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The effect of nitrogen on the development and photosynthetic activity of digitaria eriantha steud. subsp. eriantha
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: MaureenM. Wolfson --- Department of Botany, C.F. Cresswell --- Department of Botany,Digitaria eriantha Steud. subsp. eriantha, plants were grown under controlled conditions and treated with different concentrations and forms of nitrogen. The plants showed a preference for nitrate nitrogen, as opposed to ammonium nitrogen, with greater total dry matter production and... -
A model for predicting livemass gain from stocking rate and annual rainfall
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: D.I. Bransby --- Department of Grassland Science,The relationship between livemass gain and stocking rate was established for young beef animals grazing kikuyu and Coastcross II pastures in each of five grazing seasons. The annual rainfall within these seasons ranged from 506 mm to 990 mm. Relationships... -
The production potential of pure and mixed stands of Eragrostis curvula and Medicago sativa on the eastern transvaal highveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: N.F.G. Rethman --- Department of Agriculture (Transvaal Region), C.C. De Witt --- Department of Agriculture (Transvaal Region),Over a five year period pure stands of Medicago sativa and mixtures of M. sativa and Eragrostis curvula have done as well and better than E. curvula receiving 300 kg N/ha, and considerably better than treatments receiving 200 and 100... -
Effects of eight grazing systems on carcass mass gains of steers grazing irrigated Cynodon aethiopicus pastures
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: M.G.W. Rodel --- , Zimbabwe D.D. Parkin --- , Zimbabwe J.N. Clatworthy --- , Zimbabwe B.C.R. Price --- , ZimbabweEight grazing systems were compared on irrigated Cynodon aethiopicus pastures which received 650 kg N, 36 kg P and 200 kg dolomitic limestone/ha, annually. There were either one, two, three, six or 18 paddocks in the systems, the single paddock... -
Production and quality norms of certain grass species for fodder flow planning: Pretoria area
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: J.O. Grunow --- Department of Plant Production, J.W. Rabie --- Department of Plant Production,Four subtropical (Cenchrus. Digitaria, Anthephora and Sorghum) and two temperate grass species (Festuca. Agrotricum) were grown in a replicated field experiment at three levels of N application, with adequate P and K. Species were mown at 4‐, 6‐ and 8‐weekly... -
The effect of tebuthiuron on the vegetation of the thorn Bushveld of the Northern Cape – a preliminary report
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: A. Moore --- Department of Agriculture (Free State Region), J.P. Van Niekerk --- Department of Agriculture (Free State Region), I.W. Knight --- Department of Agriculture (Free State Region), H. Wessels --- ,Two formulations of tebuthiuron i.e. Graslan 20P and Graslan 40P are currently being evaluated in the Molopo area. Tebuthiuron was applied aerially at ten application rates, in combination with two application dates. -
Die wiskundige simulering van koolhidraattranslokasie in natuurlike grasveld1
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: H J Fouché --- Departement van Landbou en Watervoorsiening (Vrystaatstreek), JM De Jager --- Departement Landbouweerkunde, J Booysen --- Departement van Landbou en Watervoorsiening (Karoostreek),Die groeifunksies benodig vir die simulasie van produksie van ‘n Themeda triandra‐grasveld met behulp van die PUTU 11 simulasiemodel is ontwikkel. Vir die ontwikkeling van die model is die veldproduksiedata van die 1980/81 groeiseisoen gebruik waarna dit suksesvol, vir drie... -
Effect of cutting frequency on the yield and quality of legumes and grasses under irrigation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: J M Van Heerden --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Winter Rainfall Region),Four pasture legumes and seven grasses were subjected to a range of cutting frequencies during the 1980/81 season. A wide range of responses emerged, judged by both the dry matter and TDN yield responses of the different species. Whereas two... -
Performance of Medicago sativa under dryland conditions on the eastern Highveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: N F G Rethman --- Department of Plant Production, J J Odendaal --- Department of Agriculture & Water Supply, Transvaal Region, C C De Witt --- Department of Agriculture & Water Supply, Transvaal Region,Increased livestock numbers and improved animal performance based on dryland lucerne pastures requiring little or no nitrogenous fertilizer have been demonstrated to be feasible on the eastern Highveld. With large scale planting of lucerne‐based pasture (25% of arable land) 350... -
The effect of form and level of nitrogen fertlization on the yield of Digitaria eriantha Steud*
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: N.F.G. Rethman --- Department of Plant Production,On dryland Digitaria eriantha ammonium sulphate and limestone ammonium nitrate were superior to potassium nitrate and urea. With reference to the level of nitrogen fertilization it was found that levels in excess of 300 kg N/ha, and up to 400... -
The development of veld assessment in the northern Transvaal savanna I. Red Turfveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: M.H. Friedel --- Division of Wildlife and Rangelands Research, Australia A.C. Blackmore --- ,Grazing‐induced gradients in pasture species composition were characterized for the red turfveld of the Northern Transvaal savanna. A proposed classification of pasture species response to grazing was developed and the influence of state variables and driving forces other than grazing... -
The development of veld assessment in the northern Transvaal savanna II. Mixed bushveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: M.H. Friedel --- Division of Wildlife and Rangelands Research, AustraliaDifferences in pasture species composition as a consequence of grazing were used to develop a proposed classification of pasture species response to grazing, for both the Combretum apiculatum and the Acacia tortilis communities of the northern Transvaal mixed bushveld. The... -
Production of pasture species in the winter rainfall region: Simulation of dry matter production
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: J.M. Vanheerden --- Department of Agriculture & Water Supply (Winter Rainfall Region), N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science,Production data derived from cutting trials undertaken at a number of sites in the Winter Rainfall Region were used to derive equations for the prediction of the yield of a number of pasture species. Inputs into the models include climatic... -
Growth and desiccation of Themeda triandra and Sporobolus fimbriatus in relation to diminishing moisture availability
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: J.E. Danckwerts --- Department of Agriculture (Eastern Cape Region),Water was withheld from individual plants of Themeda triandra and Sporobolus fimbriatus growing in pots in a greenhouse. Leaf extension growth, followed by successive degrees of tiller desiccation, were monitored on a daily basis and related to diminishing moisture availability... -
‘n oorsig oor staande hooi in die sentrale grasveld met spesiale verwysing na digit aria eriantha
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: C.S. Dannhauser --- Departement Landbou en Watervoorsiening,‘n Literatuuroorsig oor die gebruikswaarde van tropiese grassse as staande hooi, in die winter, word voorsien. Die invloed van klimaat op die keuse van spesies en bestuur van die grasse, gedurende die voorafgaande groeiseisoen, word bespreek. Meer onlangse gegewens oor... -
The influence of nitrogen fertilization, spring burning and height of stubble on hay and seed production of eragrostis curvula 1
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: N.F.G. Rethman --- Department of Plant Production, B.H. Beukes --- Department of Agriculture & Water Supply,This investigation, conducted over a three‐year period, emphasized the strong effect of nitrogen fertilization on both hay and seed production. The optimum level of nitrogen, for conditions on the Eastern Highveld being 100–150 kg N/ha applied in spring, followed by... -
The influence of level and distribution of nitrogenous fertilizer on the dry matter production of Eragrostis curvula
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: N.F.G. Rethman --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, Republic of South Africa L.G. vanZy1 --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, Republic of South Africa B.H. Beukes --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, Republic of South Africa212 kg N/ha was the most profitable level. With the probability of poor seasons (when 106–159 kg N/ha was more profitable), the optimum level of spring fertilization being in the region of 100 kg N and the improved distribution of... -
Effect of wilting on biochemical and microbiological changes in Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst) silage
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: Maria deFigueiredo --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Natal Region), Republic of South Africa J.P. Marais --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Natal Region), Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaSmall‐scale laboratory silos were used to study the fermentation process of Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst) silage prepared from grass containing 25% and 40% dry matter. Silage made from grass containing 40% dry matter was found to be better preserved and... -
Die beheer van Amaranthus spp. en die invloed daarvan op Digitaria eriantha gedurende die vestigingsjaar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: C.S. Dannhauser --- Departement Landbou en Watervoorsiening, Republiek van Suid‐Afrika AnnelieS. deBeer --- Departement Landbou en Watervoorsiening, Republiek van Suid‐AfrikaThe control of Amaranthus spp. and the influence thereof on Digitaria eriantha during the season of establishment. Chemical control of Amaranthus spp. in newly established Smuts finger grass (D. eriantha) was investigated. A mixture of 800 ml 2,4‐D Amine+1200 ml... -
Quantitative description of woody plant communities: Part I. An approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: G.N. Smit --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Transvaal Region), Republic of South AfricaVarious descriptive units for woody plant communities are proposed. These are the Evapotranspiration Tree Equivalent (ETTE), Browse Tree Equivalent (BTE) and Canopied Subhabitat Index (CSI), which describe the status of a woody community in terms of potential moisture use, value... -
A comparison of grass and grass/legume pastures under irrigation in the Outeniqua area of the southern Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: J.M. van Heerden --- Department of Agriculture & Water Supply (Winter Rainfall Region), Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa P.R. Botha --- Department of Agriculture & Water Supply (Winter Rainfall Region), Republic of South AfricaTwo grass and five grass/legume pastures were evaluated over a period of two seasons at two seasonally set grazing pressures and under two grazing management systems, involving five and seven paddocks per flock and a seven‐day period of stay. Grazing... -
The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the quality of Kikuyu silage
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: Maria de Figueiredo --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Natal Region), Republic of South Africa J.P. Marais --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Natal Region), Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaSmall‐scale laboratory silos were used to study the fermentation process of Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst) silage prepared from grass grown at three nitrogen fertilizer levels (300, 400 and 500 kg N/ha/year). Kikuyu grass was cut at three and six‐week growth... -
The performance of beef cows on Digitaria eriantha silage
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: M.B. Hardy --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Natal Region), Republic of South Africa N.N. Gray --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Natal Region), Republic of South Africa D.W.A. Mattushek --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Natal Region), Republic of South Africa J.D. Griffiths --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Natal Region), Republic of South AfricaDigitaria eriantha silage, ensiled when the plants were in the late flowering stage (March), was fed ad lib to mature, non‐pregnant, dry Hereford cows from mid‐May to mid‐September. The average daily gain during a 98‐day feeding period was 0,35 kg/cow... -
A preliminary account of growth characteristics and seed germination of Cassia mimosoides L. in Dohne Sourveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: T.D. Steinke --- Department of Botany, Republic of South Africa L.O. Nel --- Department of Agriculture (Eastern Cape Region), Republic of South AfricaAn autecological study of Cassia mimosoides L., which invades mismanaged Dohne Sourveld, was initiated at the Agricultural Research Institute, Dohne. A study of the growth characteristics revealed that the nature of the root distribution enabled the plant to take up... -
The relationship between the nitrogen and nitrate content and nitrate toxicity potential of Lolium multiflorum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: R.J. Eckard --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Natal Region), Republic of South AfricaThe interrelationships between the nitrate‐N and nitrogen content and dry matter yield of Midmar ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum cv. Midmar) were investigated. Data were collected from N fertility trials, from two seasons (1985 and 1987) on four soil sites (Metz, Griffin,... -
The effect of source of nitrogen on the dry matter yield, nitrogen and nitrate‐N content of Lolium multiflorum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: R.J. Eckard --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Natal Region), Republic of South AfricaThree sources of N fertilizer (urea, limestone ammonium nitrate (LAN) and ammonium sulphate) showed no consistent significant trends in terms of the dry matter yield and nitrogen or nitrate‐N content of midmar ryegrass. Ammonium sulphate was found to acidify the... -
Nutrition of intensive pastures in the summer rainfall areas of southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: N. Miles --- Department of Agricultural Development, Republic of South AfricaConsideration is given to the current state of knowledge regarding the nutrition of cultivated pastures in the summer rainfall areas of southern Africa. Research efforts over the years have concentrated on the nitrogen (N) requirements of pastures, with relatively little... -
Productivity of one‐ and two‐year‐old steers grazing Coastcross II (Cynodon hybrid) at four stocking rates
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: D.I. Bransby --- Department of Agronomy and Soils, United States of AmericaCoastcross II pastures were continuously grazed with 1‐ or 2‐year‐old steers at stocking rates between 5.4 and 13.4 animals ha−1 in 1985–86 and 1986–87 at the Ukulinga research farm near Pietermaritzburg. In the first season there was no difference between... -
The presence of condensed tannin in the leaves of Eulalia villosa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: E.W. du Toit --- , Republic of South Africa M.M. Wolfson --- , Republic of South Africa R.P. Ellis --- , Republic of South AfricaThe hypothesis that grasses contain tannin deposits in the leaf epidermal cells was tested using the leaf laminas of a southern African sourveld grass, Eulalia villosa (Thunb.) Nees. The leaf material was assayed for total phenols, condensed tannin and biologically‐active... -
The herbage yield and quality of three grass species on two marginal maize soils at Potchefstroom
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: C.S. Dannhauser --- , Republic of South AfricaA small plot experiment with Digitaria eriantha, Panicum maximum and Anthephora pubescens, established on Valsrivier and Westleigh soil forms, was conducted at Potchefstroom during the 1986/87 and 1987/88 seasons. The yield of P. maximum was the highest of the three... -
The Potch System: An approach to the management of semi‐arid grasslands in southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: R.H. Drewes --- Department of Agricultural Development, Republic of South AfricaA host of grassland management systems have been published and recommended. Whereas earlier approaches to grassland management emphasized the systematic resting aspect, the systems published since 1966 have tended to stress the degree of utilization of the grassland sward. In... -
Relations between woody and herbaceous components and the effects of bush‐clearing in southern African savannas
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: W.R. Teague --- , Republic of South Africa G.N. Smit --- , Republic of South AfricaThe relations between woody and herbaceous plants in southern African savannas are reviewed in the context of pastoral use. Current knowledge is summarized, important gaps are indicated and research priorities are suggested. Although all savannas consist of a grass and... -
Inter‐related floristic changes associated with different long‐term grazing treatments in Sourish Mixed Bushveld1
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: G.N. Smit --- Department of Plant Production, Republic of South Africa N.F.G. Rethman --- Department of Plant Production, Republic of South AfricaEight camps, grazed annually during different seasons by steers, were surveyed. Herbaceous species were grouped into Decreaser and Increaser categories according to their reaction to grazing. The Increaser IIa (light overgrazing) and IIb (moderate overgrazing) herbaceous species were the most... -
Preferential utilization of pans by springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: S.J. Milton --- FitzPatrick Institute, Republic of South Africa W.R.J. Dean --- FitzPatrick Institute, Republic of South Africa C.P. Marincowitz --- , Republic of South AfricaForage utilization by springbok in pans and surrounding habitats was compared at one karroid shrubland site and two desert grassland sites and was found to be greater in pans than on adjacent plains and dunes. Springbok used pan areas for... -
