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Influence of crop production practices on Pythium infections and yield of winter wheat in fumigated and non-fumigated soil
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: D.B. Scott --- Small Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa W.H. Kilian --- Small Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa W.S. Miles --- Small Grain Centre, Republic of South AfricaField trials consisting of different tillage and soil fertility treatments were conducted to study possible causes of yield decline of monoculture winter wheat in the eastern Orange Free State. Soil fumigation with methyl bromide enhanced plant growth, reduced Pythium infections... -
Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in the source water from Lake Chivero, Harare, Zimbabwe, and the presence of cyanotoxins in drinking water
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Lindah Mhlanga Jenny Day Gertrud Cronberg Moses Chimbari Nqobizitha Siziba Heléne AnnadotterThe phytoplankton community and cyanotoxins in Lake Chivero (formerly Lake McIlwaine) and the presence of cyanotoxins in treated drinking water were investigated between 2003 and 2004. A typical seasonal succession of Cyanobacteria species occurred from January to April, Bacillariophyta from... -
Inter- and intra-specific variability in morphogenetics and toxin composition of Alexandrium spp. in Irish coastal waters
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: N Touzet JM Franco R RaineAlexandrium spp. usually occur in low densities during summer along the south and west coasts of Ireland. Field investigations revealed the presence of morphologically similar strains of A. tamarense, A. tamutum and A. minutum. Several strains were cultured, derived through... -
Alexandrium in the Black Sea — identity, ecology and PSP toxicity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: A Vershinin S Morton T Leighfield S Pankov L Smith M Quilliam J RamsdellAlexandrium cf. tamarense was recorded for the first time along the north-eastern coast of the Black Sea in July 2001. Since then, it has been observed annually between May and October. A maximum density of Alexandrium spp. of 9 000... -
Accumulation of brevetoxins by passive sampling devices
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: D Shea P Tester J Cohen S Kibler S VarnamWe report on initial investigations into the use of polymer-based passive sampling devices for the chronic time-integrated measure of brevetoxins in natural waters. Polyethylene membranes readily accumulated brevetoxins, but reached steady state within a few days, likely owing to surface... -
Cyanobacteria species identified in the Weija and Kpong reservoirs, Ghana, and their implications for drinking water quality with respect to microcystin
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: G Addico J Hardege J Komarek P Babica KAA de Graft-JohnsonThe Kpong and Weija reservoirs supply drinking water to Accra, Ghana. This study was conducted to identify the cyanobacteria present in these reservoirs and to ascertain whether current treatment processes remove whole cyanobacteria cells from the drinking water produced. Cyanotoxins... -
Accumulation of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins in the oyster Crassostrea gigas and the mussel Choromytilus meridionalis in the southern Benguela ecosystem
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: GC Pitcher --- Branch: Fisheries Management, Department of Agriculture, South Africa B Krock --- , Germany AD Cembella --- , GermanyDiarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) poses a significant threat to the safe consumption of shellfish in the southern Benguela ecosystem. The accumulation of DSP toxins was investigated in two cultivated bivalve species, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and the mussel Choromytilus... -
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, a toxic invasive cyanobacterium in South African fresh waters
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Sanet Janse van Vuuren GP KrielCylindrospermopsis raciborskii, a problem-causing cyanobacterium capable of releasing potent toxins, has become increasingly prevalent in South African freshwaters, especially in the lower reaches of the Orange River. This organism was first detected during the summer (January to March) of 2000... -
Confirmed identification of gymnodimine in oysters from the west coast of South Africa by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: B Krock GC Pitcher J Ntuli AD CembellaMussels Choromytilus meridionalis and oysters Crassostrea gigas were suspended from a mooring off Lambert's Bay, South Africa, to study the kinetics of lipophilic phycotoxin accumulation and detoxification. The shellfish were subsequently harvested daily over approximately three weeks and analysed for... -
A review of renal protection strategies
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: Erna Meyer --- Northland District Health Board, Whangarei Base Hospital, New ZealandGlobally, more than 10 million people are affected every year by acute kidney injury (AKI) and approximately 6% of hospital patients sustain some degree of kidney injury during their hospital event. Reducing perioperative kidney injury may significantly improve patient outcomes... -
Harmful cyanobacteria and their cyanotoxins in Egyptian fresh waters – state of knowledge and research needs
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: ZA Mohamed --- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, EgyptCyanobacterial blooms have increased in freshwater ecosystems worldwide in the last century, mostly resulting from eutrophication and climate change. These blooms represent serious threats to environmental and human health because of the production of harmful metabolites, called cyanotoxins. Like many... -
