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Fertilising Commercial Forest Species in Southern Africa: Research Progress and Problems (Part 1)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: M.A. Herbert --- , South Africa A. P.G. Schönau --- , South AfricaSince the inception of forest fertiliser research in Southern Africa in 1926, eight eucalypt, six pine and four acacia species have been tested, encompassing a wide range of sites in summer, winter and uniform rainfall areas. Marked deficiencies of P,... -
Influence of Soil Organic Matter Content on the Responsiveness of Eucalyptus grandis to Nitrogen Fertiliser
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: A.D. Noble --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South Africa M.A. Herbert --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South AfricaIt is widely recognised that the inherent nitrogen (N) mineralisation capacity of a soil is directly related to the organic matter content. Consequently, in estimating the N requirements of Eucalyptus grandis at planting this mineralisation potential must be taken into... -
The Hydrological Effects of a Wildfire in a Eucalypt Afforested Catchment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: D.F. Scott --- Division of Forest Science and Technology, Jonkershoek Forestry Research Centre, RSA R.E. Schulze --- Department of Agricultural Engineering, RSAA high-intensity wildfire through a humid, upland catchment which was partially afforested to Eucalyptus fastigata, markedly increased stormflows and caused high soil losses off the afforested slopes. Total streamflow yield was unchanged but baseflow was reduced after the fire. The... -
Responses of Italian ryegrass to phosphorus on highly‐weathered soils
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: N. Miles --- Department of Agricultural Development, Republic of South Africa R.J. Eckard --- Department of Agricultural Development, Republic of South Africa J.M. deVilliers --- Department of Agronomy, Republic of South AfricaItalian ryegrass (Loliwn multiflorum cv. Midmar) responses to fertilizer P were studied in field experiments under irrigation on highly‐weathered ferrallitic soils at two localities in Natal. Each experiment was conducted over two seasons (1985 and 1986), the pasture being re‐established... -
A comparison of some range condition assessment techniques used in southern African grasslands
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: C.R. Hurt --- Natal Region, Department of Agricultural Development, Republic of South Africa O.J.H. Bosch --- Department of Plant Sciences, Republic of South AfricaTechniques currently used to assess range condition in the grassland biome of southern Africa are reviewed. The methods were used to calculate range condition indices from fire‐climax and climatic‐climax grassland data. These indices were then used to evaluate each method... -
The influence of lime and phosphorus on the growth of white clover on highly weathered Natal soils
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N. Miles --- , P.E. Bartholomew --- , C.I. Macdonald --- ,Results of field studies conducted on highly weathered Natal soils in which the performance of white clover (Trifolium repens cv. Regal ladino) was examined under a range of lime and P treatments applied in factorial combination, are presented. Despite adverse... -
Field response to P and K fertilizers of Lupinus albus cv. Kiev and L. angustifolius cv. Unicrop
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: V.D. Wassermann --- Department of Agriculture,A field trial is described, in which the response of Lupinus albus and L. angustifolius to three levels of P and five of K was measured. The P level of the soil was moderate, but the K content was extremely... -
Effects of plant density and row spacing on Lupiniis albus cv. Kiev
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: V.D. Wassermann --- Department of Agriculture, Republic of South AfricaTwo field trials in which the effects of plant density and row spacing on L. albus cv. Kiev were studied, are described. One trial was carried out on dryland and the Other under irrigation. Plant densities ranging from c. 20... -
Comparative response of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.) to applications of P, K and lime
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: V.D. Wassermann --- Department of Agricultural Development, Transvaal Region, Republic of South Africa Marike van den Berg --- Grassland Research Centre, Republic of South AfricaA pot experiment and an irrigated field trial in which the response of sainfoin and lucerne to different levels of P, K and lime was compared, are described. The results of the pot experiment suggested a better response to lime... -
Physiological response of spring wheat cultivars to post-anthesis water stress intensity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: G.A. Agenbag --- Department of Agronomy and Pastures, Republic of South Africa O.T. de Villiers --- Department of Botany, Republic of South AfricaWheat crops produced under dryland conditions in the winter rainfall belt of South Africa are often subjected to water stress. To study the effect of water stress on the spring wheat cultivars Nantes, Palmiet and SST 66, an experiment was... -
The response of Italian ryegrass to sodium, lime and potassium on an acidic Natal soil
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: A.D. Manson --- , Republic of South AfricaUnless corrected, soil acidity and K deficiency frequently limit growth of intensive temperate pastures on highly weathered soils in South Africa. A field trial, with Italian ryegrass (cv. Midmar), was established on a Himeville sandy clay loam (typic Hapludox) for... -
Open-top chamber facility to study air pollution impacts in South Africa. Part II: SO2–drought interactions on yield, photosynthesis and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: E Heyneke --- School of Environmental Science and Development, South Africa AJ Strauss --- School of Environmental Science and Development, South Africa RJ Strasser --- Bioenergetics Laboratory, Switzerland GHJ Krüger --- School of Environmental Science and Development, South AfricaSouth Africa has an extremely energy-intensive economy, resulting in substantial air pollution through its coal-fired power stations. Modelled sulphur dioxide (SO2) concentrations on the central Highveld mostly range between 10 and 50 ppb, exceeding 50 ppb in source areas. Well-watered... -
