college students with specific emphasis on variations by race... -
A decade of research involving men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa: Current knowledge and future directions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nicholas Muraguri Marleen Temmerman Scott Geibel [d199e38]It has been just over 10 years since the first large behavioral survey of men who have sex with men (MSM) was implemented in Senegal in 2001. Since then, behavioral and/or HIV prevalence surveys have been conducted in over 14... -
Assessing the effects of anti-homosexuality legislation in Uganda on HIV prevention, treatment, and care services
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Paul Semugoma [d194e18] Chris Beyrer Stefan BaralUganda's response to the HIV epidemic has been lauded for its robustness and achievements. However, a key component of HIV prevention programming has been missing, for men who have sex with men (MSM). The main reason cited has been criminalization... -
Experiences of sexual relationships of young black women in an atmosphere of coercion
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Frances Clüver [d373e18] Diane Elkonin Charles YoungNegotiations surrounding sexual activity are characterised by multiple power disparities that include race, social status and age, with gender being the most dominant differential in heterosexual interactions. Research has shown that women are physiologically more at risk of contracting HIV... -
Adolescent experiences of HIV and sexual health communication with parents and caregivers in Soweto, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christine N. Soon --- , , Canada Angela Kaida --- , , Canada Busi Nkala --- , , South Africa Janan Dietrich --- , , South Africa Angela Cescon --- , Canada Glenda Gray --- , , South Africa Cari L. Miller --- , , CanadaCommunication about sexual health between parents and adolescents has been shown to have a protective influence on behaviours that reduce the risk of HIV transmission. This study explored experiences of HIV and sexual health (HSH) communication between parents and/or caregivers... -
Changes in sexual behaviour and practice and HIV prevalence indicators among young people aged 15–24 years in Zambia: An in-depth analysis of the 2001–2002 and 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Surveys
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joshua Kembo --- , South AfricaHIV and AIDS still pose a major public health problem to most countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Zambia included. The objective of the paper is to determine changes in selected sexual behaviour and practice and HIV prevalence indicators between 2001–2002 and... -
Perception of risk of HIV infections and sexual behaviour of the sexually active university students in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Njabulo Nkomazana --- , , Republic of South Africa Pranitha Maharaj --- , , Republic of South AfricaThe study sought to establish university students' perceptions of risk of HIV infections. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 345 sexually active students at two universities in Zimbabwe (one state and one private). Results revealed that above a quarter of... -
Rwandan young people's perceptions on sexuality and relationships: Results from a qualitative study using the ‘mailbox technique’
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kristien Michielsen --- , , Belgium Pieter Remes --- , Burkina Faso John Rugabo --- , Rwanda Ronan Van Rossem --- , , Belgium Marleen Temmerman --- , BelgiumThis study aimed to gain more insight into young Rwandans’ perceptions on sex and relationships, which is essential for formulating effective sexual and reproductive health (SRH) promotion interventions. Using a ‘mailbox technique’, this paper studies the spontaneous thoughts of Rwandan... -
Conflicting discourses of church youths on masculinity and sexuality in the context of HIV in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Hendrew Lusey --- , , Democratic Republic of Congo Miguel San Sebastian --- , , Sweden Monica Christianson --- , , Sweden Lars Dahlgren --- , , Sweden Kerstin E. Edin --- , , SwedenMasculinity studies are fairly new and young churchgoers are an under-researched group in the current Congolese church context. In response to this knowledge gap, this paper attempts to explore discourses of young churchgoers from deprived areas of Kinshasa regarding masculinity... -
Interplay between economic empowerment and sexual behaviour and practices of migrant workers within the context of HIV and AIDS in the Lesotho textile industry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Pius Tangwe Tanga --- , , South Africa Magdaline Nji Tangwe --- , , South AfricaEconomic empowerment brings with it a wide range of consequences, both positive and negative. The objective of this paper was to examine the relationship between economic empowerment and the sexual behaviour and practices of migrant workers within the context of... -
