Song and breeding observations of suburban Olive Thrushes (Turdus olivaceus olivaceus) in Grahamstown, Sou

Abstract

Olive Thrushes Turdus olivaceus olivaceus in Grahamstown, South Africa, were present in their territories throughout the year. Mist-net captures showed no seasonal fluctuation in the population density of adults. The breeding season had a main peak from August to November and a minor peak in April. Song output was greatest at the beginning of the breeding periods, when territorial boundaries were most keenly contested. There was a positive correlation between seasonal variation in breeding intensity and song output. The adult survival rate was estimated at 80%, and 56% of the fledglings were alive in their natal territories at the age of independence. In this study area, only females built nests and brooded nestlings. Only males sang. Both males and females defended their territories.