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Psychological Distress in Orphan, Vulnerable Children and Non-Vulnerable Children in High Prevalence HIV/AIDS Communities
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Bev Killian --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Kevin Durrheim --- University of KwaZulu-Natal,The degree of psychological distress and access social support is investigated in children (n = 741) living in nine high prevalence HIV/AIDS communities. They comprised (i) vulnerable, maternally-orphaned (n = 319); (ii) vulnerable and not orphaned (n = 276); and... -
“It can save you if you just forget”: Closeness and Competence as Conditions for Coping among Ugandan Orphans
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Krister Westlye Fjermestad --- University of Bergen, Norway Ingrid Kvestad --- National Child Protection Services, Norway Marguerite Daniel --- University of Bergen, Norway Gro Th. Lie --- University of Bergen, NorwayThis article explores the coping strategies of orphaned children and their caregivers supported by a community-based organization in a Ugandan slum area. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with eight orphans (aged 12 to 16 years) and their caregivers selected by... -
Willingness to care for children orphaned by HIV/AIDS: a study of foster and adoptive parents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Loraine Townsend Andy DawesThere is substantial evidence to indicate that South Africa is facing the prospect of a large number of children, now and in the future, who will be orphaned as a result of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Following the incapacitation and/or death... -
Breaking the silence: using memory books as a counselling and succession-planning tool with AIDS-affected households in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sophie Witter Beatrice WereThis article reviews the experience of NACWOLA and Save the Children (UK) in using 'memory books' in AIDS-affected households in Uganda from the mid-1990s to the present. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with key stakeholders in early 2004, including NACWOLA... -
Developmental vulnerabilities and strengths of children living in child-headed households: a comparison with children in adult-headed households in equivalent impoverished communities
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: David Donald Glynis ClachertyThis pilot study addresses the need to clarify specific developmental vulnerabilities and strengths that characterise children living in child-headed households in comparison to children living in adult-headed households in equivalent impoverished communities. Samples of 10 each of these two categories... -
HIV/AIDS, childhood and governance: sundering the bonds of human society
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tony BarnettThere is a disharmonious resonance between the length of HIV infection in the individual human host and the length of a human generation. In brief, an infected person may have children, these may be orphaned and grow up to become... -
'But where are our moral heroes?' An analysis of South African press reporting on children affected by HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Helen Meintjes Rachel BrayMessages conveyed both explicitly and implicitly in the media play an important role in shaping the public's understanding of issues, as well as in shaping associated policy, programmes and popular responses to these issues. This paper applies discourse analysis to... -
What do Tanzanian children worry about?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mai Bente Snipstad Gro Therese Lie Dagfinn WinjeThis paper explores the worries of children in a sample of 8- to 15-year-old children, drawn from three primary schools on the outskirts of Moshi, Tanzania. Data about children's worries were collected by two methods. First, lists of worries were... -
Beyond liminality: orphanhood and marginalisation in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Marguerite DanielFor children, the death of a parent initiates a rite of passage, a three-stage process: separation from their status as 'son' or 'daughter', a period of liminality with rituals of mourning, burial and interment, and finally re-aggregation into a re-formed... -
Loveness and her brothers: trajectories of life for children orphaned by HIV/AIDS in Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: C Bawa YambaA central theme in the contemporary rhetoric of those charged with managing HIV/AIDS interventions is how to handle and alleviate the plight of orphans and other vulnerable children (OVCs). The many glossy documents describing the policy and action plans of... -
The children left to stand alone
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sidsel RoalkvamDrawing upon ethnographic fieldwork in Seke, a semi-rural area outside Harare, Zimbabwe, this paper explores the social mechanism behind the seeming invisibility of children left on their own and how this form of 'invisibility' challenges established notions of childhood, parenthood,... -
Relationships, partnerships and politics in the lives of the urban poor in AIDS-afflicted Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lynne JonesThis paper seeks to better understand how poor urban families caring for children are able to access help from beyond the kinship group in a setting where HIV prevalence has risen to over 40%. The fieldwork shows that livelihoods were... -
Young Malawians on the interaction between mental health and HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jerome Wright Fred Lubben Mac Bain MkandawirePrevious research has identified high levels of mental health problems among people affected by HIV. This study surveys specifically adolescents in southern Malawi on their experience of the impacts of living with HIV or AIDS on one's mental health. At... -
Bereavement, silence and culture within a peer-led HIV/AIDS-prevention strategy for vulnerable children in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ingrid Van der Heijden --- Child, Youth, Family and Social Development Research Programme, South Africa Sharlene Swartz --- Child, Youth, Family and Social Development Research Programme, South AfricaIn addressing the psychosocial effects of the HIV and AIDS pandemic among vulnerable children, the issue of bereavement appears inadequately addressed. Amid the global discourse on children orphaned and made vulnerable by HIV and AIDS, this paper explores how cultural... -
