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The Amelioration of Pinus patula Mortality on Former Agricultural Sites through Fertilisation: A Bioassay and Greenhouse Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: A.D. Noble --- , South Africa A.W. Schumann --- , South AfricaRecent expansion of the timber industry into areas previously used for agronomic production has, in many cases, resulted in poor growth of Pinus patula and P. elliottii seedlings and in certain instances complete stand failure. A bioassay study was initiated... -
Evidence of Induced Nutrient Deficiency in Pine Plantings on Previously Cropped Lands
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: A.W. Schumann --- , South Africa A.D. Noble --- , South AfricaWidespread establishment failures of Pinus species have recently occurred on agricultural land acquired for commercial forestry in South Africa. These include about 10 000 ha of previously tilled soils in the north-eastern Cape belonging to Mondi Forests. A lettuce (Lactuca... -
Chemical Evaluation of Leaf Fibre Residues from Tropical Tree Legumes—a Wealth in Social Perspective
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: Sunanda Chanda --- Biological Sciences Division, India S.K. Bhaduri --- Department of Chemistry and Microbiology, Jute Technological Research Laboratories, India Sharmistha Das --- Biological Sciences Division, India D. Sardar --- Department of Chemistry and Microbiology, Jute Technological Research Laboratories, IndiaLeaf fibre residues obtained as a by-product during bulk extraction of leaf protein meal from three tropical forest trees viz. Albizzia procera Benth., Dalbergia sisso Roxb. and Delonix regia Raf. were analysed for their chemical and mineral composition. The fibres... -
Effect of the amount of surface maize residue on infiltration and soil loss from a clay loam soil
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: P.M. Lang --- , Republic of South Africa J.B. Mallett --- , Republic of South AfricaSix levels of maize stover, expressed as percentage ground cover (0–75%) were compared under a rainfall simulator to assess the effect of surface residues on infiltration and soil loss on a clay loam soil with a 3,5% slope. Increasing the... -
The effect of tillage: maize residue interactions upon soil water storage
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W. A.J. Berry --- , Republic of South Africa J.B. Mallett --- , Republic of South AfricaFour months before planting a crop of maize, a study was commenced on a well-drained clay loam soil to test the effect of tillage and surface maize residue on soil water storage. Tillage main plots were split into bare (residue... -
The effect of removing maize surface residue from the seed-row on seedzone temperature, soil water and maize development
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W. A.J. Berry --- Summer Grain Sub-Centre, Republic of South Africa J.B. Mallett --- Summer Grain Sub-Centre, Republic of South AfricaEarly maize development is generally less rapid in the cooler soils of tillage systems which maintain large amounts of crop residues (stubble) on the soil surface. However, soil water storage tends to increase with increasing amount of surface cover, and... -
Suppression of seed germination and early seedling growth by plantation harvest residues
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: A.W. Schumann --- , Republic of South Africa K.M. Little --- , Republic of South Africa N.S. Eccles --- , Republic of South AfricaThe role of forestry plantation residues (leaf and branch) in the suppression of establishment of four weed species (Conyza sumatrensis, Trifolium spp., Echinochloa utilis and Lactica sativa) was investigated. Of the three residue types used, Pinus patula residues were found... -
Some observations on rodent and antelope damage in commercial forest plantations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.S. Eccles --- , Republic of South Africa K.M. Little --- , Republic of South AfricaThe impact of various weeding and site-preparation treatments on Acacia mearnsii and Pinus patula damage by mammalian pests was assessed. Browsing by small antelope on Acacia mearnsii was significantly less in areas where harvesting residues had been retained rather than... -
Effect of tied ridges on grain yield response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to application of crop residue and residual N and P on two soil types at Alemaya, Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: A. Belay --- , Ethiopia H. Gebrekidan --- , Ethiopia Y. Uloro --- , EthiopiaField experiments were conducted on two soil types over a period of five years (1986–1990) to investigate the effects of tied ridges and planting systems on the grain yield response of maize to applications of crop residue and residual N... -
Maize cultivars differ in tolerance to imazethapyr
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: L.J. van Wyk --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, Republic of South Africa C.F. Reinhardt --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, Republic of South AfricaThe low tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.) to imazethapyr ((±)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4 methyl-4-(1 -methylethyl)-5-oxo 1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid) resulted in extensive crop damage in 1992/93 due to residue carry-over from resistant soybean (Glycine max L.). Pot experiments were conducted to assess the role... -
Factors affecting runoff and soil loss under simulated rainfall on a sandy Bainsvlei Amalia soil
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Y.E. Woyessa --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South Africa A. T.P. Bennie --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South AfricaThis study was conducted on a long-term tillage experiment that was designed to evaluate appropriate tillage practices for sustainable dryland crop production. Measurements of runoff and soil loss were conducted on a sandy Bainsvlei Amalia soil (88.0% sand, 3.6% silt,... -
Analysis of Spray Aid's residue curve for timing fungicide applications for grey leaf spot on maize
