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The effect of some chemical agents on thinning of Golden Delicious and Granny Smith apples
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: A.F. Lourens --- , Republic of South AfricaThinning trials were carried out with various chemical compounds on Golden Delicious and Granny Smith apple trees over a period of three years in the Elgin area in the western Cape. The scorching agents dinoseb (2-sec-butyl-4,-6-dinitrophenol) and paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion)... -
Effect of time of hand-thinning on apple fruit size
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: O. Bergh --- , Republic of South AfricaThe effect of time of hand-thinning on fruit size of Starking, Starkrimson and Starkspur Golden Delicious was studied during two consecutive seasons. In the first season trees were thinned at weekly or fortnightly intervals, commencing at full bloom until eight... -
Proposed regression model for calculating optimum crop levels of apple trees
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: O. Bergh --- , Republic of South AfricaThe value per ton of Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Starking and Starkrimson fruit was calculated by assigning values per carton to each of six size groups of fruit harvested from individual trees in experimental orchards during the four seasons 1978/79... -
Cumulative effect of time of hand-thinning on fruit size of Golden Delicious and Granny Smith apples
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: O. Bergh --- , Republic of South AfricaThe cumulative effect of time of hand-thinning on fruit size of Golden Delicious and Granny Smith apple trees was studied during seven consecutive seasons for Golden Delicious and four consecutive seasons for Granny Smith. Trees were thinned to single flowers... -
Physiological response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to thinning time and intensity after anthesis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: A. J.P. Tarimo --- Department of Crop Science and Production, Tanzania F. P.C. Blarney --- , AustraliaTwo experiments were carried out to study groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) response to thinning time and intensity after anthesis at Redland Bay Farm, Southeast Queensland, Australia, during 1987/88 (Experiment 1) and 1989/90 (Experiment 2). Six cultivars were included in Experiment... -
Effect of blossom stage of ‘Alpine’ nectarine on efficacy of chemical thinning using Armothin
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: M.S. North --- Division of Horticulture, South Africa M. Booyse --- Biometry Unit, South AfricaFruit thinning of peach and nectarine cultivars is essential to maximize profitability and stabilize production and is routinely done by hand thinning of blossoms and early fruit. Chemical thinning of blossoms may reduce the cost of manual labour, but results... -
The coppicing ability of Acacia erubescens and Combretum apiculatum subsp. apiculatum in response to cutting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: G N SmitThe investigation was conducted in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. Twenty single stemmed trees of both Acacia erubescens and Combretum apiculatum subsp. apiculatum were randomly selected and five trees of each species were cut at heights of 5cm, 15cm,... -
Research note: Relations between tree height and the associated occurrence of Panicum maximum in Sourish Mixed Bushveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: G.N. Smit --- Department of Agriculture, Republic of South Africa K.S.K. van Romburgh --- , Republic of South AfricaAcacia tortilis, A. karroo and Dichrostachys cinerea subsp. africana trees were divided into nine height classes, with increments of 0.5 m. The abundance of P. maximum growing under their canopies was estimated by scoring on a scale of 0 (no... -
Review article: Vegetative growth, reproduction, browse production and response to tree clearing of woody plants in African savanna
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: G.N. Smit --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa N.F.G. Rethman --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, Republic of South Africa A. Moore --- Department of Agriculture, Republic of South AfricaThis review deals with issues including the determinants of vegetative growth of woody plants (soil water availability, water stress, soil nutrient availability, carbohydrate reserves, plant hormones, atmospheric CO2 concentration, tree age, competition, defoliation and shoot pruning, fire, pathogens, soil and... -
Growth modelling of Pinus roxburghii in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: E.R. Falkenhagen --- , South AfricaThe growth in diameter at breast height, height and tree volume and plot density were studied in an unreplicated spacing trial of Pinus roxburghii at Weza, South Africa. -
An Integrated System for Forest Management and Silvicultural Planning and Control in South African State Forestry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: H.W. Kassier --- Forest Management Division, Department of Water Affairs, Forestry and Environmental Conservation,A computerised plantation analysis system (COMPAS) for commercial plantation management, planning and control is described and illustrated. Present uses in South African State forestry and future development of the system are discussed. -
The Silvicultural Treatment of Eucalypt Plantations in Southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: R.J. Poynton --- Department of Water Affairs, Forestry and Environmental Conservation,Approximately 500 000 ha has been afforested in Southern Africa with Eucalyptus spp.—principally E. grandis—for the production of mining timber, pulpwood, rough building and fencing materials and fuel on a short rotation of 6 to 10 years, for telegraph and... -
Application of a Factorial Design to a Thinning Experiment in Eucalyptus grandis, with Intermediate Results
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: A. P.G. Schönau --- , South AfricaThe background is given to the choice of experimental design for a thinning experiment in E. grandis. A 34 factorial experiment confounded in randomised incomplete blocks of nine units was preferred with thinning intensity, age of first thinning, interval between... -