A preliminary survey of viruses in pasture grasses in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: SarahN. Salm --- , Republic of South Africa M.E. Christine Rey --- Department of Microbiology,Little work has been done in South Africa on the incidence of viruses in pasture grasses. The aim of this work was to carry out a survey of virus infections of some of the economically‐important pasture grasses in South Africa... -
Nitrogen fixation of annual temperate clover species determined by the nitrogen difference method
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: M. van den Berg --- , Republic of South Africa J.H.F. Meyer --- , Republic of South Africa J.M.P. Geerthsen --- , Republic of South AfricaThe nitrogen fixation ability of Trifolium vesiculosum cv. Amclo and Trifolium subterraneum cv. Mount Barker in pure and mixed stands with Lolium multiflorum cv. Midmar were compared using the nitrogen difference method (NDM). The percentage and quantity of apparent legume‐derived... -
Epidemiology of ryegrass mosaic virus in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: SarahN. Salm --- , Republic of South Africa M.E. Christine Rey --- Department of Microbiology, Republic of South AfricaThe distribution and seasonal occurrence of ryegrass mosaic virus (RMV) in South Africa was determined. Italian ryegrass plants were collected from eight different research stations twice during the growing season in 1990 and 1991. Samples were tested for the presence... -
Germination of fresh seed of thirty Cenchrus ciliaris ecotypes as influenced by seed treatment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: P.S. Venter --- Division of Grassland Science, Department of Plant Production, Republic of South Africa N.F.G. Rethman --- Division of Grassland Science, Department of Plant Production, Republic of South AfricaGermination tests were carried out with fresh seed of 30 ecotypes of Cenchrus ciliaris produced under uniform conditions. Untreated seeds were compared with washed and shelled seeds. The percentage germination of untreated seed varied between 0% and 48%, with an... -
An evaluation of the problem of volunteer ryegrass in seed production
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. van Staden --- UN/CSIR Plant Growth and Development Research Unit, Department of Botany, N.S. Hendry --- UN/CSIR Plant Growth and Development Research Unit, Department of Botany,This investigation was conducted to establish the degree and means of eliminating unwanted volunteers of Lolium multiflorum from fields used for seed production of a cultivar of the same species. This information is necessary in order to make recommendations with... -
Veld compositional response to fertilization in the tall grassveld of Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.P. le Roux --- , M.T. Mentis --- Department of Botany,The plant species compositional response of veld at Ukulinga to application, over 30 years, of nitrogen, phosphate and lime is reported. Two types of nitrogen fertilizer were applied at four levels with and without phosphate, lime and lime + phosphate... -
The accumulation of nitrate in Kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J.P. Marais --- Biochemistry Section, Republic of South Africa D.L. Figenschou --- Biochemistry Section, Republic of South Africa C. Dennison --- Department of Biochemistry, Republic of South AfricaA study was made of some of the factors responsible for the accumulation of excessive amounts of nitrate in certain Kikuyu pastures. Accumulation, mainly in stem tissue, is the nett result of several contributing processes. Climatic conditions causing a decline... -
The association between residual chlorophyll and grassy taste in black tea
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: L.J. van Lelyveld --- , Republic of South Africa B.L. Smith --- , Republic of South AfricaThe ‘grassy’ taste in some South African and Central African black teas is not up to tea tasters' and buyers' standards. It has been shown by a number of researchers that this taste is associated with volatiles in the tea... -
Soil water use and rooting depth of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in a small plot experiment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: R.E. Steynberg --- Department of Plant Production, Republic of South Africa P.C. Nel --- Department of Plant Production, Republic of South Africa N. F.G. Rethman --- Department of Plant Production, Republic of South AfricaItalian ryegrass is planted mainly under irrigation in the summer rainfall region of South Africa. Irrigation practices are often based on the assumption that Italian ryegrass has an extremely shallow root system. A small plot experiment was conducted to ascertain... -
Water use rate and crop factors of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) under simulated grazing conditions in a small plot experiment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: R.E. Steynberg --- Department of Plant Production, Republic of South Africa P.C. Nel --- Department of Plant Production, Republic of South Africa N. F.G. Rethman --- Department of Plant Production, Republic of South AfricaNo species specific irrigation norms are available for pastures in South Africa. A small plot experiment was conducted to establish irrigation norms for Italian ryegrass. Potential evapotranspiration was calculated by the Penman-Monteith formula. Crop factors were determined as the ratio... -
The response of Italian ryegrass to sodium, lime and potassium on an acidic Natal soil
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: A.D. Manson --- , Republic of South AfricaUnless corrected, soil acidity and K deficiency frequently limit growth of intensive temperate pastures on highly weathered soils in South Africa. A field trial, with Italian ryegrass (cv. Midmar), was established on a Himeville sandy clay loam (typic Hapludox) for... -
The influence of applied nitrogen on herbage yield and quality of Lolium perenne L. pastures during the establishment year under subtropical conditions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: F.R. McKenzie --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe dry matter (DM) yield, cellulase DM disappearance (CDMD) and herbage nitrogen (N) of sheep-grazed perennial ryegrass [Lolium perenne (L.)] during its establishment year was evaluated. Yield and quality were monitored under N applications ranging from 120 to 720 kg... -
The effect of grazing frequency and intensity on the root development of Lolium perenne L. under subtropical conditions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: F.R. Mckenzie --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe root organic matter (OM) per unit volume of soil of Lolium perenne L. (perennial ryegrass) was evaluated over two years under subtropical conditions. Root OM was measured on five separate occasions in four soil-depth categories (0–50, 50–100, 100–200 and... -
Rootstock-dependent soil respiration in a citrus orchard
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N. Keutgen --- Department of Horticultural Science, Republic of South Africa M. Huysamer --- Department of Horticultural Science, Republic of South AfricaSoil respiration is a major contributor to the carbon flux in apple orchards, but very little data exist for citrus. Daytime soil respiration, grass respiration, and grass photosynthesis were recorded in a ‘Nules’ clementine (Citrus reticulata Blanco) orchard on ‘Carrizo’... -
Influence of adjuvants on tetrapion efficacy for nassella tussock (Stipa trichotoma Nees) control and subsequent seedling establishment: a preliminary study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: B.D. Viljoen --- , Republic of South AfricaNassella tussock (Stipa trichotoma Nees) is a perennial grass weed that seeds prolifically, resulting in build-up of a large soil seed bank. Due to it's vigorous growth it has the potential to spread rapidly in disturbed environments and overgrazed areas... -
The response of Lolium multiflorum (Lam.) to applied phosphorus and potassium on a cricket pitch clay
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.M. Tainton --- Department of Range and Forage Resources, Republic of South Africa J.R. Klug --- Department of Range and Forage Resources, Republic of South Africa N. Miles --- KwaZulu-Natal Department of Agriculture, Republic of South Africa C.D. Morris --- , Republic of South AfricaLolium multiflorum cv. Barmultra was used to evaluate the P and K status of plants grown on a smectitic soil commonly used for the construction of cricket pitches in the coastal regions of South Africa. Bulli was treated with P... -
Cattle manure increases soil weed population and species diversity in a semi-arid environment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: S.A. Materechera --- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Science & Technology, South Africa L.N. Modiakgotla --- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Science & Technology, South AfricaThis study investigated the quality of available cattle manure resources in selected villages of the North West province and its influence as a weed seed source when applied to soil. Analysis of manure samples showed a large variation in the... -
The effects of strategic nitrogen fertiliser application during the cool season on perennial ryegrass-white clover pastures in the Western Cape Province 1. Soil nitrogen dynamics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. Labuschagne --- , South Africa M.B. Hardy --- Department of Agriculture Western Cape, South Africa G.A. Agenbag --- , South AfricaThe dynamics of soil inorganic-N in reaction to a single, strategic application of fertiliser N were studied during the period 2000 to 2002 in an Oakleaf soil with a clay content increasing from 10 to 30.8% with depth. Soil inorganic-N... -
The effects of strategic nitrogen fertiliser application during the cool season on perennial ryegrass-white clover pastures in the Western Cape Province 2. Dry matter production
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. Labuschagne --- , South Africa M.B. Hardy --- Department of Agriculture Western Cape, South Africa G.A. Agenbag --- , South AfricaThe response of an irrigated perennial ryegrass-white clover pasture to fertiliser nitrogen application rates of 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha−1 applied in either autumn, early winter, late winter, early spring or late spring was investigated over a... -
The effects of strategic nitrogen fertiliser application during the cool season on perennial ryegrass-white clover pastures in the Western Cape Province 3. Clover content
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. Labuschagne --- , South Africa M.B. Hardy --- Department of Agriculture Western Cape, South Africa G.A. Agenbag --- , South AfricaThe influence of a single application of fertiliser N (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha−1) applied in either autumn, early winter, late winter, early spring or late spring on the grass-clover balance in a perennial ryegrass-white clover pasture... -
Relationships between plant and soil nutrient status and position in the landscape on Pellic Vertisols of Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Lemma Gizachew --- , Ethiopia G.N. Smit --- Department of Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, South AfricaEffects of land use on soil nutrients and related soil parameters of Pellic Vertisols were assessed using soil samples collected from plots subjected to the cultivation of tef (Eragrostis tef) (TF) and grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) (GP) and native grassland... -
Soil water variability in the Weatherley grassland catchment, South Africa: I. Evapotranspiration
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: CW van Huyssteen --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South Africa TB Zere --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South Africa M Hensley --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South AfricaEvapotranspiration (ET) is a major component of the soil water balance and therefore requires accurate determination to quantify catchment water yield. Six-year daily ET was determined at 300 mm depth intervals in the root zone of 28 soil profiles in... -
Estimation of frost occurrence and duration of frost for a short-grass surface
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: MJ Savage --- Agrometeorology Discipline, Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum Research Unit, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South AfricaThe estimation of frost duration (FD) was investigated using dielectric, infrared surface temperature and grass temperature subhourly measurements. Near real-time FD data and information displays and alerts were also made available via a web-based system. FD was estimated using a... -
Estimation of leaf wetness duration for a short-grass surface
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: MJ Savage --- Agrometeorology Discipline, Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum Research Unit, South AfricaThe measurement of leaf wetness duration (LWD) was investigated using subhourly dielectric, infrared surface temperature, dewpoint temperature, grass temperature and relative humidity (RH) measurements. Near real-time LWD data and information displays and alerts were made available timeously via a web-based... -
Grazing behaviour and diet selection of Barotse cattle on a communally grazed floodplain in west Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: RMT Baars JJ OttensGrazing behaviour and diet selection of cattle were studied on a communally grazed floodplain and its adjacent wooded uplands in western Zambia to identify the interaction between basic herd management practices, foraging behaviour and body condition of cattle. On average,... -
Sampling efficiency for species composition assessments using the wheel-point method in a semi-arid savanna
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: BH BrockettA pilot survey to determine the sampling efficiency of the wheel-point method, using the nearest plant method, to assess species composition (using replicate similarity related to sampling intensity, and total sampling time) was conducted on three plot sizes (20 ×... -
The influence of tree density on the grass layer of three semi-arid savanna types of southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: CGF Richter HA Snyman GN SmitThe influence of bush density on the grass component of the herbaceous layer was investigated for three savanna veld types (Molopo Thornveld, Mixed Vaalbos Thornveld, and the Eastern Grass and Bushveld) in the Northern Cape and North-West Province of South... -
Effect of plant height at cutting, source and level of fertiliser on yield and nutritional quality of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum (L.) Schumach.)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: T Zewdu RMT Baars A YamiNapier grass (Pennisetum purpureum (L.) Schumach.) was studied using a 5 x 3 factorial experiment arranged in a randomised complete block design with three replications. The treatments were five fertiliser applications (0kg ha-1 N, 46kg ha-1 N and 92kg ha-1... -
Dry matter yield and quality of five annual subtropical fodder crops at different irrigation levels
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: D Marais N F G Rethman J G AnnandaleMaize, soybean, cowpeas, fodder sorghum and pearl millet were cultivated in a small plot trial under a rain shelter. The crops were subjected to four irrigation levels. The yields of fodder sorghum and pearl millet were better under severely water... -
The influence of nitrogen and defoliation on the nitrogen content of Lolium multiflorum cv. Midmar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: J F Theron W L J van Rensburg H A SnymanThe response of the nitrogen content in ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum cv. Midmar) to a variation in applied nitrogen (0kg N ha-1, 150kg N ha-1, 300kg N ha-1 and 450kg N ha-1) and defoliation intervals (every 2, 4, 6 and 8... -
Fire and the dynamics of semi-arid grassland: influence on plant survival, productivity and water-use efficiency
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: H A SnymanThere is a lack of knowledge concerning the effect of fire behaviour on the vegetation dynamics of semi-arid climates. Arising from this, an investigation was initiated to characterise the behaviour of fires burning with the wind (head fire) and against... -
Effects of sowing rate on growth and protein contents of wall barley (Hordeum murinum L.) grown under Mediterranean conditions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: M K J El-Shatnawi M Turk H M SaoubAccurate control of the seeding rate favours the establishment of a high-quality stand. Improper seeding rates waste seed and reduce potential yield. Our objective for this research is to determine the proper sowing rate for wall barley (Hordeum murinum L.)... -
Seasonal chemical composition of wall barley (Hodreum murinum L.) under sub-humid Mediterranean climate
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Moh'd KhairJ El-Shatnawi LouyZ Al-QurranWall barley (Hodreum murinum L.) is an annual cool-season grass species that grows in areas with a Mediterranean climate. It has potential as a forage source in Jordan. The objective was to determine seasonal chemical composition of wall barley grown... -
Effect of Balanites glabra canopy cover on grass production, organic matter and soil moisture in a southern Kenyan rangeland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: VO Wasonga RK Ngugi DM Nyariki G Kironchi TJ NjokaA study was undertaken in Kenya's southern savanna rangelands to determine the seasonal effect of Balanites glabra canopy cover on aboveground grass biomass, grass species composition, soil organic matter and soil moisture content. The study was conducted during the period... -
The influence of nitrogen and defoliation on digestibility and fibre content of Lolium multiflorum cv. Midmar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: JF Theron HA SnymanThe influence of different N fertiliser application levels (0, 150, 300 and 450kg N ha–1) in combination with different defoliation intervals (every 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks and twice a season) on the digestibility and fibre component of ryegrass... -
Soil seed bank evaluation and seedling establishment along a degradation gradient in a semi-arid rangeland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: HA SnymanThe effects of rangeland degradation on the size and species composition of the seed bank and seedling establishment in the field were quantified over a two year period (2000–2001 and 2001–2002 growing seasons). Soil seed bank sampling was carried out... -
Aboveground phytomass productivity and morphological variability of Tunisian accessions of Cenchrus ciliaris L.
