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Role of Eucalypt Plantations in Timber Supply and Forest Conservation in Sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: A. P.G. Schönau --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South AfricaThe role of eucalypt plantations in timber supply and forest conservation in Sub-Saharan Africa was investigated. The annual destruction of 11,5 million ha of tropical forest is highlighted, the various causes indicated and the controversy whether fast-growing plantations and woodlots... -
Distribution, Size and Ownership of Forests in the Southern Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: C.J. Geldenhuys --- Saasveld Forestry Research Centre,Indigenous forest of the southern Cape as delimited on 1:50 000 maps was analysed for distribution, size and ownership in six landscape zones: mountains, foothill, coastal platform, river valley, coastal scarp and dunes. I tested the hypothesis that forest distribution... -
Analysis of Stable Isotopes of Xylem Water from Plantation Trees in E. Transvaal and Zululand Indicate they Utilised Ground water During Drought of 1992
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: J.J. Midgley --- , South Africa S. Talma --- , South Africa D. Scott --- , South Africa B. Olbrich --- , South Africa G.F. van Wyk --- , South AfricaWe investigated the stable isotopic signature of xylem sap of mature plantation trees and the associated ground water at sites in Zululand and E. Transvaal. The survey took place mainly during the drought of 1992. Results indicated a range of... -
Are Pine Plantations “Inhospitable Seas” around Remnant Native Habitat within South-western Cape Forestry Areas?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: A.J. Armstrong --- Department of Nature Conservation, South Africa H.J. van Hensbergen --- Department of Nature Conservation, South Africa D.F. Scott --- Jonkershoek Forestry Research Centre, South Africa S.J. Milton --- , South AfricaSome areas of forestry estates, including unplantable ones, may be zoned and managed for nature conservation. This paper is an analysis of the results of studies of plants, birds and small mammals at Jonkershoek, Stellenbosch, to determine whether pine plantations... -
Suppression of seed germination and early seedling growth by plantation harvest residues
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: A.W. Schumann --- , Republic of South Africa K.M. Little --- , Republic of South Africa N.S. Eccles --- , Republic of South AfricaThe role of forestry plantation residues (leaf and branch) in the suppression of establishment of four weed species (Conyza sumatrensis, Trifolium spp., Echinochloa utilis and Lactica sativa) was investigated. Of the three residue types used, Pinus patula residues were found... -
Ecosystem carbon storage under different land uses in three semi-arid shrublands and a mesic grassland in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: A.J. Mills --- Department of Soil Science, South Africa T.G. O'Connor --- Centre for African Ecology, South Africa J.S. Donaldson --- , South Africa M.V. Fey --- Department of Soil Science, South Africa A.L. Skowno --- , South Africa A.M. Sigwela --- Terrestrial Ecology Research Unit, Departments of Botany & Zoology, South Africa R.G. Lechmere-Oertel --- Terrestrial Ecology Research Unit, Departments of Botany & Zoology, South Africa J.D. Bosenberg --- , South AfricaCarbon (C) storage in biomass and soils is a function of climate, vegetation type, soil type and land management. Carbon storage was examined in intact indigenous vegetation and under different land uses in thicket (250–400 mm mean annual precipitation), xeric... -
Effect of liming and mineral nutrition on growth of honeybush (Cyclopia spp.) plants
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: M.E. Joubert --- , South Africa W. A.G. Kotzé --- , South Africa J. Wooldridge --- , South AfricaA short-duration pot trial was carried out to determine the effects of liming and of mineral nutrients on Cyclopia spp., a newly commercially significant member of the fynbos flora, which habitually grows in acid, low phosphorus (P) sandy soils. Total... -
Honeybush (Cyclopia spp.) response to phosphorus fertilisation and mulching
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: M.E. Joubert --- , South Africa P.S. Botma --- , South Africa W. A.G. Kotzé --- , South Africa J. Wooldridge --- , South AfricaHoneybush (Cyclopia spp.) is endemic to the Western- and Eastern Cape where it grows naturally in sandy, acidic, low- phosphorus (P) soils. The effects of different rates of applied P, and of mulches, on the growth of four honeybush species... -
Production speed effects on log-making error rates and value recovery for a mechanized processing operation in radiata pine in New Zealand
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: G.E. Murphy H.D. Marshall A.W. EvansonMechanized processing operations are complex "man-machine" systems. The impacts of changes to work practices are, therefore, dependent on the effects the changes have on both the machine and the man. A mechanized processor, delimbing and cutting tree length stems into... -
The Effect of Real Price Changes on the Valuation of Timber Plantations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: H. J.E. Uys --- Department of Forest Science,The well-established method which is applied in South Africa to determine the value of timber plantations ignores real or relative price changes. The omission of real price changes from a plantation valuation can seriously understate or overstate the true value... -
Railway Plantations and Railway Sleepers in South Africa, 1910–1937
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: G.H. Pirie --- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies,Plantations owned by the South African Railways in the period 1910–1937 were not an important source of timber for railway sleepers. The plantations yielded wood for other railway uses as well as for use in the mines and in box... -
7. Problems in Using Vegetation or Soil Classification in Determining Site Quality
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: A. P.G. Schönau --- , South AfricaThis paper discusses the concepts of site and site quality and reviews briefly the determination of the latter. Site quality is viewed primarily as productive capacity of forest land, although other aspects are considered also. It is concluded that nowadays... -
