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The performance of tropical pastures in the drier phase of the Highland sourveld of Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: G.M. Brockett --- Department of Agriculture (Natal Region), N.N. Gray --- Department of Agriculture (Natal Region),Several tropical grasses (Acroceras macrum, Cenchrus ciliaris, Cyndon sp., Digitaria sp. and Pennisetum clandestinum) and legumes (Desmodium uncinatum and Lotononis bainesii) were evaluated at the Kokstad Research Station (Bioclimatic sub‐region 4f of Natal) over a period of seven years. The... -
The effect of stocking rate and lick supplementation on the performance of lactating beef cows and its impact on Highland Sourveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: A. Van Niekerk --- Department of Agriculture (Natal Region), M.B. Hardy --- Department of Agriculture (Natal Region), B.D. Mappledoram --- Department of Agriculture (Natal Region), S.F. Lesch --- Department of Agriculture (Natal Region),The Highland Sourveld of Natal is an important beef producing area. Although it covers only 13% of the total area of the province, it supports 18% of the beef cattle population. -
Growth patterns of Italian ryegrass cultivars established in different seasons
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: D.C.W. Goodenough --- Department of Agriculture (Natal Region), C.I. Macdonald --- Department of Agriculture (Natal Region), A.R.J. Morrison --- Department of Agriculture (Natal Region),A comparison is made between various Italian ryegrass cultivars established under irrigation on a well‐drained upland site during the traditional autumn months, with plantings of the same cultivars at other times of the year. -
Production and quality norms of certain grass species for fodder flow planning: Pretoria area
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: J.O. Grunow --- Department of Plant Production, J.W. Rabie --- Department of Plant Production,Four subtropical (Cenchrus. Digitaria, Anthephora and Sorghum) and two temperate grass species (Festuca. Agrotricum) were grown in a replicated field experiment at three levels of N application, with adequate P and K. Species were mown at 4‐, 6‐ and 8‐weekly... -
The characterization of irrigated Midmar Italian ryegrass in the South Eastern Transvaal Highveld using slaughter lambs
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: H R H Smith --- Department of Agriculture, D I Bransby --- Department of Grassland Science, N M Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science,Four levels of available dry matter (DM) were maintained on a continuously grazed irrigated Midmar Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pasture by means of a “put‐and‐take” grazing procedure. The pasture was stocked with three successive sets of weaned lambs in... -
The influence of stocking rate and grazing system on the crude protein content and digestibility of Tarchonanthus veld in the northern cape1
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: J H Fourie --- Department of Agriculture (Free State Region), E A N Engels --- Department of Agriculture (Free State Region), HeilaL H C DeBruyn --- Department of Agriculture (Free State Region),Four stocking rates (10, 7, 6 and 4 ha/large stock unit), in both rotational and continuous grazing, have been applied with cattle on Tarchonanthus veld. The crude protein content and digestibility of organic matter of handcut samples and herbage samples... -
Estimating grass fuel loads with a disc pasture meter in the Kruger National Park
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: W S W Trollope --- Sub‐Department of Pasture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ciskei A L F Potgieter --- Division of Nature Conservation,The major portion of the fuel load in the savanna areas comprises surface fuels in the form of the standing grass sward. The disc pasture meter was successfully calibrated for estimating grass fuel loads in the main landscapes of the... -
The effect of frequency of defoliation on themeda triandra in the false Thornveld of the Eastern Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: J.E. Danckwerts --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Eastern Cape Region), L.O. Nel --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Eastern Cape Region),Tufts of Themeda triandra were subjected to different frequencies of defoliation during a single season under irrigated and non‐irrigated conditions. Frequent defoliation (> 5 times per year) severely reduced clipped yield on both moisture treatments. On irrigated treatments, root mass... -
Individual animal performance in relation to herbage mass and stocking rate in the Natal Sour Sandveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: J.R. Turner --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaGrazing trials were established at two sites in the Natal Sour Sandveld. The objective of this article was to present the patterns in individual animal performance in relation to herbage mass and stocking rate for the period November 1986 to... -