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Khalil Mseddi Lobna Mnif Mohamed Chaieb Mohamed Neffati Maurice RouxThis study assessed the aboveground aerial phytomass produced by 47 accessions of Cenchrus ciliaris L. locally collected in the arid zone of Tunisia and classified into six eco-geographic groups. The extent of genetic variation in five morphologic parameters was examined... -
The influence of tillage and mulch application on the production of Cenhrus ciliaris
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: CS DannhauserCenchrus ciliaris is a well known planted pasture in the dryer parts of southern Africa and one of the most important species in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. For many years it was believed that this species should be cultivated... -
Secondary succession in the Mopani veld of the Limpopo Valley, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: JJ Jordaan DCJ Wessels CS Dannhauser GT RootmanThe long-term establishment sequences of the herbaceous and woody component of the Mopani veld of the Limpopo Valley were studied and documented. Based on vegetation surveys conducted at three enclosed sites at the Messina Experimental Farm during the period 1964... -
The extent of grass species composition in Braklaagte, Zeerust District, North-West Province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: PW Malan S Van NiekerkGrassland retrogression in tribal areas is evident. Long-term overgrazing by livestock plays an important role in grassland retrogression. Palatable species are the first to disappear and are then followed by the non-palatable species. Mismanagement and the incorrect grazing strategies by... -
Chemical composition and in vitro gas production of vetch (Vicia sativa) and some browse and grass species in northern Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: G Berhane LO Eik A ToleraChemical composition and in vitro gas production of vetch (Vicia sativa) and some browse and grass species from northern Ethiopia were investigated. Vetch (fresh cut) was sampled in September and vetch hay samples were taken in October both during the... -
Is carry-over of grass biomass between years important in determining savanna fire regimes?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: JJ Midgley D Balfour N GovenderWe show that the size of areas burned in three southern African parks is dominated by the amount of rainfall in the immediately preceding summer. Considering mean rainfall from two years previous changes r2 values by <20%. We interpret this... -
Re-evaluation of the disc pasture meter calibration for the Kruger National Park, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: N Zambatis PJK Zacharias CD Morris JF DerryDuring routine field application of the disc pasture meter (DPM) in the tall-grass rangeland of the Kruger National Park (KNP), it was noticed that the instrument frequently settles above the bulk of the grass leaf mass, leading to the suspicion... -
Shoot and root biomass allocation and competitive hierarchies of four South African grass species on light, soil resources and cutting gradients
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: HM Ghebrehiwot RWS Fynn CD Morris KP KirkmanWe examined the competitive ability and response to light (shaded or unshaded), nutrients (50% Hoaglands solution or tap water), water (frequent or infrequent watering) and cutting (cut or uncut) of four grass species that differ in their traits, habitat preferences... -
Pilot survey to assess sample size for herbaceous species composition assessments using a wheel-point apparatus on the Zululand coastal plain
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: BH BrockettA pilot survey to determine sub-sample size (number of point observations per plot) for herbaceous species composition assessments, using a wheel-point apparatus applying the nearest-plant method, was conducted. Three plots differing in species composition on the Zululand coastal plain were... -
Dry matter yield and water use efficiency of five perennial subtropical grasses at four levels of water availability
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: D Marais N Rethman J AnnandaleThe effect of four levels of water availability on the yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of five subtropical perennial grasses was evaluated in a small plot trial under a rain shelter. The soil profiles were brought to 100% (W4... -
Effects of season and frequency of burning on soils and landscape functioning in a moist montane grassland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: AD Manson D Jewitt AD ShortThe effects of burning on soil properties and landscape function were investigated in a long-term experiment comparing different burning strategies in a moist montane grassland. Total C, total N, total S, bulk density, plant-available nutrients, and soil acidity were determined... -
The effect of long-term fire treatments on invertebrates: results from experimental plots at Cathedral Peak, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: C Uys M HamerThis study examined the impacts of different burning regimes (fire frequency and season) and fire history (time since last burn) on invertebrate morphospecies richness and abundance. The study was carried out in the Brotherton experimental plots at Cathedral Peak in... -
The effect of defoliation and competition on the regrowth of Themeda triandra and Aristida junciformis subsp. junciformis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: C.D. Morris --- Agricultural Research Council, Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe effects of a cutting trial, conducted to study the combined influence of defoliation and competition from surrounding vegetation on the vigour of Themeda triandra and Aristida junciformis, were evident after the single season of treatment implementation. Aristida junciformis was... -
Influence of nitrogen fertilisation on forage and animal production of a continuously grazed irrigated grass/clover pasture in the Rûens area of the southern Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: J.M. van Heerden --- Department of Agricultural Development, Republic of South Africa W. Durand --- Department of Agricultural Development, Republic of South AfricaThe production of an irrigated grass/clover pasture was evaluated under continuous grazing at a range of stocking rates (20.6 to 35.9 Merino ewe units ha‐1 and two nitrogen fertiliser treatments (0 and 300 kg N ha‐1 a‐1) over a period... -
Implications of changes to the transhumance system for conservation of the mountain catchments in eastern Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: T. Quinlan --- Institute for Social and Economic Research, Republic of South Africa C.D. Morris --- Agricultural Research Council, Republic of South AfricaThe mountain catchments above 2 750 m a.s.l. in eastern Lesotho are a proclaimed Managed Resource Area (MRA) as a result of official concern about degradation of the grasslands of the alpine belt, and of recent parastatal interventions in the... -
Research Note: The use of Lolium multiflorum and uninoculated Trifolium subterraneum as reference crops in nitrogen fixation studies
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: M. Trytsman --- Agricultural Research Council, Republic of South Africa W.D. Stock --- Department of Botany, Republic of South Africa C.J. Otto --- Agricultural Research Council, Republic of South AfricaThe 15N natural abundance and15 N dilution methods were used to determine the viability of using either Lolium multiflorum (annual ryegrass) or uninoculated Trifolium subterraneum (subterranean clover), as non‐fixing reference crops in N2‐fixation studies. The δ13N values for the15 N... -
Research note: Vernalization requirements of Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Tetrone
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: A. Landman --- Agricultural Research Council, Republic of South Africa P.J. Robbertse --- Department of Botany, Republic of South Africa A. Smith --- Agricultural Research Council, Republic of South AfricaThis study was undertaken mainly to attempt to understand why Italian type plants of Lolium multiflorum Lam. (Italian ryegrass) fail to become vernalized in certain climatic regions of South Africa. The vernalization requirements of seed and plants for the induction... -
Research note: Quantification of the effects of defoliation on grass vigour
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: K.P. Kirkman --- Department of Agriculture, Republic of South Africa A. Moore --- , Republic of South AfricaThe quantification of defoliation effects on grass vigour is important in understanding veld response to differential management. Effect of grazing on vigour can be determined by measuring regrowth during the season following grazing and comparing treatments with an undefoliated control... -
Perspective: Improvement in rangeland condition of the Flooding Pampa of Argentina through controlled grazing
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: V.A. Deregibus --- Faculty of Agronomy, Argentina E. Jacobo --- Faculty of Agronomy, Argentina A. Rodriguez --- Faculty of Agronomy, ArgentinaThe Flooding Pampa grasslands situated in temperate Argentina were ungrazed historically, but now support primarily breeding herds of cattle. These extensive, flat, infertile grasslands experience seasonal floods. Although summer droughts are usual, grasses maintain productivity during the entire year and... -
Research note: The influence of applied nitrogen on the root development of Lolium perenne L. one year after establishment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: F.R. Mckenzie --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa C.D. Morris --- , Republic of South AfricaThe effect of different levels of applied nitrogen (N) (ranging from 120–720 kg N ha−1 a−1) on the root development of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was examined at the end of the establishment year. Increasing levels of applied N... -
Effect of grazing frequency and intensity on Lolium perenne L. pastures under subtropical conditions: Herbage production
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: F.R. Mckenzie --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe dry matter (DM) production of Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) pastures was evaluated under subtropical conditions for two years, under five combinations of grazing frequency and intensity, each applied in a rotational grazing system. Simulated continuous grazing (CG) was also... -
Effect of grazing frequency and intensity on Lolium perenne L. pastures under subtropical conditions: Herbage quality
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: F.R. Mckenzie --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe cellulase dry matter disappearance (CDMD) and herbage nitrogen (N) of Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) were evaluated for pastures grown under subtropical conditions for two years, under five combinations of grazing frequency and intensity, each applied in a rotational grazing... -
Effect of different herbage preservation methods on the tannin levels monitored in Eulalia villosa Thunb. (Nees)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: E.W. du Toit --- , Republic of South Africa M.M. Wolfson --- , Republic of South AfricaTannin concentrations in freeze‐, oven‐ and room‐temperature‐dried samples of leaves of Eulalia villosa Thunb. (Nees), as well as undried material stored at ‐70°C, were determined in order to compare the effect of different preservation methods on the tannin levels measured... -
Effect of management factors on tiller dynamics in tall fescue: Tiller initiation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: R.L. Phillips --- KwaZulu‐Natal Department of Agriculture, Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa J.D.H. Reusch --- , Republic of South Africa D.E.A. Cumming --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe effect of plant density (row spacing / seeding rate), nitrogen (N) fertilization, cultivar choice and close‐down date on tiller initiation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), managed for seed production, was examined over two years. In the first season,... -
Effect of management factors on tiller dynamics in tall fescue: Tiller mortality
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: R.L. Phillips --- KwaZulu‐Natal Department of Agriculture, Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa J.D.H. Reusch --- , Republic of South Africa D.E.A. Dimming --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe effect of plant density (row spacing / seeding rate), cultivar choice, nitrogen (N) fertilization and close‐down date on tiller mortality in a dual purpose (forage and seed) tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) sward was examined over a two‐year period... -
Effect of management factors on tiller dynamics in tall fescue: Numbers of tillers reaching reproductive maturity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: R.L. Phillips --- KwaZulu‐Natal Department of Agriculture, Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa J.D.H. Reusch --- , Republic of South Africa D.E.A. Cumming --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe effect of plant density (row spacing / seeding rate), cultivar choice, nitrogen (N) fertilization and close‐down date on the number of reproductive tillers surviving to maturity in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) was examined over a two‐year period. A... -
Influence of grazing frequency and intensity on aerial and reproductive tillering in Lolium perenne L. under subtropical conditions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: F.R. McKenzie --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaReproductive and aerial tillering dynamics in Lolium perenne L. (perennial ryegrass) was monitored for two years under grazing. Reproductive tillers were observed from winter (June) to midsummer (February) with the main period of initiation occurring in spring to early summer... -
Estimating sample size for a small‐quadrat method of botanical survey for application in mixed Bushveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: W.G. Dörgeloh --- Applied Natural Sciences, Republic of South AfricaSpecies density and grass density were measured using a small‐quadrat method in eight plant communities in the Nylsvley Nature Reserve, South Africa. The presence of new species in each additional quadrat was used to calculate sample size. A sample size... -
Research note: The effect of a lactic acid bacterial inoculant on the fermentation dynamics of Eragrostis curvula during ensiling
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: R. Meeske --- , Republic of South Africa H.M. Basson --- , Republic of South AfricaMaking good quality hay from Eragrostis curvula is a risky operation in many areas in South Africa due mainly to unfavourable weather conditions. Ensiling should therefore be considered as an alternative method for conserving the forage. The aim of this... -
Influence of single applications of nitrogen on white clover nitrogen fixation in autumn and winter dairy pastures in south‐west Victoria, Australia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: F.R. McKenzie --- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Australia J.L. Jacobs --- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Australia P. Riffkin --- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Australia G. Kearney --- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, AustraliaEffects of nitrogen (N) (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 kg N ha−1) applied at five different times during autumn and early winter on the N fixation of Trifolium repens L. (white clover) in Lolium perenne L. (perennial ryegrass) /... -
Grass species composition, yield and quality under and outside tree crowns in a semi‐arid rangeland in south‐western Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: C.S. Moyo --- , Zimbabwe B.M. Campbell --- Institute of Environmental Studies, ZimbabweA two‐year study was conducted in lightly grazed areas of Matopos Research Station, Zimbabwe, to evaluate the impact of widely spaced trees on understorey grass composition, yield and quality. The study trees were Terminalia sericea and Acacia karroo. Ordination techniques... -
