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Die produksie en kwaliteit van verskillende voersorghum‐ en Babala kultivars in die wes‐Transvaal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: C.S. Dannhauser --- Departement van Landbou en Watervoorsiening, Republiek van Suid‐Afrika R.H. Drewes --- Departement van Landbou en Watervoorsiening, Republiek van Suid‐Afrika ErikaA. van Zyl --- Departement van Landbou en Watervoorsiening, Republiek van Suid‐Afrika ChristaJ. van Rooyen --- Departement van Landbou en Watervoorsiening, Republiek van Suid‐AfrikaThe production and quality of different fodder sorghum and Babala cultivars in the western Transvaal. A number of sorghum cultivars are available commercially, and periodically some cultivars are added while others are withdrawn from the market. The potential yield figures... -
Screening for DIMBOA (benzoxazinone) concentration among South African inbred maize lines and sorghum cultivars
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: C. Malan --- , J.H. Visser --- Department of Botany, H.A. van de Venter --- Department of Botany,Twenty-seven popular South African inbred maize lines, four commercial maize cultivars, two sweet corn cultivars and two grain sorghum cultivars were screened by means of a rapid, semi-quantitative method to determine DIMBOA concentration. Significant differences were found between inbred lines... -
Recovery of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] from atrazine and cyanazine phytotoxicity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: M.R. le Court de Billot --- , P.C. Nel --- Department of Plant Production,Recovery of growth following atrazine and cyanazine toxicity and the effect on subsequent grain yield of sorghum were studied in nutrient solutions in two separate experiments. In Experiment I, concentrations of atrazine and cyanazine were decreased at weekly intervals based... -
Alachlor-geïhduseerde veranderinge in sekere membrane van Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench-plante
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: C.F. Reinhardt --- Departement Plantproduksie, Republiek van Suid-Afrika P.C. Nel --- Departement Plantproduksie, Republiek van Suid-AfrikaSekere ultrastrukturele veranderinge veroorsaak deur alachlor (α-chloor-2′, 6′-diëtiel-N-metoksimetielasetanilied) in graansorghumplante is ondersoek. Elektronmikro- skoopmikrograwe het aangetoon dat disintegrering van vakuoolmembrane, kernmembrane en omhullingsmembrane van chloroplaste voorgekom het by alachlorbehandelde plante. -
Leaf water retention of excised leaves as a measure of drought resistance in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) genotypes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South Africa W.J. van den Berg --- , Republic of South AfricaThe objective of these experiments was to evaluate the usefulness of the excised leaf water retention capability (ELWRC) technique for screening grain sorghum genotypes for drought resistance. Seven genotypes were planted in a randomized block consisting of four replications. The... -
'n Evaluering van die volumetermetode om aggregaatstabiliteit van 'n vertisol te kwantifiseer
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: D.J. Beukes --- Departement van Landbou en Watervoorsiening, Republiek van Suid-AfrikaDie 0–10 mm laag van twee proefpersele van 'n vertiese grond waarop graansorghum sonder enige bewerking met behoud van 'n stoppeldeklaag (GBS) en met die Stoppel verwyder (GBG), verbou is, is gemonster. Grond- koolstofinhoud was 1,82% en 1,15% onderskeidelik. Massas... -
Allocation of resources in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) yield trials
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South AfricaThree replications of twenty-two grain sorghum genotypes were planted in a randomized block design. Plots consisted of three rows. Yield records were taken from eight single plants as well as from 2-m samples of each row. The components of variation... -
Changes in percentage moisture loss of excised leaves of seven field-grown grain sorghum genotypes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South Africa W.J. van den Berg --- , Republic of South AfricaThe objectives of these experiments were to study the seasonal and diurnal changes in percentage moisture loss (PML) and correlated characteristics of excised leaves. Seven grain sorghum genotypes were planted in a randomized block design and their PML and the... -
The inheritance of percentage moisture loss in sorghum leaves
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South AfricaThe inheritance of drought resistance and agronomic characteristics of field-grown sorghum plants was determined. High heritabilities were recorded for each characteristic. The genetic differences of percentage moisture loss were due to genes exhibiting incomplete dominance. The agronomic characteristics of plant... -
Relationships between yield, base temperature and drought resistance in grain sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South AfricaThe object of this study was to investigate the interrelationship between yield, its components, base temperature and drought resistance of grain sorghum. Seven commercial cultivars and 27 F1 progenies were compared in two separate randomized block trials. A total of... -