Inclusive Growth and Institutions: An Analysis of the Employment Structure of India's Tea Plantation Sector
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Namrata Thapa [d858062e18]It is generally held that though the Indian economy has been experiencing high growth in the post-reform period, it is not inclusive and that certain sectors, regions and population of the country are being excluded from the benefits of growth... -
The estimation of the growing stock of eucalypt plantation forests, based on spectral signatures of satellite imagery, in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: Christoph Kätsch --- Faculty of Forestry, Germany Anthonie van Laar --- Faculty of Forestry,The present study deals with the application of spectral signatures, obtained from multispectral satellite images, in order to obtain regression estimates for the timber volume per unit area. The studies were carried out in South African Eucalyptus plantations. The grayscale... -
Biological processes as indicators of sustainable plantation forestry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: MaryC Scholes --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences,This paper discusses the use of an ecosystems approach in the management of plantations and the concept of plantations in providing goods and services. Ecological indicators are compared for the CIFOR and South African systems. The CIFOR system focuses on... -
The impact of the addition of Eucalyptus grandis wood chips on nitrogen availability in plantation soils
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: TheresaL. Bird --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, MaryC. ScholesThe impact of plantation residues, as a result of clearfelling, on nutrient availability in plantation systems, as well as the difficulties during subsequent planting and harvesting, should be considered in the development of plantation management strategies. The aim of this... -
Biomass harvesting in Eucalyptus plantations in Western Australia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: MR Ghaffariyan --- CRC for Forestry, Australia M Brown --- CRC for Forestry, Australia M Acuna --- CRC for Forestry, Australia J Sessions --- Department of Forest Engineering, Resources and Management, USA M Kuehmaier --- Institute of Forest Engineering, Austria J Wiedemann --- CRC for Forestry, AustraliaAustralia is at an early stage of exploring the use of forest biomass to generate energy. This study evaluated the biomass yield and the productivity rates of equipment for harvesting biomass in a poor-quality eucalypt plantation. The operation consisted of... -
Stand basal area model for Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. plantations based on a multilevel nonlinear mixed-effect model across south-eastern China
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: LiFang Zhao --- Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth, China ChunMing Li --- Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, ChinaBased on a multilevel nonlinear mixed-effect model approach, a stand basal area model was developed for Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. plantations belonging to the National Forest Inventory in China. The database consists of 583 plots embracing 18 different blocks within... -
Growth response at age 10 years of five Eucalyptus genotypes planted at three densities on a drought-prone site in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Jacob Crous --- Sappi Forests, South Africa Louisa Burger --- Department of Forest and Wood Science, South Africa Giovanni Sale --- Sappi Forests, South AfricaSouth Africa's climate is characterised by the occurrence of regular droughts. An assessment of drought mortality in KwaZulu-Natal during 1999 could not provide accurate information regarding the effect of species or planting density on mortality because of confounding species-site allocations... -
The socioeconomic impact of the phasing out of plantations in the Western and Southern Cape regions of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: M Carien de Beer --- Department of Forest and Wood Science, South Africa Cori Ham --- Department of Forest and Wood Science, South Africa Dirk W Längin --- Mondi, South Africa Francois Theron --- School of Public Leadership, South AfricaThis study investigates the possible socioeconomic impact of the phasing out of nearly 22 500 ha of plantations within the Southern and Western Cape regions of South Africa as a result of a decision made by government in 2000. Data... -
Reproductive system and the spermatophoric reaction of the mesopelagic squid Octopoteuthis sicula (Rüppell 1844) (Cephalopoda: Octopoteuthidae) from southern African waters
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: HJT Hoving MR Lipiński JJ VidelerReproductive features of the poorly known oceanic squid Octopoteuthis sicula are described and quantified to gain insight into the reproductive biology of the species. The data are based on 39 complete and partial specimens from southern African waters, collected between... -
Influence of land use on phytomass accumulation in Highland Sourveld grassland in the southern Drakensberg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: TG O'ConnorTransformation of indigenous vegetation for production purposes impacts negatively on biodiversity but does this necessarily equate with a decrease in phytomass accumulation, which may influence carbon sequestration? Phytomass accumulation was studied for common land covers of beef ranching or dairy... -
Renewable energy: the potential opportunities and obligations of plantation forestry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: B Talbot PA AckermanGlobal demand for woody biomass in substituting fossil fuels does, and will increasingly, place significant pressure on timber plantations and question conventional management practices. Plantations are rationally laid out, located in areas of high productivity, typically have good infrastructure, and... -
Growth responses of Eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens to pruning and fertiliser treatments in a plantation managed for solid-wood products
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: D Wiseman E Pinkard T Wardlaw C Mohammed M Hall C BeadleThe responses of Eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens to pruning (removal of 0 or 60% of the green crown depth) in two lifts and nitrogen (N) fertiliser application (0 [N0], 100 [N1], 300 [N3] and 500 [N5] kg N ha–1)... -