The influence of nitrogen and defoliation on production and water‐use efficiency of Lolium multiflorum cv. Midmar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: J.F. Theron --- Department of Agriculture, FSR‐E Unit, Republic of South Africa W.L.J. van Rensburg --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe objective of this study was to investigate the influence of different nitrogen fertiliser application levels in combination with different defoliation intervals on the dry matter (DM) production and water‐use efficiency of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum,) cv. Midmar. In a field... -
Perspective article: Simulation models for semi‐arid rangelands of southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: T. Wiegand --- Department of Ecological Modelling, Germany F. Jeltsch --- Department of Ecological Modelling, Germany S. Bauer --- Department of Ecological Modelling, Germany K. Kellner --- Department of Plant‐ and Soil Sciences, South AfricaIn semi‐arid regions, the effects of grazing or sparing management on natural communities of long‐lived plants generally take decades to become evident. Event‐driven dynamic behaviour, unpredictable and low rainfall, and complicated interactions between species make it difficult to gather sufficient... -
Impact of sustained drought on a semi‐arid Colophospermum mopane savanna
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: T.G. O'Connor --- Department of Range and Forage Resources, Republic of South AfricaVegetation change on different substrate types was measured over 15 years in semi‐arid Mopani Veld. Baseline data were collected in the terminal year (1982) of a decade of above‐average rainfall, whilst the period of monitoring was characterised by below‐average rainfall,... -
Effect of clipping on wall barley (Hordeum murinum L.): Tillering and forage production
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: M.J. El‐Shatnawi --- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan H.Z. Ghosheh --- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, JordanThe response of wall barley (Hordeum murinum L) to clipping height at various stages of growth was investigated in the semi‐arid grassland of northeastern Jordan in the 1994/1995 and 1995/1996 growing seasons. Treatments included combinations of clipping heights (5 or... -
Study on the early effects of several weed-control methods on Parthenium hysterophorus L.
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: J Goodall --- , South Africa M Braack --- KZN Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs, South Africa J de Klerk --- , South Africa C Keen --- , South AfricaWe carried out a trial in the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park comparing three herbicides and two manual control techniques for controlling the annual weed Parthenium hysterophorus L. The herbicides 2,4-D amine (480 g ai l−1), metsulfuron methyl (600 g kg−1) and picloram... -
Botanical composition, yield and nutritional quality of grassland in relation to stages of harvesting and fertiliser application in the highlands of Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Z Tessema --- Department of Animal Sciences, Ethiopia A Ashagre --- , Ethiopia M Solomon --- Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Centre, EthiopiaLivestock production contributes to the livelihoods of the Ethiopian people; however, the productivity of the livestock subsector in the highlands is low due to malnutrition. Therefore, this study assessed the botanical composition, dry matter (DM) yield, chemical composition and in... -
Intra-annual variation of arthropod-plant interactions and arthropod trophic structure in an endangered grassland in the Free State province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: F Buschke --- Centre for Environmental Management, South Africa M Kemp --- Centre for Environmental Management, South Africa M Seaman --- Centre for Environmental Management, South Africa S Louw --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South AfricaArthropods are valuable biological indicators owing to strong relationships with primary producers. The supposition that arthropod-plant interactions are constant over seasons was tested using Mantel tests on correlations between these groups. A total of 78 plant species and 108 arthropod... -
Grass-on-grass competition along a catenal gradient in mesic grassland, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: MJ Tedder --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South Africa CD Morris --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South Africa RWS Fynn --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South Africa KP Kirkman --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South AfricaInteractions between mature grass plants and grass seedlings have been found to be both facilitative and competitive. To examine the effects of aboveground and belowground competition on seedling biomass and the effects of soil depth on competitive interactions, seedlings of... -
Effect of a single fire on woody vegetation in Catchment IX, Cathedral Peak, KwaZulu-Natal Drakensberg, following extended partial exclusion of fire
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: AD de Villiers --- Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa T O'Connor --- Grassland Node, South AfricaFire is a key driver in shaping and maintaining grasslands. Long-term exclusion of fire in moist grasslands has been attempted at Catchment IX (CIX) at Cathedral Peak since 1952. Vegetation was surveyed in 1952, 1973, 1986 and 2009. Woody colonisation... -
Challenges and opportunities in the use of remote sensing for C3 and C4 grass species discrimination and mapping
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: C Adjorlolo --- School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South Africa O Mutanga --- School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South Africa MA Cho --- School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South Africa R Ismail --- School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South AfricaChanges in the composition of plant functional type (PFT) activities are expected to accompany a changing climate. In tropical montane grasslands, such changes are predicted to follow shifts in the percentage cover and abundance of species following the C3 and... -
Rangeland degradation in semi-arid Swaziland: effects of dip-tanks on herbaceous vegetation and soil properties
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Solomon Tefera --- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, South AfricaThis study investigated dip-tank use effects on herbaceous vegetation and soil, and relationships between environmental and species variables. Eight dip-tanks, three each in sandy (DPBS) and loamy (DYRL) soils, and two in stony (ROSG) soils were used. Data were collected... -
Post-wildfire regeneration of rangeland productivity and functionality – observations across three semi-arid vegetation types in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Johannes AD Breedt --- School of Biological Sciences, South Africa Niels Dreber --- School of Biological Sciences, South Africa Klaus Kellner --- School of Biological Sciences, South AfricaWildfires can have significant impacts on rangeland productivity and functionality causing substantial economic losses to affected farmers. In August 2011, such wildfires swept through the North West province of South Africa, destroying large areas of grazing and farm infrastructure. There... -
Themeda triandra: a keystone grass species
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Hennie A Snyman --- Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, South Africa Lachlan J Ingram --- Plant Breeding Institute, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Australia Kevin P Kirkman --- Grassland Science, South AfricaThemeda triandra is a perennial tussock grass endemic to Africa, Australia and Asia. Within these regions it is found across a broad range of climates, geological substrates and ecosystems. Because it is widespread across these areas it has great economic... -
The influence of tree thinning on the establishment of herbaceous plants in a semi-arid savanna of southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: G.N. Smit F.G. RethmanThe investigation was conducted on an area covered by a dense stand of Colophospermum mopane. Seven plots (65 m × 180 m) were subjected to different intensities of tree thinning, ranging from a totaly cleared plot (0%) to plots thinned... -
The influence of rest period during the growing season on the potential of four perennial tropical grass species as foggage
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: P.C. le Roux C.S. DannhauserThe foggage acceptability of Digitaria eriantha Steud., Anthephora pubescens, Panicum maximum (cultivar Green panic) and Cenchrus ciliaris (cultivar Gayndah), subjected to three different treatments during the growing season, were evaluated during three seasons (1987/1988, 1988/1989 and 1989/1990). Treatments comprised of... -
A description of rangeland on commercial and communal land, Peddie district, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: L.N. Kiguli A.R. Palmer A.M. AvisAnalysis of a Landsat TM image from a rangeland near Peddie, Eastern Cape, revealed differences in two vegetation indices (normalised difference vegetation index, NDVI, and moving standard deviation index, MSDI) between communal and commercial rangeland. It was suggested that the... -
The influence of sowing rate on the production and growth of wild oat (Avena fatua) in the depleted semi-arid rangelands of Jordan
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: M.K.J. El-Shatnawi H.Z. GhoshehThe objective of this work was to determine the proper sowing rate of wild oat (Avena fatua) in the depleted north-eastern semi-arid grasslands of Jordan. Wild oat seeding rates of 15, 30, 45 and 60 kg ha−l were evaluated in... -
A Protocol for Wildlife Conservation Planning in an Afforestable Montane Grassland Region
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: A.J. Armstrong --- Department of Nature Conservation, South Africa H.J. van Hensbergen --- Department of Nature Conservation, South AfricaThe grassland biome is the biome most transformed by human activity in South Africa. At least thirteen percent of the biome is suitable for pine afforestation. There is a need for conservation evaluations before large-scale commercial afforestation to determine which... -
Geometric Fuzzification
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Quaestiones Mathematicae • Authors: G. Lubczonok C.C. RemsingWe define the concept of fuzzy subobject of a "good" object in an arbitrary concrete category. The approach, called geometric fuzzification, is based upon an appropriate concept of fuzzy point. These fuzzy points are defined on metric spaces which allow... -
Initiating community participation: the stakeholder communication and environmental education programme
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: MJM GabrielUnder the new National Water Act the River Health Programme has Stakeholder Communication and Environmental Education (SCEE) as one of its components. This programme seeks to develop tools to help water resource managers involve previously disadvantaged communities in managing river... -
The distribution and habitat in the Knysna Estuary of the endemic South African mudsnail Hydrobia knysnaensis and the influence of intraspecific competition and ambient salinity on its abundance
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Rsk BarnesThe typical habitat of the rare, endemic South African mudsnail Hydrobia knysnaensis is the leaves of upper-shore Zostera capensis within high-salinity salt-marsh pools and channels. In the Knysna estuarine system, it is the numerically dominant member of a guild of... -
Vegetation composition and structure influences bird species community assemblages in the highland agricultural landscape of Nyandarua, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: P Kariuki Ndang'ang'a --- BirdLife International – Africa Partnership Secretariat, Kenya John BM Njoroge --- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya Mwangi Githiru --- Ornithology Section, KenyaWe examined the effects of vegetation composition and structure on bird species diversity and richness of foraging guilds in the highland agricultural landscape of Nyandarua, Kenya. Bird point counts and vegetation surveys were undertaken during four sampling periods. Linear mixed... -
Treatment Effects on Annual and Dry Period Streamflow at Cathedral Peak
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: J.M. Bosch --- Department of Forestry,Total annual streamflow and dry season flows of treated catchments at Cathedral Peak, Natal, were compared and related to those of index catchments. -
Factors Affecting the Timing of Grassland Regrowth after Fire in the Montane Grasslands of Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: C.S. Everson --- , South Africa TheresaM. Everson --- , South AfricaRecent research has indicated that burning Highland Sourveld once growth has been initiated increases grass tiller mortality. Present burning prescriptions could therefore be improved by an insight into the factors controlling the initiation of grass growth in spring. It was... -
Curing Rates in the Grass Sward of the Highland Sourveld in the Natal Drakensberg
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: TheresaM. Everson --- , C.S. Everson --- , H.M. Dicks --- , A.G. Poulter --- ,Data on the curing rates of one, two and three-year-old grassland are presented. Curing is initiated at the end of April and progresses rapidly up to the middle of May. By June the grasses are 95 % cured, increasing the... -
Interactions between Zostera capensis, Callianassa kraussi and Upogebia africana: deductions from field surveys in Langebaan Lagoon, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: T Siebert GM BranchCallianassid sandprawns and eelgrasses have been postulated to have mutually negative effects on each other. The relationship between Callianassa kraussi and Zostera capensis was investigated in Langebaan Lagoon on the west coast of South Africa by correlative field surveys. Seven... -
Interactions between Zostera capensis and Callianassa kraussi: influences on community composition of eelgrass beds and sandflats
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: T Siebert GM BranchEelgrass beds have been postulated to support different faunal communities from unvegetated sandflats, in part because of the stabilisation of sediments in eelgrass beds and their destabilisation in sandflats due to bioturbation. More specifically, eelgrass beds have been hypothesised to... -
Plant traits and spread of the invasive salt marsh grass, Spartina alterniflora Loisel., in the Great Brak Estuary, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: JB Adams --- Department of Botany, South Africa A Grobler --- Department of Botany, South Africa C Rowe --- Department of Botany, South Africa T Riddin --- Department of Botany, South Africa TG Bornman --- , South Africa DR Ayres --- Evolution and Ecology, USASpartina alterniflora Loisel., widely recognised as an aggressive invader of estuaries and salt marshes around the world, was discovered growing in the temporarily open/closed Great Brak Estuary on the southern Cape coast of South Africa in 2004. This is the... -
Role of the source community for the recovery of seagrass associated meiofauna: a field colonisation experiment with seagrass mimics in Diani Beach, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: LN Daudi --- , Kenya JN Uku --- , Kenya M De Troch --- Biology Department, Marine Biology, BelgiumSeagrass communities are subject to frequent disturbances that can affect the associated fauna. Seagrass loss in Kenya has been mainly due to extensive grazing by the sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla, leading to habitat fragmentation. The challenge is whether the system... -
Frugality, Grassroots and Inclusiveness: New Challenges for Mainstream Innovation Theories
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Mario Pansera --- University of Exeter Business School, UKIntriguing and provocative concepts such as frugal innovation, Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) innovation, empathetic innovation and inclusive innovation are attracting the attention of many scholars in emerging countries as well as raising concern in Western countries. These notions are... -