Early Respacement and Fewer Thinnings can Increase Profitability of Coniferous Sawtimber Production
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: B.V. Bredenkamp --- Natal Forestry Research Centre, J. S.J. Venter --- , H. Haigh --- Natal Forestry Research Centre,A pine sawtimber production regime using wider initial spacing, early respacement, fewer thinning operations and a shortened rotation is proposed. The proposal is compared with a commonly accepted regime for ranges of interest rates and pulpwood prices. Benefits are lowered... -
Row Thinnings Do Not Adversely Affect Yields or Form of the Final Crop in Improved Pinus taeda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: B.V. Bredenkamp --- , South AfricaA row thinning experiment with six treatments, ranging from removal of every second row to purely selective thinning, is described. The stand being thinned was of particularly uniform Pinus taeda and there were no lasting detrimental effects on the residual... -
Stand stability in pines : An important silvicultural criterion for the evaluation of thinnings and the development of thinning regimes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: W.H.F. Hinze --- SAFCOL Research and Development, N.O. Wessels --- ,This article deals with the role played by the stability factor (SF) in the evaluation ofthinnings in fastgrowing, even-aged pine stands. It also illustrates how the stability factor is influenced by thinnings and site over time. The SF is expressed... -
A financial evaluation of two contrasting silvicultural systems applicable to Pinus taeda grown in north-east Uruguay
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: A Bussoni --- Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Facultad de Agronomía, Uruguay J Cabris --- Departamento de Producción Forestal y Tecnología de la Madera, Facultad de Agronomía, UruguayThe Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation area in north-east Uruguay was 108 000 ha in 2008. Recent industrial capacity developments have resulted in major structural changes. Silvicultural system selection depends on site productivity, costs, timber prices and public policies... -
Difference in shade tolerance affects foliage–sapwood response to thinning by two eucalypts
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Rui Ling Yao --- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, China Kevin Glencross --- Cooperative Research Centre for Forestry and Forestry Program, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Australia J Doland Nichols --- Cooperative Research Centre for Forestry and Forestry Program, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, AustraliaIn eucalypt plantations in subtropical Australia, Eucalyptus dunnii exhibits greater diameter increment after thinning than more shade-tolerant Corymbia citriodora. To elucidate the mechanism underlying this difference, we investigated relationships between tree leaf area and sapwood area following thinning in 11-year-old... -
Chemical thinning of ‘Barouni’ and ‘Manzanilla’ olives with naphthalene acetic acid under South African conditions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J Jacques Crous --- Department of Horticultural Science, South Africa Willem J Steyn --- Department of Horticultural Science, South AfricaTable olives grown in the Mediterranean-type climate of Western Cape province of South Africa are prone to alternate bearing, as elsewhere in the world. To date, South African producers have tolerated the negative effects of alternate bearing, but due to... -
Post-establishment vegetation control in two pine saw-timber stands in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Hemisphere Forestry Journal • Authors: KM LittleIn pine plantations, the effect of shading following canopy closure reduces the growth of competing vegetation. In some pine stands, particularly those grown for saw-timber, full canopy closure is not achieved due to a combination of the low initial planting... -
Solid wood property variations in early-age Acacia plantation trees grown in southern Vietnam
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: David Blackburn --- , Australia Vu Dinh Huong --- , Vietnam Nguyen Duc Thanh --- , Vietnam Daniel Mendham --- , AustraliaA high demand for woodchips has encouraged smallholder farmers in Vietnam to invest in short-rotation Acacia plantations to produce pulpwood that has a relatively quick, though often low, income return. Because of an expanding export furniture industry, the Vietnam Government... -
Effect of thinning on growth and allometry of Eucalyptus diversicolor
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Shes Kanta Bhandari --- The University of Western Australia, Australia Erik J Veneklaas --- The University of Western Australia, Australia Lachlan McCaw --- , Western Australia Richard Mazanec --- , Western Australia Michael Renton --- The University of Western Australia, AustraliaKarri (Eucalyptus diversicolor F. Muell.) forest is an endemic forest type of southwest Western Australia (SWWA), noted for having the tallest trees in the region, and providing commercial, ecological and conservation value. To inform management aimed at optimising these values,... -
Effects of thinning on growth performance of teak (Tectona grandis) plantations in Tain II Forest Reserve, Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Bertrand Festus Nero --- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana Maxwell Asuenabisa --- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, GhanaAlthough recent interest in commercial teak plantation establishment has soared, knowledge of intensive silvicultural management of residual stands is limited in most parts of West Africa. This study evaluated the effects of thinning regimes on the growth responses and pruning... -
Putting the pieces together: woody plant encroachment across a precipitation gradient in southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: David Ward --- Kent State University, USAWoody plant encroachment is one of the most widespread land-cover changes in many countries. We put the data together along a precipitation gradient within southern Africa from 150 mm/annum (Namibia) to 1 500 mm/annum (eastern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa). We found...