The inheritance of base temperature in grain sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South AfricaTwo different methods were used to identify the genetic determinants of the base temperatures of sorghum seeds which were germinated at 15°C. These were a factorial mating design and a crossing system to identify lines which contain the greatest number... -
Efficacy of fungicide seed dressings in the control of pre- and post-emergence damping-off and seedling blight of sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.W. Mc Laren --- , Republic of South Africa F. H.J. Rijkenberg --- , Republic of South AfricaA field trial to determine the efficacy of captab seed dressing in reducing the incidence of pre- and post-emergence damping-off and the severity of seedling blight of sorghum was carried out. Tests on four commercial sorghum hybrids showed this fungicide... -
Host plant preference by the maize stalk borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. B.J. van Rensburg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa J. van den Berg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South AfricaSome graminaceous fodder crops were compared to maize and grain sorghum for ovipositional preference by Busseola fusca (Fuller) under laboratory conditions. The infestation potential of different crops was increased by the incidence of tillering, infestation being enhanced by the availability... -
Damage caused by Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to various cultivars of grain sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. van den Berg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa J. B.J. van Rensburg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa K.L. Pringle --- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Republic of South AfricaGrain sorghum cultivars differed significantly in yield response to natural Chilo partellus infestations over a period two seasons. These differences were ascribed to cultivar characteristics of which differences in length of growing season requirements were the most important. Differences in... -
Unavoidable losses in insecticidal control of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in maize and grain sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. ven den Berg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa J. B.J. van Rensburg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South AfricaSingle applications of insecticide against Chilo partellus at different times in the pre-flowering stages of maize and from early whorl to soft dough stage in grain sorghum were compared with multiple applications. Based on yield and the incidence of damaged... -
The effect of plant density on the injuriousness of Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in grain sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. van den Berg --- , Republic of South Africa J. B.J. van Rensburg --- , Republic of South Africa J.H. Giliomee --- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Republic of South AfricaThe influence of five different plant densities on whorl damage, internal damage, tillering and yield of grain sorghum under attack by Busseola fusca was evaluated over two seasons, using artificial infestation of three egg batches (90 eggs) per 5-m row... -
Infestation and injury levels of stem borers in relation to yield potential of grain sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. van den Berg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa J. B.J. van Rensburg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South AfricaThe infestation patterns of the stem borer species Busseola fusca (Fuller) and Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) and the effect on plant yield, tiller number, plant height, peduncle length and internal damage were determined under conditions of differential nitrogen fertilization and soil... -
The inheritance of drought resistance characteristics in grain sorghum seedlings
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South AfricaA factorial crossing method was used to study the inheritance of and the relationship between characteristics which are related to drought resistance in grain sorghum seedlings. The potential for improving drought resistance in grain sorghum seedlings was verified by the... -
Stem borers in grain sorghum: I. Injury patterns with time after crop emergence
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. B.J. van Rensburg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa J. van den Berg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South AfricaThe progression of different categories of plant damage caused by Busseola fusca (Fuller) and Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) with time after crop emergence was determined through regular sampling from nine sorghum plantings in each of three seasons. Tillers were more prone... -
Stem borers in grain sorghum: II. Yield loss compensation in relation to borer attack
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. B.J. van Rensburg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa J. van den Berg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South AfricaThe yields of Individual stems of grain sorghum In different categories of tillering and of injury by the stem borers Busseolafusca (Fuller) and Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) were obtained from nine plantings In each of three seasons. Tillering was stimulated by... -
Status of resistance to Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in South African grain sorghum hybrids