Identification of key grass species under grazing in the Highland Sourveld of Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: C.R. Hurt --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa M.B. Hardy --- , Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaRelative abundances of rangeland species have for many years been used to index trends in range condition following the impact of grazing. All species recorded in a botanical survey are usually classified according to their assumed reaction to grazing using... -
Dry matter yield of herbaceous rangeland plants and livemass gain of Tswana steers in eastern Botswana in response to stocking rate and phosphorus supplementation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: G. Tacheba --- Department of Agricultural Research, Botswana W.N. Mphinyane --- Department of Agricultural Research, BotswanaTswana steers were continuously grazed at stocking rates of 3, 6, and 9 ha LSU‐1 in two blocks, and steers in one block were supplemented with phosphorus. Dry matter yield of herbaceous rangeland plants was measured at the end of... -
Species responses to grazing in the Smaldeel area of the Eastern Cape1
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: J.C. Martens --- , Republic of South Africa J.E. Danckwerts --- , Republic of South Africa P.J.K. Zacharias --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaSpecies composition of the grass layer was measured in plots selected to cover a wide spectrum of condition states in six range types. This was achieved by placing 257 sample plots along contrasting fence‐lines in adjacent plots on either side... -
Spring and autumn nitrogen fertiliser effects, with and without phosphorus, potassium and sulphur, on dairy pastures: Yield and botanical composition
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: F.R. McKenzie --- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Australia J.L. Jacobs --- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Australia M. Ryan --- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Australia G. Kearney --- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, AustraliaExperiments were conducted at three sites to study effects of different nitrogen (N) fertilisers (e.g. urea, ammonium nitrate, di‐ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulphate), applied at 45 kg N ha−1, with and without phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sulphur (S), on... -
Of goats and spines – a feeding experiment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: C Skarpe --- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Norway R Bergström --- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Sweden K Danell --- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Sweden H Eriksson --- , Italy C Kunz --- , SwedenSpines in plants have evolved to reduce mammalian herbivory, and their main function may be to protect twigs more than photosynthetic tissue. Type and frequency of spines vary at different scales. We hypothesised that different types of spines affect animal... -
Maternal Response to Father-Daughter Incest: Experiences of Mothers Following Disclosure
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Tokozile Mayekiso --- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Fikelephi Mbokazi --- University of the Witwatersrand,This study explored the impact of the disclosure of sexual abuse of the daughter by the father or father figure on the mother. Data were collected from seven mothers aged between 31 and 48 years whose daughters had a history... -
Longitudinal Predictive Validity of a Learning Potential Test
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Marié de Beer --- University of South Africa,The aim of this article is to provide empirical psychometric evidence of the (longitudinal) predictive validity of a learning potential measure—the Learning Potential Computerised Adaptive Test (LPCAT)—in comparison with standard static tests with school aggregate results as the criterion measure... -
A Modern Assessment Psychometric Approach to Dynamic Assessment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Marié de Beer --- University of South Africa,Although dynamic assessment (DA) has been hailed as a positive move towards fair assessment, it has generally not been used in educational or industry settings to the same extent that standard (static) tests have been. The present article attempts to... -
Behavioural and Emotional Development in Children of Divorce
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Lephodisa Stephen Molepo --- Tholene Sodi and Partners, Inc., South Africa Tholene Sodi --- University of Limpopo, South Africa Levison Maunganidze --- Midlands State University, Zimbabwe Pilot Mudhovozi --- University of Venda, South AfricaThis study reports on teacher perceptions of the impact of parental divorce on behaviour and emotional development in children of divorce. Participants were a purposive sampling of 80 primary school learners with parental divorce experience and a comparison group of... -
Perceived Sexual Harassment Among Female Students at a Zimbabwean Institution of Higher Learning
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Thelma Dhlomo --- Great Zimbabwe University, Zimbabwe Rose M. Mugweni --- Great Zimbabwe University, Zimbabwe Gwen Shoniwa --- Great Zimbabwe University, Zimbabwe Levison Maunganidze --- Midlands State University, Zimbabwe Tholene Sodi --- University of Limpopo, South AfricaThis study analysed perceived sexual harassment experiences and responses among 136 female students (aged 19 to 40) randomly drawn from an institution of higher learning in Zimbabwe. A Sexual Harassment Questionnaire (SEQ) was administered to the participants. Data were summarized... -
AIDS, order and 'best practice' in the South African workplace: managers, peer educators, traditional healers and folk theories
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: David DickinsonThis article examines the response of three medium-sized South African manufacturing companies to HIV/AIDS. It is argued that the response is heavily influenced by managerial conceptions of workplace order — sometimes divergent from industrial realities — which results in the... -
