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Oceanic variability in the western sector of Algoa Bay, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: EH Schumann JRS Churchill HJ ZaaymanThe city of Port Elizabeth lies in the western sector of Algoa Bay, and a number of projects have investigated the oceanic temperature, salinity and current structures in the vicinity. This paper analyses past results, and then incorporates measurements of... -
Pigment profile and toxin composition during a red tide of Gymnodinium catenatum Graham and Myrionecta rubra (Lohman) Jankowski in coastal waters off Mar del Plata, Argentina
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: NG Montoya R Akselman MO Carignan JI CarretoMicroscope observations of samples, collected in autumn 2003 during a red tide in the coastal waters of Mar del Plata, Argentina, suggest that the phytoplankton community consisted mainly of the chain-forming dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum (89 000 cells l−1). However, the... -
Enhanced detection levels in a semi-automated sandwich hybridisation assay using a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) signal probe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: L Connell J Ray W Litaker P TesterA peptide nucleic acid (PNA) signal probe was tested as a replacement for a typical DNA oligonucleotide-based signal probe in a semi-automated sandwich hybridisation assay designed to detect the harmful phytoplankton species Alexandrium tamarense. The PNA probe yielded consistently higher... -
Algicidal bacteria isolated from the surface of seaweeds from the coast of Osaka Bay in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: I Imai D Fujimaru T Nishigaki M Kurosaki H SugitaAlgicidal bacteria offer a promising tool for the prevention of red tides, because they are able to play a key role in terminating blooms in coastal areas. This study details the detection of vast numbers of algicidal bacteria attached to... -
Overgrazing of edible algae as a mechanism behind red tides and harmful algal blooms
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: T Johannessen E Dahl O LindahlIt has recently been suggested that there is a positive synergistic relationship between herbivorous zooplankton and their algal food, with herbivores stimulating the production of their preferred species while negatively affecting competing algal species. A prerequisite for this positive interaction... -
Accumulation of brevetoxins by passive sampling devices
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: D Shea P Tester J Cohen S Kibler S VarnamWe report on initial investigations into the use of polymer-based passive sampling devices for the chronic time-integrated measure of brevetoxins in natural waters. Polyethylene membranes readily accumulated brevetoxins, but reached steady state within a few days, likely owing to surface... -
Isolation and characterisation of photoactive haemolytic toxin from Heterocapsa circularisquama
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: Y Miyazaki T Iwashita K Yamaguchi T Oda Y Matsuyama T HonjoRed tides of Heterocapsa circularisquama, identified as a new species of dinoflagellate a few years ago, have frequently caused mass mortality of several species of bivalve in Japan, whereas no harmful effects on fish have been reported so far. We... -
The 26 December 2004 Sumatra tsunami recorded on the coast of West Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: A Joseph JT Odametey EK Nkebi A Pereira RG Prabhudesai P Mehra AB Rabinovich V Kumar S Prabhu-Desai P WoodworthAnalysis of sea-level data obtained from the Atlantic Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) sea-level station at Takoradi, Ghana, West Africa, clearly reveals a tsunami signal associated with the Mw = 9.3 Sumatra earthquake of 26 December 2004 in the... -
Prey capture success and chick diet of Damara terns Sterna balaenarum in Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: J Braby --- Animal Demography Unit, Department of Zoology, South Africa LG Underhill --- Animal Demography Unit, Department of Zoology, South Africa RE Simmons --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, Department of Zoology, South AfricaFeeding terns are affected by a variety of environmental conditions. We studied prey capture success of Damara terns Sterna balaenarum in relation to six variables at two breeding colonies in southern Namibia: tidal phase, wind speed, water clarity, cloud cover,... -
Sea level changes at Ascension Island in the last half century
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: PL Woodworth --- National Oceanography Centre, UK PR Foden --- National Oceanography Centre, UK DS Jones --- National Oceanography Centre, UK J Pugh --- National Oceanography Centre, UK SJ Holgate --- National Oceanography Centre, UK A Hibbert --- National Oceanography Centre, UK DL Blackman --- National Oceanography Centre, UK CR Bellingham --- National Oceanography Centre, UK VM Roussenov --- School of Environmental Sciences, UK RG Williams --- School of Environmental Sciences, UKAn exercise in ‘data archaeology’ at Ascension Island has provided an estimate of sea level change between 1955 and 2001.5 (the mid-point of a recent dataset spanning 1993–2009). That average trend of 0.93 mm y−1 (SE 0.69) compares to a... -
Phytoplankton absorption and pigment adaptation of a red tide in the Benguela ecosystem
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: R Barlow --- , South Africa T Lamont --- , South AfricaPhytoplankton absorption and pigment characteristics of a red tide were investigated in coastal waters of the southern Benguela. Diagnostic indices indicated that dinoflagellates were the dominant phytoplankton group, with diatoms and small flagellates being of secondary importance. Very high biomass... -
Southern African sea levels: corrections, influences and trends
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: AA Mather --- Coastal and Catchment Policy, Co-ordination and Management, Engineering Unit, South Africa GG Garland --- Department of Geography and Urban Planning, UAE DD Stretch --- School of Civil Engineering, South AfricaThe tidal records of existing South African and Namibian tide gauges are examined and corrected. Regional sea level trends vary, with the West Coast rising by +1.87 mm y−1 (1959-2006), the southern coast by +1.48 mm y−1 (1957-2006) and the... -