Sexual and reproductive health perceptions and practices as revealed in the sexual history narratives of South African men living in a time of HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Erin Stern --- , , South Africa Asta Rau --- , , South Africa Diane Cooper --- , , South AfricaThe frequent positioning of men's sexual risk-taking as driving the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa has triggered interest in men's sexual and reproductive health (SRH) perceptions, attitudes, and practices. Much research, however, presents men as a homogenous group, and focuses... -
‘You need to have some guts to teach’: Teacher preparation and characteristics for the teaching of sexuality and HIV/AIDS education in South African schools
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Dennis A. Francis --- , South Africa Renée DePalma --- , SpainUsing in-depth interviews, we asked sexuality educators in South Africa about their own professional preparation and what they believed were necessary educator characteristics for teaching Sexuality Education. Our findings show that our teachers taught Sexuality Education without any appropriate qualification... -
Trends in HIV risk behaviour of incoming first-year students at a South African university: 2007–2012
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Rénette J. Blignaut --- , , South Africa Joachim Jacobs --- , South Africa Tania Vergnani --- , South AfricaThe aim of the research on which this article is based was to understand the behavioural changes of the target student population over time to ensure that future prevention programmes are more effective in changing behaviour. This study reports on... -
Sexual abstinence: What is the understanding and views of secondary school learners in a semi-rural area of North West Province, South Africa?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kebogile Mokwena --- , , South Africa Mamaponesa Morabe --- , , South AfricaAmong strategies to prevent HIV, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancies, are programs that promote sexual abstinence among adolescents. However, literature suggests that there may be differences in the understanding of abstinence across adolescents, and this study sought... -
Qualitative evaluation of selected social factors that impact sexual risk-taking behaviour among African students in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Ndumiso Daluxolo Ngidi --- , , South Africa Sibusiso Moyo --- , South Africa Thobile Zulu --- , , South Africa Jamila Khatoon Adam --- , South Africa Suresh Babu Naidu Krishna --- , South AfricaBackground: The incidence of HIV and AIDS continues to be a source of great concern within universities in South Africa. Furthermore, university students constitute an important community in the intervention against the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Students in the age group of... -
Rethinking HIV-prevention for school-going young people based on current behaviour patterns
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maretha Visser --- , , South AfricaThe aim of the research was to gain increased knowledge regarding the sexual risk behaviour of school-going young people in South Africa after two decades of HIV-education in schools, to contribute to the development of improved HIV prevention strategies. In... -
Modelling self-assessed vulnerability to HIV and its associated factors in a HIV-burdened country
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: A. F. Fagbamigbe --- , , South Africa A. M. Lawal --- , , South Africa E. S. Idemudia --- , , South AfricaBackground: Globally, individuals’ self-assessment of vulnerability to HIV infection is important to maintain safer sexual behaviour and reduce risky behaviours. However, determinants of self-perceived risk of HIV infection are not well documented and differ. We assessed the level of self-perceived... -
A workplace intervention program and the increase in HIV knowledge, perceived accessibility and use of condoms among young factory workers in Thailand
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Aphichat Chamratrithirong --- , Thailand Kathleen Ford --- , USA Sureeporn Punpuing --- , Thailand Pramote Prasartkul --- , ThailandVulnerability to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection among factory workers is a global problem. This study investigated the effectiveness of an intervention to increase AIDS knowledge, perceived accessibility to condoms and condom use among young factory workers in Thailand. The... -
Covariates of high-risk sexual behaviour of men aged 50 years and above in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Clifford O Odimegwu --- , , South Africa Nyasha Mutanda --- , , South AfricaSince the advent of HIV/AIDS, sexuality studies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have focused mainly on the sexual behaviour of the younger generation (15–49 years) and little has been done to understand the sexual behaviour of those a 50 years and... -
Psychosocial factors predicting risky sexual behaviour among long distance truck drivers in Lagos, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Abiodun Musbau Lawal --- , , Nigeria Benjamin Oladapo Olley --- , , NigeriaLong distance truck drivers (LDTDs) have been identified as one of the groups at higher risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Understanding how certain social and psychological variables that have a strong theoretical basis contribute to sexual risk behaviour... -