Effect of weeding and fertilisation on bark thickness and stem form of seven pine species on a low-elevation site at Usutu, Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: JW Crous --- , South Africa AR Morris --- , South Africa S Khoza --- , SwazilandOn a low-elevation site at Usutu alternative species to Pinus elliottii, the species recommended in the past for such sites, were planted to evaluate growth differences. At rotation age, destructive stem profile analyses were conducted on some of the trees... -
Effect of phosphorus and potassium fertiliser on tree growth and dry timber production of Pinus patula on gabbro-derived soils in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: JW Crous --- , South Africa AR Morris --- , South Africa MC Scholes --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South AfricaA trial designed to determine the optimum timing and rate of application of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertiliser, to mitigate a growth decline observed in P. patula stands located on the gabbro-derived soils (underlying 13% of the plantation area)... -
Productivity gains by fertilisation in Eucalyptus urophylla clonal plantations across gradients in site and stand conditions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: JM de Aguiar Ferreira --- , Brazil JL Stape --- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, USANutrition management in Eucalyptus plantations is fundamental for sustaining high production. Fertilisation is routinely used to improve tree nutrition, providing profitable returns on large investments. Growth responses to fertilisation differ dramatically among sites, however, so efficient investment decisions in fertilisation... -
Image-based reflectance conversion of ASTER and IKONOS imagery as precursor to structural assessment of plantation forests in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: MT Gebreslasie --- School of Environmental Sciences, South Africa FB Ahmed --- School of Environmental Sciences, South Africa JAN van Aardt --- Laboratory for Imaging Algorithms and Systems, Center for Imaging Science, USAReflectance-converted imagery is a requirement for establishing temporally robust remote sensing algorithms, given the reduction of time-specific atmospheric effects. Thus, in this study image-based atmospheric correction methods for ASTER and IKONOS imagery for retrieving surface reflectance of plantation forests in... -
Solid-wood production from temperate eucalypt plantations: a Tasmanian case study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: C Beadle P Volker T Bird C Mohammed K Barry L Pinkard D Wiseman C Harwood R Washusen T Wardlaw G NolanSince 1988, there has been a major focus in Tasmania on research for the management of temperate eucalypt plantations for solid wood. This coincided with the formal transfer of large areas of native forest that had previously been part of... -
Realising the benefit of research in eucalypt plantation management
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: AR MorrisThe development of a plantation eucalypt wood-based forest products industry in South Africa is outlined. Forest research that has contributed to increasing wood production from the ultimately finite land resource available for industrial plantations is reviewed. The application of this... -
Eucalypt pests and diseases: growing threats to plantation productivity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: MJ Wingfield B Slippers BP Hurley TA Coutinho BD Wingfield J RouxPlantations of eucalypts (species of Eucalyptus and Corymbia), particularly in the tropics and Southern Hemisphere, have expanded dramatically during the course of the last 100 years. The nature of these plantations has changed substantially as selection, breeding, hybridisation, vegetative propagation... -
Anaesthesia for transvenous transcatheter tricuspid valve-in-valve implantation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: LJ Du Preez --- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, P Le Roux --- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, AR Coetzee --- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care,The authors report and discuss the anaesthetic management of a transvenous transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement. The conduct of anaesthesia, the challenges encountered and the specific risks associated with the procedure will be discussed. Percutaneous tricuspid valve replacement may be safely... -
Nutrient leaching under zero tension in a subtropical clonal eucalypt plantation on a sandy soil in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Steven B Dovey --- Sustainable Forest Productivity Research, South Africa Ben du Toit --- Department of Forest and Wood Science, South Africa Willem P de Clercq --- Department of Soil Science, South AfricaLittle is known about the effects of residue burning or retention on nutrient leaching during the inter-rotation of clonal Eucalyptus grown on the sandy soils of subtropical Zululand, South Africa. A study compared zero-tension nutrient leaching through the top metre... -
Characterising the diameter distribution of Sal plantations by comparing normal, lognormal and Weibull distributions at Tilagarh Eco-park, Bangladesh
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Jiban Chandra Deb --- Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences, Bangladesh Md Habibur Rahman Salman --- Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences, Bangladesh Md Abdul Halim --- Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences, Bangladesh Md Qumruzzaman Chowdhury --- Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences, Bangladesh Anindita Roy --- Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences, BangladeshFor many years foresters have been using statistical probability density functions to describe and characterise stand structure. Predicting the current and future yields of a stand is essential for successful stand and timber management. Implicit prediction of current yield is... -
Improving productivity and sustainability of successive rotations of Acacia auriculiformis plantations in South Vietnam
