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Effect of Anti-Fungal Agents on In Vitro Cultures of Eucalyptus grandis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: M.P. Watt --- Department of Biology, South Africa B.A. Gauntlett --- Department of Biology, South Africa F.C. Blakeway --- Department of Biology, South AfricaYoung, small shoot explants of E. grandis were multiplied in the presence of 0,5 and 1 g/ℓ benomyl, 0,25 and 0,5 g/ℓ chlorothalonil, 0,36 and 0,72 g/ℓ propamocarb hydrochloride and 0,002 5 g/ℓ Amphotericin B. The multiplied shoots were then... -
Efficacy of fungicide seed dressings in the control of pre- and post-emergence damping-off and seedling blight of sorghum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.W. Mc Laren --- , Republic of South Africa F. H.J. Rijkenberg --- , Republic of South AfricaA field trial to determine the efficacy of captab seed dressing in reducing the incidence of pre- and post-emergence damping-off and the severity of seedling blight of sorghum was carried out. Tests on four commercial sorghum hybrids showed this fungicide... -
Efficacy of systemic fungicides and timing of preventative sprays in the control of sugary disease of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.W. McLaren --- , Republic of South AfricaEight systemic fungicides, benomyl, bitertanol, carbendazim/flusilazol, CG169374, procymidone, propiconazole, terbuconazole and triadimenol, were evaluated in two separate field trials during the 1989/90 and 1990/91 seasons to determine their efficacy against the control of sugary disease of sorghum with a single... -
The economic benefits of fungicide treatment of maize for the control of grey leaf spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis) in KwaZulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. M.J. Ward --- , Republic of South Africa M. A.G. Darroch --- Department of Agricultural Economics, Republic of South Africa M.D. Laing --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Republic of South Africa A. L.P. Cairns --- Department of Agronomy, Republic of South Africa H.M. Dicks --- Department of Statistics and Biometry, South AfricaGrey leaf spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis Tehon and E.Y. Daniels) is a relatively new disease of maize in South Africa and is capable of reducing grain yields by 20–60% in KwaZulu-Natal. Fungicides are widely used for control, but must be applied... -
Number of isolates of maize root fungi in different crop rotation systems
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: E. Smit --- , South Africa G. D.J van Rensburg --- , South Africa F. H.J. Rijkenberg --- , South AfricaThe effect of monoculture maize and rotation with soybeans, sunflower and groundnuts on the incidence of maize root rot were studied in a long-term rotation trial for three seasons. The number of isolates of the common root colonizing fungi was... -
Effect of zinc carrier on mobilisation of foliar-applied zinc above and below the point of application in ‘Kakamas’ peach seedlings
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. Wooldridge --- , Republic of South Africa C. Schutte --- , Republic of South AfricaIn a pot trial using coarse sand as a potting medium and modified (low zinc) Hoagland solution as a nutrient source, single mid-shoot leaves of mildly zinc deficient ‘Kakamas’ peach seedlings were periodically dipped into aqueous solutions, prepared at 20... -
The impact of leaf rust on spring wheat in the winter rainfall region of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W. H.P. Boshoff --- , Republic of South Africa Z.A. Pretorius --- Department of Plant Pathology, Republic of South Africa B.D. van Niekerk --- , Republic of South AfricaIn a field trial established near Malmesbury in the Western Cape during 1999 the effect of Puccinia triticina on yield and quality of the bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar SST 75 was determined. Information on the efficacy of different... -
Initial studies on fungicide evaluation for efficacy in the management of Fusarium head blight in wheat
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: K. Ntushelo --- , Republic of South Africa W. H. P. Boshoff --- , Republic of South AfricaThe efficacy of the fungicides bromuconazole, carbendazim/epoxiconazole, carbendazim/flusilazole, carbendazim, cypro- conazole, flutriafol, prochloraz, propiconazole and tebucona- zole in controlling head blight was determined in the greenhouse. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) spikes of cultivar SST 38 were inoculated at the onset... -
Fungicide efficacy and the impact of stripe rust on spring and winter wheat in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W. H.P. Boshoff --- , Republic of South Africa Z.A. Pretorius --- Department of Plant Sciences, Republic of South Africa B.D. van Niekerk --- , Republic of South AfricaField trials were conducted from 1997 to 1999, in both the winter and summer rainfall areas of South Africa, to determine the effect of Puccinia striiformis Westend, f. sp. tritici Erikss. on yield and quality of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum... -
Efficacy of fungicides in the control of ergot (Claviceps africana) in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) hybrid seed production