Intrusion of beach-disposed dredger spoil into the Mhlathuze Estuary, South Africa, and its impact on Zostera capensis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: DP Cyrus CF MacKay SP WeertsPort expansion at Richards Bay on the east coast of South Africa between 1996 and 1999 required the disposal of some 5,998,429 m3 of dredge spoil. This was deposited via a pipeline onto the adjacent beach and spilled into the... -
Kikuyu over-sown with ryegrass and clover: dry matter production, botanical composition and nutritional value
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: PR Botha R Meeske HA SnymanThe seasonality of growth and low nutritional value of kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) pasture restrict milk production. The aim of the study was to determine the dry matter yield, botanical composition and nutritional value of irrigated kikuyu over-sown with annual ryegrass... -
Kikuyu over-sown with ryegrass and clover: grazing capacity, milk production and milk composition
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: PR Botha R Meeske HA SnymanThe high dry matter yield of kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) under favourable conditions supports high stocking rates and milk production per hectare. However, the quality of kikuyu is generally low and consequently the milk production per cow is also low. The... -
The effect of mulching and fertilising on growth of over-sown grass species in degraded rangeland in north-eastern Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Kidane Gebremeskel PJ PieterseA study to investigate oversowing of grass species as a restoration strategy in severely degraded rangeland was carried out in the Allaidege rangeland in north-eastern Ethiopia. Locally collected seeds of three grass species (Enteropogon rupestris, Ischaemum afrum and Tragus berteronianus)... -
Chemical composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation of selected grasses in the semiarid savannas of Swaziland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: S Tefera V Mlambo BJ Dlamini AM Dlamini KDN Koralagama FL MouldLittle is known about the grass species type, composition and nutritive value in the semiarid savannas that sustain most of Swaziland's cattle population through the seven-month-long dry season. This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional characteristics of grasses collected... -
Vegetative traits predict grass species' invasiveness and the invasibility of restored grassland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: RWS Fynn --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South Africa PD Wragg --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South Africa CD Morris --- Agricultural Research Council, South Africa KP Kirkman --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South Africa J Naiken --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South AfricaUnderstanding how grass species' traits relate to their invasiveness and the invasibility of their monocultures can inform restoration of diverse grassland. We measured vegetative traits for 18 bunch grass species local to Pietermaritzburg (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) and measured their competitive... -
Early survival and growth of vegetatively propagated indigenous grasses in a clear-felled timber plantation in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: JCO du Toit --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South AfricaTransformation of natural landscapes can result in the local extinction of many plant species. If the new land use is discontinued, many original species will not recolonise the area, necessitating their reintroduction for rehabilitation purposes. One method is to fragment... -
Testing pelargonic acid and pyraflufen-ethyl with glyphosate as alternatives to paraquat dichloride for the preparation of fire-break tracer lines at Underberg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Keith M Little --- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa Ryan Nadel --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South AfricaOver the past 31-year period, about 18 700 ha annum−1 of planted forests in South Africa have been lost through fire. In forested areas where the risk of fire entering compartments is always high, fire-break tracer lines are prepared by... -
Association of the pitch canker pathogen Fusarium circinatum with grass hosts in commercial pine production areas of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Cassandra L Swett --- Department of Plant Pathology, USA Bernice Porter --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Gerda Fourie --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Emma T Steenkamp --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Thomas R Gordon --- Department of Plant Pathology, USA Michael J Wingfield --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South AfricaThe pitch canker pathogen, Fusarium circinatum, has major impacts on production in pine nurseries and plantations in South Africa. Thus far, efforts to reduce local spread have focused on rouging of infected pines and sanitation to eliminate local sources of... -
The future of warm-season, tropical and subtropical forage legumes in sustainable pastures and rangelands
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: James P Muir --- Borlaug Institute, South Africa William D Pitman --- Hill Farm Research Station, USA Jose C Dubeux --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil Jamie L Foster --- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, USAForage legumes have the potential to contribute substantially to warm-season, subtropical and tropical pastures and rangelands. Compared to grasses, they have advantages in accessing subsoil nutrients and moisture; legumes typically concentrate protein in forage, even in infertile soils, and they... -
Jugaad to grassroot innovations: understanding the landscape of the informal sector innovations in India
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Hemant Kumar --- Centre for Studies in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy, India Saradindu Bhaduri --- Centre for Studies in Science Policy, IndiaIronically, the phenomenal growth in the academic literature on innovation in recent years has omitted the innovative activities in the informal sector. There is no doubt that the informal sector occupies a key position in the economic activities of many... -
Dynamic networks of grassroots innovators in India
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Hemant Kumar --- Center for Studies in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy, Central University of Gujarat, India‘Grassroots innovations’ in India are receiving increasing attention from innovation scholars and policymakers alike. These innovations are individual or community efforts to solve the problems faced in one's daily life. Moreover, rather than responding to any ‘potential market’ demand, these... -
Temporal changes in the macrobenthos of sandprawn (Callichirus kraussi) beds in Swartvlei Estuary, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Nicholas Hanekom --- South African National Parks, South Africa Ian A Russell --- South African National Parks, South AfricaWater quality was recorded quarterly along the length of the Swartvlei estuary (2002–2014), while seagrass biomass and macrobenthic abundance were measured annually in intertidal sandprawn beds (2009–2014). Despite relatively stable, marine-dominated conditions the abundance of the sandprawn Callichirus kraussi recorded... -
Effect of burn area on invertebrate recolonization in grasslands in the Drakensberg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Charmaine Uys --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Michelle Hamer --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Robert Slotow --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaOur study examined the short-term response of grassland invertebrate communities to fire in the South African Drakensberg, in relation to distance from the edge of a burn. We aimed to establish which species survive fire and the dynamics of the... -
Grassland bird response to vegetation structural heterogeneity and clearing of invasive bramble
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Chevonne Reynolds --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Craig T. Symes --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaSpatial and temporal patterns of disturbance and the subsequent heterogeneity are critical in maintaining biodiversity within grassland ecosystems. Grassland birds have evolved within this ‘shifting mosaic’ to become reliant on specific habitat characteristics maintained under varying levels of both natural... -
Fire effects on vegetation in a grassy dwarf shrubland at a site in the eastern Karoo, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Justin CO du Toit --- Grootfontein Agricultural Development Institute, South Africa Loraine van den Berg --- Grootfontein Agricultural Development Institute, South Africa Tim G O'Connor --- South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), South AfricaFire is rare in semi-arid eastern Karoo dwarf shrublands, South Africa, and responses to fire are largely unknown. Recent increased grassiness, and hence fuel loads, at Grootfontein in the Eastern Cape allowed an accidental fire (24.3 ha) to carry, and... -
The role of reproduction in Glyceria maxima invasion
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Lutendo F Mugwedi --- Agricultural Research Council–Plant Protection Research Institute, South Africa Jeremy Goodall --- Agricultural Research Council–Plant Protection Research Institute, South Africa Edward TF Witkowski --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa Marcus J Byrne --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South AfricaGlyceria maxima (Poaceae) is regarded as one of the most invasive grasses worldwide, but has only recently become naturalised in South Africa after its intentional introduction as a fodder crop in the 1940s. It invades seasonally inundated habitats. The primary... -
Predation drives nesting success in moist highland grasslands: the importance of maintaining vegetation cover for bird conservation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Ian T Little --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Philip AR Hockey --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Raymond Jansen --- Department of Environmental, Water and Earth Sciences, South AfricaBy focusing on process-oriented data rather than inventory-type data, this study provides a robust understanding of the effects of agricultural management on grassland bird reproductive output in the moist highland grasslands (MHGs) of South Africa. Four-hundred and four nests of... -
Seasonal dry matter production, botanical composition and forage quality of kikuyu over-sown with annual or perennial ryegrass
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Janke van der Colf --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, South Africa Philip R Botha --- Western Cape Department of Agriculture, South Africa Robin Meeske --- Western Cape Department of Agriculture, South Africa Wayne F Truter --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, South AfricaThe seasonal growth and low forage quality of kikuyu restrict milk production. The aim of this study was to determine the yield and nutritional value of irrigated kikuyu over-sown with perennial, Italian or Westerwolds ryegrass grazed by dairy cows. The... -
Production potential of Italian and Westerwolds ryegrass established at different planting dates
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Philip R Botha --- Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Outeniqua Research Farm, South Africa Lethu B Zulu --- Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Outeniqua Research Farm, South Africa Janke van der Colf --- Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Outeniqua Research Farm, South Africa Pieter A Swanepoel --- Department of Agronomy, South AfricaFodder flow planning is essential for dairy-pasture systems because its implementation allows fodder to be available throughout the year. Italian and Westerwolds ryegrass varieties (Lolium multiflorum var. italicum and westerwoldicum, respectively) are temperate annuals often planted in the southern Cape... -
Effect of Planting Material and Variety on Productivity and Survival of Napier Grass (pennisetum purpureum schumach) in the Coastal Lowlands of Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal • Authors: A. Ramadhan --- Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Kenya M. N. Njunie --- Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Kenya K. K. Lewa --- Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, KenyaA study to determine a suitable planting method for multiplication of planting materials of Napier grass varieties was done at the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI) Msabaha in coastal lowland (CL) agro-ecological zone 4 (CL4). The experimental design was split-plot... -
Visual obstruction as a method to quantify herbaceous biomass in southern African semi-arid savannas
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Dave Joubert --- Polytechnic of Namibia, Namibia Larkin A Powell --- School of Natural Resources, USA Walter H Schacht --- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, USABiomass of aboveground vegetation is a useful descriptor for studies of grazing, fire and wildlife habitat use in grassland systems. The traditional method to estimate biomass, hand-clipping, is time intensive and other indices of biomass have been used successfully. In... -
A survey for the Critically Endangered Liben Lark Heteromirafra archeri in Somaliland, north-western Somalia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Michael SL Mills --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Callan Cohen --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Julian Francis --- Tolpuddle Manor, UK Claire N Spottiswoode --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South AfricaThe Critically Endangered Archer's Lark (now Liben Lark) Heteromirafra archeri was formerly considered to be endemic to north-western Somalia and known only from the Tog Wajaale Plain, where 18 specimens were collected between 1918 and 1922. Fifteen visits between 1970... -
The impact of livestock grazing management systems on soil and vegetation characteristics across savanna ecosystems in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Olaotswe E Kgosikoma --- Department of Agricultural Research, Botswana Witness Mojeremane --- Botswana College of Agriculture, Botswana Barbra Harvie --- University of Edinburgh, UKThe objective of this study was to determine the impact of livestock grazing management systems on soil and vegetation dynamics under different environmental conditions of Botswana. Soil and vegetation were randomly sampled along transects located in three ranches and adjacent... -
Post-fire vegetative recruitment of the alien grass Glyceria maxima at a KwaZulu-Natal Midlands dam, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: LF Mugwedi --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa JM Goodall --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa ETF Witkowski --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa MJ Byrne --- Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, South AfricaAn accidental fire at a site where the reproductive behaviour of Glyceria maxima was being investigated provided an opportunity to measure its effect on G. maxima vegetative recruitment. The fire burned G. maxima growing along the water's edge and down... -
The nearest-plant method is robust and powerful enough for different survey teams to monitor change in mesic grassland species composition
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Alan Short --- Themeda Eco Consulting, South Africa Craig Morris --- Agricultural Research Council–Livestock Business Division, Range and Forage Unit, c/o School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, South AfricaA long-term rangeland monitoring programme needs to employ a field survey technique that is practicable, precise, powerful enough to distinguish change, not prone to worker bias, and able to distinguish real change from operator error arising from staff turnover. These... -