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Vu Dinh Huong --- Forest Science Institute of South Vietnam, Vietnam EK Sadanandan Nambiar --- CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Australia Le Thanh Quang --- Forest Science Institute of South Vietnam, Vietnam Daniel S Mendham --- CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Australia Pham The Dung --- Forest Science Institute of South Vietnam, VietnamWe studied the productivity of Acacia auriculiformis plantations in South Vietnam over three successive rotations covering 15 years. The focus of our study was on the effects of inter-rotation management on stand growth and soil properties. Contrastin g slash and... -
A new screening method for Ganoderma philippii tolerance in tropical Acacia species
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Abdul Gafur --- AAA Group Research and Development, Indonesia Aswardi Nasution --- AAA Group Research and Development, Indonesia Muhammad Yuliarto --- AAA Group Research and Development, Indonesia Wong Ching Yong --- AAA Group Research and Development, Indonesia Mukesh Sharma --- AAA Group Research and Development, IndonesiaRed root rot disease caused by Ganoderma philippii is one of the most economically important diseases of tropical Acacia species. Research on field control of the disease has to date focused on inoculum reduction, silviculture practices and application of biological... -
Aspects of reproduction in the seasonally breeding African yellow bat, Scotophilus dinganii (A. Smith, 1833)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: M. van der Merwe --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa N. J. van der Merwe --- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa B. L. Penzhorn --- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South AfricaMonthly collections of the African yellow bat, Scotophilus dinganii, were made in the Kruger National Park. Examination of serially sectioned reproductive tracts of females showed that the African yellow bat is a monoestrous species and that insemination, ovulation and fertilization... -
Modelling primary branch growth based on a multilevel nonlinear mixed‑effects model: a Pinus koraiensis plantation case study in north‑east China
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Lingbo Dong --- Department of Forest Management, College of Forestry, China Zhaogang Liu --- Department of Forest Management, College of Forestry, China Fengri Li --- Department of Forest Management, College of Forestry, China Lichun Jiang --- Department of Forest Management, College of Forestry, ChinaOn the basis of a multilevel nonlinear mixed‑effects model approach, branch diameter and length growth models were developed for a Pinus koraiensis plantation in north‑east China. The models developed were able to better capture the residual variation successfully by partitioning... -
Seasonal variation in diversity and abundance of understorey birds in Bunduki Forest Reserve, Tanzania: evaluating the conservation value of a plantation forest
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Chacha Werema --- Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, Tanzania Kim M Howell --- Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, TanzaniaPlantation forests generally support lower bird diversity than natural forests. However, in some instances the plantations have been found to provide suitable habitat for a number of bird species. In the Eastern Arc Mountains, there is limited knowledge how understorey... -
Shade tolerance and suitability of tree species for planting in rubber plantations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Yaohua Tian --- Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, China Huifang Yuan --- Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, China Jiang Xie --- Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, China Yulong Zheng --- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, ChinaThe rapid increase in rubber monoculture in Xishuangbanna has resulted in extensive damage to its local ecosystem. To decrease the negative effects, the concept of the ecological-economic rubber plantation (EERP) system was proposed. The EERP entails intercropping rubber plants with... -
The implication of using a fixed form factor in areas under different rainfall and soil conditions for Pinus kesiya in Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Darius Phiri --- School of Natural Resources, Zambia Eliud Phiri --- 47 Second Street, Mindolo, Zambia Robby Kasubika --- School of Natural Resources, Zambia Donald Zulu --- School of Natural Resources, Zambia Chisala Lwali --- School of Natural Resources, ZambiaThe study was undertaken to evaluate form factors for Pinus kesiya growing in the three Zambia Forest and Forestry Industries Corporation (ZAFFICO) plantations – the Ndola, Ichimpe and Chati groups – under different rainfall (900–1 500 mm) and soil conditions (pH... -
Intestinal failure in childhood
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: O. Goulet --- Integrated program of Intestinal Failure, Home Parenteral Nutrition and Liver-Intestinal Transplantation, FranceIntestinal failure (IF) requires the use of parenteral nutrition (PN) for as long as it persists and in case of irreversible IF may be an indication for intestinal transplantation (ITx). Biological evaluation of IF is becoming possible with the use... -
Long-term landscape changes in vegetation structure: fire management in the wetlands of KwaMbonambi, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: LB Luvuno --- School of Life Sciences, South Africa DC Kotze --- Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South Africa KP Kirkman --- School of Life Sciences, South AfricaIn wetlands the effects of fire on vegetation dynamics are somewhat uncertain. A change detection analysis in the herbaceous wetlands of KwaMbonambi, South Africa, which were subject to frequent fires, revealed that in 1937 the study area comprised grassland (69%),... -
Cost-productivity analysis of South African pine sawtimber mechanised cut-to-length harvesting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Chloe Williams --- Department of Forest and Wood Science, South Africa Pierre Ackerman --- Department of Forest and Wood Science, South AfricaThe South African forestry industry is experiencing an increase in the number of fully mechanised timber-harvesting systems. Understanding the productivity of these systems, for which data is currently limited for South Africa, is an important step to maximise the utilisation... -
Securing African forests for future drier climates: applying ecophysiology in tree improvement