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.W. McLaren --- ,Ergot is a disease of unfertilized sorghum ovaries. It is particularly prevalent in seed production where losses may average 10–20% per annum. Protection of the ovary during the critical period of flower opening to fertilization could reduce losses and increase,... -
The characterization of Pythium group G occurring on kenaf in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: M.T. Tesfaendrias --- Department of Plant Sciences, South Africa W.J. Swart --- Department of Plant Sciences, South Africa W. Botha --- , South AfricaKenaf provides a source of high quality cellulose fibers and its cultivation is being investigated in South Africa with a view to commercial production. In March 2001, kenaf plants in experimental plots near Bloemfontein, South Africa, developed large, black sunken... -
Fungicide sensitivity in Tapesia yallundae populations collected from 15 wheat fields in the Western Cape province of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: K. Ntushelo --- Department of Plant Pathology, Republic of South Africa P.W. Crous --- Department of Plant Pathology, Republic of South AfricaIn the Western Cape province of South Africa, eyespot disease (Tapesia yallundae) of wheat is primarily controlled by fungicide applications. Previous studies have shown, however, that isolates of T. yallundae vary in their response to fungicides. In the present study,... -
In-vitro inhibition of mycelial growth of several phytopathogenic fungi by soluble potassium silicate
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: T.F. Bekker --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, C. Kaiser --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, R. v.d. Merwe --- department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, N. Labuschagne --- department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology,Soluble silicon has been reported to suppress some plant diseases, but in vitro inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi has not been demonstrated. In the current study in-vitro dose-responses towards soluble potassium silicate (20.7% SiO2) were determined for Phytophthora cinnamomi, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,... -
The antifungal activity of potassium silicate and the role of pH against selected plant pathogenic fungi in vitro
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: T. F. Bekker --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, South Africa C. Kaiser --- , USA N. Labuschagne --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South AfricaIn-vitro inhibition of mycelial growth of phytopathogenic fungi grown on potassium silicate amended media has been demonstrated. In the current study the respective effects on fungal growth of changes in the pH of growth medium with increased concentrations of potassium... -
DECOMPOSITION IN FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Limnological Society of Southern Africa • Authors: R.D. Robarts --- , South AfricaThis review examines the sources and composition of organic matter and the decomposition of particulate and dissolved organic matter (POM and DOM) in freshwater ecosystems. The main points to emerge from the review are listed below. -
Survival and growth of Pinus patula at two years in response to harvest residue and pest management, in Mpumalanga, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: Carol Rolando --- , Ross Allan --- ,Previous research has indicated that the presence of harvesting residues, post-planting tern perature and rainfall, and insect pests and diseases, are among the main causes of mortality during re-establishment of Pinus patula stands. The main objectives of this work were... -
Effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the protection of Uapaca kirkiana seedlings against root pathogens in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: K Ramachela --- Department of Forest and Wood Science, South Africa JM Theron --- Department of Forest and Wood Science, South AfricaInvestigations carried out on the use of ectomycorhhizal fungi in the management of Uapaca kirkiana root diseases caused by three pathogens (Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora parasitica and Pseudomonas solani) revealed that different mycorrhizal fungi vary in their ability to protect roots... -
Successful treatment of cutaneous mucormycosis in a young diabetic with end-stage renal disease using combination systemic antifungal agents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: A Korb --- Life Wilgeheuwel Hospital, South Africa PH Sonnekus --- Life Wilgeheuwel Hospital, South AfricaThis article reports successful eradication of isolated cutaneous mucormycosis in a young poorly controlled type 1 diabetic patient with end-stage renal disease using a combination of systemic antifungal agents and aggressive surgical debridement. -
Relationship between plant growth and organic acid exudates from ectomycorrhizal and non-ectomycorrhizal Pinus patula
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Rasheed Adeleke --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa T Eugene Cloete --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Annick Bertrand --- Soil and Crops Research and Development Centre, Canada Damase P Khasa --- Centre for Forest Research and Institute of Integrative and Systems Biology, CanadaPlant–mycorrhizal interaction is an important association in the ecosystem with significant impacts on the physical, biological and chemical properties of the soil. In the present study, potential relationships that exist between organic acid production by ectomycorrhizal pine seedlings and plant... -