Wits University's response to HIV/AIDS: flagship programme or 'tramp steamer'?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Murray Cairns David Dickinson Wendy OrrHIV/AIDS is a threat to the creation of human capital and development prospects in southern Africa and South Africa. The University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) is a well-regarded institution of higher education in Johannesburg. This paper outlines the university's qualified... -
HIV/AIDS in South Africa: caring for vulnerable children
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: H Loening-Voysey --- , South AfricaSouth Africa currently has the fastest growing HIV/AIDS pandemic in the world. Efforts to manage the plight of children affected by HIV/AIDS have however been thwarted by two ubiquitous factors—poverty and inefficient state services. Caregivers, who are generally not public... -
Final Findings on the Response of Eucalyptus grandis to Fertilising at De Kaap, Eastern Transvaal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: M.A. Herbert --- , South Africa D.A. Jackson --- , South Africa R.Verloren van Themaat --- , South AfricaThe final results are presented of a pair of fertiliser experiments with a seedling crop of Ecucalyptus grandis on fully cultivated sites, one of which incorporated the application of dolomitic lime. Liming had a strong effect on the response of... -
A critical look at the potential of Ecopath with ecosim to assist in practical fisheries management
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: É. E. Plagányi D. S. ButterworthEcosystem-orientated thinking is increasingly incorporated into fishery management. Given the complexity of ecosystem processes, there is a need to evaluate the tools used to steer this thinking critically. ECOPATH with ECOSIM (EwE), an aggregate system-modelling package, is currently the most... -
Site and stand age effects on fertiliser responses in Pinus patula pulpwood plantations in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: Andrew R. Morris --- Sappi Forests Research: Shaw Research Centre,Six fertiliser trials were establishedin separate stands in their 4th , 7th or 12th year on both granite and gabbro derived soils intheUsutu Forest, Swaziland. All trials compared the same factorial combination ofN, P and K fertilisers. Tree growth response... -
Genotypic variation in response to low boron in eucalypt clones
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: S Konsaeng --- Department of Plant Science and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Thailand N Sritharathikhun --- Department of Plant Science and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Thailand S Lordkaew --- Multiple Cropping Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Thailand B Dell --- Sustainable Ecosystem Research Institute, Australia B Rerkasem --- Plant Genetic Resource and Nutrition Laboratory, ThailandEucalypts are increasingly important in the tropics for meeting growing demand for timber, wood chips, paper pulp and biofuel. Many new plantations are planted on low boron (B) soils, with adverse effects on plant growth and productivity. Two experiments in... -
HIV- and AIDS-related (mis)perceptions and (non)responses of school principals in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lesley Wood Paul WebbDespite various HIV and AIDS training programmes offered for educators by the South African Department of Education, little has been achieved at the level of management in terms of creating a wider understanding of the social and cultural complexities of... -
Building partnerships to support community-led HIV/AIDS management: a case study from rural South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Yugi Nair Catherine CampbellThe importance of partnerships between marginalised communities and support agencies (from the public sector, private sector and civil society) is a pillar of HIV/AIDS management policy. Such alliances are notoriously difficult to promote and sustain. We present a case study... -
A chronic toxicity test protocol using Caridina nilotica (Decapoda: Atyidae) and the generation of salinity toxicity data
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: AR Slaughter CG Palmer WJ MullerSalinization of freshwater resources is an increasing global problem, yet there is a paucity of chronic salinity tolerance data linked to very few chronic toxicity test protocols. This research aimed to generate a chronic toxicity test protocol and protective salinity... -
Mouthpart deformities in Chironomidae (Diptera) as indicators of heavy metal pollution in northern Lake Victoria, Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: H Ochieng ED de Ruyter van Steveninck FM WandaDue to the absence of appropriate and sensitive tools for monitoring heavy metal pollution in northern Lake Victoria (Uganda), this study investigated mouthpart deformities in chironomid larvae (Diptera) in relation to concentrations of lead, copper, cadmium and zinc in lake... -
The impact of feedlot effluent on water quality and aquatic macroinvertebrate community structure in streams of the upper Vaal River catchment, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: M-N Jonker --- Centre for Aquatic Research, Department of Zoology, South Africa JHJ van Vuren --- Centre for Aquatic Research, Department of Zoology, South Africa V Wepener --- Centre for Aquatic Research, Department of Zoology, South AfricaThe impact of three intensive feedlots on aquatic macroinvertebrate community structure under high and low flows in the upper Vaal catchment was investigated. Water quality variables recorded upstream and downstream of feedlot activity include pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, temperature, turbidity,... -
Steroid hormone concentrations and physiological toxicity of water from selected dams in Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: AK Faul --- Department of Biological Sciences, Namibia E Julies --- Department of Biological Sciences, Namibia EJ Pool --- Department of Medical Biosciences, South AfricaNamibia is a semi-arid to arid country and has most of its surface water in dams built on ephemeral rivers. Whilst water quality is often measured in terms of bacterial contamination and general physico-chemical characteristics, this study extends water quality... -
