Imaging phaeochromocytoma

Abstract

The phaeochromocytoma (pheochromocytoma) is a hormonally active tumour of neuroendocrine origin. This article reviews the embryology, anatomy, nomenclature and pathology as it relates to the imaging of phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas. The imaging findings and the role of different imaging modalities are emphasised. The application of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear medicine imaging techniques are discussed and illustrated by multiple images. Since the accurate diagnosis and localisation of phaeochromocytoma is critical to patient management, it is important for all physicians to understand the strengths and weaknesses of different imaging modalities during the work-up of a patient. Radiologists must be familiar with both the common and uncommon imaging characteristics of these lesions to diagnose and localise these lesions accurately.