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. van den Berg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa J. B.J. van Rensburg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa M.C. van der Westhuizen --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Republic of South AfricaThe level of resistance to Chilo partellus was evaluated in 49 commercially available grain sorghum hybrids using artificial infestation in each of two field trials. The assessment of leaf feeding damage on a scale of one to nine indicated levels... -
The inheritance of seedling growth rate in grain sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South AfricaThe inheritance of growth rate in grain sorghum seedlings was studied in two factorial crossing systems. The presence of both additive and dominance genetic variation was indicated. The additive gene effects played a greater role. At least three genetic factors... -
Rapid viability tests for kernels of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: H.A. van de Venter --- , Republic of South Africa G. Barla-Szabo --- , Republic of South AfricaVarious procedures were evaluated for their potential as rapid viability tests for kernels of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.). The tests included were a specific gravity test, a conductivity test (with drastically reduced soaking periods), the determination of glutamic... -
Efficacy of systemic fungicides and timing of preventative sprays in the control of sugary disease of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.W. McLaren --- , Republic of South AfricaEight systemic fungicides, benomyl, bitertanol, carbendazim/flusilazol, CG169374, procymidone, propiconazole, terbuconazole and triadimenol, were evaluated in two separate field trials during the 1989/90 and 1990/91 seasons to determine their efficacy against the control of sugary disease of sorghum with a single... -
The genetic variability of malt quality and related characteristics in grain sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South Africa A.J. Pretorius --- , Republic of South AfricaThe inheritance of and relationships between diastatic power, seed texture, steep mass, malt mass, dry malt mass, rate of moisture uptake during malting and percentage moisture of malt were analysed by means of a factorial crossing design, which involved the... -
Development of a chemical control strategy for Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in grain sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. van den Berg --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa M.C. van der Westhuizen --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Republic of South AfricaFour field trials were conducted over three seasons to determine the optimum plant growth stages for single and follow-up insecticide applications for the control of Chilo partellus in grain sorghum. The insecticide was applied at various vegetative and reproductive plant... -
Comparison of various directional insecticide sprays against Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in sorghum and maize
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. van den Berg --- , Republic of South Africa J. B.J. van Rensburg --- , Republic of South AfricaThree methods of directional insecticide application against Busseola fusca and Chilo partellus infestations in the late growth stages of sorghum and maize were compared over two seasons. An insecticide mixture consisting of endosulfan and deltamethrin was applied 10 days after... -
Crop rotation and tillage effects on yield and the incidence of root and stalk rot in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: B.C. Flett --- , Republic of South AfricaThe effect of six crop rotation systems, planted under conventional and reduced tillage, on root and stalk rot and grain yield of sorghum was studied. The systems were applied for five seasons until 1991/92 when the effects of the systems... -
Release of three grain sorghum pure line varieties in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: P. Setimela --- Department of Agricultural Research, Botswana C.S. Manthe --- Department of Agricultural Research, Botswana L. Mazhani --- Department of Agricultural Research, Botswana A.B. Obilana --- , ZimbabweThree sorghum varieties, Macia, SDS 2583 and Bot 79, were cooperatively developed by the Botswana National Agricultural Research System (NARS) and the Southern African Development Community/International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (SADC/ICRISAT). These were jointly tested for four... -
The combining ability of RTx432 for Sorghum malt quality and stem borer resistance
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South Africa J. van den Berg --- , Republic of South Africa M. Bloem --- , Republic of South AfricaCombining ability of R-lines with respect to malt quality and stem borer resistance was evaluated in two trials. Crosses between three R-lines and eight R-lines were made for malt quality and three R-lines and seven R-lines for stem borer resistance... -
Effect of moisture stress on sorghum yield and its components
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South AfricaA sample of 48 sorghum varieties and inbred lines were planted in randomized block designs in two trials, one of which was irrigated. The effect of moisture stress on grain yield, tillering, seeds per ear, ear mass, seeds per plot,... -