The intubating laryngeal mask produces less heart rate response to intubation than conventional laryngoscopy
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: NR Evans --- Department of Anaesthesia, South Africa MFM James --- Department of Anaesthesia, South AfricaWe compared heart rate and blood pressure changes to intubation produced by conventional laryngoscopic-guided intubation to those produced by blind intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask (ILM) in normotensive adults with normal airways. Forty paralysed, anaesthetised adults undergoing elective surgery... -
Attenuation of the haemodynamic response to placement of the Mayfield skull pin head holder: alfentanil versus scalp block
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: FJ Smith --- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, South Africa CJ van der Merwe --- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, South Africa PJ Becker --- Unit for Biostatistics, South AfricaIntroduction: Application of the Mayfield clamp causes a significant haemodynamic response. Different methods have been used to attenuate this response. We compared two of these methods, namely alfentanil bolus (Group A) and nerve block of the scalp (Group B). METHOD:... -
Myocardial ischaemia during coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a review of intervention strategies (Part 2)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: P Motshabi --- Department of Anaesthesia, -
Myocardial ischaemia during coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a review of the pathophysiology (Part 1)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: P Motshabi --- Department of Anaesthesia,Myocardial mortality and morbidity during cardiac surgery is a devastating emotional phenomenon for both the medical team and the patient's family, often leading to dire financial consequences. Multiorgan dysfunction as a result of the effects of the neurohumoral system, triggered... -
Effect of rotenone on gill-respiring and plastron-respiring insects
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: AJ Booth --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa S Moss --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa OLF Weyl --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South AfricaRotenone, a commonly-used piscicide, interferes with the cellular respiration of aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates by preventing the uptake of oxygen. While dose-response relationships have been developed for fish, there are limited comparative data available on aquatic insects that respire either... -
Thermoregulation under semi-natural conditions in speckled mousebirds: the role of communal roosting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Andrew E. McKechnie --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Gerhard Körtner --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Barry G. Lovegrove --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaMousebirds (Coliiformes) exhibit well-developed communal roosting behaviour as well as a pronounced capacity for facultative hypothermic responses. We recorded body temperature (Tb)) in speckled mousebirds (Colius striatus) under semi-natural conditions in outdoor aviaries, and examined interactions between behavioural and metabolic... -
Response rate on the Adjusted Rorschach Comprehensive System (ARCS) by isiXhosa learners: a replication and extension
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Mokgadi Moletsane --- Department of Educational Psychology, South Africa Robert Kananga Mukuna --- Department of Educational Psychology, South AfricaThis study describes the response profiles of a sample of isiXhosa learners regarding to the Adjusted Rorschach Comprehensive System (ARCS) and related influences to explain the response latencies. This was a multiple case study in which six test naive high... -
A novel methodology for the rapid assessment of waterbird vulnerability to disturbance
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Kate JH England --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Colin Jackson --- A Rocha Kenya, Mwamba Bird Observatory and Field Study Centre, Kenya Philip AR Hockey --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South AfricaA methodology for rapidly assessing the vulnerability of waterbirds to disturbance was tested at Sabaki estuary, Kenya. Three variables were employed to measure the responses of 15 species: (1) bird density, (2) minimum distance of birds from a stationary disturbance... -
Retrospective analysis of patients with cancer of the cervix attending a radiotherapy outpatient department: experience from a university-based hospital in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: M Nandi --- Department of Radiation Oncology, India A Mandal --- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, India AK Asthana --- Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, IndiaObjective: A retrospective analysis of all patients with cancer of the cervix attending a radiotherapy outpatients department in a single unit from January 2005 to December 2006 was carried out to study their epidemiology, stage and status of presentation, compliance... -
Saliva fractions from South African Russian wheat aphid biotypes induce differential defence responses in wheat
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Lintle Mohase --- Department of Plant Sciences, South Africa Bernice Taiwe --- Glen Agricultural College, South AfricaThe Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjomov, 1913), is a notorious pest that reduces yield in wheat. Nevertheless, the source of eliciting activity during RWA–wheat interaction has not been established. This paper reports on the isolation of eliciting activity... -
Lipid emulsions in parenteral nutrition: does one size fits all?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: A. Laviano --- Department of Clinical Medicine, F. Rossi Fanelli --- Department of Clinical Medicine,Dietary lipids significantly contribute to preserve the efficiency of human metabolism and restore it during disease. Therefore, in the absence of absolute contraindications, it would not appear reasonable to exclude lipid emulsions when prescribing parenteral nutrition (PN). The metabolic role... -