Longitudinal analysis of HIV risk behaviour patterns and their predictors among public primary care patients with tuberculosis in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- , , South AfricaThe goal of this study was to identify various HIV risk behaviours among tuberculosis (TB) patients in a longitudinal study design in South Africa. In 42 public primary healthcare facilities in three districts in three provinces, adult new TB and... -
Understanding the role played by parents, culture and the school curriculum in socializing young women on sexual health issues in rural South African communities
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Feziwe Mpondo --- , , Netherlands Robert A.C. Ruiter --- , , Netherlands Dilana Schaafsma --- , Netherlands Bart van den Borne --- , , Netherlands Priscilla S. Reddy --- , , South AfricaBackground: the decline in South Africa’s HIV infection rates especially among young women is encouraging. However, studies show that the 15–24-year-old cohort remains vulnerable. As they still report early sexual debut, being involved in sexual partnerships with older men as... -
Social and behavioural factors associated with risky sexual behaviours among university students in nine ASEAN countries: a multi-country cross-sectional study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Siyan Yi --- , , Singapore Vannarath Te --- , , Cambodia Supa Pengpid --- , , Thailand Karl Peltzer --- , , South AfricaWhile university students are potential human resources, this population group is particularly involved in health risk behaviours. Preventing risky sexual behaviours among them would contribute to prevention of HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and unwanted pregnancies, which have posed a... -
‘It’s not good to eat a candy in a wrapper’: male students’ perspectives on condom use and concurrent sexual partnerships in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maroyi Mulumeoderhwa --- , , South AfricaThis paper reports on fieldwork carried out in 2011 with aim to investigate young men’s perspectives about condoms use, concurrent sexual partnerships and sex in the context of HIV/AIDS. This study employed a qualitative approach to collect data from 28... -
HIV fatalism and engagement in transactional sex among Ugandan fisherfolk living with HIV
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Katelyn M. Sileo --- , , USA Laura M. Bogart --- , USA Glenn J. Wagner --- , USA William Musoke --- , Uganda Rose Naigino --- , , Uganda Barbara Mukasa --- , Uganda Rhoda K. Wanyenze --- , , UgandaHIV fatalism, or the belief that HIV acquisition and mortality is out of one's control, is thought to contribute to HIV risk in fishing populations in East Africa. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between... -
Navigating intimate sexual partnerships in an era of HIV: dimensions of couple relationship quality and satisfaction among adults in Eswatini and linkages to HIV risk
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Allison Ruark --- , , USA Edward C. Green --- , , USA Amy Nunn --- , USA Caitlin Kennedy --- , USA Alfred Adams --- , Netherlands Thandeka Dlamini-Simelane --- , Netherlands Pamela J. Surkan --- , USACouple relationship functioning impacts individual health and well-being, including HIV risk, but scant research has focused on emic understandings of relationship quality in African populations. We explored relationship quality and satisfaction in Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) using data from 148 in-depth... -
Zimbabwean secondary school Guidance and Counseling teachers teaching sexuality education in the HIV and AIDS education curriculum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Ephias Gudyanga --- , , South Africa Naydene de Lange --- , , South Africa Mathabo Khau --- , , South AfricaIn spite of the importance of sexuality education and HIV and AIDS education in preventing HIV infections, Zimbabwean secondary school Guidance and Counseling teachers are not engaging optimally with the current Guidance and Counseling, HIV and AIDS & Life Skills... -
A weighted bootstrap approach to logistic regression modelling in identifying risk behaviours associated with sexual activity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Humphrey Brydon --- , , South Africa Rénette Blignaut --- , , South Africa Joachim Jacobs --- , , South AfricaThe latest population estimates released by Statistics South Africa indicate that 25.03% of all deaths in 2017 in South Africa were AIDS-related. Along with these results, it is also reported that 7.06% of the population were living with HIV, with... -
Risky sexual behaviours among young people in sub-Saharan Africa: how can parents use the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion for change?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Elvis Tarkang --- , , Ghana Lilian Pencille --- , Cameroon Hubert Amu --- , , Ghana Joyce Komesour --- , , Ghana Prosper Lutala --- , , MalawiDespite progress made in the treatment of HIV and AIDS by making available the antiretroviral treatment in Africa, youth are still struggling with inadequate knowledge, a negative attitude towards AIDS and high-risk sexual behaviour. All of these are compounded by... -