A conceptual stocking rate model for the moderately dry mixed and sourveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: J.R. Turner --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaResults for the 1986/87 season from 15 grazing trials situated at five sites were used to develop a qualitative model describing the relationships between stocking rate and herbage mass and between stocking rate and individual animal performance. Although it cannot... -
Nitrogen fertilization, stocking rate and rotational grazing effects on steers grazing Pennisetum clandestinum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: D.I. Bransby --- Department of Agronomy and Soils, U.S.A.Kikuyu pastures at the Ukulinga research farm near Pietermaritzburg were fertilized with 150 and 300 kg nitrogen (N) ha−1 in the summer periods of 1985–86 and 1986–87, and were continuously grazed with steers at stocking rates of 5.4, 8.0 and... -
Productivity of one‐ and two‐year‐old steers grazing Coastcross II (Cynodon hybrid) at four stocking rates
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: D.I. Bransby --- Department of Agronomy and Soils, United States of AmericaCoastcross II pastures were continuously grazed with 1‐ or 2‐year‐old steers at stocking rates between 5.4 and 13.4 animals ha−1 in 1985–86 and 1986–87 at the Ukulinga research farm near Pietermaritzburg. In the first season there was no difference between... -
Responses of Italian ryegrass to phosphorus on highly‐weathered soils
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: N. Miles --- Department of Agricultural Development, Republic of South Africa R.J. Eckard --- Department of Agricultural Development, Republic of South Africa J.M. deVilliers --- Department of Agronomy, Republic of South AfricaItalian ryegrass (Loliwn multiflorum cv. Midmar) responses to fertilizer P were studied in field experiments under irrigation on highly‐weathered ferrallitic soils at two localities in Natal. Each experiment was conducted over two seasons (1985 and 1986), the pasture being re‐established... -
Utilization of Lolium multiflorum by sheep 1. Influence of dry matter content and correlated factors on voluntary intake
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: H.H. Meissner --- Department of Livestock Science, Republic of South Africa MarianaM. du Preez --- Department of Livestock Science, Republic of South Africa A.D. Enslin --- Department of Livestock Science, Republic of South Africa E.B. Spreeth --- Department of Livestock Science, Republic of South AfricaThe intake by young sheep of Lolium multiflorum cv. Midmar (ryegrass) with dry matter (DM) contents of between 10.2% and 20.5% was studied. Intake was measured on pasture, while at the same time herbage was cut and fed either fresh... -
Use of the microwave oven for drying herbage samples in the field
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: T. Daines --- Department of Agriculture, Republic of South Africa R.A. Ingpen --- , Republic of South AfricaDrying of herbage samples in the field using a microwave oven powered by a portable generator has saved time and eliminated the transporting of samples to other stations for handling. Microwave drying is compared to drying in conventional forced-air ovens... -
The influence of applied nitrogen on herbage yield and quality of Lolium perenne L. pastures during the establishment year under subtropical conditions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: F.R. McKenzie --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe dry matter (DM) yield, cellulase DM disappearance (CDMD) and herbage nitrogen (N) of sheep-grazed perennial ryegrass [Lolium perenne (L.)] during its establishment year was evaluated. Yield and quality were monitored under N applications ranging from 120 to 720 kg... -
The economic implications of bush encroachment on livestock farming in rangelands of Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: S.K. Mugasi E.N. Sabiiti B.M. TayebwaThe objective of this study was to assess the economic implications of shrub encroachment on pastoral rangeland productivity in Mbarara district, in south western Uganda. Sixty pastoral households were surveyed, thirty of which were grazing on cleared farms (with less... -
Effect of long-term exclusion of fire and herbivory on the soils and vegetation of sour grassland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: L.W. Titshall T.G. O'Connor C.D. MorrisThe effect of long-term exclusion of fire and herbivory, as mediated by aspect, on soils and the structure, composition, and diversity of vegetation was investigated in Döhne Sourveld (34 years), Piet-Retief Sourveld (45 years) and Southern Tall Grassveld (49 years)... -
Use of the dry-weight-rank method of botanical analysis in semi-arid savanna communities
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: B Dekker KP Kirkman SI du PlessisWhen used in combination with the double sampling (or comparative yield) method of yield estimation, the dry-weight-rank method of botanical analysis provides a rapid non-destructive means of estimating botanical composition. The composition is expressed in terms of the contribution of... -
Production and decomposition of plant litter in an arid rangeland of Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: WN Ekaya JI KinyamarioData on litter production and decomposition in an arid rangeland in Kenya was collected over a two-year period. Utter sampling was carried out at monthly intervals using a rectangular 0.25m−2 quadrat frame. Utter within the quadrats was handpicked and washed... -