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Casparus J Crous --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, South Africa Francois S Malan --- 102, 2nd Avenue, South Africa Michael J Wingfield --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, South AfricaIncreasing incidences of drought-induced tree mortality are being recorded worldwide, including Africa. African forests cover a significant proportion of the continent, which implies that African forest sustainability is threatened from a climate-change perspective. This is especially problematic in a developing... -
Mega-trap-plots: a novel method of Sirex woodwasp management on Pinus radiata plantations in Chile
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Miguel A Poisson --- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Chile Rodrigo Ahumada --- Bioforest SA, Chile Andrés O Angulo --- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Chile Fernando Muñoz --- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Chile Eugenio Sanfuentes --- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, ChileSirex noctilio is one of the most important invasive pests that affect Pinus radiata plantations in Chile. Its management is based on a biological control complex, the most important component of which is the nematode, Deladenus siricidicola. However, in some... -
Differences in nitrogen cycling and soil mineralisation between a eucalypt plantation and a mixed eucalypt and Acacia mangium plantation on a sandy tropical soil
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Sogni Viviane Tchichelle --- Centre de Recherche sur la Durabilité et la Productivité des Plantations Industrielles, Republic of the Congo Daniel Epron --- Centre de Recherche sur la Durabilité et la Productivité des Plantations Industrielles, Republic of the Congo Fidèle Mialoundama --- Université Marien NGouabi, Republic of the Congo Lydie Stella Koutika --- Centre de Recherche sur la Durabilité et la Productivité des Plantations Industrielles, Republic of the Congo Jean-Michel Harmand --- CIRAD, France Jean-Pierre Bouillet --- CIRAD, France Louis Mareschal --- Centre de Recherche sur la Durabilité et la Productivité des Plantations Industrielles, Republic of the CongoSustainable wood production requires appropriate management of commercial forest plantations. Establishment of industrial eucalypt plantations on poor sandy soils leads to a high loss of nutrients including nitrogen (N) after wood harvesting. An ecological intensification of eucalypt plantations was tested... -
Use of hydrogels in the planting of industrial wood plantations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Jacob W Crous --- Sappi Forests, South AfricaThe quantity of available water in soil is crucial for plant growth, especially after transplanting as this water will enable the growth of new roots to facilitate nutrient and water uptake. Water absorbed by a hydrogel (superabsorbent polymer) has the... -
Eucalypt plantation management in regions with water stress
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: José LM Gonçalves --- Department of Forest Science, Brazil Clayton A Alvares --- Institute of Forest Research and Study, Brazil José HT Rocha --- Department of Forest Science, Brazil Carolina B Brandani --- Department of Forest Science, Brazil Rodrigo Hakamada --- Department of Forest Science, BrazilMost eucalypt plantations are managed in short rotations (6–8 years) and are established in regions with water and nutritional stresses of varying degrees. The mean annual increment in these regions ranges from 20 to 45 m3 ha−1 y−1 depending on... -
Biomass production and potential water stress increase with planting density in four highly productive clonal Eucalyptus genotypes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Rodrigo Hakamada --- Forest Resources Graduate Program, ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ College of Agriculture, Brazil Robert M Hubbard --- US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, USA Silvio Ferraz --- Forest Sciences Department, ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ College of Agriculture, Brazil José Luiz Stape --- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, USA Cristiane Lemos --- International Paper do Brasil, BrazilThe choice of planting density and tree genotype are basic decisions when establishing a forest stand. Understanding the interaction between planting density and genotype, and their relationship with biomass production and potential water stress, is crucial as forest managers are... -
Role of site in the mortality and production of Acacia mangium plantations in Indonesia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Marcus Hardie --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Australia Nawari Akhmad --- Research and Development RAPP, APRIL Group, Indonesia Caroline Mohammed --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Australia Daniel Mendham --- CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences and Sustainable Agriculture Flagship, Australia Ross Corkrey --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Australia Abdul Gafur --- Research and Development RAPP, APRIL Group, Indonesia Sabar Siregar --- Research and Development RAPP, APRIL Group, IndonesiaIn Indonesia, Acacia mangium plantations exceed 1.6 Mha contributing approximately 3.5% of the country’s GDP. The viability of these plantations is increasingly threatened by fungal pathogens, insect pests, squirrels, monkeys, elephants and wind damage. Studies indicate that the problem is... -
Single-tree water use and water-use efficiencies of selected indigenous and introduced species in the Southern Cape region of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Tatenda Mapeto --- School of Natural Resources Management, South Africa Mark Gush --- CSIR, Natural Resources and Environment, South Africa Josua Louw --- School of Natural Resources Management, South AfricaIn South Africa, the development of a plantation tree industry using fast-growing introduced species was accelerated by the limited extent of indigenous forests. However, concerns about the impacts of plantations on the country’s limited water resources has initiated forest hydrology... -