Sexual risk behaviour and its correlates among adolescents in Mozambique: results from a national school survey in 2015
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Supa Pengpid --- Mahidol University, Thailand Karl Peltzer --- University of the Free State, South AfricaThe study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of sexual risk behaviours among adolescents in Mozambique. In the cross-sectional ‘Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS)’, 1918 students aged 11–18 years from Mozambique responded to a questionnaire in 2015. More than... -
Project Last Mile and the development of the Girl Champ brand in eSwatini: engaging the private sector to promote uptake of health services among adolescent girls and young women
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Marie A. Brault --- Yale School of Public Health, USA Sarah Christie --- Yale School of Public Health, USA Sasha Aquino --- Olson Zaltman Associates, USA Abigail Rendin --- Olson Zaltman Associates, USA Amanda Manchia --- Project Last Mile, South Africa Leslie A. Curry --- Yale School of Public Health, USA Erika L. Linnander --- Yale School of Public Health, USAIn eSwatini and across sub-Saharan Africa, adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) are at significantly higher risk of HIV infection and poorer sexual and reproductive health (SRH) than their male counterparts. AGYW demonstrate low demand for SRH services, further contributing... -
Making sense of fidelity: young Africans’ cross-national and longitudinal representations of fidelity and infidelity in their HIV-related creative narratives, 1997–2014
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Robyn Singleton --- Banyan Communications, USA Manon Billaud --- Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, USA Haley McLeod --- Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, USA Georges Tiendrebeogo --- Laafi Consulting, Burkina Faso Fatim Dia --- Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, USA Chris Obong’o --- PATH, Kenya Siphiwe Nkambule-Vilakati --- Super Buddies Club, Swaziland Benjamin Mbakwem --- Community and Youth Development Initiatives, Nigeria Gaelle Sabben --- Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, USA Kate Winskell --- Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, USAMutual fidelity and partner reduction have been identified as key behavioural strategies to prevent HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly following recognition of the role that multiple concurrent sexual partnerships play in driving generalised HIV epidemics. We analysed social representations... -
Assessing sexual practices and beliefs among university students in Khartoum, Sudan; a qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Husameddin Farouk Elshiekh --- Maastricht University, The Netherlands Hein de Vries --- Maastricht University, The Netherlands Ciska Hoving --- Maastricht University, The NetherlandsUniversity students in Sudan are more at risk of contracting HIV than the general population, due to a high rate of sexual activity and low uptake of preventive measures such as condoms. Hence, they are considered an important target for... -
‘I can't go to her when I have a problem’: sexuality communication between South African adolescent girls and young women and their mothers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Zoe Duby --- South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Wilmé Verwoerd --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Katja Isaksen --- University of Bergen, Norway Kim Jonas --- South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Kealeboga Maruping --- South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Janan Dietrich --- South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Ashleigh Lovette --- Brown University School of Public Health, USA Caroline Kuo --- Brown University School of Public Health, USA Catherine Mathews --- South African Medical Research Council, South AfricaParent–adolescent sexuality communication, the process in which parents and their adolescent children discuss sexuality and sexual and reproductive health, is a key component for adolescents’ protective behaviours. Open communication with parents, particularly mothers, enables informed sexual and reproductive health (SRH)... -
Morphometrics and sexual dimorphism of the hinge‐back tortoises Kinixys erosa and Kinixys homeana (Reptilia: Testudinidae) in southwestern Cameroon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa • Authors: DwightP. Lawson --- The University of Texas at Arlington, U.S.A.Morphometric data on a series of forest‐dwelling hingeback tortoises, 138 Kinixys erosa and 74 Kinixys homeana, from the Southwest Province of Cameroon, Africa, where they are sympatric, are presented. The two species exhibited opposite trends in sexual size dimorphism. Unique... -