Resistance of sorghum hybrids to ergot caused by Claviceps africana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.W. McLaren --- , Republic of South AfricaThirty-one sorghum hybrids were evaluated for ergot ‘escape’ resistance at Bethlehem and Potcherstroom during the 1996/97 and 1997/98 seasons. Trials were designed so that flowering and artificial inoculation occurred over a range of flowering dates and thus, ergot potentials Non-linear... -
Heterosis and Xenia in sorghum malt quality
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , Republic of South Africa A.J. Pretorius --- , Republic of South AfricaWhen sorghum hybrids replaced varieties in South Africa, the average malt quality quantified as sorghum diastatic units (SDU) declined. Additionally, malt quality of sorghum needs to be increased if sorghum is to be used as extenders or substitutes for barley... -
Grain yield response and Chilo partellus infestation in diverse sorghum-cowpea intercrop arrangements
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: K.K. Ayisi --- Department of Plant Production, Republic of South Africa M.S. Mposi --- Department of Plant Production, Republic of South Africa J. van den Berg --- , Republic of South AfricaYield improvement and insect pest control in intercropping systems relative to sole cultures has been variable and inconsistent over habitats, component species, varieties, density, row arrangement, soil fertility and moisture. This study was initiated to quantify yield response of two... -
Response of three sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) varieties to soil moisture stress at different developmental stages
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: M. Munamava --- Department of Agricultural Research, Botswana I. Riddoch --- , BotswanaThree varieties (Segaolane, Mahube and Phofu) of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) that were selected in Botswana, were water-stressed at the vegetative, booting and flowering stages in a pot experiment under glasshouse conditions. Stomatal conductance was reduced by water stress... -
Laboratory assay to determine efficacy of insecticides for control of the spotted maize beetle, Astylus atromaculatus Blanchard (Coleoptera: Melyridae), a pest of sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: H. du Plessis --- , South Africa J. van den Berg --- , South AfricaSpotted maize beetle, (Astylus atromaculatus), African boll- worm, (Helicoverpa armigera) and various aphid species attack sorghum from flowering onwards. The possibility of simultaneous control of these pests with a single application of an insecticide exists. The efficacy of insecticides registered... -
Evaluation of sorghum hybrids for resistance to the root rot complex
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.W. McLaren --- , South AfricaSeventy-one sorghum hybrids were evaluated for root rot resistance at Bethlehem and Potchefstroom, South Africa, from 1995/96 to 1998/99. Mean root rot severity ranged from 30.3% in PAN8494 to 41.3% in PAN8061 and root rot severity of hybrids differed significantly... -
Evaluation of sorghum inbred lines for milling quality
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: P.S. Setimela --- , Botswana D.J. Andrews --- Department of Agronomy,Fourteen sorghum inbred lines and one sorghum variety were evaluated for qualitative parameters relating to milling quality. Grain hardness, flour yield, flour particle size and alkali water retention capacity criteria were measured. These quality criteria directly influence acceptability of newly... -
Status of resistance of sorghum hybrids to the aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Homoptera: Aphididae)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. van den Berg --- , South AfricaFour field trials were conducted over four seasons during the period from 1996/97 to 2000/2001 to determine the status of resistance of South African sorghum hybrids to natural infestation by the aphid Melanaphis sacchari. Aphid damage symptoms were evaluated on... -
Rainfall and the prediction of sorghum yield in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W.G. Wenzel --- , South AfricaSorghum yield of smallholder farmers is low and that of commercial farmers remained stagnant from 1980 to 1997. The most important production constraint was identified by correlating within season rainfall with annual average sorghum yield. The results indicate that moisture... -
Effect of leaf feeding by Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Homoptera: Aphididae), on sorghum grain quality
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. van den Berg --- , South Africa A.J. Pretorius --- , South Africa M. van Loggerenberg --- , South AfricaA study was conducted to determine the effect of leaf feeding by the aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, on grain quality of sorghum. A field trial was planted with two sub-blocks. Each sub-block was planted with ten similar sorghum hybrids. One sub-block... -
Evaluation of maize cultivars and rotation crops for resistance to damage by fungus-growing termites
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: H.F. Riekert --- , South Africa J. van den Berg --- , South AfricaThe fungus-growing termites, Microtermes spp. and Allodontermes spp. are important maize pests in sub-Saha- ran Africa. The use of sunflower and sorghum as alternate or rotation crops with maize to reduce termite infestations was evaluated in field trials in South... -