Positive care? HIV and residential care for children in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Susan Moses --- , South Africa Helen Meintjes --- , South AfricaResponses to the HIV epidemic leading to an increase in the number of residential care facilities for children across sub-Saharan Africa have prompted concerns that large numbers of orphaned children are being placed in institutional care. There is little empirical... -
Health-promoting practices and the factors associated with self-reported poor health in caregivers of children orphaned by AIDS in southwest Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rhoda Suubi Muliira --- , Oman Joshua Kanaabi Muliira --- , OmanInformal caregivers worldwide are faced with the dilemma of maintaining their health and meeting the caregiving demands of their loved ones. This study explores the health outcomes of caregiving, caregivers’ health-promoting practices and the challenges to providing care among caregivers... -
Resilience through participation and coping-enabling social environments: the case of HIV-affected children in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Morten Skovdal --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Norway Marguerite Daniel --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, NorwayMany children and youths living in low-resource and high-HIV-prevalence communities in sub-Saharan Africa are presented with daily hardships that few of us can even imagine. It is therefore no surprise that most research reporting on the experiences of HIV-affected children... -
Safeguarding inheritance and enhancing the resilience of orphaned young people living in child- and youth-headed households in Tanzania and Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ruth Evans --- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, United KingdomThis article explores the resilience of orphaned young people in safeguarding physical assets (land and property) inherited from their parents and sustaining their households without a co-resident adult relative. Drawing on the concept of resilience and the sustainable livelihoods framework,... -
Challenges and coping strategies of orphaned children in Tanzania who are not adequately cared for by adults
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Marguerite Daniel --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Norway Angela Mathias --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, NorwayOrphaned children in poor rural communities sometimes have no adult who is able to care for them or else the adult caregiver is not able to provide adequate care. Tanzania remains one of the poorest countries in the world, and... -
The use of rites of passage in strengthening the psychosocial wellbeing of orphaned children in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Masego Thamuku --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Norway Marguerite Daniel --- Department of Health Promotion and Development, NorwayChildren who have been bereaved in the context of AIDS may experience many challenges to their psychosocial wellbeing. Programmes to help orphaned children are usually anchored in child rights. As the individual focus of rights-based approaches is inept in African... -
Questioning the use-value of social relationships: care and support of youths affected by HIV in child-headed households in Port Elizabeth, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Diana Van Dijk --- Centre for International Development Issues Nijmegen (CIDIN), The Netherlands Francien Van Driel --- Centre for International Development Issues Nijmegen (CIDIN), The NetherlandsThe opinion that the extended family can fulfil its supportive role in assisting child-headed households continues to exist. How these households encounter support, what this support entails, and how they experience this support is an under-researched subject. Most research literature... -
The impact of the declining extended family support system on the education of orphans in Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Pius T Tanga --- Department of Social Work/Social Development, South AfricaThis paper examines the impact of the weakening of the extended family on the education of double orphans in Lesotho through in-depth interviews with participants from 3 of the 10 districts in Lesotho. The findings reveal that in Lesotho the... -
Conceptions of mental health among Ugandan youth orphaned by AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sheila Harms Ruth Kizza Joshua Sebunnya Susan JackThe AIDS epidemic has disproportionately affected developing or low-income sub-Saharan African countries. Within the context of the epidemic, children and youth are at risk of losing their parents at an early age. The experience of orphanhood due to AIDS has... -
Fostering children affected by AIDS in Richards Bay, South Africa: a qualitative study of grandparents' experiences
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Evalyne Nyasani --- , United Kingdom Erna Sterberg --- , South Africa Helen Smith --- , United KingdomGrandparents are increasingly becoming the primary carers of children orphaned by the HIV epidemic in South Africa. Traditional family roles are being reversed as aging family members take responsibility for the physical and psychosocial needs of children. This study uses... -
The experiences of family caregivers concerning their care of HIV/AIDS orphans
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: KE Hlabyago --- Dept of Family Medicine and PHC, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa GA Ogunbanjo --- Dept of Family Medicine and PHC, Faculty of Health Sciences, South AfricaIntroduction: The HIV/AIDS pandemic is reducing life expectancy and raising mortality. An increasing orphan population is perhaps the most tragic and long-term legacy of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. By 2010 sub-Saharan Africa is expected to have an estimated 50 million orphans... -
School and community participation of in-school teenagers affected by orphanhood in a rural South Africa setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Alfred Motalenayne Modise --- Faculty of Education, South AfricaThis study investigated schooling and community participation qualities of teenage learners affected by orphanhood in rural secondary South African setting. Participants were a purposive sample of 30 teenage learners, (female = 60% black = 98%, 12 to 19 years old)... -
