Adoption, fostering and identity

Abstract

The authors propose to look at how identity is formed in young adopted or foster-children. On the basis that the identity results from a relational process, two criteria will be considered as key elements for the individual's sense of self: the necessity of belonging and the need for differentiation. In the case of adopted/foster children, this process acquires particular characteristics. The condition of non-biological filiation not only requires parents and children to employ different methods and time-frames as they construct a bond of secure attachment, but also asks parents to have a greater awareness of relationship. As an internal model for the psyche, the modulation between belonging and differentiation will shape the child's identity. It presents itself to both adoptive and foster children and parents as a particularly delicate journey in relationships that often needs professional help so as to avoid another failed relationship.