Morphometrics, sexual dimorphism, and growth in the angonoka tortoise (Geochelone yniphora) of western Madagascar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa • Authors: LoraL. Smith --- University of Florida, USA Miguel Pedrono --- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, France RobertM. Dorazio --- U.S. Geological Survey, USA Jack Bishko --- University of Florida, USAThe most recent description of the morphology of the rare endemic Madagascar tortoise, Geochelone yniphora was based on fewer than 20 specimens. We collected morphological data for 200 free‐ranging tortoises from five populations over a four‐year period. Tortoises ranged in... -
Shell characteristics and sexual dimorphism in the Namaqualand speckled padloper, Homopus signatus signatus
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: VictorJ.T. Loehr --- University of the Western Cape, South Africa BrianT. Henen --- University of the Western Cape, South Africa MargarethaD. Hofmeyr --- University of the Western Cape, South AfricaThere is little quantitative information regarding the two subspecies of the world's smallest tortoise, Homopus signatus. To help characterise the northern subspecies H. s. signatus and evaluate the development of shell size and colour patterns, we measured shell characteristics of... -
Ecological notes on two sympatric Psammophis species from East Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: AmandaM. Cottone --- Villanova University, USA AaronM. Bauer --- Villanova University, USAWe investigated the ecology of two sympatric whipsnakes from East Africa (Psammophis punctulatus trivirgatus and P. biseriatus) by examining preserved museum specimens (n = 40). Both species lacked any significant sexual size dimorphism and displayed seasonal reproductive cycles. These findings... -
Factors associated with buying sex and the knowledge that condoms prevent HIV among long-distance truck drivers at Kazungula weighbridge terminal, Chobe District, Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Wada Gaolaolwe --- Lobatse Institute of Health Sciences, Botswana Mathildah Mokgatle --- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South AfricaBackground: Long-distance truck drivers (LDTDs) have a higher rate of HIV infection compared to the general population. This is due to their living and working conditions which predispose them to riskier sexual behaviours. Inadequate knowledge of HIV and AIDS, coupled... -
Factors associated with breakup distress following a romantic relationship dissolution among emerging adult students
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Alberta SJ van der Watt --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Annerine Roos --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Elmien Lesch --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Soraya Seedat --- Stellenbosch University, South AfricaRomantic relationship dissolutions (RRDs) frequently occur among emerging adult students and can lead to significant distress. Little information is available regarding the factors associated with increased breakup distress among emerging adult students in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to... -
“Sex is sex, marriage is marriage”: infidelity amongst married women in Shamva, Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Patience Chadambuka --- Midlands State University, Zimbabwe André Pelser --- University of the Free State, South Africa Victor Muzvidziwa --- Midlands State University, ZimbabweMany African societies adhere to a strong patriarchal norm as regards sexual relations, one that is unforgiving of female infidelity yet tolerates men’s extramarital affairs and even incorporates these into culture. This study reveals that, contrary to traditional assumptions defining... -
“A spade was called a spade … ”: Youth and intervention implementers’ perceptions of a resilience-based HIV-prevention intervention for youth in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Fungai Mbengo --- Edith Cowan University, Australia Esther Adama --- Edith Cowan University, Australia Amanda Towell-Barnard --- Edith Cowan University, Australia Maggie Zgambo --- Edith Cowan University, AustraliaThe youth (15–24 years old) in South Africa remain at high risk of HIV infection despite varied efforts to control the disease. An understanding of the perspectives of relevant stakeholders of HIV-prevention interventions targeting the youth is important to guide... -
The influence of type of sexual partnership on male condom use: empirical evidence from the South African construction industry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kamal Yakubu --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Paul Bowen --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Rajen Govender --- University of Cape Town, South AfricaThere are indications that gender has an effect on individual risk factors and pathways to HIV diagnoses and treatment. Furthermore, there is growing recognition that to improve HIV-related health outcomes for men, it is important to understand their experiences and... -
“We will tell when we are ready”: perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and self-disclosure of their status in Eswatini