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.C. van Rij --- , South Africa N.W. Quinn --- , South Africa P.M. Caldwell --- , South Africa M.J. Savage --- , South AfricaMaize grey leaf spot is still a problem in commercial maize production, although the effect has been reduced with the widespread use of resistant varieties. It is estimated that, with a yield reduction of 1 %, annual economic losses of... -
Tillage-crop residue management and rainfall-runoff relationships for the Alemaya catchment in Eastern Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Y.E. Woyessa --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South Africa A. T.P. Bennie --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South AfricaA field study was conducted in the Alemaya catchment, Eastern Ethiopia, with the objective of determining the effect of tillage practices, crop reside cover and rainfall characteristics on runoff during two rainfall seasons on a clayey Regosol with 5% slope... -
Effect of tillage system and nitrogen fertilization on yield and yield components of maize in Western Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: D. Tolessa --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South Africa C.C. Du Preez --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South Africa G.M. Ceronio --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South AfricaThe western part of Ethiopia has a high maize production potential as a result of favourable environmental conditions. However, maize production is constrained by non-sustainable cropping practices, particularly plough- or hoe-based cultivation, soil and water loss due to erosion, as... -
The effects of a water treatment residue on grain yield and nutrient content in seeds of common dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Ghadra) grown in a dystrophic soil
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: L.W. Titshall --- , South Africa J.C. Hughes --- , South AfricaThis glasshouse study investigated the grain yield and nutrient content of seed of common dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Ghadra) grown in a dystrophic sandy soil treated with 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 g kg−1 water treatment residue... -
The effect of supplements of crop residues based diets on the performance of steers grazed on natural pasture during the dry season
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: EM AregheoreTwenty-four White Fulani steers, 20-26 months old, mean initial live weight of 270.6 ± 0.5kg, were divided into three treatment groups to investigate the effects of crop residues supplementation on performance when grazed on natural pasture during the dry season... -
An assessment of factors affecting early survival and growth of Pinus patula and Pinus elliottii in the summer rainfall region of southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: C. A. Rolando K. M. LittleHigh initial mortality of pine seedlings planted in commercial timber plantations in the summer rainfall region of southern Africa has motivated research into possible causes. The objectives of this study were to assess whether survival and initial growth of Pinus... -
An investigation into the establishment of indigenous trees on treated mine residue soils in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: NeerajM. Dharamraj --- , WilmaG. Gaum --- Department of Applied Natural Sciences, South Africa Annelize Hildebrand --- Department of Applied Natural Sciences, South AfricaMine residue soils have been the cause of barren landscapes and due to its toxic nature, these soils have proved difficult in establishing any form of vegetation. A selection of indigenous tree species mainly used for the establishment of indigenous... -
The pollution status of Lake Nakuru, Kenya: heavy metals and pesticide residues, 1999/2000
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: WJ Mavura --- Department of Chemistry, Kenya PT Wangila --- Department of Chemistry, KenyaThis study was carried out from April 1999 to May 2000 to investigate the extent of pollution of Lake Nakuru. Water, sediment, fish and algae collected from the lake and its feeder rivers during the dry and rainy seasons were... -
Survival and growth of Pinus patula at two years in response to harvest residue and pest management, in Mpumalanga, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: Carol Rolando --- , Ross Allan --- ,Previous research has indicated that the presence of harvesting residues, post-planting tern perature and rainfall, and insect pests and diseases, are among the main causes of mortality during re-establishment of Pinus patula stands. The main objectives of this work were... -
Effects of temperature on Pinus patula seedlings growing in pots in a controlled environment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: Colleen A. Carlson --- Horticultural Science Department, South Africa Ross Allan --- Shaw Research Centre, South Africa Andrew R. Morris --- Shaw Research Centre, South AfricaThe re-establishment of Pinus patula seedlings into sites with high harvesting residue (slash) loads can negatively affect the survival of these plants. Field trials have examined the role that insect pests and fungal diseases play in causing this phenomenon. Research... -
Machine productivity and residual harvesting residues associated with a cut-to-length harvest system in southern Tasmania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: MR Ghaffariyan --- , Australia J Sessions --- Department of Forest Engineering, Resources and Management, USA M Brown --- Office of PVC Research, AustraliaThe cut-to-length method is a preferred method for harvest of pine plantations in Australia. The cut-to-length method studied in southern Tasmania consists of a feller-buncher, processor, forwarder, grapple loader and tractortrailers that were producing only pulp logs for the plantation... -