A productivity model for first thinning of Pinus patula using a tractor and double-drum winch in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Thabo Moloi --- Forest Postgraduate Programme, South Africa Michal Brink --- Forest Postgraduate Programme, South Africa Paxie W Chirwa --- Forest Postgraduate Programme, South Africa Elisha Ngulube --- Department of Forestry, MalawiThe productivity of skidding tractors in intermediate harvesting operations has not been determined in Mpumalanga, South Africa. The objective of this study was to develop a productivity model using a farm tractor in first thinning operations in Pinus patula compartments... -
Dissimilar stem and leaf hydraulic traits suggest varying drought tolerance among co-occurring Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla clones
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Casparus J Crous --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, South Africa Izette Greyling --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Michael J Wingfield --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, South AfricaIn South Africa, there is currently a phenomenon where a Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla clone is dying on a large scale, whereas co-occurring clones in the same plantation area remain healthy. No primary biotic pathogen has been isolated from... -
Factors influencing the production of structural plywood in Tasmania, Australia from Eucalyptus nitens rotary peeled veneer
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: David Blackburn --- Centre for Sustainable Architecture with Wood, School of Architecture and Design, Australia Mario Vega --- Centre for Sustainable Architecture with Wood, School of Architecture and Design, Australia Robert Yong --- Ta Ann Tasmania Pty Ltd, Australia Donovan Britton --- Ta Ann Tasmania Pty Ltd, Australia Gregory Nolan --- Centre for Sustainable Architecture with Wood, School of Architecture and Design, AustraliaHarvested logs supplied from five fibre-managed Eucalyptus nitens plantation coupes with different growing environments were assessed for quality and stiffness. Billets extracted from the logs were rotary peeled for veneer. When averaged across the five coupes, 30% of veneer recovered... -
A synthesis on the impact of non-native conifer plantations on ant and beetle diversity in north-western Patagonia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Juan C Corley --- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Argentina Romina D Dimarco --- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Argentina Déborah Fischbein --- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Argentina María V Lantschner --- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Argentina Andrés S Martínez --- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Argentina Maité Masciocchi --- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Argentina Analia Mattiacci --- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Argentina Juan Paritsis --- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, Argentina José M Villacide --- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, ArgentinaSoftwood forestry with non-native tree species is increasing worldwide and especially in many developing countries of the Southern Hemisphere. Tree plantations are beneficial in environmental and socioeconomic aspects, but at the same time there are recognised costs associated with afforestation... -
Lesion size induced by Chrysoporthe fungal pathogens varies between Eucalyptus species and geographic locations in Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Donald Chungu --- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Zambia Jedrick Siyingwa --- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Zambia Phillimon Ng’andwe --- Department of Biomaterial Science and Technology, School of Natural Resources, Zambia Bertha Chitala Chungu --- School of Business, ZambiaChrysoporthe canker disease is one of the serious threats facing planted Eucalyptus in southern Africa. In order to manage this disease, planting of less susceptible species of Eucalyptus has been promoted in many countries but it is not clear which... -
High genetic diversity of Fusarium circinatum associated with the first outbreak of pitch canker on Pinus patula in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Felix F Fru --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), South Africa Emma T Steenkamp --- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), South Africa Michael J Wingfield --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), South Africa Jolanda Roux --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), South AfricaThe disease known as pitch canker results from infection of Pinus species by the fungus Fusarium circinatum. This fungus also causes a serious root disease of Pinus seedlings and cuttings in forestry nurseries. Pinus radiata and P. patula are especially... -
Financial Profitability of Carbon Offset Monoculture Plantation Forestry on Smallholder Farms in Trans Mara Sub-County, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal • Authors: J. Chemuliti --- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kenya C. Ackello-Ogutu --- Department of Agricultural Economics, Kenya S. Mbogoh --- Department of Agricultural Economics, Kenya P. Irungu --- Department of Agricultural Economics, KenyaThere is growing interest in the development of smallholder carbon offset forestry projects in Africa as a means of mitigating climate change while providing co-benefits of development and environmental protection and conservation. Financial profitability of carbon projects is a key... -
Effect of residue management and fertiliser application on the productivity of a Eucalyptus hybrid and Acacia mangium planted on sloping terrain in northern Vietnam
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Nguyen Van Bich --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Australia Daniel Mendham --- CSIRO Land and Water, Australia Katherine J Evans --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Australia Tran Lam Dong --- Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Vietnam Vo Dai Hai --- Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Vietnam Hoang Van Thanh --- Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Vietnam Caroline L Mohammed --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, AustraliaForest plantation growers in Vietnam commonly burn residues after harvesting and often apply suboptimal amounts of nutrients during plantation establishment. We examined whether the retention of forest residue, and application of phosphorus fertiliser at higher rates, can increase rates of... -