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Baliwe P. Dlamini --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Ntombifikile G. Mtshali --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaAccess to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has promoted a significant decrease in mortality of vertically HIV-infected children. As a result, there has been an increasing growth of this population that reaches adolescence. These adolescents face problems such as self-disclosure and the... -
Understanding the uptake of HIV testing among women in Liberia: the role of female genital mutilation/cutting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Daniel Amoak --- Western University, Canada Nancy Osei-Kye --- Western University, Canada Florence W. Anfaara --- Western University, Canada Yujiro Sano --- Nipissing University, Canada Roger Antabe --- University of Toronto Scarborough, Canada Isaac Luginaah --- Western University, CanadaPast studies show that the processes of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) on women can increase their susceptibility to HIV infection. This is because genital tears or ruptures, scars and wounds from FGM/C may expose survivors to heightened risks of contracting... -
Non-adherence to antiretroviral treatment among migrating fishermen in western Kenya’s islands: a rapid qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Stephen Okumu Ombere --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Erick Otieno Nyambedha --- Maseno University, KenyaFishing communities in many Sub-Saharan African countries are a high-risk population group disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. The association of migration with HIV and AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa is well documented. Frequent mobility, high consumption of alcohol, multiple sexual... -
Factors influencing the adoption of HIV prevention measures in low socio-economic communities of inner-city Durban, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Firoza Haffejee --- Durban University of Technology, South Africa Jennifer Ducray --- Durban University of Technology, South Africa Jyotika Basdav --- Durban University of Technology, South Africa Colette Kell --- Durban University of Technology, South AfricaSouth Africa is the epicentre of the HIV pandemic. Although there have been health promotion education campaigns to reduce HIV incidence, these have not achieved the desired outcomes. When exploring the effectiveness of these campaigns, it is useful not only... -
Plumage dimorphism and moult patterns of weaverbirds – a review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: H-Dieter Oschadleus --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Staffan Andersson --- University of Gothenburg, SwedenThe colourful plumages of weaverbirds (family Ploceidae, with 118 species recognised) provide a well-known and in part iconic showcase of sexual selection, with widespread sexual dimorphism (93 species) as well as seasonal dimorphism (62 species). The tremendous diversity in both... -
Morphological variations in the African palm weevil, Rhynchophorus phoenicis (F) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Kenya and Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: James P Egonyu --- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Kenya Alfonce Leonard --- Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute (TARI) Ukiriguru Centre, Tanzania Chrysantus Mbi Tanga --- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Kenya Sevgan Subramanian --- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, KenyaWe investigated morphological differences in the African palm weevil (Rhynchophorus phoenicis) from Kenya (Busia and Kwale) and Uganda using a LEICA EZ4HD stereo microscope and an absolute digimatic caliper. Ten pronotal colour patterns were recorded, of which two (brown with... -
Relationship between glycaemic control and the severity of erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes attending the diabetic clinic at Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: KH Mathekga --- Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, South Africa DG van Zyl --- Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, South Africa S Hanekom --- Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, South Africa -
A rapid fishery assessment to collect biological information and life-history parameters for rednose labeo Labeo rosae and Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus in Loskop Dam, Olifants River, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: HA Hlungwani --- University of Limpopo, South Africa SM Marr --- University of Limpopo, South Africa OLF Weyl --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa AC Hoffman --- , South Africa H Botha --- University of Limpopo, South Africa JR Sara --- University of Limpopo, South AfricaA 2-week rapid fishery assessment using various sampling gears was conducted to collect life-history data on rednose labeo Labeo rosae and Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus in Loskop Dam on the Olifants River, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. These native species were... -