Efficacy of fungicides in the control of ergot (Claviceps africana) in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) hybrid seed production
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.W. McLaren --- ,Ergot is a disease of unfertilized sorghum ovaries. It is particularly prevalent in seed production where losses may average 10–20% per annum. Protection of the ovary during the critical period of flower opening to fertilization could reduce losses and increase,... -
Productivity and stability of grain yield in maize and sorghum as affected by rotational cropping systems in the north western Free State
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: H.L. Loubser --- , Republic of South Africa A.A. Nel --- , Republic of South AfricaThe beneficial effects of crop rotation have long been researched and recognised in the world. Research results on crop rotation in South Africa are limited. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of crop rotation with groundnut,... -
Sorghum malting quality as affected by availability of suitable cultivars
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: M. van Loggerenberg --- , A.J. Pretorius --- ,Malting quality of grain samples of commercially available malting class sorghum cultivars was determined over five seasons and three localities for each season. The number of cultivars included in the National Sorghum Cultivar Trials has declined in recent years. The... -
Growth and yield compensation in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) as a function of planting density and nitrogen fertilizer in semi-arid areas of northeastern Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Wondimu Bayu --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, South Africa N. F.G. Rethman --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, South Africa P.S. Hammes --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, South AfricaAn experiment was conducted at two locations in northeastern (NE) Ethiopia to determine the effect of population density on the growth, yield and nitrogen use efficiency of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) under two levels of nitrogen fertilizer application. Eight... -
Physical and chemical properties associated with food quality in sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N. Geleta --- Department of Plant Sciences, South Africa M.T. Labuschagne --- Department of Plant Sciences, South Africa G. Osthoff --- Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, South Africa A. Hugo --- Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, South Africa C. Bothma --- Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, South AfricaSamples of 13 genetically diverse sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] accessions were analysed for physical properties and chemical composition. The food (injera) quality and the phenolic (condensed tannins) content of six sorghum samples were also determined. The accessions showed a... -
Determining milling performance of sorghum cultivars by means of abrasive decortication and roller milling techniques
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: M. van der Merwe --- , Republic of South Africa G. Osthoff --- Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Technology, Republic of South Africa A.J. Pretorius --- , Republic of South AfricaAlthough roller milling has been successfully applied to produce sorghum meal, the South African sorghum milling industry mostly uses abrasive decortication milling. The first objective of this study was to develop a laboratory-scale roller milling technique for a scaled-down roller... -
Phytotoxicity resulting from pre-emergence graminicides in sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: A. E. J. Saayman-du Toit --- , South AfricaThis study was prompted by sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) producers reporting phytotoxicity when using graminicides under unfavourable environmental conditions. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in which five graminicides were evaluated at two temperature regimes, using 10 cultivars. Registered dosage... -
Relationship between ergot and grain mould development in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: G. Tarekegn --- Centre for Plant Health Management, Department of Plant Sciences, South Africa N.W. McLaren --- Centre for Plant Health Management, Department of Plant Sciences, South Africa W.J. Swart --- Centre for Plant Health Management, Department of Plant Sciences, South AfricaA greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the influence of sorghum ergot on the incidence of grain mould pathogens and on damage to sorghum grains. Grain mould pathogens used were Curvularia lunata, Fusarium subglutinans and Phoma sorghina. Inoculation with the... -
Effect of watering and seedling density on field establishment and performance of pearl millet and sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: S. Mapfumo --- Department of Crop Science, Zimbabwe C. Chiduza --- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, South Africa E.M. Young --- , UK F.S. Murungu --- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, South Africa P. Nyamudeza --- , ZimbabweThe practice of transplanting seedlings from nurseries was used as a strategy to improve stand establishment in pearl millet and sorghum in a semi arid area of Zimbabwe. A nursery experiment evaluated three watering regimes namely, watering after depletion to... -