Funding of community-based interventions for HIV prevention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nana K Poku --- Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South Africa René Bonnel --- Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaSince the start of the HIV epidemic, community responses have been at the forefront of the response. Following the extraordinary expansion of global resources, the funding of community responses rose to reach at least US$690 million per year in the... -
Optimization of copper nanoparticle biosynthesis process using aqueous extract of Andrographis paniculata
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Supratim Biswas --- Mineral Processing and Technology Research Centre, Department of Metallurgy Faculty of Engineering & The Built Environment, South Africa Suparna Chakraborty --- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, India Antoine F. Mulaba-Bafubiandi --- Mineral Processing and Technology Research Centre, Department of Metallurgy Faculty of Engineering & The Built Environment, South AfricaThe competency of aqueous extract of Andrographis paniculata (kalmegh) to reduce copper nitrate for the biosynthesis of copper nanoparticle (CuNPs) was investigated. The experiments were set up according to the design of experiment technique and the results were analyzed for... -
Focusing on monofilament nets while overlooking the priorities of artisanal fisheries governance in Senegal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: D Thiao --- Centre de Recherches Océanographiques de Dakar-Thiaroye (CRODT), Senegal A Mbaye --- Centre de Recherches Océanographiques de Dakar-Thiaroye (CRODT), Senegal M Dème --- Centre de Recherches Océanographiques de Dakar-Thiaroye (CRODT), Senegal HD Diadhiou --- Centre de Recherches Océanographiques de Dakar-Thiaroye (CRODT), SenegalDespite its legal prohibition since 1998, the nylon monofilament net is still widely used in Senegalese artisanal fisheries. To achieve a complete ban on monofilament use, it is necessary to understand the main arguments for its continued use and what... -
Optimization of processing conditions for oil reduction of magwinya (a deep-fried cereal dough)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Oluwatoyin Oladayo Onipe --- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, South Africa Daniso Beswa --- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, South Africa Victoria Adaora Jideani --- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, South Africa Afam Israel Obiefuna Jideani --- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, South AfricaObesity – a known risk factor for some metabolic diseases – is still of global concern deeply rooted in unhealthy diet and lifestyle choices. Magwinya, a wheat-based deep-fried snack, absorbs up to 14% of oil. Wheat bran (WB), can serve... -
International transmission of risk factor movements: The case of developed markets
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Investment Analysts Journal • Authors: Hyung-Suk Choi --- School of Business, Korea Doojin Ryu --- College of Economics, Korea Heejin Yang --- School of Finance, KoreaUnder the Carhart four-factor system, this study examines the international transmission mechanism among country-specific risk factors by focusing on the cross-border transmission of factor innovation. We find that international stock markets are interrelated with respect to market, size, value and... -
Does research and development (R&D) investment lead to economic growth? Evidence from the South African peach and nectarine industry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Chiedza Z. Tsvakirai --- Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, South Africa Frikkie Liebenberg --- Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development, South Africa Johann F. Kirsten --- Bureau for Economic Research (BER), Stellenbosch University, South AfricaAgricultural research programmes in Africa have experienced waning state financial allocations. Efforts to change these funding trends have been fettered by the limited evidence of research investment benefits and the long lags associated with these returns. In a bid to... -
Biomarkers of toxicity in Clarias gariepinus exposed to sublethal concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: TO Sogbanmu --- Ecotoxicology and Conservation Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Nigeria AO Osibona --- Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, Nigeria OA Oguntunde --- Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Nigeria AA Otitoloju --- Ecotoxicology and Conservation Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, NigeriaPhysiological, biochemical and histological indices in Clarias gariepinus broodstock, and teratogenic indices in embryos exposed to sublethal concentrations of naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene were investigated in 2014 using a static-renewal bioassay protocol. Phenanthrene (1.41 mg l−1) was the most toxic,... -
Flexural, water absorption and wear responses of green composites from bio-resources
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Isiaka Oluwole Oladele --- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Nigeria Oluwaseun Olayinka Abegunde --- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Nigeria Abdullahi Olawale Masud --- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, NigeriaThis research was carried out to produce corn husk fibre reinforced recycled waste paper-based composites using natural rubber as a binder. The paper pulp was obtained by soaking waste paper in water for 24 hours after which it was ground... -
Effect of moringa extract on the leaf anatomy and yield potential of tomato infected by Alternaria solani
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Culver Mvumi --- Department of Plant and Soil Science, South Africa Diana Marais --- Department of Plant and Soil Science, South Africa Elizabeth Ngadze --- Department of Crop Science, Zimbabwe Elsa S du Toit --- Department of Plant and Soil Science, South Africa Albert Tsindi --- Faculty of Agriculture, ZimbabweTomato is often exposed to hormones and diseases, among other factors, to which responses in leaf anatomy and yield are observed. This study evaluated responses in the leaf anatomy of Alternaria solani infected (IN) and non-infected (NIN) tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)... -