Sexual behaviour among Kenyan adolescents enrolled in an efficacy trial of a smartphone game to prevent HIV: a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Victor Mudhune --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Kate Winskell --- Emory University, USA Robert A. Bednarczyk --- Emory University, USA Ken Ondenge --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Calvin Mbeda --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Emily Kerubo --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Richard Ndivo --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Judith Arego --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Marissa Morales --- Emory University, USA Brianna Halliburton --- Emory University, USA Gaëlle Sabben --- Emory University, USASexual behaviour of adolescents is contextual, with various determinants affecting sexual activity and age of sexual debut. Insight into sexual activity among young adolescents has the potential to influence appropriate sexual and reproductive health interventions. For this analysis, adolescents were... -
Female song in tinkerbirds (family Lybiidae)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Sifiso M Lukhele --- University of Cyprus, Cyprus Matteo Sebastianelli --- University of Cyprus, Cyprus Alexander NG Kirschel --- University of Cyprus, CyprusIn species that are sexually monomorphic, it can be challenging to ascertain whether both males and females sing. This is particularly the case when there are no discernible differences in the vocalisations of each sex. It is known that females... -
Gay men coming out later in life: A hermeneutic analysis of acknowledging sexual orientation to oneself
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology • Authors: Quentin Allan --- Auckland University of Technology, New ZealandGiven the residual homonegativity in evidence throughout our diverse communities, and given the large numbers of gay people who remain “in the closet”, it is critical that we seek to understand in greater depth the complexities of the coming-out process... -
Aspects of the reproductive biology of the common Octopus vulgaris from landings in the coastal trawl and artisanal fleets in the Atlantic waters of southern Morocco
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: B Oubahaouali --- Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Morocco A Kaddouri --- Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Morocco M Aksissou --- Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, MoroccoAn investigation of aspects of the reproductive biology of the common octopus Octopus vulgaris caught in the Atlantic waters of southern Morocco was undertaken in 2020. The study focused on the demographic structure and sexual maturity of O. vulgaris by... -
Factors associated with uptake of HIV testing among clients diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections in Chegutu District, Zimbabwe, 2021
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Memory Chimsimbe --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Pride Mucheto --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Tsitsi P Juru --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Addmore Chadambuka --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Notion T Gombe --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Gerald Shambira --- University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Mufuta Tshimanga --- University of Zimbabwe, ZimbabweHIV testing services (HTS) enable early linkage to HIV prevention, treatment and care. A review of Chegutu District Health Information System 2 sexually transmitted infection (STI)/HIV data revealed HIV testing rates among those infected with STIs were 41%, 48%, 50%,... -
The moderating role of emotional intelligence on the association between adverse childhood experiences and conduct problems of adolescents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Joy I. Ugwu --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Peace N. Ibeagha --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Cecilia O. Apex-Apeh --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Charity N. Onyishi --- State University of Medical and Applied Sciences Igbo Eno, Nigeria Amuche B. Onyishi --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Ike E. Onyishi --- University of Nigeria, NigeriaWe explored the moderating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and conduct problems of adolescents. The participants were 588 in-school Nigerian adolescents (male = 59.9%; mean age = 14.64 years, SD = 1.31 years). They... -
Antagonistic aria: vocalisations of the male slender feather-tailed leaf-toed gecko (Gekkonidae: Kolekanos plumicaudus)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Francois S Becker --- National Museum of Namibia, Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture, Namibia Pedro Vaz Pinto --- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Portugal Javier Lobón-Rovira --- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, PortugalKolekanos plumicaudus is a gecko endemic to the Namib Desert in south-western Angola. It is distantly related to all other geckos in the region, except for its one congener, K. spinicaudus. There have been no scientific accounts on the social... -