A review of management impacts on the soil productivity of South African commercial forestry plantations and the implications for multiple-rotation productivity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Louis Titshall --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South Africa Steven Dovey --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South Africa Diana Rietz --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South AfricaAn overview of southern African research that has investigated the impact of management practices that can potentially affect the long-term site productivity of plantations is presented, with an emphasis of these impacts on soil productivity and with the implications for... -
On a Constant Arising in the Analysis of Bit Comparisons in Quickselect
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Quaestiones Mathematicae • Authors: PeterJ. Grabner Helmut ProdingerA (real) constant that appears as the factor of the leading term of the average number of bit comparisons required by quickselect, and was originally given in terms of complex numbers, is expressed using real numbers alone. A further representation... -
Assessing the effects of early silvicultural management on long-term site productivity of fast-growing eucalypt plantations: the Brazilian experience
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: JLM Gonçalves JL Stape J-P Laclau J-P Bouillet J RangerEucalyptus is the dominant and most productive planted forest in Brazil, covering around 3.4 million ha for the production of charcoal, pulp, sawtimber, timber plates, wood foils, plywood and for building purposes. At the early establishment of the forest plantations,... -
Nutrient leaching under zero tension in a subtropical clonal eucalypt plantation on a sandy soil in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Steven B Dovey --- Sustainable Forest Productivity Research, South Africa Ben du Toit --- Department of Forest and Wood Science, South Africa Willem P de Clercq --- Department of Soil Science, South AfricaLittle is known about the effects of residue burning or retention on nutrient leaching during the inter-rotation of clonal Eucalyptus grown on the sandy soils of subtropical Zululand, South Africa. A study compared zero-tension nutrient leaching through the top metre... -
Integrated harvesting for conventional log and energy wood assortments: a case study in a pine plantation in Western Australia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Mohammad R Ghaffariyan --- Australian Forest Operations Research Alliance (AFORA), University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia Raffaele Spinelli --- CNR-IVALSA, Italy Natascia Magagnotti --- CNR-IVALSA, Italy Mark Brown --- Australian Forest Operations Research Alliance (AFORA), University of the Sunshine Coast, AustraliaBiomass or energy wood harvesting can be integrated with conventional log harvesting (saw log or pulpwood production) to allow more cost-effective energy wood supply. The efficiency of an integrated energy wood harvesting system was evaluated and compared with conventional log... -
Organic carbon associated with tillage-induced aggregates of some quartz-dominated loamy soils in a semi-arid region of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Isaiah IC Wakindiki --- School of Agriculture, South Africa Sarah K Njeru --- Department of Agronomy, South AfricaTillage breaks down soil aggregates exposing the associated organic matter to increased degradation. The extent of degradation depends on the soil properties, mainly texture and mineralogy. The objective of this study was to determine the amount of soil organic carbon... -
Soil fertility and growth of Eucalyptus grandis in Brazil under different residue management practices
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Hemisphere Forestry Journal • Authors: JLM Gonçalves MCP Wichert JL Gava AV Masetto ArthurJ.C. Junior MIP Serrano SLM MelloSilvicultural operations such as soil preparation, logging residue management and application of fertilisers can influence soil fertility, and hence nutrient uptake and tree growth. This paper reports the effect of site management practices of minimum and intensive cultivation of the... -
A review of conservation agriculture research in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Corrie M Swanepoel --- Agricultural Research Council–Institute for Soil, South Africa Lourens H Swanepoel --- Department of Zoology, South Africa Hendrik J Smith --- Grain SA, South AfricaConservation agriculture (CA) is advocated as a sustainable farming method to improve soil health, increase crop yields and food security, while reducing input costs. In South Africa, a country with low rainfall, limited agricultural lands and a large smallholder farming... -
Maize responses to reduced tillage, different plant residue mulch and nitrogen fertiliser on granitic sandy soils of Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Walter Mupangwa --- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Southern Africa Regional Office, Zimbabwe Isaiah Nyagumbo --- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Southern Africa Regional Office, Zimbabwe Eleanor Mutsamba --- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Southern Africa Regional Office, Zimbabwe Blessing Mhlanga --- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Southern Africa Regional Office, Zimbabwe Jefias Mataruse --- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Southern Africa Regional Office, ZimbabweMulching in smallholder conservation agriculture (CA) systems is constrained by lack of adequate crop residues. A three-year study assessed the effects of reduced tillage systems combined with different plant residue mulch and nitrogen (N) fertiliser on nitrogen uptake using the... -
Effect of residue management and fertiliser application on the productivity of a Eucalyptus hybrid and Acacia mangium planted on sloping terrain in northern Vietnam
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Nguyen Van Bich --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Australia Daniel Mendham --- CSIRO Land and Water, Australia Katherine J Evans --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Australia Tran Lam Dong --- Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Vietnam Vo Dai Hai --- Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Vietnam Hoang Van Thanh --- Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Vietnam Caroline L Mohammed --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, AustraliaForest plantation growers in Vietnam commonly burn residues after harvesting and often apply suboptimal amounts of nutrients during plantation establishment. We examined whether the retention of forest residue, and application of phosphorus fertiliser at higher rates, can increase rates of... -