Alternative substrates for cultivating oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Mashudu R Masevhe --- Agricultural Research Council–Institute for Tropical and Subtropical Crops, South Africa Puffy Soundy --- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Science, South Africa Nicolette J Taylor --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, South AfricaWheat straw has generally been used as the main substrate for cultivating oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus); however, in South Africa it is becoming expensive for small-scale farmers to utilise. Therefore, the main objective of the study was to investigate the... -
Soil carbon dioxide effluxes from different vegetation environments in semi-arid Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Rebecca Zengeni --- Soil Sciences Department, South Africa Vincent Kakembo --- Department of Geosciences, South Africa Nsalambi Nkongolo --- Centre of Excellence for Geospatial Information Science, USAThough important, CO2 effluxes from non-agricultural ecosystems are poorly characterised. Given that thicket vegetation is prevalent in Eastern Cape, South Africa, we monitored soil CO2 effluxes from an intact thicket, degraded thicket (DT) and grassland (G) over 10 months, as... -
Fatty acids in beef from grain- and grass-fed cattle: the unique South African scenario
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: N Hall --- Research Consultant Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, HC Schönfeldt --- Research Consultant Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, B Pretorius --- Research Consultant Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences,Objective: Different fatty acids elicit different responses in the human body once ingested. Although red meat is often considered to be a source of fatty acids which has a negative impact on human health, many studies have reflected variability in... -
Diversity and distribution of seagrasses in the Union of the Comoros
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: CNS Poonian --- Community Centred Conservation (C3), UK K Tuharska --- C3 Madagascar and Indian Ocean Islands Programme, Madagascar MD Hauzer --- C3 Madagascar and Indian Ocean Islands Programme, MadagascarThis study represents the first in situ assessment of seagrasses in the Union of the Comoros. The presence of the following 10 species (ranked in order of abundance) was confirmed: Thalassia hemprichii, Thalassodendron ciliatum, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halodule wrightii, Cymodocea rotundata,... -
Crop rotation and tillage system effects on reducing ryegrass occurrence in spring wheat
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Sinovuyo M Nteyi --- Department of Agricultural Management, South Africa Raymond MB Auerbach --- Department of Agricultural Management, South Africa Michael I Ferreira --- Plant Sciences, South Africa Johan Labuschagne --- Plant Sciences, South AfricaUnder the Mediterranean climatic conditions of the Western Cape province, the Swartland region is intensively cropped, producing spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), but due to ryegrass competition, yield is reduced. In addition, ryegrass has developed resistance to herbicides. This necessitates... -
Effect of management on rangeland phytomass, cover and condition in two biomes in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Roelof J Oomen --- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Germany Anja Linstädter --- Range Ecology and Range Management Group, Germany Jan C Ruppert --- Range Ecology and Range Management Group, Germany Katharina Brüser --- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Germany Jürgen Schellberg --- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Germany Frank Ewert --- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, GermanyIn rangelands, grazing management is a main driver of rangeland condition. Due to masking effects of seasonal climate fluctuations, little is known about (dis)similarity of management effects on rangeland condition and forage provision across major dryland biomes. Taking a macro-ecological... -
Exploring the invasion of rangelands by Acacia mearnsii (black wattle): biophysical characteristics and management implications
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Onalenna Gwate --- Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, South Africa Sukhmani K Mantel --- Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, South Africa Andiswa Finca --- Agricultural Research Council – Animal Production Institute, South Africa Lesley A Gibson --- Department of Construction and Surveying, UK Zahn Munch --- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, South Africa Anthony R Palmer --- Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, South AfricaAustralian acacias have spread to many parts of the world. In South Africa, species such as A. mearnsii and dealbata are invasive. Consequently, more effort has focused on their clearing. In a context of increasing clearing costs, it is crucial... -
Defoliation management affects morphogenetic and structural characteristics of mixed pastures of brachiaria grass and forage peanut
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Juliana C Pereira --- Department of Animal Science, Brazil Fernanda K Gomes --- Department of Animal Science, Brazil Michael DBL Oliveira --- Department of Animal Science, Brazil Marcio AS Lara --- Department of Animal Science, Brazil Thiago F Bernardes --- Department of Animal Science, Brazil Daniel R Casagrande --- Department of Animal Science, BrazilA sound understanding of the effects of defoliation management in a grass–legume pasture is key in balancing populations between species. The aim of this study was to quantify the morphogenetic and structural characteristics and forage production of brachiaria grass and... -
Historical vegetation–environment patterns for assessing the impact of climatic change in the mountains of Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Craig Morris --- Agricultural Research Council – Livestock Business Division, c/o School of Life Sciences, South AfricaClimate change will probably profoundly impact the Maloti Mountains in Lesotho, which are likely to have a warmer, wetter and more CO2-enriched (eCO2) atmosphere in the future. Intensive smallstock grazing could exacerbate the effects of climate change on the mountain... -
Optimal grazing management strategies: evaluating key concepts
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Richard WS Fynn --- Okavango Research Institute, University of Botswana, Botswana Kevin P Kirkman --- Grassland Science, South Africa Riaan Dames --- , NamibiaRangeland management strategies must be based on robust ecological and economic concepts if they are to be effective and profitable. Thus, the aim of this paper was to examine concepts related to grazing and resting of grassland and associated effects... -
Assessment of potential sources of protozoan contamination between two avian feeding guilds in a conservation area
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Adams A Chaskda --- AP Leventis Ornithological Research Institute, Department of Zoology, Nigeria Georgina S Mwansat --- Entomology and Parasitology Unit, Department of Zoology, Nigeria Danjuma Sani --- Entomology and Parasitology Unit, Department of Zoology, Nigeria Longtong Turshak --- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, NigeriaOccasional screening of food and water quality available to organisms in protected areas could be beneficial to their successful conservation. This is important for areas receiving regular human visitors and exhibiting activities that may be detrimental to ecosystem health. This... -
Nightjar diversity and microhabitat use in Nechisar National Park, Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Ruben Evens --- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Belgium Natalie Beenaerts --- Research Group: Environmental Biology, Belgium Nele Witters --- Research Group: Environmental Economics, Belgium Tom Artois --- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, BelgiumKnowledge of the distribution and ecology of East African nightjars is, to a large extent, unknown. We collected ecological information on the diversity and microhabitat use of nightjars in Nechisar National Park in January 2015 by executing field captures and... -
Effect of temperature on seed production in the invasive grass Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb. (Poaceae) in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: LF Mugwedi --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa JM Goodall --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa ETF Witkowski --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa MJ Byrne --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South AfricaTemperature is one of the main factors that determine sexual reproduction in terrestrial and emergent aquatic plant species. The effect of temperature on sexual reproduction and seed production of Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb. in the southern hemisphere is unknown. Glyceria... -
The effect of Holistic Planned Grazing™ on African rangelands: a case study from Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Mike Peel --- Agricultural Research Council–Animal Production Unit, South Africa Marc Stalmans --- International Conservation Services, South AfricaHolistic Planned Grazing™ (HPG) is purported to have positive long-term effects on rangelands, enhancing ecosystem services. Given comparable environmental templates, but different management regimes, vegetation monitoring and landscape function analysis showed the Africa Center for Holistic Management (ACHM) at Dimbangombe... -
Land-use and land-cover changes and their drivers in rangeland-dependent pastoral communities in the southern Afar Region of Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Muluken Mekuyie --- Disaster Management Training and Education Center for Africa, South Africa Andries Jordaan --- Disaster Management Training and Education Center for Africa, South Africa Yoseph Melka --- Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resource, EthiopiaThe present study was conducted in the southern Afar Region in Ethiopia to analyse the trends of land-use and land-cover changes and their drivers in the period 1985 to 2015 using remote sensing, field observation, focus group discussions and semi-structured... -
Temperature control of the distributional range of five C3 grass species in the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Luke K Bentley --- South African Environmental Observation Network, South Africa Tim G O’Connor --- South African Environmental Observation Network, South AfricaGlobal climate change is expected to influence the distribution of global biodiversity. C4 and C3 perennial grasses co-occur in the fire-prone KwaZulu-Natal uKhahlamba-Drakensberg grasslands, with C3 grass species occurring at cooler locations in the mountain range and C4 grass species... -
Oat silage for grazing dairy cows in small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of central Mexico
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Victor Andrés Burbano-Muñoz --- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales, Mexico Felipe López-González --- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales, Mexico Julieta Gertrudis Estrada-Flores --- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales, Mexico Pedro Alan Sainz-Sánchez --- Institut für Tropische Agrarwissenschaften (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), Fachgebiet Tierernährung und Weidewirtschaft in den Tropen und Subtropen, Germany Carlos Manuel Arriaga-Jordán --- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales, MexicoThe objective was to evaluate the provision of oat silage (Avena sativa) to supplement grazing dairy cows on pastures of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), festulolium (Lolium multiflorum × Festuca pratense) and white clover (Trifolium repens) during the dry season when... -
Tiller population dynamics in eight cultivars of elephant grass during undisturbed growth
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: José A Rueda --- Licenciatura en Zootecnia, Mexico Eusebio Ortega-Jiménez --- Colegio de Postgraduados, Mexico Javier F Enríquez-Quiroz --- Campo Experimental “La Posta”, Mexico Rogelio E Palacios-Torres --- Licenciatura en Zootecnia, Mexico Sergio Ramírez-Ordoñes --- Licenciatura en Zootecnia, MexicoThe aim of the study was to assess tiller population dynamics of aerial and basal tillers in eight cultivars of Pennisetum purpureum (Schumach.), syn. Cenchrus purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone, in a warm humid climate in Veracruz, Mexico. This is a pioneer... -
Interactions of grazing and rainfall on vegetation at Grootfontein in the eastern Karoo
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Justin CO du Toit --- Pasture Research, Grootfontein Agricultural Development Institute, South Africa Tshililo Ramaswiela --- South African Environmental Observation Network, South Africa Marco J Pauw --- South African Environmental Observation Network, South Africa Tim G O’Connor --- South African Environmental Observation Network, South AfricaRainfall and grazing are primary drivers of vegetation composition in the Nama-Karoo. Increased rainfall increases grassiness, to where Nama-Karoo transitions to grassland. Severe grazing treatments (e.g. continuous or summer-only) increase abundance of grazing-tolerant dwarf shrubs and annual grasses, and decrease... -
Estimating evapotranspiration in semi-arid rangelands: connecting reference to actual evapotranspiration and the role of soil evaporation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Onalenna Gwate --- Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, South Africa Sukhmani K Mantel --- Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, South Africa Andiswa Finca --- Agricultural Research Council–Animal Production Institute, South Africa Lesley A Gibson --- School of Engineering, UK Zahn Munch --- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, South Africa Anthony R Palmer --- Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, South AfricaIn a context of water scarcity, efforts to increase landscape production should focus on improving water productivity. This requires an appreciation of the various components of evapotranspiration (ET), including soil evaporation (Es) because the latter reflects ‘unproductive’ water loss. Both... -
Vachellia sieberiana var. woodii, a high-altitude encroacher: the effect of fire, frost, simulated grazing and altitude in north-western KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Jennifer M Russell --- School of Life Sciences, South Africa Michelle J Tedder --- School of Life Sciences, South Africa Stuart Demmer --- School of Life Sciences, South AfricaSavannas and grasslands throughout the world are experiencing bush encroachment, which has serious consequences for net primary productivity. In South Africa, Vachellia sieberiana is encroaching into the savannas and high-altitude grasslands of KwaZulu-Natal. We investigated the role of fire, frost... -
Nutritional values and chemical composition of tropical pastures as potential sources of α-tocopherol and condensed tannin
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Jalise F Tontini --- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Agronomy College, Brazil Cesar HEC Poli --- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Agronomy College, Brazil Viviane S Hampel --- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Agronomy College, Brazil Alessandro P Minho --- Embrapa Southeast Livestock, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Ministry of Agriculture, Brazil James P Muir --- Texas AgriLife Research, USATropical pastures can be important natural sources of antioxidant compounds and may impact production and quality of animal protein with repercussions on human health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of α-tocopherol, condensed tannin (CT) and... -
Response of three mesic South African perennial grassland forbs to defoliation and competition
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Sindiso Chamane --- Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, South Africa Kevin P Kirkman --- Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, South Africa Craig Morris --- Agricultural Research Council – Animal Production, c/o School of Life Sciences, South Africa Tim G O’Connor --- SAEON, South AfricaThe importance of maintaining biodiversity in natural grasslands under livestock production systems has been recognised. Forbs contribute more to species richness than grasses in South African grasslands. However, little is known about the impact of grazing and grass competition on... -