Why defaecate on your doorstep? Investigating an unusual behaviour in Africa’s smallest falcon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Billi A Krochuk --- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Diana Bolopo --- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Anthony M Lowney --- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Paul R Meyers --- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, South Africa Claire N Spottiswoode --- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Rajendra MG Raman --- Department of Zoology, UK Robert L Thomson --- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, South AfricaDepositing faeces at the nest should be expected to carry risks such as increased parasite loads and disease exposure. This perplexing behaviour is unusual in birds but is consistently shown by a handful of species, and has been demonstrated to... -
Variance components and heritability of yield and yield-related traits in tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Zinhle B Mhlaba --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, South Africa Hussein A Shimelis --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, South Africa Beyene Amelework --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, South Africa Albert T Modi --- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Discipline of Crop Science, South Africa Jacob Mashilo --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, South AfricaThe extent of variance and heritability of traits influence the response to selection in crop breeding programs. The objective of this study was to determine variance components and heritability in tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A.Gray) populations to identify promising genotypes... -
Manuscripts submitted to South African Family Practice by the School of Medicine, University of the Free State: journal response types and times
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Gina Joubert --- Department of Biostatistics, South Africa Theanette Mulder --- School of Medicine, South Africa Wilhelm Johannes Steinberg --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa Johan Botes --- Department of Family Medicine, South AfricaBackground: For authors, manuscript submission can seem fraught with obstacles. The present authors describe their experience with South African Family Practice (SAFP) regarding response types and times, compared with other SA-based journals. -
Biomarker responses in African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), as indicators of potential metal and organic pollution along the Vaal River system, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: LJ Connell --- , South Africa GR Jansen van Rensburg --- , South Africa A Avenant-Oldewage --- , South Africa R Greenfield --- , South AfricaThe Vaal River is of considerable economic and environmental importance. It flows through five provinces within South Africa and it is subject to numerous recreational and industrial activities, which often prove detrimental to the health of the system. To determine... -
Experiential branded app engagement and brand loyalty: An empirical study in the context of a festival
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Xi Li --- , China Xinwei Su --- , China YingChuan Wang --- , ChinaThis study investigated the mediating role of emotional responses and app engagement on the relationship between the perception of app features and brand loyalty. Participants were 417 Macao light festivalgoers (female = 53.2%; age range = 31–40 years old). Using... -
Alone or in company? Cultural orientation, strategic response and COVID-19 outcomes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Africa Journal of Management • Authors: Baniyelme D. Zoogah --- , USA Benedicta S. Quao --- , Ghana Vincent H. T. Musah --- , Ghana Patience O. Ahwireng --- , GhanaThe respiratory disease, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which began in December 2019, and became a pandemic in early 2020, has posed critical challenges not only for nations and businesses but also individuals. As a result, management scholars are examining organizational... -
INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE: Preliminary investigations into the COVID-19 pandemic and management in Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Africa Journal of Management • Authors: Moses Acquaah --- , USA Rebecca Namatovu --- , Denmark Moses N. Kiggundu --- , CanadaThe COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdowns and restrictions taken by African governments to mitigate the spread of the virus have adversely affected the lives of people, health systems, organizations, society, and national economies. In this special issue, we take... -
Public perception of risk and coping response to COVID-19 in China: The moderating role of negative emotion
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Yongtao Gan --- , China Jing Zhang --- , China Zhiyue Quan --- , ChinaThis study investigated the moderating role of negative emotion on risk perception and risk response during the COVID-19 pandemic. We administered a survey to 1 452 participants from six provinces in China (female = 72. 4%; mean age = 33... -
How hotels suffer from and deal with the economic effects of tourism seasonality: A case study of Aksum, Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Research in Hospitality Management • Authors: Amare Yaekob Chiriko --- , EthiopiaThe aim of this study is to assess the economic costs of tourism seasonality on hotels, and strategies for addressing these costs by taking Aksum, northern Ethiopia, as a research context. Semi-structured interviews were employed to collect data from 14... -
Crisis management: The response of a small Dutch hospitality company during the COVID-19 pandemic
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Research in Hospitality Management • Authors: Nanda van Leeuwen Boomkamp --- , The Netherlands Nicole Vermolen --- , The NetherlandsThe purpose of this study was to explore how a small Dutch hospitality company responded to the COVID-19 pandemic and hence create an understanding of how hospitality businesses can potentially use this knowledge when facing similar crises in the future... -
Bull shark Carcharhinus leucas recruitment into the St Lucia Estuary, South Africa, after prolonged mouth closure, and the first observation of a neonate bull shark preyed on by a Nile crocodile Crocodylus niloticus