Using wing bar patterns to identify sex in Crowned Eagles Stephanoaetus coronatus: A misleading field characteristic
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Shane C Sumasgutner --- Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Lauren K Common --- University of Vienna, Austria Simon Thomsett --- Soysambu Conservancy, Kenya Colleen T Downs --- Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Petra Sumasgutner --- University of Vienna, AustriaAlmost universally, raptors exhibit some degree of sexual size dimorphism, with many species also having substantial sexual dimorphism in plumage patterns. The monophyletic clade ‘booted eagles’ generally do not, except for the Crowned Eagle Stephanoaetus coronatus, which are believed to... -
A Critical Analysis of the Intersection between Masculinity and Sodomy in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s Novels
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies • Authors: Mohammad Irfan Ul Haq --- Lovely Professional University, India Rasleena Thakur --- Lovely Professional University, IndiaMasculinity Studies, also referred to as Critical Men’s Studies, is an evolving area of research that is gaining momentum within academia, particularly in contemporary African Studies. Critical Men’s Studies scrutinizes the roles and behaviours associated with being male. The locus... -
Navigating taboos: A Gricean examination of communicating men’s reproductive health challenges in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of African Languages • Authors: Melvin Ouma --- Rhodes University, South AfricaEffective communication between doctors and patients is a crucial aspect of medicine. This article uses Grice’s cooperative principles as a framework to explore doctor-patient communication in a male reproductive health clinic. This qualitative study was done in Kenya at a... -
Saving for a rainy day: piloting a savings intervention to reduce HIV risk among young female sex workers in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Linet Achieng' Ochieng' --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Jacob Onyango --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Gerald Ochieng' Owuor --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Ivy Obare --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Marylyn Ochillo --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Tobias Odwar --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Elizabeth Bukusi --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Kawango Agot --- Impact Research and Development Organization, KenyaFinancial insecurity pushes female sex workers into risky sexual transactions. We piloted an economic empowerment intervention among female sex workers in Kenya to test if they could save part of their income from which to make withdrawals to avoid risky... -
Health promotion messaging reduces HIV risk behaviours and improves repeat testing among adolescent girls and young women in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Marylyn Ochillo --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Risper Bosire --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Nicky Okeyo --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Jacob Onyango --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Kawango Agot --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Nok Chhun --- University of Washington, USA Samwel Rao --- Impact Research and Development Organization, Kenya Ann Kurth --- The New York Academy of Medicine (NYAM), USA Irene Inwani --- University of Nairobi, KenyaAdolescents and young people in sub-Saharan Africa account for about a third of persons newly diagnosed with HIV. Health communication, through mobile health (mHealth) can improve access to sexual and reproductive health information, health services and reduce risky sexual behaviours... -
Phenotypic variance in an acoustic signal: a potentially sexually selected behaviour in Cape Clapper Larks Corypha apiata
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Zofia Wardynska --- Imperial College London, United Kingdom Holly Bennett --- Imperial College London, United Kingdom Xavier JM Mahele --- Imperial College London, United Kingdom Saskia IL Pearce --- Imperial College London, United Kingdom Ksenia Potapova --- Imperial College London, United Kingdom Sue Anne Zollinger --- Manchester Metropolitan University, United Kingdom Julia Schroeder --- Imperial College London, United KingdomCourtship displays provide important insight into sexual selection, evolution and the roles of communication signals in behavioural ecology. Any trait indicating individual quality must display phenotypic variation. Studying this variation can provide insight into the uses of acoustic cues in... -
Verbalising the body: sexual tropes in Hausa girls’ game songs
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of African Languages • Authors: Maryam Yusuf Magaji --- Federal University Wukari, NigeriaScholars have conducted research on the games that young girls play, on the sensual elements in their performances, and on the connection between girls’ game songs and songs sung and sold by male hip hop artists but the songs sung...