Grass community responses to drought in an African savanna
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: C Wigley-Coetsee --- , South Africa AC Staver --- , United StatesDrought is often discussed as a major perturbation in savanna ecosystems, associated with lasting shifts in savanna structure and functioning. However, historically, droughts have occurred frequently in southern African savannas, suggesting that plants might benefit from being resilient to drought... -
Drought amnesia: lessons from protected areas in the eastern Lowveld of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Mike JS Peel --- , South Africa Izak P Smit --- , South AfricaProtected areas (PAs) adjacent to the Kruger National Park (KNP) are divided into fenced and unfenced properties. We discuss land-use development to provide context of how these savannas have evolved over the past century. Although the PAs have embraced the... -
Long-term influence of season of grazing and rainfall on vegetation in the eastern Karoo, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Justin CO du Toit --- , South Africa Timothy G O’Connor --- , South AfricaIn the Nama-Karoo, South Africa, rainfall and grazing by livestock are two important drivers of botanical composition. Summer rains are advantageous particularly to the grass layer, whereas the characteristic dwarf shrubs survive better than grasses during drought, and benefit from... -
Seasonal habitat utilisation and morphological characteristics of Chamaeleo dilepis on Telperion Nature Reserve, Mpumalanga, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Trevor L O’Donoghue --- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystem Research Unit, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa Kerry Slater --- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystem Research Unit, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa Leslie R Brown --- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystem Research Unit, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, South AfricaLimited information on the habitat utilisation and seasonal activity of flap-necked chameleons (Chamaeleo dilepis) is available. We investigated habitat utilisation, seasonal distribution, and sexual dimorphism of C. dilepis on Telperion Nature Reserve (a privately protected natural area) in South Africa... -
Evaluation of phytoremediation effects of chicken manure, urea and lemongrass on remediating a lead contaminated soil in Kabwe, Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Yui Yoshii --- , Japan Isabell von Rein --- , USA Kabenuka Munthali --- , Zambia Mukuka Mwansa --- , Zambia Hokuto Nakata --- , Japan Shota Nakayama --- , Japan Mayumi Ishizuka --- , Japan Yoshitaka Uchida --- , JapanHigh levels of lead (Pb) in the soil is a serious issue in the city of Kabwe, Zambia. Phytoremediation is an effective approach to revive the life-supporting functions of the soils. Locally available soil amendments, such as chicken manure, can... -
Strengthening the DNA barcode reference library for South African estuarine macrofauna
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: C Fagg --- , South Africa NL Phair --- , South Africa L Claassens --- , South Africa RSK Barnes --- , South Africa S von der Heyden --- , South AfricaSeagrass ecosystems face many anthropogenic pressures, yet globally there is a lack of knowledge of their associated biodiversity. Molecular barcoding can aid in biomonitoring efforts, but few South African invertebrates are accounted for. We provide 48 new sequences for 15... -
Is a long hygroscopic awn an advantage for Themeda triandra in drier areas?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Craig D Morris --- , South AfricaThemeda triandra has bigeniculate hygroscopic lemma seed awns that twist when wet and drying, thereby transporting the caryopsis across the soil surface into suitable germination microsites. The prediction that awns would be longer in drier grassland and have greater motility... -
Topo-edaphic environment and forest plantation disturbance explain patterns of grassland species richness, composition and structure in an agro-ecological landscape, Maputaland, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: AP Starke --- , South Africa TG O’Connor --- , South Africa CS Everson --- , South AfricaGrasslands of the Maputaland coastal plain are biologically diverse and provide a variety of ecosystems services. Yet grasslands in this region are vulnerable to continuing development by plantation forestry that provides economic benefits to local communities. In order to provide... -
Topo-edaphic environment and forestry plantation disturbance affect the distribution of grassland forage and non-forage resources, Maputaland, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: AP Starke --- , South Africa TG O’Connor --- , South Africa CS Everson --- , South AfricaGrasslands are integral to rural livelihoods in southern Africa, because they provide hydrological regulation services and a variety of plant resources, including livestock fodder, medicines, and food products. To ensure ongoing provision of these resources in rapidly developing rural landscapes,... -
Calibration and evaluation of the Sustainable Grazing Systems pasture model for predicting native grass aboveground biomass production in southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Walter Svinurai --- , South Africa Abubeker Hassen --- , South Africa Eyob Tesfamariam --- , South Africa Abel Ramoelo --- , South Africa Brendan Cullen --- , AustraliaSimulation modelling of grass biomass production has gained huge attention since the early 2000s, but it has rarely been applied to southern African rangelands, due to limited data availability for model calibration and evaluation. This study was conducted to calibrate... -
Could CO2-induced changes to C4 grass flammability aggravate savanna woody encroachment?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Sarah Lynn Raubenheimer --- , South Africa Kimberley Simpson --- , South Africa Richard Carkeek --- , South Africa Brad Ripley --- , South AfricaFire plays an important role in maintaining the savanna tree-grass balance by limiting the recruitment of heat-sensitive tree seedlings. However, fire behaviour may change under increasing CO2 concentrations, due to altered flammability of the grassy layer. Here, we determined the... -
High-intensity fire experiments to manage shrub encroachment: lessons learned in South Africa and the United States
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Rheinhardt Scholtz --- , United States Victoria M Donovan --- , United States Tercia Strydom --- , South Africa Carissa Wonkka --- , United States Urs P Kreuter --- , United States William E Rogers --- , United States Charles Taylor --- , United States Izak PJ Smit --- , South Africa Navashni Govender --- , South Africa Winston Trollope --- , South Africa Dillon T Fogarty --- , United States Dirac Twidwell --- , United StatesHuman alteration of fire regimes is a hallmark of the Anthropocene; yet few studies have fully explored the implications of utilizing high-intensity fires in grasslands and savannas to manage shrub encroachment. Decades of fire research in South Africa inspired a... -
Long-term frequent fires do not decrease topsoil carbon and nitrogen in an Afromontane grassland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Nicola Findlay --- , The Netherlands Alan Manson --- , South Africa Joris PGM Cromsigt --- , The Netherlands Paul Gordijn --- , South Africa Cathy Nixon --- , South Africa Max Rietkerk --- , The Netherlands Guy Thibaud --- , South Africa Martin J Wassen --- , The Netherlands Mariska te Beest --- , The NetherlandsFire has been an integral evolutionary force shaping and maintaining grassy biomes, such as the Afromontane grasslands of South Africa. Afromontane grasslands represent a large carbon reservoir, but it is uncertain how fire affects their long-term C storage. We investigated... -
Comparative avifaunal richness and diversity in invasive Acacia dealbata patches and adjacent montane grasslands
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Jessica Seath --- , South Africa Charlie Shackleton --- , South AfricaInvasive alien species are regarded as the second greatest threat to biodiversity globally. Yet, at a local scale their effects may vary, underlying the requirement for more local-scale studies across taxa and settings. Here we consider the effects of an... -
Occurrence of Dalbergia obovata in grasslands of urban nature reserves within a metropolitan municipality: Is it an encroaching woody species?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Terry Stewart --- , South Africa Peter F Scogings --- , South Africa Himansu Baijnath --- , South AfricaThe occurrence of Dalbergia obovata, which is typically associated with forests, in grasslands within conservation areas in a metropolitan municipality was investigated to assess whether it was encroaching and what the possible causes might be. Relevant legislation has not regarded... -
Warming promotes growth of seedlings of a woody encroacher in grassland dominated by C4 species
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Lusanda Ncisana --- , South Africa Ntuthuko R Mkhize --- , South Africa Peter F Scogings --- , South AfricaLittle is known of warming effects on growth and defence of woody seedlings that potentially invade grasslands. We predicted that elevated temperatures would increase growth and spine length of Vachellia sieberiana seedlings growing (1) with or without grass in the... -
Analyzing the grassroots innovation process in India from a design perspective
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Gautam Sharma --- , IndiaDesign is the act of transforming an existing situation into a preferred one. Taking this broad definition of design, the paper analyzes the process of grassroots innovations from a design perspective in the three phases of idea generation, experimentation, and... -
The chemistry of the pedoderm – part 1: grasslands and savannas in the central Kruger National Park, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Anthony J Mills --- , South Africa Tercia Strydom --- , South Africa Jessica L Allen --- , South Africa Julia Baum --- ,Treeless grasslands occur within landscapes that are predominantly wooded savannas in the central Kruger National Park, South Africa. As a first step in identifying soil properties potentially underpinning differences in vegetation structure in these landscapes, we analysed the soil chemistry... -
The chemistry of the pedoderm – part 2: Dichrostachys cinerea patches and adjacent grassland in the southern Kruger National Park, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Anthony J Mills --- , South Africa Tercia Strydom --- , South Africa Jessica L Allen --- , South AfricaThe small tree, Dichrostachys cinerea, occurs in dense patches within grasslands on gabbro-derived soils in the southern Kruger National Park. It is not known whether soil properties in the grasslands affect tree establishment. As a first step in identifying soil... -
The chemistry of the pedoderm – part 3: Colophospermum mopane shrublands and woodlands in the central Kruger National Park, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Anthony J Mills --- , South Africa Tercia Strydom --- , South Africa Jessica L Allen --- , South Africa Julia Baum --- ,The woody plant, Colophospermum mopane, occurs as either a shrub or tree in shrublands and woodlands, respectively, in the central Kruger National Park, South Africa. As a first step in identifying which soil properties potentially influence the structure of C... -
The impacts of past cultivation on the reptiles in a South African grassland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Gavin P. R. Masterson --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Bryan Maritz --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Darian Mackay --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa GrahamJ. Alexander --- University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaHabitat transfonnation is the primary anthropogenic threat to global biodiversity. Fragmentation of reptile populations following habitat transfonnation within a landscape can lead to the extirpation of species. We investigated the effects of land-use on the species richness and abundance of... -
A new species of Cordylus (Squamata: Cordylidae) from the Marungu Plateau of south-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Eli Greenbaum --- University of Texas at El Paso, USA EdwardL. Stanley --- Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, USA Chifundera Kusamba --- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Lwiro, République Démocratique du, Congo WandegeM. Moninga --- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Lwiro, République Démocratique du, Congo StephenR. Goldberg --- Whittier College, USA CharlesR. Bursey --- , USACurrently there are 20 recognised species of the widespread lizard genus Cordylus, which is distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa's non-forested habitats from Ethiopia to South Africa. Most recent taxonomic work has focused on forms in southern Africa, where several subspecific taxa... -
Predation on the eggs of ground-nesting birds by Dasypeltis scabra (Linnaeus, 1758) in the moist highland grasslands of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Michael F. Bates --- , , South Africa Ian T. Little --- , South AfricaWe provide evidence for predation by the Common Egg-eater (Dasypeltis scabra) on the eggs of three species of ground-nesting birds, namely African Pipit (Anthus cinnamomeus), Cape Longclaw (Macronyx capensis) and Common Quail (Coturnix coturnix). Although egg-eaters have been recorded as... -
Spatio-temporal status of vegetation, soil and cattle serum minerals in degraded communal rangelands of the Eastern Cape, South Africa: implications for livestock sustainability and management interventions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Nangamso Mlaza --- University of Fort Hare, South Africa Solomon Tefera --- University of Fort Hare, South Africa Abubeker Hassen --- University of Pretoria, South AfricaIn this study, we examined forage, soil and cattle serum mineral status, and their relationships in severely (SD) and less severely (LSD) degraded rangelands, South Africa. Such evidence is essential to inform rangeland policies and interventions. In each rangeland, three... -
Performance of goats browsing on Vachellia karroo encroached communal lands and open grasslands in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: W Maguraushe --- University of Fort Hare, South Africa JF Mupangwa --- University of Namibia, Namibia S Washaya --- Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo V Muchenje --- University of Fort Hare, South AfricaThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of season, rangeland type, and herd size on the performance of goat browsing. A total of eighty communal household goat herds from Mbashe and Nkonkobe municipalities were monitored for twelve... -
Spatial variability of herbage yield, grazing capacity and plant diversity in a tropical savannah rangeland ecosystem
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: ND Anane --- University of Ghana, Ghana R Ayizanga --- University of Ghana, Ghana FO Sarkwa --- University of Ghana, Ghana T Ansah --- University for Development Studies, Ghana EC Timpong-Jones --- University of Ghana, GhanaTo improve ruminant livestock production, evaluation of rangelands must be a routine. Rangeland evaluation gives information about the vegetation structure, biomass yield and quality. The Guinea savannah rangelands of Ghana lack research that characterises the spatial variability of herbage yield... -
Expansion of the Grassland Biome in the eastern Karoo corresponds with changes in rainfall and livestock numbers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: G Arena --- University of Cape Town, South Africa MT Hoffman --- University of Cape Town, South Africa H van der Merwe --- University of Cape Town, South Africa TG O’Connor --- , South AfricaThe persistent spread of shrublands is a global phenomenon observed across semiarid grassland-shrubland boundaries. Observations in South Africa, however, have detected a contrasting trend of increasing grass cover across the transition between the Nama-Karoo and Grassland Biomes over the last... -
Call repertoire of Ptychadena uzungwensis (Anura: Ptychadenidae) to complement molecular and morphological identification of the species from the Soutpansberg, South Africa.