Diversity and identification of fungi associated with needles of Pinus radiata in Tasmania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Istiana Prihatini --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Australia Morag Glen --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Australia Tim J Wardlaw --- Forestry Tasmania, Hobart, Australia Caroline L Mohammed --- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, AustraliaNeedle fungi have been extensively studied in conifers but rarely in Pinus radiata. Previous studies of P. radiata have been based on fungal isolation and not direct PCR detection from needles. This research was a component of a study examining... -
Adoption of agrochemical management practices among smallholder cocoa farmers in Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Gideon Danso-Abbeam --- SAEES – Discipline of Agricultural Economics, South Africa Lloyd J. S. Baiyegunhi --- SAEES – Discipline of Agricultural Economics, South AfricaThis study explores smallholder cocoa farmers’ adoption decisions of agrochemical inputs in the Ghanaian cocoa industry using farm-level data collected from a sample of 838 farm households in four cocoa producing regions. Multivariate probit and Tobit models were used to... -
Integrated control of mango blossom malformation in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Magaritha H Schoeman --- Agricultural Research Council–Tropical and Subtropical Crops, South Africa Ncobile B Zulu --- Agricultural Research Council–Tropical and Subtropical Crops, South Africa F André Botha --- Agricultural Research Council–Tropical and Subtropical Crops, South Africa Frikkie J Calitz --- Agricultural Research Council–Biometry, South AfricaMango malformation disease (MMD) is a serious disease worldwide, causing severe economic losses annually. In South Africa, recommendations for managing MMD are to break out malformed inflorescences when clearly visible. Despite these recommendations, high incidences of MMD were reported during... -
An artificial inoculation protocol for Uromycladium acaciae, cause of a serious disease of Acacia mearnsii in southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Stuart Fraser --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, South Africa Alistair R McTaggart --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, South Africa Julian Moreno Chan --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South Africa Thobile Nxumalo --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South Africa Louise S Shuey --- Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, South Africa Michael J Wingfield --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, South Africa Jolanda Roux --- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, South AfricaUromycladium acaciae is the cause of a severe wattle rust epidemic in plantations of Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) in southern Africa. Research on the biology of this damaging rust is assisting in the development of control strategies. One strategy under... -
Assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore density and viability in soil stockpiles of South African opencast coal mines
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Obinna T Ezeokoli --- Agricultural Research Council–Institute for Soil, South Africa Cyril C Nwangburuka --- Agricultural Research Council–Institute for Soil, South Africa Rasheed A Adeleke --- Agricultural Research Council–Institute for Soil, South Africa Ashira Roopnarain --- Agricultural Research Council–Institute for Soil, South Africa D Garry Paterson --- Agricultural Research Council–Institute for Soil, South Africa Mark S Maboeta --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, South Africa Cornelius C Bezuidenhout --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, South AfricaThe symbioses between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and plant roots is essential for nutrient uptake and growth of most vascular plants. Soil condition and management influence the density and viability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) spores. In this study, AMF... -
Screening of ectomycorrhizal and other associated fungi in South African forest nurseries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: V Chartier FitzGerald --- , South Africa J Dames --- , South Africa G Hawley --- , South AfricaThe South African forestry industry covers approximately 1.3 million hectares and is dependent on exotic pine and eucalypt species. Nursery seedlings are not inoculated with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. This investigation assessed levels of naturally occurring ECM colonisation of Pinus patula... -
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides s.l. causes an outbreak of anthracnose of cacao in Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: EK Asare --- , Ghana O Domfeh --- , Ghana SW Avicor --- , Ghana P Pobee --- , Ghana Y Bukari --- , Ghana I Amoako-Attah --- , GhanaOutbreak of anthracnose of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), covering an estimated total growing area of 248.47 hectares, occurred in parts of Ghana from July to October 2019. Disease samples were collected from the outbreak areas to isolate and identify the... -