Analysis of factors affecting milk yield of Ankole cows grazed on natural range pastures in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: S Okello EN Sabiiti HJ SchwartzEffects of seasonal rainfall (RF) and maximum temperature (Tm) variations on milk yield of Ankole cows grazed solely on range pastures were investigated. The resulting changes in herbage growth (HG), herbage yields (HY), herbage crude protein (CPh) and neutral detergent... -
Agronomic evaluation of herbaceous legumes in a subhumid zone of Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: P. Lusembo --- , Uganda M.A. Mohamed‐Saleem --- , Ethiopia T. Abate --- , Ethiopia E.N. Sabiiti --- Department of Crop Science, UgandaSixteen promising forage legume accessions (15 species) were selected from small plot observation trials for agronomic evaluation over three years in a subhumid zone of Uganda. Macrotyloma axillare (Archer) significantly out yielded all other accessions in terms of annual dry... -
Effect of grazing frequency and intensity on Lolium perenne L. pastures under subtropical conditions: Herbage quality
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: F.R. Mckenzie --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa N.M. Tainton --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaThe cellulase dry matter disappearance (CDMD) and herbage nitrogen (N) of Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) were evaluated for pastures grown under subtropical conditions for two years, under five combinations of grazing frequency and intensity, each applied in a rotational grazing... -
Research note: Calibrating a disc pasture meter to estimate grass fuel loads on the Zululand coastal plain
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: B.H. Brockett --- , Republic of South AfricaA disc meter was calibrated to estimate fuel load on the Zululand coastal plain. The regression model was valid for fuel load estimates within a disc height of 1–58 cm. The mean calibrated disc height was 11.8 cm. Estimated fuel... -
Plant and sward response to patch grazing in the Highland Sourveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: B.U. Lütge --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South Africa M.B. Hardy --- KwaZulu‐Natal Department of Agriculture, Republic of South Africa G.P. Hatch --- Department of Grassland Science, Republic of South AfricaSelective grazing by livestock inevitably results in patch grazing. This study was initiated to determine the effects of patch grazing on (1) the vigour of a single grass species, Themeda triandra, and of the sward, and (2) sward species composition... -
Influence of bushdumps on the herbaceous understorey in a mesic Eastern Cape savanna
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: M. Mapuma --- Eastern Cape Department of Agriculture, Republic of South AfiicaStudies of the effects of woody vegetation on herbaceous vegetation in southern Africa have focused almost exclusively on savannas with isolated trees with no attention given to multi‐species bushclump savannas. The influence of multi‐species bushdumps on herbaceous vegetation was investigated... -
Nitrogen uptake of a perennial ryegrass–white clover pasture following strategic nitrogen fertiliser application during the cool seasons in the Western Cape province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: J Labuschagne MB Hardy GA AgenbagThe effect of four fertiliser nitrogen (N) levels (0, 50, 100 or 150 kg N ha−1) applied as a single dressing in either autumn (late April), early winter (early June), late winter (mid July), early spring (late August) or late... -
Dynamics of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and Kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus) pastures associated with white clover (Trifolium repens) in small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of central Mexico
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: --- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), México --- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), México --- , México --- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), MéxicoAn on-farm participatory study was undertaken to assess changes over seasons on the availability, botanical and morphological composition, and nutritive value of herbage from two pastures in small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of central Mexico. One pasture (TF-33) was... -
Effect of botanical composition calibration on the accuracy of undisturbed sward height and comparative yield method techniques for herbage mass estimation in tropical heterogeneous pastures
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Diana Marcela Valencia-Echavarría --- , Colombia Yury Tatiana Granja-Salcedo --- , Colombia David Felipe Nieto-Sierra --- , Colombia Piedad Yanneth Martínez-Oquendo --- , Colombia Gonzalo de Jesús Restrepo-Castañeda --- , Colombia Lucas Esteban Cano-Gallego --- , Colombia Olga Lucía Mayorga-Mogollón --- , ColombiaThis study aimed to evaluate the influence of botanical composition calibration on the accuracy of undisturbed sward height and comparative yield method (CYM) techniques for herbage mass estimation in tropical heterogeneous pastures. Two studies were conducted using two grazing systems...