Integrated influence of soil tillage, nitrogen–potassium fertiliser and mulching on pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) growth and yield
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Elvire L Sossa --- Research Unit of Eco-Pedology, Laboratory of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, Benin Codjo E Agbangba --- Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, Benin Guillaume L Amadji --- Research Unit of Eco-Pedology, Laboratory of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, Benin Kossi E Agbossou --- Laboratory of Hydraulic and Water Control, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, Benin Djidjoho J Hounhouigan --- Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, BeninPineapple is one of the most important fruit in the world and its production requires appropiate cultural practices. This work aimed to investigate the influences of soil tillage, nitrogen–potassium (N-K) fertiliser and mulching on pineapple growth and yield. The experimental... -
Response of soil organic matter indices and fractions after 37 years of wheat production management practices in semi-arid South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: T Motema --- , South Africa E Kotzé --- , South Africa PF Loke --- , South Africa CC du Preez --- , South AfricaThe current study evaluated the long-term response of soil organic matter (SOM) indices and fractions on wheat production management practices in the semi-arid region of South Africa. The treatments included three tillage methods (no-tillage, stubble mulch and ploughing), two residue... -
Comparison of soil phosphorus fractions after 37 years of wheat production under different management practices in a semi-arid climate
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: K Ncoyi --- , South Africa CC du Preez --- , South Africa E Kotzé --- , South AfricaCrop residue management is important for enhancing soil fertility and productivity which leads to an increase in crop yields. A long-term trial, situated near Bethlehem in the Eastern Free State in South Africa, was established to determine the influence of... -
Impact of long-term production management practices on wheat grain yield and quality components under a semi-arid climate
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: MK Seepamore --- , South Africa CC du Preez --- , South Africa GM Ceronio --- , South AfricaWheat production in South Africa has declined significantly over the past three decades making the country a nett importer of wheat. Proper production management practices are needed to counter this trend. The aim of the study was therefore to determine... -
Effect of harvest residue management on soil properties of Eucalyptus hybrid and Acacia mangium plantations planted on steep slopes in northern Vietnam
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Nguyen Van Bich --- , Australia Alieta Eyles --- , Vietnam Daniel Mendham --- , Australia Tran Lam Dong --- , Vietnam Katherine J. Evans --- , Australia Vo Dai Hai --- , Vietnam Caroline Mohammed --- , AustraliaBurning harvest residues during site preparation can compromise the soil-nutrient stock in short-rotation plantations, but this practice remains common in northern Vietnam. This study compared the effect of two contrasting harvest-residue treatments (burning vs retention) on soil total carbon (TC),... -
Soil C sequestration and CO2 fluxes under maize-based Conservation Agriculture systems in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Lindah Muzangwa --- , South Africa Pearson Nyari Stephano Mnkeni --- , Tanzania Cornelius Chiduza --- , South AfricaTraditional farming methods deplete soil carbon and contribute to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. We investigated the effects of Conservation Agriculture principles on C sequestration and CO2 flux from two agroecological regions in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa, over five... -
Response of soil carbon fractions in a Haplic Cambisol to crop rotation systems and residue management practices under no tillage in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: I Gura --- , South Africa PNS Mnkeni --- , South Africa CC du Preez --- , South Africa JH Barnard --- , South AfricaSoil organic carbon (SOC) is a major indicator of soil quality and/or health but its slow short-term response to management changes has prompted the search for more sensitive indicators for monitoring short-term changes in soil organic matter (SOM). This study... -
Residue loads in amphibians used as biomarkers of pesticide levels entering food chains in sub‐Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa • Authors: MichaelR.K. Lambert --- University of Greenwich, United KingdomResidues accumulate rapidly in amphibians to reach lethal levels. During previous years in Zimbabwe, total DDT residues from general agricultural contamination were at 3.90 ppm wet weight in Bufo gutturalis and 1.50 ppm in Ptychadena anchietae. Dieldrin residues in the... -
The effect of crop rotation and tillage practice on residue decomposition and wheat performance in the Western Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Johannes Stephanus Theron --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Gerhardus Johannes van Coller --- , South Africa Lindy Joy Rose --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Johan Labuschagne --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Pieter Andreas Swanepoel --- Stellenbosch University, South AfricaConservation agriculture relies on residue retention, crop rotation and reduced tillage. Crop rotation determines residue type, while tillage affects residue load and distribution. Although crop residue retention is often beneficial, residues can create challenges, including obstruction of planters during establishment...