An evaluation of the environmental behaviour, fate and risk of key pesticides used in South African forest plantations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Noxolo Nokwethemba Ndlovu --- , South Africa Keith Little --- , South Africa Brenda Baillie --- , New Zealand Carol Rolando --- , New ZealandPesticides are important for the management of pests and diseases that have a negative impact on the sustainability of the forestry industry. Nevertheless, there is a trend to reduce pesticide use owing to the potential detrimental impacts they pose to... -
Application of intermittent warming to enhance postharvest quality and extend the shelf life of pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Olaniyi Amos Fawole --- , South Africa Loriane Jennifer Ayo-ola Yanclo --- , South Africa Umezuruike Linus Opara --- , South AfricaIntermittent warming (IW) cycles slow down the physiology of fresh horticultural commodities, thereby extending their storage life. We investigated the effects of IW on physiological disorders, physicochemical, sensory parameters and the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of pomegranate (Punica... -
Foliar fungicides provide chemical control of Fusarium head blight of wheat in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Gerhardus J van Coller --- , South Africa Frederik J Kloppers --- , South Africa Vicky M Coetzee --- , South Africa Toinette van Rooyen --- , South Africa Lindy J Rose --- , South Africa Sandra C Lamprecht --- , South Africa Altus Viljoen --- , South AfricaChemical control of a yield-limiting, quality-reducing wheat disease like Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an important management strategy; however, no fungicides are registered against it in South Africa. The aim of this study was to determine foliar fungicides and seed... -
The role of oil price in determining the relationship between cryptocurrencies and non-fungible assets
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Investment Analysts Journal • Authors: Omar Bani-Khalaf --- Rauf Denktas University, Nigar Taspinar --- Eastern Mediterranean University,This study aimed to explain the relationship between bitcoin and nonfungible tokens (NFTs) to determine if the NFT is an alternative investment to bitcoin or a complement during oil price uncertainty. The results showed a comovement between NFT and bitcoin... -
An allele-specific PCR assay for detection of mutations that confer benzimidazole resistance and zoxamide sensitivity in Phyllosticta citricarpa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Beatrix Coetzee --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Elma Carstens --- Citrus Research International (Pty) Ltd, South Africa Gerhardus C Schutte --- Avima (Pty) Ltd, South Africa Elaine Basson --- Citrus Research International (Pty) Ltd, South Africa Mia J Groeneveld --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Tankiso Mpholo --- Land Reform and Rural Development, South Africa Providence Moyo --- Citrus Research International (Pty) Ltd, South Africa Jessica C Winn --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Paul H Fourie --- Citrus Research International (Pty) Ltd, South Africa Aletta E Bester van der Merwe --- Stellenbosch University, South AfricaPhyllosticta citricarpa is the causative agent of citrus black spot (CBS), a cosmetic fungal disease that has been reported in most of the citrus-growing regions of the world. The occurrence of CBS in orchards is predominantly controlled by the application... -
Triazole sensitivity among South African Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici isolates
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Isabella du Toit --- University of the Free State, South Africa Botma Visser --- University of the Free State, South Africa Lisa A Rothmann --- University of the Free State, South Africa Willem HP Boshoff --- University of the Free State, South AfricaFungicide applications are important in the successful production of winter cereals in South Africa (SA). While fungicide treatments are critical for crop protection, genetic selection and inheritance of fungicide resistance will lead to a decline in disease control. In this... -
Sublethal agrochemical residues in South African birds, 1969–2024
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Lorinda A Hart --- BirdLife South Africa, South Africa Linda van den Heever --- BirdLife South Africa, South Africa Jan-Dieter Ludwigs --- , GermanyAvian species serve as a barometer of ecosystem health and have been used to determine the presence of chemicals in the South African environment. We conducted a literature review to determine which sublethal agrochemical active ingredient residues have been tested... -
Mycorrhizal fungi in Acacia mearnsii plantations and native fragments of the Pampas biome, southern Brazil
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Etienne Winagraski --- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil Celso Garcia Auer --- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil Pedro Henrique Riboldi Monteiro --- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil Antônio Rioyei Higa --- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil Glaciela Kaschuk --- Universidade Federal do Paraná, BrazilBlack wattle (Acacia mearnsii) was introduced to southern Brazil in the 1930s without any documented history of microbial inoculation. This study tested the hypothesis that black wattle introduction does not harm indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities or reduce soil...