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: R Daly --- , South Africa P Le Noury --- , United Kingdom TN Hempson --- , Mozambique M Ziembicki --- , Mozambique JM Olbers --- , South Africa GM Brokensha --- , South Africa BQ Mann --- , South AfricaEstuaries provide critical nursery habitat for juvenile bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas, as they have the ability to withstand a wide range of salinities. St Lucia is the largest estuarine lake in Africa and was once a key nursery for bull... -
Investigating the effects of hypersalinity on the cardiac performance of the invasive gastropod Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: TJ de Haas --- , South Africa LJ Connell --- , South Africa R Greenfield --- , South AfricaAnthropogenic activities have propelled the exploitation of natural environments, which along with climate change have resulted in salinity intrusion to freshwater ecosystems worldwide. To determine the extent the hypersalinity stressor has on freshwater ecosystems, physiological cardiac responses in the freshwater... -
Habitat structure differentially mitigates predation impact of juvenile largemouth bass and Florida bass
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Dumisani Khosa --- , South Africa Josie South --- , South Africa Ryan J Wasserman --- , South Africa Olaf LF Weyl --- , South AfricaHabitat complexity plays an important role in structuring species diversity, behaviour and distribution. Furthermore, habitat complexity can mediate the strength of predator-prey interactions through the provision of prey refugia or through enhancing ambush predation. In this study, we use functional... -
Agricultural supply response for sunflower in South Africa (1947–2016): The partial Nerlovian framework approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Kenneth Nhundu --- , South Africa Colleta Gandidzanwa --- , South Africa Petronella Chaminuka --- , South Africa Manana Mamabolo --- , South Africa Sandile Mahlangu --- , South Africa Moraka N. Makhura --- , South AfricaThe study estimates sunflower supply response in South Africa using time series data from 1947 to 2016, modelled through the Nerlovian Partial Adjustment approach. Short- and long-run price elasticities of 0.238 and 0.313 respectively, suggest that farmers do not easily... -
The financial and social efficiency of rural cooperatives in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Collin L. Yobe --- , South Africa Stuart R. D. Ferrer --- , South Africa Maxwell Mudhara --- , South AfricaIdentifying the type of organization for achieving social efficiency for agricultural development remains a challenge. In this study, the relationship between the financial and social efficiency of South African agricultural cooperatives was examined. Data, comprising 1788 agricultural cooperatives, were obtained... -
Disaggregation and assessment of estuarine pressures at the country-level to better inform management and resource protection – the South African experience
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: L van Niekerk --- , South Africa S Taljaard --- , South Africa SJ Lamberth --- , South Africa JB Adams --- , South Africa SP Weerts --- , South Africa CF MacKay --- , South AfricaGlobally, the ability of estuaries to sustain functionality and productivity is deteriorating rapidly under ever-increasing anthropogenic pressures. We present a systematic approach to identify, characterise and rank global pressures affecting estuaries. Six main pressure categories are reviewed: freshwater flow modification;... -
Unlocking the commercialization potentials of Moringa oleifera production in Southwestern Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: T. O. Ojo --- , Nigeria A. A. Adetoro --- , Pietermaritzburg, South Africa A. A. Ogundeji --- , South Africa J. A. Belle --- , South Africa M. S. C. Ngidi --- , Pietermaritzburg, South AfricaDespite the importance of Moringa oleifera tree for food security at the smallholder farmers’ level, there is no consolidated socioeconomic information about the crop such as its contribution to household food security and income, and its production potential, commercialization and... -
DRIFT: incorporating an eco-social system network and time series approach into environmental flow assessments
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: AR Joubert --- , South Africa CA Brown --- , South Africa JM King --- , South Africa H Beuster --- , South Africa A Greyling --- , South AfricaDRIFT (Downstream Response to Imposed Flow Transformation) is an interactive, ecological-social process and software package to assist with environmental flow assessments and river management decision-making. It was originally developed in the 1990s and has subsequently evolved and been applied in... -
Economic implications of COVID-19 for the HIV epidemic and the response in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Charles Birungi --- , Switzerland Markus Haacker --- University College London, United Kingdom Isaac Taramusi --- , Zimbabwe Amon Mpofu --- , Zimbabwe Bernard Madzima --- , Zimbabwe Tsitsi Apollo --- , Zimbabwe Owen Mugurungi --- , Zimbabwe Martin Odiit --- , Zimbabwe Michael A Obst --- , GermanyUnderstanding the economic implications of COVID-19 for the HIV epidemic and response is critical for designing policies and strategies to effectively sustain past gains and accelerate progress to end these colliding pandemics. While considerable cross-national empirical evidence exists at the... -
Understanding the response of large South African companies to HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: David Dickinson --- Graduate School of Business Administration, University of the Witwatersrand, Marion Stevens --- Centre for Health Policy, University of the Witwatersrand,This paper provides a framework analysing the response of South African companies to HIV/AIDS. Drawing on three case studies of companies, each with over 20 000 South African-based employees, we identify six ‘drivers’ that influence corporate behaviour regarding HIV/AIDS: legal... -
New approaches, new activities and new outcomes in international conferences on HIV/AIDS in Africa — Report of the 3rd African Conference on the Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, Dakar, 10 – 14 October 2005