Effect of cultivar, seedling age and leaf clipping on establishment, growth and yield of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) transplants
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: S. Mapfumo --- Department of Crop Science, Zimbabwe C. Chiduza --- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, South Africa E.M. Young --- , UK F.S. Murungu --- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, South Africa P. Nyamudeza --- , ZimbabweThis study explored the viability of intensifying pearl millet and sorghum production through use of nurseries and transplanting to address the problem of poor stand establishment. The experiments were carried out over two seasons, the 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 seasons in... -
The effect of grain mould fungi on sorghum malt quality and its management during malting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: M.T. Tesfaendrias --- , South Africa N.W. McLaren --- , South Africa W.J. Swart --- , South AfricaThe effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at various concentrations during steeping in reducing the growth of grain mould fungi and the improvement of malt quality was tested. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences in grain mould fungal frequency, percentage germination and... -
Effects of relay inter-cropping summer cover crops with maize on cover crop biomass and maize yields in a warm-temperate region of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: F.S. Murungu --- Department of Agriculture, South Africa C. Chiduza --- Department of Agronomy, South Africa P. Muchaonyerwa --- Department of Agronomy, South AfricaLittle research attention has been given to growing summer cover crops as part of conservation agriculture systems. Three cover crops (sorghum [Sorghum bicolor], mucuna [Mucuna pruriens] and sunhemp [Crotalaria juncea]) were relay-intercropped into maize [Zea mays] 42 days after planting... -
Dry matter yield and quality of five annual subtropical fodder crops at different irrigation levels
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: D Marais N F G Rethman J G AnnandaleMaize, soybean, cowpeas, fodder sorghum and pearl millet were cultivated in a small plot trial under a rain shelter. The crops were subjected to four irrigation levels. The yields of fodder sorghum and pearl millet were better under severely water... -
New Sudangrass forage cultivars selected from the original population (Sorghum bicolor ‘Garawi’, syn. S. sudanense)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: MaaroufI Mohammed --- Forage Research Program, SudanThe study represents the first efforts since 1909 to develop improved Sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, syn. S. sudanense (Piper) Stapf) cultivars from the original genetic stock existing in the Sudan. Seven Sudangrass genotypes generated by individual plant selection within... -
The application of the Zero Emissions Research and Initiatives (ZERI) concept in an integrated industry-polyculture-farm system in Namibia: The case of Tunweni Sorghum Brewery
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: DO OkeyoOne major area dealt with by the concept of Zero Emissions Research and Initiatives (ZERI) is the utilisation of huge volumes of nutrient-rich waters from household toilets, kitchen sinks and municipal and organo-industries for integrated purposes. The arrangements at the... -
A genetic diversity analysis of South African sorghum genotypes using SSR markers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Alina Mofokeng --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, School of Agricultural, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, South Africa Hussein Shimelis --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, School of Agricultural, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, South Africa Pangirayi Tongoona --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, School of Agricultural, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, South Africa Mark Laing --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, School of Agricultural, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, South AfricaDiverse landraces of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) are widely grown by smallholder farmers in South Africa. The objective of the study was to assess the genetic diversity present in South African sorghum genotypes using genetic distances as measured by... -
Sorghum production systems and constraints, and coping strategies under drought-prone agro-ecologies of Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Beyene A Amelework --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, South Africa Hussein A Shimelis --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, South Africa Pangirayi Tongoona --- West African Centre for Crop Improvement, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Ghana Fentahun Mengistu --- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia Mark D Laing --- African Centre for Crop Improvement, South Africa Dawit Getnet Ayele --- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, South AfricaSorghum is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide after wheat, rice, maize and barley. Examining the present socio-economic conditions of sorghum-producing farmers in different agro-ecologies in Ethiopia is of importance for the design of improvement strategies. The objectives... -