First report of cyanobacterial diversity and microcystins in a Microcystis
strain from Sidi Boughaba, a Moroccan coastal lagoon Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: M Douma --- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, N Manaut --- Health and Environment Unit, Provincial Direction of the Ministry of National Education, Morocco B Oudra --- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, M Loudiki --- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms,The cyanobacterial diversity of Sidi Boughaba, a Moroccan coastal lagoon and Ramsar site, was evaluated and its potentially toxic species were isolated and characterised. This study was the first time that cyanobacterial diversity and cyanotoxin production have been characterised in... -
The occurrence of mycotoxigenic fungi in abalone feed in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: MR Greeff-Laubscher --- , South Africa I Beukes --- , South Africa GJ Marais --- , South Africa K Jacobs --- , South AfricaAbalone feed in South Africa is mainly produced from locally sourced grains and has soy or fishmeal as a protein source. Contamination with fungal species associated with grain-based animal feed is, therefore, a predictable risk. Various Fusarium, Penicillium and Aspergillus... -
Green technology for bioremediation of the eutrophication phenomenon in aquatic ecosystems: a review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Mostafa El-Sheekh --- , Egypt Mohamed M Abdel-Daim --- , Saudi Arabia Mohamed Okba --- , Egypt Samiha Gharib --- , Egypt Asgad Soliman --- , Egypt Hala El-Kassas --- , EgyptEutrophication is a serious phenomenon that leads to vigorous algal blooms that alters the structure of ecosystems. It is caused by non-point sources of nutrients; as nitrogen and phosphorus, and point sources as wastewater effluent. Distinctive algae groups are responsible... -
Foliar fungicides provide chemical control of Fusarium head blight of wheat in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Gerhardus J van Coller --- , South Africa Frederik J Kloppers --- , South Africa Vicky M Coetzee --- , South Africa Toinette van Rooyen --- , South Africa Lindy J Rose --- , South Africa Sandra C Lamprecht --- , South Africa Altus Viljoen --- , South AfricaChemical control of a yield-limiting, quality-reducing wheat disease like Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an important management strategy; however, no fungicides are registered against it in South Africa. The aim of this study was to determine foliar fungicides and seed... -
Effect of simplified dietary advice on nutritional status and uremic toxins in chronic kidney disease participants
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Zarina Ebrahim --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Griet Glorieux --- Ghent University Hospital, Belgium M Rafique Moosa --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Renée Blaauw --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa -
Detailed description and observations of the tadpole of Amnirana albolabris (Anura: Ranidae) from southeastern Gabon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Treading a Delicate Tightrope: A principal balancing between education and political change during turbulent times • Authors: Joanna G Larson --- , U.S.A. Breda M Zimkus --- , U.S.A.We provide an expanded description of the tadpole of Amnirana albolabris (Ranidae) that includes external linear morphometrics and colouration across a developmental series ranging from Gosner stages 26–42. This description is based on material collected in Batéké Plateau National Park... -
Role of the Lethabo Weir in altering the phytoplankton community structure of the Vaal River, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: S Janse van Vuuren --- North-West University, South Africa A Swanepoel --- , South AfricaDuring 2012, aerial photographs of the Vaal River, South Africa, showed differences in water colour on either side of the Lethabo Weir. Water upstream of the weir was muddy brown, while water downstream was olive-green. Physical and chemical analyses indicated... -
Occurrence of aflatoxins and aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus spp. associated with groundnut production in subsistence farming systems in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: E. Ncube --- Agricultural Research Council-Grain Crops Institute, Private Bag X1251, South Africa B.C. Flett --- Agricultural Research Council-Grain Crops Institute, Private Bag X1251, South Africa C. Waalwijk --- Plant Research International B.V., Netherlands A. Viljoen --- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, South AfricaAflatoxins are carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus spp. in groundnut kernels. Forty-six groundnut samples were collected from subsistence farmers in three provinces of South Africa, namely KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), Mpumalanga (MP) and Limpopo (LP), in 2006 and 2007. Aflatoxin levels of... -
Rapid spread of Euglena sanguinea Ehrenberg (Phylum Euglenophyta) in South African freshwater bodies: A potential threat
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Sanet Janse van Vuuren --- North-West University, South Africa Anatoliy Levanets --- North-West University, South Africa Daniël Erasmus --- North-West University, South AfricaEuglena sanguinea is a red-pigmented euglenid species known for producing the ichthyotoxin euglenophycin, which has been associated with fish mortalities in various freshwater systems. First reported in South Africa from the Kruger National Park in 2016, E. sanguinea has since...