Grief-stricken: Zimbabwean children in everyday extremity and the ethics of research
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Ross Parsons --- Dept. Anthropology, USAThe essay approaches ethics and research through a description of the beginnings of a study of children's lives under extreme adversity in the Manicaland province of contemporary Zimbabwe. An encounter with an orphaned child is described, highlighting the presence of... -
Nutritional, immune, micronutrient and health status of HIV-infected children in care centres in Mangaung
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: L. Steenkamp --- Nutrition Consultant in Private Practice, A. Dannhauser --- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, South Africa D. Walsh --- General Practitioner, G. Joubert --- Department of Biostatistics, South Africa Fj Veldman --- School of Health Technology, South Africa E. Van der Walt --- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, South Africa C. Cox --- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, South Africa Mk Hendricks --- School of Child and Adolescent Health, South Africa H. Dippenaar --- Department of Family Practice, South AfricaAim: To assess the nutritional, immune, micronutrient and health status of antiretroviral-naïve HIV-infected children. -
Marriage, kinship and childcare in the aftermath of AIDS: rethinking “orphanhood” in the South African lowveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Isak Niehaus --- Anthropology Division, United KingdomIn this article I consider the significance of marriage from the vantage point of children’s affiliation to domestic units during the era of South Africa’s AIDS pandemic. Drawing on multi-temporal fieldwork in Impalahoek, a village in the Bushbuckridge municipality of... -
Mixed results: the protective role of schooling in the HIV epidemic in Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Alan Whiteside --- Balsillie School of International Affairs, Canada Andriana Vinnitchok --- Wilfrid Laurier University, Canada Tengetile Dlamini --- National Emergency Response Council on HIV and AIDS, Switzerland Khanya Mabuza --- National Emergency Response Council on HIV and AIDS, SwitzerlandSwaziland has the highest HIV prevalence in the world. It is recognised that young women, especially adolescents, are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection and bear a disproportionate burden of HIV incidence. The HIV data from Swaziland show the location of... -
Daily life with early orphanhood from HIV/AIDS: An exploratory study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Asamenew Demessie Bireda --- Faculty of Education, South Africa Jace Pillay --- South African Research Chair: Education and Care in Childhood, Faculty of Education, South AfricaThis study explored the everyday lived life by South African early adolescents orphaned by HIV/AIDS. Informants were ten early adolescents (age range 12 to 14 years; females = 6; males = 4) from a low socioeconomic status neighbourhood of Johannesburg. The adolescents completed autobiographical... -
The feasibility of the draw-and-write technique in exploring the resilience of children orphaned by AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nyika Machenjedze --- Save the Children South Africa, South Africa Macalane J Malindi --- School of Psychosocial Education, South Africa Fungai Mbengo --- School of Nursing and Midwifery,Worldwide, researchers routinely study children indirectly through adults who act as proxies for such children. The call for researchers to rather study children directly and adopt less intrusive child-friendly methodologies has become louder. The draw-and-write technique is regarded as a... -
Gendered adversity and mental health of adolescents orphaned by AIDS in a rural South African community: An exploratory study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Mokoena P. Maepa --- Clinical Psychology Department, South Africa Oluyinka Ojedokun --- Department of Pure & Applied Psychology, Nigeria Erhabor S. Idemudia --- School of Postgraduate Studies, South Africa Palesa Morubane --- Clinical Psychology Department, Vryburg Hospital, South AfricaThis study explored gender differences in adversity and mental health among South African adolescents orphaned by AIDS. Adolescents (N = 121; females = 45.5%; mean age 14.14 years, SD = 2.09) self-reported their childhood adversities and probable mental ill health... -
The impact of orphanage tourism on Bali
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Research in Hospitality Management • Authors: Rodney Westerlaken --- , the NetherlandsThis article deals with the phenomenon of orphanage tourism in Bali, Indonesia. Context is given based on a recent published report by the Dutch government on the impact of orphanage tourism. Findings are derived from larger-scale qualitative research based on... -
Translating research into policy: the case of orphans and vulnerable children in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Olive Shisana --- Human Sciences Research Council, Julia Louw --- University of the Western Cape,Policies are often developed without taking into account social science research findings and recommendations, despite the plethora of such research studies. This is largely because researchers and policy makers often work in isolation, yet if they worked synergistically they could... -
Assistance needed for the integration of orphaned and vulnerable children — views of South African family and community members
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Melvyn Freeman --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Research Programme of the HSRC, Nkululeko Nkomo --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Research Programme of the HSRC,Guardianship within families is often regarded as the most viable and preferred option for orphaned and vulnerable children (OVC). However, this will place a considerably increased burden on the new caregivers of these children. This study examines whether assistance to... -
Experiences of orphan care in Amach, Uganda: assessing policy implications