Allometric relationships to predict aboveground biomass of 8–10-year-old Eucalyptus grandis × E. nitens in south-eastern Mpumalanga, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: PB van Niekerk --- , South Africa DM Drew --- , South Africa SB Dovey --- , South Africa B du Toit --- , South AfricaSouth Africa is new to the implementation of climate change policies, and the forestry sector in this country is taking ownership of estimating its greenhouse gas inventories. Improving the level of accuracy of carbon stock estimations calls for the population... -
Effect of harvest residue management on soil properties of Eucalyptus hybrid and Acacia mangium plantations planted on steep slopes in northern Vietnam
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Nguyen Van Bich --- , Australia Alieta Eyles --- , Vietnam Daniel Mendham --- , Australia Tran Lam Dong --- , Vietnam Katherine J. Evans --- , Australia Vo Dai Hai --- , Vietnam Caroline Mohammed --- , AustraliaBurning harvest residues during site preparation can compromise the soil-nutrient stock in short-rotation plantations, but this practice remains common in northern Vietnam. This study compared the effect of two contrasting harvest-residue treatments (burning vs retention) on soil total carbon (TC),... -
Mass trapping of Coryphodema tristis (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) using a sex pheromone in Eucalyptus nitens compartments in Mpumalanga, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: KP Noeth --- , South Africa PM Verleur --- , South Africa MC Bouwer --- , South Africa JW Crous --- , South Africa J Roux --- , South Africa BP Hurley --- , South Africa B Slippers --- , South AfricaCoryphodema tristis (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) is a native wood-boring moth with a broad host range on both native and non-native vegetation and is an important pest of commercial Eucalyptus nitens plantations in South Africa. Management of C. tristis is challenging since... -
Current and potential threat of psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) on eucalypts
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Privilege T Makunde --- , South Africa Bernard Slippers --- , South Africa Daniel Burckhardt --- , Switzerland Dalva L de Queiroz --- , Brazil Simon A Lawson --- , Australia Brett P Hurley --- , South AfricaThe introduction of Australian psyllids to non-native ranges across the globe is continually increasing. This is due to an increase in global trade and human movement, exacerbated by climate change. Several psyllids have been recorded as pests of eucalypts in... -
Harnessing the potential of Precision Pest Management in plantation forests
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Bernard Slippers --- , South Africa Brett P Hurley --- , South Africa Jeremy Allison --- , South AfricaThere are numerous new and emerging technologies that allow for greater precision in forest pest management, from sequencing and chemical analyses to data collection through smart technologies, and integration, analysis and sharing of data across fields. These technologies allow for... -
Fungal genomes enhance our understanding of the pathogens affecting trees cultivated in Southern Hemisphere plantations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: MPA Coetzee --- , South Africa QC Santana --- , South Africa ET Steenkamp --- , South Africa BD Wingfield --- , South Africa MJ Wingfield --- , South AfricaForest pathogens are a major cause of forest disturbances and they have a significant economic impact on commercial forestry. Genomics is an important technology now available for studies concerning tree health, enabling researchers to better understand pathosystems and potentially to... -
Growth and modulus of elasticity of pine species and hybrids three years after planting in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: O Nilsson --- , Sweden G R Hodge --- , USA L J Frampton --- , USA W S Dvorak --- , USA J Bergh --- , SwedenGrowth data and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of 11 different pine species and hybrids were examined at six sites in three regions in South Africa. Growth traits and three MOE variables were measured at three years of age in order... -
The effect of adjacent vegetation on fire severity in Afrotemperate forest along the southern Cape coast of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Brandon Giddey --- , South Africa Johan A Baard --- , South Africa Lufuno Vhengani --- , South Africa Tineke Kraaij --- , South AfricaRecently two large wildfires (around the towns of Knysna in 2017 and George in 2018) jointly burnt over 80 000 ha in the southern Cape, South Africa. Here, patches of closed-canopy Afrotemperate forest occur within a matrix of fire-prone (native)... -
Tracing the distribution of natural enemies of non-native invasive eucalypt insect pests in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Mesfin Wondafrash --- , South Africa Bernard Slippers --- , South Africa Birhane A Asfaw --- , Ethiopia Idea A Makowe --- , South Africa Herbert Jenya --- , Malawi Samantha Bush --- , South Africa Isaac Kayumba --- , Rwanda Alphonsine Nambazimana --- , Rwanda Simon van der Lingen --- , Zimbabwe Brett P Hurley --- , South AfricaEucalypt forestry in sub-Saharan Africa is challenged by non-native eucalypt-feeding insects. In recent studies, six invasive eucalypt insect pests, namely Blastopsylla occidentalis, Glycaspis brimblecombei, Gonipterus sp.n.2, Leptocybe invasa, Thaumastocoris peregrinus and Ophelimus maskelli were confirmed present in sub-Saharan Africa. We... -
Productivity curve models in eucalypt timber forwarding
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Irineu Barros Nunes --- , Brazil Eduardo da Silva Lopes --- , Brazil Millana Bürger Pagnussat --- , Brazil Julio Eduardo Arce --- , BrazilExtraction is the most costly and complicated stage of timber harvest operations. The forwarder’s productive capacity in timber harvesting, from planted forests, is influenced by several operational variables, especially by extraction distance and tree volume. Prior knowledge about the effect... -
Charcoal heaps volume estimation based on unmanned aerial vehicles
