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Estimation of grazing by herbivores from analysis of dung
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: L V Mabinya J M Brand J G Raats W S W TrollopeTwo phenolic acids, p-coumaric and ferulic acid, can be liberated from grass material by mild alkaline hydrolysis and resolved by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The two acids can also be recovered from the dung of various herbivores and their presence... -
Confidentiality and Privacy: What is the difference?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Knapp D van Bogaert --- Steve Biko Centre for Bioethics, Faculty of Health Sciences, GA Ogunbanjo --- Department of Family Medicine and PHC, Faculty of Health Sciences,In the practice of medicine, the idea of confidentiality is articulated in almost all its oaths, guidelines and codes. Dating at least as far back to the Hippocratics, swearing that “… What I may see or hear in the course... -
The Behaviour and Brain Function of the Cichlid Fish Hemihaplochromis Philander
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Zoologica Africana • Authors: A.J. Ribbink --- Department of Zoology and Entomology,Forebrain extirpations from Hemihaplochromis philander (Pisces: Cichlidae) resulted in a decrease of aggressive (territorial), courtship, and spontaneous behaviour. The stimulus-response latency was found to be increased by the extirpations. Forebrainless males were unable to distinguish between male and female conspecifics... -
A PCR-based method for sex identification in Hippopotamus amphibius
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Richard Beckwitt --- Department of Biology, Framingham State College, U.S.A. Jennifer Shea --- Department of Biology, Framingham State College, U.S.A. Deirdre Osborne --- Department of Biology, Framingham State College, U.S.A. Stephen Krueger --- The Toledo Zoo, U.S.A. William Barklow --- Department of Biology, Framingham State College, U.S.A.Identification of the sex of aquatic mammals such as the hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) is difficult in the field. We have developed a PCR-based method for sex identification in the hippopotamus. This method amplifies a short fragment of the ZFX and... -
Distribution and status of the hippopotamids in the Ivory Coast
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Harald H. Roth --- , Zimbabwe Bernd Hoppe-Dominik --- , Germany Michael Mühlenberg --- v. Siebold Str. 2, Zentrum för Naturschutz der Universität Güttingen, Germany Bernd Steinhauer-Burkart --- , Germany Frauke Fischer --- , GermanyThe distribution and relative abundance of the common hippo (Hippopotamus amphibius) and the pygmy hippo (Hexaprotodon liberiensis) was studied in the Ivory Coast between 1978 and 1986 by questionnaire survey, interviews, local field investigations and aerial censuses. In addition, the... -
Additional morphological information on Oculotrema hippopotami Stunkard, 1924 (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) parasitic on the African hippopotamus
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Louis H. du Preez --- School of Environmental Sciences and Development, South Africa Itumeleng A. Moeng --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South AfricaOculotrema hippopotami Stunkard, 1924, is the only monogenean known from a homoiotherm host, namely the African hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus, 1758). The original description was based on five shrunken, unflattened specimens. Initially O. hippopotami was not widely accepted as a... -
Symbionts of comatulid crinoids in False Bay, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Tessa N. Hempson --- Marine Biology Research Centre and Department of Zoology, South Africa Charles L. Griffiths --- Marine Biology Research Centre and Department of Zoology, South AfricaThis study documents the fauna associated with two common comatulid crinoid species, Comanthus wahlbergi and Tropiometra carinata, in False Bay, South Africa, and describes the patterns of infestation of obligate associate species. A total of 11 invertebrate species was found... -
Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation in Hippopotamus amphibius from Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Richard Beckwitt --- Department of Biology, USA Jessica Barbagallo --- Department of Biology, USA Nickolas Breen --- Department of Biology, USA Julia Hettinger --- Department of Biology, USA Angelo Liquori --- Department of Biology, USA Cesar Sanchez --- Department of Biology, USA Nathalia Vieira --- Department of Biology, USA William Barklow --- Department of Biology, USAPopulations of Hippopotamus amphibius have declined throughout Africa in recent years, and are expected to decline further. An understanding of the population genetics of individual populations of hippos is necessary for effective management. To that end, we sequenced a portion... -
Predatory pelagic fishes of the Bijagós Archipelago (Guinea-Bissau) show high overlap in diets dominated by sardinella
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: E Correia --- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Portugal JP Granadeiro --- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Portugal A Regalla --- Instituto da Biodiversidade e das Áreas Protegidas da Guiné-Bissau (IBAP), Guinea-Bissau E Dias --- Instituto da Biodiversidade e das Áreas Protegidas da Guiné-Bissau (IBAP), Guinea-Bissau A Almeida --- Centro de Investigação Pesqueira Aplicada (CIPA), Guinea-Bissau P Catry --- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), PortugalKnowledge of trophic interactions between the key components of marine communities is required to understand food-web dynamics and develop ecosystem-based management approaches. In West Africa, where fisheries sustain the livelihoods of a significant part of the human population, this understanding... -
Megaherbivore response to droughts under different management regimes: lessons from a large African savanna
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Izak PJ Smit --- , South Africa Mike JS Peel --- , South Africa Sam M Ferreira --- , South Africa Cathy Greaver --- , South Africa Danie J Pienaar --- , South AfricaDroughts are predicted to increase in frequency and intensity for large parts of Africa. It is unclear how this may impact native grazers in protected areas, and how these outcomes may differ under contrasting management approaches. Reducing artificial water sources... -
A review of some aspects of the ecology, population trends, threats and conservation strategies for the common hippopotamus, Hippopotamus amphibius L, in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Beaven Utete --- , ZimbabweThis review explores some ecological aspects of the common hippopotamus (hippo), Hippopotamus amphibius L, threats to its population and contextual peculiarities affecting its conservation in selected water systems in Zimbabwe. Scoping surveys of literature and thematisation of common issues related... -
Interactions between Red-billed Oxpeckers (Buphagus erythrorhynchus) and hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) in the Salambala Conservancy, Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Michael S Lukubwe --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, South Africa Adrian JFK Craig --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, South Africa Charles Byaruhanga --- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South AfricaOxpeckers (Buphagus spp.) play dual roles as mutualists and parasites of large mammals, primarily engaging in ectoparasite removal, with occasional instances of wound feeding. However, studies on their interactions with semi-aquatic species, such as hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius, hereafter hippos), remain...