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christopher Oleke --- Ministry of Health - Uganda, Astrid Blystad --- University of Bergen, Norway Ole Bjørn Rekdal --- Bergen University College, Karen Marie Moland --- University of Bergen, NorwayUganda is estimated to have around two million orphans constituting approximately 19% of all the children in the country. This paper presents findings from a study on the experiences of orphan care among Langi people of Amach sub-county in Lira... -
An enumeration of orphans and analysis of the problems and wishes of orphans: the case of Kariba, Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jaqualine F Mangoma --- University of Zimbabwe Lake Kariba Research Station, Moses J Chimbari --- University of Botswana's Harry Oppenheimer Okavanga Research Centre, Elmon Dhlomo --- University of Zimbabwe Lake Kariba Research Station,In southern Africa, HIV and AIDS accounts for the largest proportion of orphans. Very often the orphaned children become destitute, and young girls in particular become more vulnerable to HIV and AIDS as they try to fend for the rest... -
The quality of material care provided by grandparents for their orphaned grandchildren in the context of HIV/AIDS and poverty: a study of Kopanong municipality, Free State
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Tsiliso Tamasane --- Human and Social Development Research Programmes, Human Sciences Research Council, Judith Head --- Department of Sociology, University of Cape Town,A pervasive argument in the literature on AIDS orphans in South Africa is that grandparents, who often care for their orphaned grandchildren, lack the material means to provide adequate care. This study investigated that claim in an area of ubiquitous... -
Sanctuary or double-edged sword? Challenges confronting adolescents living at Nkosi's Haven in Johannesburg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nkosiyazi Dube Eleanor Ross [d59e26]Living in an institution associated with HIV and AIDS is likely to exacerbate difficulties experienced by teenagers who have to cope with the normal stresses of adolescence. The aim of the study was to explore the challenges that adolescents living... -
A case study of school support and the psychological, emotional and behavioural consequences of HIV and AIDS on adolescents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Olubusayo Aduke Asikhia --- , , South Africa Kesh Mohangi --- , , South AfricaVarious studies have reported a huge increase in the numbers of orphaned adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa and its effects on their psychological, emotional and behavioural development. Yet, their needs are seldom recognised or adequately addressed in policy and programmes.This article... -
On the periphery of HIV and AIDS: Reflections on stress as experienced by caregivers in a child residential care facility in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kesh Mohangi --- , , South Africa Chereen Pretorius --- , , South AfricaFew researchers have investigated how female caregivers of institutionalised children, especially those affected by HIV and AIDS, experience stress. The role played by caregivers cannot be overemphasised; yet caregivers who work in institutions caring for orphaned and/or abandoned children affected... -
Laughter therapy as an intervention to promote psychological well-being of volunteer community care workers working with HIV-affected families
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Irene Hatzipapas --- , , South Africa Maretha J. Visser --- , , South Africa Estie Janse van Rensburg --- , , South AfricaThe study explores the experiences of volunteer community care workers working with HIV-affected families, participating in laughter therapy. Laughter therapy is being used as an intervention to positively influence individuals experiencing various forms of emotional distress. Community care workers play... -
A model to understand HIV-related stigma and the psychosocial well-being of children orphaned by AIDS: a theory generative approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Z. Yassin --- University of the Western Cape, South Africa C. Erasmus --- University of the Western Cape, South Africa J. Frantz --- University of the Western Cape, South AfricaHIV-related stigma has negatively impacted the psychosocial well-being of children who have been orphaned by AIDS-related causes. Response to reducing stigma and ensuring child well-being is hindered by the limited understanding of HIV-related stigma and how it affects the psychosocial... -
Psychosocial support services to enhance well-being of orphaned and vulnerable learners in Eswatini early childhood centres and primary schools
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Patronella Bimha --- Institute of Distance Education, University of Eswatini, Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya --- Durban University of Technology, South AfricaIn Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), the increasing number of orphans and vulnerable children due to HIV/AIDS has spurred demand for psychosocial support services. When the Ministry of Education and Training assumed responsibility for delivering psychosocial support, educators were burdened with the... -
Coping strategies and mental health of adolescents impacted by parental HIV and AIDS in rural South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health • Authors: Comfort Asanbe --- College of Staten Island, City University of New York, USA Maretha Visser --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Anne-Gloria Moleko --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Catherine Makwakwa --- , South AfricaObjective: The study explored whether orphanhood status as well as coping strategies predicted mental health outcomes in orphans and vulnerable adolescents who participated in an NGO-supported programme in rural South Africa. -
Hospitality in volunteer engagement: navigating complexities in residential care facilities for children
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Research in Hospitality Management • Authors: Rodney Westerlaken --- NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, The NetherlandsThis study investigates the multifaceted realm of volunteer engagement in orphanages and residential care facilities for children, as places of hospitality towards volunteers, in low- and middle-income countries. While the positive outcomes of such engagements, including assistance, economic contributions and...