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Luiza Marina Esteves de Carvalho --- , Brazil Alessandra Melo --- , Brazil Glauco José de Matos Umbelino --- , Brazil Jan-Peter Mund --- , Germany Jhonathan Gomes dos Santos --- , Brazil Jacqueline Rosette --- , United Kingdom Daniel Silveira --- , São Paulo Eric Bastos Gorgens --- , BrazilThe charcoal stock in a forestry business is controlled based on the theoretical capacity of the masonry ovens (input) and shipped trucks (output). During the year, the company must monitor the stock for accountability reports and internal governance. This paper... -
Density effect on growth variables of eucalypt clones in a Nelder wheel experiment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Franciele Alba da Silva --- , Brazil Sylvio Péllico Netto --- , Brazil Alexandre Behling --- , Brazil Henrique Soares Koehler --- , Brazil Ataídes Marinheski Filho --- , Brazil Cláudio Cerqueira --- , BrazilNelder’s systematic design enables studies of tree plantation spacing in relatively small areas, which is of great interest for forest planning. However, dependence between observations can arise with this method, making it difficult to use classic statistics for evaluating an... -
Changing use of species and hybrids in South African forest plantations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Andrew R Morris --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South AfricaSouth Africa has 1.2 million hectares of plantations developed progressively through the 20th century. These occur from 23° to 34°S, from near sea level to 2 000 m above sea level and in both Mediterranean winter rainfall and summer subtropical... -
Diet of sympatric Gaboon Vipers (Bitis gabonica) and Nose‐horned Vipers (Bitis nasicornis) in southern Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Luca Luiselli --- Centre of Environmental Studies “Demetra” and F.I.Z.V., Italy GodfreyC. Akani --- Rivers State University of Science and Technology, NigeriaThe stomach content of 524 Gaboon Vipers, Bitis gabonica gabonica (53 subadults, 222 males and 249 females) and 392 Nose‐horned Vipers, Bitis nasicornis (48 subadults, 163 males and 161 females), from a number of forest‐plantation mosaic areas of southern Nigeria... -
Secondary vegetation provides a reservoir of non-timber forest products and agroforestry service options for forestry plantation systems, Maputaland, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: AP Starke --- University of Pretoria, South Africa CJ Geldenhuys --- University of Pretoria, South Africa TG O’Connor --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa CS Everson --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaTree species providing non-timber forest products (NTFPs) have the potential to enhance the socio-economic value of forestry plantation systems and mitigate biodiversity loss associated with production landscapes in Southern Africa. This can be accomplished by integrating NTFP agroforestry systems with... -
Cultivation of honeybush (Cyclopia spp.) in neo-colonial and multispecies landscapes of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Sthembile Ndwandwe --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Roderick Juba --- , South Africa Matthew Sephton --- , South AfricaThe indigenous wild plants of Southern Africa are intertwined with human cultures, histories and livelihoods. By focusing on commercial cultivation of a wild plant, honeybush (Cyclopia spp.), an indigenous plant that is endemic to parts of South Africa, we discuss... -
Integrating rainfall data into site-specific modelling to improve forest productivity estimation of eucalypt hybrid species in coastal Zululand, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Morries Chauke --- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Henry Mwambi --- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Antonio C Ferraz-Filho --- Federal University of Piauí, BrazilThis study aimed to develop a dynamic dominant height model and explore the effects of rainfall on the growth dynamics of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla. This species is grown for wood production in South Africa, and accurately estimating site... -
Proxy variables to represent the productive capacity in a forest growth and yield model for eucalypt hybrid plantations in north-eastern Bahia, Brazil
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Mariana Futia Taquetti --- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil Carlos Pedro Boechat Soares --- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil Helio Garcia Leite --- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil Álvaro Augusto Vieira Soares --- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Brazil Gilson Fernandes da Silva --- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, BrazilThe present study aimed to evaluate proxy variables to represent the productive capacity of the sites in a forest growth and yield model for plantations of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis hybrid, considering them in a linear and a linear... -
Effects of forest cover and fragmentation on bird functional guilds in understorey birds in shade coffee habitats of southwest Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Gelaye Gebremichael --- College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, Ethiopia Anagaw Atickem --- Colleges of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia Seid Tiku Mereta --- Jimma University, Ethiopia Luc Lens --- Ghent University, BelgiumHabitat loss and fragmentation, as consequences of anthropogenic land use changes, are the main drivers of global biodiversity loss. In this study, we evaluate the response of functional guilds in forest understorey bird communities to the amount of forest cover... -
Silvicultural intervention during re-establishment to reduce mortality in eucalypt plantations, South Africa: early results
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Ullrich Hechter --- Mondi South Africa (Pty) Ltd, South Africa Keith M Little --- School of Natural Resources Management, Nelson Mandela University, South Africa Julian Moreno Chan --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South Africa Jacob Crous --- Sappi Shaw Research Centre, South AfricaHigh mortality negatively affects rotation-end yield in pulpwood eucalypt stands. Most forest companies in South Africa aim to achieve +90% survival. To ensure optimal survival, companies implement preventative measures such as the use of high-quality plants and optimum re-establishment practices,...