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Treading a Delicate Tightrope: A principal balancing between education and political change during turbulent times • Authors: Ferdi De Lange --- , South Africa Edward C Netherlands --- , South Africa Louis H Du Preez --- , South AfricaThe identity of adults and tadpoles of Ptychadena uzungwensis from the Soutpansberg range in northern South Africa was confirmed using a combination of morphological characters and molecular analysis. Detailed vocalisation analysis was made and used to complement existing species identification... -
Bromatological and histological features of native African grasses under grazing in Brazilian semi-arid rangelands
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Talita Roberta Firemand de Lira Menor --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil Mércia Virginia Ferreira dos Santos --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil Janerson José Coêlho --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil Geane Dias Gonçalves --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil Alexandre Carneiro Leão de Mello --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil Márcio Vieira da Cunha --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil Amanda Maria Gallindo dos Santos --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil Ivan Ferraz --- Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco, Brazil José Carlos Batista Dubeux Júnior --- University of Florida, United StatesThis study evaluated the bromatological and histological features of native African grasses under grazing in Brazilian semi-arid rangelands. An experimental grid design was used in a randomised sampling method for four replicate samples of three African grasses. The grasses evaluated... -
Do native grasses emerge and establish in areas rehabilitated using vetiver grass?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Lindokuhle X Dlamini --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Michelle J Tedder --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Kevin P Kirkman --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaSpecies-rich grasslands provide important ecosystem services, and in South Africa, approximately 40% of these grasslands are degraded. Vetiver grass (from India) is often used during rehabilitation efforts to restore soil function without a thorough understanding of the potential negative ecological... -
Status and density of the threatened Kori Bustard Ardeotis kori in a woodland savanna
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Kathan Bandyopadhyay --- University of Wyoming, United States Bogdan Cristescu --- , Namibia Jeffrey L Beck --- University of Wyoming, United States John L Koprowski --- University of Wyoming, United States Laurie Marker --- , NamibiaMany grassland habitats have disappeared or undergone substantial change worldwide and many obligatory grassland animal species have populations that are at risk of extinction. The Kori Bustard Ardeotis kori is the largest flying bird native to Africa and an open... -
Comparison of rehabilitation treatments on mechanically reconstructed soils following strip coal mining activities: effects on soil properties
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: DJ Beukes --- Agricultural Research Council, South Africa LD Wiese-Rozanov --- Agricultural Research Council, South Africa MV Kidson --- Agricultural Research Council, South AfricaA rainfed rehabilitation trial on mechanically reconstructed soil, following strip coal mining, was laid out in the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa. It was used to evaluate seven rehabilitation treatments with four different depths of topsoil on coal spoil over... -
Eelgrass Zostera capensis populations in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, harbour distinct genomic signals despite limited geographical distance
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: SE Smit --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa R Henriques --- University of Pretoria, South Africa M Jackson --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa R Taylor --- , South Africa L Vivier --- University of Zululand, South Africa S von der Heyden --- Stellenbosch University, South AfricaSeagrasses are threatened by anthropogenic stressors and climate change, with numerous population declines reported. In South Africa, the eelgrass Zostera capensis is restricted to estuarine environments and has a disjunct distribution and declining status. With the majority of the distribution... -
Histological arrangements of plant tissue of different elephant grasses as influenced by their genotypes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil --- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, BrazilElephant grass genotypes display a variety of morphological differences, influencing the nutritive value of the forage. This study evaluated the histological arrangements of the leaves and stems of different elephant-grass genotypes, two tall-sized (Elephant B and IRI-381) and two dwarfs... -
Herbage intake and performance of grazing lambs in tropical erect grass pastures maintained at different heights
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Lívia Raymundo Irigoyen --- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Cesar Henrique Espírito Candal Poli --- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Gladis Ferreira Corrêa --- Federal University of Pampa, Brazil Jalise Fabíola Tontini --- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Ignacio Fernando López --- Massey University, New Zealand Joseane Anjos da Silva --- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilOne of the main constraints for sheep production in tropical and subtropical areas is the lack of knowledge of how to manage erect tropical grasses for lambs. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of pasture height... -
Burrow site selection in the Sungazer (Smaug giganteus): a threatened South African endemic lizard
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Wade K Stanton-Jones --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Daniel JD Natusch --- Macquarie University, Australia Graham J Alexander --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaElucidating factors that drive microhabitat selection in a species is important for informing the conservation management of the species. For species that use microhabitats as long-term refuge sites, selection pressures are likely to be strong because the microhabitat must fulfil... -
Evaluation of in situ and ex situ forage germplasm collections reveals the first occurrence and seed-transmission of alfalfa mosaic virus and southern bean mosaic virus in Urochloa species
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Woubit Dawit --- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Ethiopia Fikerte Mulatu --- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Ethiopia Yesuf Eshete --- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Ethiopia Alemayehu Teressa Negawo --- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Ethiopia Alok Kumar --- Haramaya University, Ethiopia Alice Muchugi --- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Ethiopia Chris Stephen Jones --- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), KenyaGrasses of the genus Urochloa (Urochloa species syn. Brachiaria species) are among the most important tropical forage grasses of African origin. The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Forage Genebank maintains 671 Urochloa grass accessions, belonging to 28 species, of which... -
Indicators of grassroots innovations in Iran: A mixed method study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Akram Ghadimi --- , Marzieh Saviz --- Department of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran,Grassroots innovations are bottom-up solutions for solving problems that meet local needs and take into account their interests and values. The main purpose of this study is to identify the indicators of grassroots innovations in Iran. This research is based... -
From forage to multifunctionality: shifting perceptions of rangeland ecosystem services in the journals of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Craig D Morris --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaRangelands offer various goods and ecosystem services (ES) besides providing forage for commercial livestock production. An analysis of research published in the journals of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa from 1966 to 2023 revealed a widening focus on different... -
Rethinking radical veld improvement: a sustainable approach to grazing land restoration?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: KP Kirkman --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaRadical veld improvement (RVI), a concept explored in southern Africa during the mid to late 1900s, aimed to intensify agricultural landscapes by enhancing veld productivity by incorporating productive forage grasses or legumes, soil nutrient enrichment, or a combination of both... -
Overlooked forbs: implications for rangeland biodiversity and function in southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Sindiso Nkuna --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Craig Morris --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaForbs are a diverse component of grassy ecosystems, offering various vital ecosystem services while enhancing system resilience. However, herbaceous non-grass species are not routinely enumerated, nor their significance evaluated. We examined the extent to which grassland forbs have been considered... -
Intercropping techniques improve pasture quality and beef cattle performance compared to livestock systems
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Pedro Mielli Bonacim --- Instituto de Zootecnia, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil Claudia Cristina Paro de Paz --- Instituto de Zootecnia, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil Gabriela Geraldi Mendonça --- São Paulo University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Brazil Mara Regina Moitinho --- São Paulo State University (FCAV–UNESP), Brazil Jeferson Garcia Augusto --- Instituto de Zootecnia, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil Leonardo Sartori Menegatto --- Instituto de Zootecnia, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil Taise Robinson Kunrath --- Instituto de Zootecnia, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil Márcia Saladini Vieira Salles --- Instituto de Zootecnia, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil Flávia Fernanda Simili --- Instituto de Zootecnia, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, BrazilIn integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS), pasture is intercropped with crops to provide grain for feed and forage mass for grazing. Although scientific results have shown the benefits of using ICLS instead of conventional livestock systems, few studies have investigated the... -
Comparison of rehabilitation methods on mechanically reconstructed soils following strip coal mining activities: effects on grass properties
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: DJ Beukes --- ARC-Soil, Climate and Water, South Africa LD Wiese --- ARC-Soil, Climate and Water, South Africa MV Kidson --- ARC-Soil, Climate and Water, South Africa F Breytenbach --- ARC-Livestock Business Division,Opencast coal mining has devastated the grassland biomes in the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa. A rain-fed rehabilitation trial on mechanically reconstructed soil, following strip coal mining, was conducted to demonstrate that the post-mining landscape can be returned to sustainable... -
Revitalizing tribal economic systems through indigenous entrepreneurship: Innovations and strategies
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Anjali Chandulal Lakum --- Parul Institute of Social Work, Parul University, IndiaAmid growing global interest in sustainable and inclusive development, indigenous entrepreneurship and grassroots innovations are increasingly recognized as powerful yet underexplored pathways for community resilience. This study investigates how such innovations contribute to the revitalization of tribal economic systems, with... -
Vegetation structure and defoliation patterns in heterogeneous grasslands under two herbage allowance levels
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Felipe Casalás --- University of the Republic, Uruguay Nicolas Caram --- University of the Republic, Uruguay Pablo Soca --- University of the Republic, Uruguay Marcelo Wallau --- University of Florida, USA Pablo Boggiano --- University of the Republic, UruguayUnderstanding the relationship between vegetation attributes and defoliation patterns at multiple spatiotemporal scales is crucial for optimising grazing systems. This study assessed the structural attributes of vegetation and the effects of defoliation frequency and intensity in a campos grassland under... -
First record of the pandemic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in wild amphibians of the Mauritius Island
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Albert Martínez-Silvestre --- , Spain Owen Griffiths --- La Vanille Nature Park, Ile Maurice Gilbert Moutia --- La Vanille Nature Park, Ile Maurice Barbora Thumsová --- Asociación Herpetológica Española (AHE), Spain Jaime Bosch --- IMIB-Research Unit of Biodiversity (University of Oviedo, CSIC, Principality of Asturias), SpainMauritius hosts two established non-native amphibian species: the Mascarene Grass Frog (Ptychadena mascareniensis) and the Guttural Toad (Sclerophrys gutturalis). In this study, we screened individuals of both species for the presence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal), and Ranavirus... -
Investigation on the foraging ecology of black crowned cranes at Lake Tana, Ethiopia, in the context of climate change impacts
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: SA Zelelew --- Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia C Relton --- , South AfricaThere are significant gaps in understanding the food resources of the black crowned crane in the Lake Tana wetlands. This study examined macroinvertebrates in crane habitats, investigated the impact of rainfall on macroinvertebrates in relation to pollution tolerance, and identified... -
From data to decisions: the potential of real-time precision technologies to enhance adaptive grazing management for livestock ranchers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Justin D Derner --- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Rangeland Resources and Systems Research Unit, USA J Gonzalo Irisarri --- University of Wyoming, Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, USA Edward J Raynor --- Colorado State University, AgNext, USA John P Ritten --- Colorado State University, AgNext, USA Clay A Lents --- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Meat Animal Research Center, Livestock Biosystems Research Unit, USA Kaiyu Guan --- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Agroecosystem Sustainability Center and College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, USA Bin Peng --- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Agroecosystem Sustainability Center and College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, USA Lexuan Ye --- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Agroecosystem Sustainability Center and College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, USA Greg Thoma --- Colorado State University, AgNext, USA Lauren M Porensky --- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Rangeland Resources and Systems Research Unit, USA David J Augustine --- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Rangeland Resources and Systems Research Unit, USAAdvances in on-animal sensors and remote sensing have generated vast data streams, but their impact on rancher decision-making remains limited due to fragmented and uncoordinated efforts. Integration of on-animal monitoring with remote sensing of the grazing resource base offers synergistic...