Agromorphological diversity of South African sorghum genotypes assessed through quantitative and qualitative phenotypic traits
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Alina M Mofokeng --- Agricultural Research Council–Grain Crops Institute, South Africa Hussein A Shimelis --- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, African Centre for Crop Improvement, South Africa Mark D Laing --- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, African Centre for Crop Improvement, South AfricaKnowledge of genetic diversity among sorghum genotypes is essential for their efficient utilisation in plant breeding schemes and effective conservation. The objective of this study was to assess the level of genetic diversity present among South African sorghum genotypes using... -
Genetic interrelationship of sweet stem sorghum genotypes assessed with simple sequence repeat markers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Precious Mangena --- School of Agricultural Earth and Environmental Sciences, South Africa Hussein A Shimelis --- African Center for Crop Improvement, South Africa Mark D Laing --- Plant Pathology, South Africa Amelework A Beyene --- African Center for Crop Improvement, South AfricaKnowledge of genetic diversity within and among populations provides essential information in employing appropriate management strategies for germplasm conservation and for establishing a successful breeding program. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic interrelationships among phenotypically selected... -
Quantification of sorgoleone in sorghum accessions from eight southern African countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Handsen Tibugari --- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, South Africa Cornelius Chiduza --- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, South Africa Arnold B Mashingaidze --- Department of Crop Science and Post-Harvest Technology, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Zimbabwe Stanford Mabasa --- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, ZimbabweAllelopathic effects of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) can ease weed pressure and improve grain yields if cultivars capable of producing high levels of natural chemicals effective in suppressing weeds of economic importance are identified. Three hundred and fifty three... -
Socio-economic and Institutional Factors Influencing Uptake of Improved Sorghum Technologies in Embu, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal • Authors: EL Chimoita --- Department of Agricultural Economics, Kenya CM Onyango --- Department of Crop Science and Protection, Kenya JP Gweyi-Onyango --- Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kenya JW Kimenju --- Department of Crop Science and Protection, KenyaFarmers’ socio-economic status and institutional support play a complementary role in influencing adoption of various improved agricultural value chain technologies. Despite considerable research efforts towards improving sorghum production and commercialisation to improve farmers’ socio-economic wellbeing in Kenya, a marginal number... -
Farmer knowledge, attitude and practices on sorghum allelopathy in five sorghum producing districts of Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: H Tibugari --- , South Africa C Chiduza --- , South Africa AB Mashingaidze --- , ZimbabweLack of knowledge about allelopathy technology may be a barrier to the adoption of allelopathy by farmers. A questionnaire survey together with physical weed sampling in farmers’ fields were conducted to examine farmer knowledge, attitude and practices on sorghum allelopathy... -
High sorgoleone autotoxicity in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) varieties that produce high sorgoleone content
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: H Tibugari --- , South Africa C Chiduza --- , South Africa AB Mashingaidze --- , Zimbabwe S Mabasa --- , ZimbabweSorghum autotoxicity can inhibit germination and growth, resulting in low plant densities and reduced crop productivity. Three sorghum varieties (Dhlakama, Shirikure and Macia) were evaluated for autotoxicity in 2018 at the University of Zimbabwe. Experiments were set up for 3... -
Assessment of genetic diversity in sorghum germplasm using agro-morphological traits
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Thulo Sejake --- , South Africa Nemera Shargie --- , South Africa Riann Christian --- , South Africa Toi Tsilo --- , South AfricaSorghum is one of the most important cereal crops grown in arid/semi-arid regions of the world. Despite its importance, sorghum production and productivity are constrained by the use of low yielding cultivars, which are susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses... -
Sludge as an initial nutrient driver for yield improvement in the poor soils of northern Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Ehsan Ebrahimi --- University of Rostock, Germany Jana Zinkernagel --- Hochschule Geisenheim University, GermanyThe northern part of Namibia suffers from drought and low-quality soil. The soil needs a boost of nutrients, and the water must be used in a frugal manner. Thereby, the objective of this research was to investigate the effect of...