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: C.I. Niang O. Shisana G. Andrews D. Kaseje L. Simbayi Karl Peltzer [CXX0001] Y. ToefyAfrica's HIV/AIDS situation remains cause for concern. The impact of HIV is considerable and threatens the survival and development of African societies. Although much has been attempted, the results still leave much to be desired. AIDS is an epidemic that... -
An assessment of government policy response to HIV/AIDS in Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Julius Fobil --- School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Ireneous Soyiri --- School of Public Health, University of Ghana,The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa has assumed a dimension raising heartbreaking anxiety among national governments and civil society groups. In Ghana for example, the pandemic is well-documented and has gone beyond a health problem, and now encompasses all socio-economic aspects... -
Review of national AIDS councils in Africa: Findings from five countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Charles Hongoro --- Policy Analysis Unit, Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa (HSRC), Akim J Mturi --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance (SAHARA), Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa (HSRC), Joshua Kembo --- Bureau of Market Research (BMR) at UNISA,National AIDS councils (NACs) were established in many African countries to co-ordinate the multi-sectoral response to HIV/ AIDS. Their main mandate is to provide strategic leadership and co-ordinate activities geared to fight against HIV/AIDS. This study sought to understand the... -
A review of the response to HIV/AIDS in Trinidad and Tobago: 1983–2010
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christine Laptiste --- , , Trinidad Vyjanti Beharry --- , , Trinidad Patricia Edwards-Wescott --- , , TrinidadThis paper examines the character of the response to HIV/AIDS in Trinidad and Tobago and assesses the impact of the response on reducing the spread of the epidemic. The launch of the National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan in 2004 signalled the... -
Prevalence and psychological correlates of anxiety symptoms in subthreshold depressive adolescents with a high level of rumination response style
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Xingzhi Mao --- Capital Normal University, China Qi Li --- Capital Normal University, China Fangfang Shangguan --- Capital Normal University, China Jing Xiao --- Capital Normal University, ChinaThis study examined between anxiety symptoms in subthreshold depressive (SD) adolescents with rumination and their personal predispositions. A total of 371 SD adolescents were enrolled in the study (females 55.26%, mean age = 16.34, SD = 0.96). The adolescents completed... -
Beyond the discourses of policy and power: HIV, AIDS, and community perspectives on the lived pandemic
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Warren Parker --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaAs HIV unfolded in the 1980s, HIV and AIDS were heard and seen through the lives of those whom it touched directly. Personal histories were foregrounded, centred by the inevitable mortality attached to HIV infection, the courage of circumstance in... -
Agricultural credit guarantee scheme fund and oil palm production in Nigeria: A vector autoregressive (VAR) approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Elaigwu Christopher Ogbanje --- Nasarawa State University, Nigeria Eberechukwu Johnpaul Ihemezie --- University of Nigeria, NigeriaOil palm has been identified as one of the key agricultural products that can diversify Nigeria’s economy. However, its production and export have been hampered by capital constraints. Consequently, the Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund (ACGSF) was introduced to encourage... -
Vacillating vaccines: responses to Covid-19 in the United States and South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Theodore Powers --- Anthropology, University of Iowa, United States of America Jimmy Pieterse --- University of Pretoria, South AfricaThis article examines the internal pathways of disease transfer within two settler colonies, the United States and South Africa, whilst also considering points of transnational connection in the social, political, epidemiological, religious and cultural responses to the Covid-19 pandemic in... -
An adaptive differential evolution algorithm based on relaxation strategy to realize the Nash equilibrium of multi-oligopoly game
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Quaestiones Mathematicae • Authors: Huimin Li --- Xuzhou University of Technology, China Shuwen Xiang --- Guizhou University, China Shiguo Huang --- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Enquan Luo --- Guizhou University, ChinaInspired by the idea of game learning, this paper studies the Cournot game model of the multi-oligopoly market and studies the realization of the Nash equilibrium by using adaptive differential evolution algorithm based on relaxation strategies. The realization path of... -
Predator avoidance by mesopredatory benthic sharks in response to potential predators in a natural environment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: DBS Rooth --- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark RGA Watson --- , South AfricaSome benthic elasmobranch mesopredators utilise crypsis to avoid predation by higher trophic predators. While this ability has been documented in various elasmobranchs such as rays, cryptic behaviour has been scarcely documented in catsharks (family Scyliorhinidae). Freezing behaviour by leopard catsharks... -
Impact of catch and release on the welfare of bronze seabream Pachymetopon grande in the South African marine shore-based fishery
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: EC Butler --- Rhodes University, South Africa MW Farthing --- Rhodes University, South Africa CS Bova --- Rhodes University, South Africa A-R Childs --- Rhodes University, South Africa WM Potts --- Rhodes University, South AfricaThe practice of catch-and-release (C&R) angling is increasingly being integrated into recreational fisheries as a conservation strategy to promote sustainability. However, C&R can still have lethal or sublethal effects owing to various stressors involved in the act of angling. Using...