The role of biomarkers and B-type natriuretic peptide in diagnosis and perioperative risk prediction
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: N Afshani --- Department of Anaesthesia, BM Biccard --- Department of Anaesthetics, RA Dyer --- Department of Anaesthesia,Biomarkers are important in diagnosis, assessment of disease severity, risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making. Recent studies strongly suggest that there is a role for B-type natriuretic peptide (BtNP) as a powerful prognostic predictor in both the preoperative and postoperative setting... -
Carcinoid heart disease secondary to ovarian tumour: a logical sequence of management?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: R Sahajanandan --- Heart and Lung Centre, S Lakshmanan --- Heart and Lung Centre, S Hester --- Heart and Lung Centre, M Norell --- Heart and Lung Centre, P Strouhal --- Heart and Lung Centre, D Murphy --- Heart and Lung Centre, H Buch --- Heart and Lung Centre, JS Billing --- Heart and Lung Centre,There are only few reported cases of carcinoid heart disease caused by ovarian tumours. The main cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients is right heart failure. Most cases of carcinoid heart disease have liver metastases and undergo cardiac... -
Preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide risk stratification: do postoperative indices add value?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: RN Rodseth --- Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthetics, K Vasconcellos --- Department of Anaesthetics and Critical Care, P Naidoo --- National Health Laboratory Services; Department of Chemical Pathology, BM Biccard --- Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthetics,Objectives: It is unclear if there is value in measuring postoperative B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients risk-stratified using preoperative BNP. -
Antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: K Outhoff --- Department of Pharmacology, South AfricaDepression and sexual dysfunction are both common in the general population. When they co-exist they have the potential to impact negatively on each other in a bidirectional manner. Medication used to treat depression may cause additional problems with the sexual... -
The pharmacology of anxiolytics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: K Outhoff --- Department of Pharmacology, South AfricaGiven that anxiety disorders are common and chronic and often co-morbid with both medical and psychiatric conditions, effective and safe anxiolytic drugs are in great demand. Serotonergic agents, in particular the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake... -
The pharmacology of anxiolytics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: K Outhoff --- Department of Pharmacology, South AfricaGiven that anxiety disorders are common and chronic and often co-morbid with both medical and psychiatric conditions, effective and safe anxiolytic drugs are in great demand. Serotonergic agents, in particular the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake... -
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: their role in the management of type 2 diabetes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Gail Mkele [AN0001]The production of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone, has been shown to be abnormally low in patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that GLP-1 may be a contributor in the pathogenesis of the disease. New type 2 diabetic... -
Unravelling population structure of black musselcracker Cymatoceps nasutus: evidence for multiple populations in South African coastal waters
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: TS Murray --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa G Gouws --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa M Mwale --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa BQ Mann --- Oceanographic Research Institute, South Africa PD Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South AfricaGenetic studies on South African marine fishes have shown that many species exist as single, well-mixed stocks throughout their core distribution. The black musselcracker or poenskop Cymatoceps nasutus is a slow-growing, late-maturing and long-lived sparid (Perciformes: Sparidae) that is endemic... -
Meso-zooplankton movement through the newly constructed Mfolozi channel into and out of the St Lucia Estuary, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Sean van Elden --- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, South Africa Michael J. Dyer --- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, South Africa Nicola K. Carrasco --- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, South Africa Renzo Perissinotto --- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, South AfricaThe historical canalization of the Mfolozi River resulted in the St Lucia Estuary losing its main freshwater source. This, combined with the recent drought, led to low water levels, hypersaline conditions and dramatic losses in biodiversity. The excavation of a... -
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: their role in the management of type 2 diabetes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: Gail Mkele [cor1]The production of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone, has been shown to be abnormally low in patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that GLP-1 may be a contributor in the pathogenesis of the disease. New type 2 diabetic... -
Preoperative B-type natriuretic peptides in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a cumulative meta-analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: Lisa Ryan --- Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthetics, Grey’s Hospital, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine,, South Africa Chantal Rajah --- Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthetics, Grey’s Hospital, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine,, South Africa Dale Simmers --- Department of Anaesthetics, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, South Africa Danielle Potgieter --- Department of Anaesthetics, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, South Africa Reitze N. Rodseth --- Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthetics, Grey’s Hospital, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine,, South AfricaBackground: A plethora of studies have shown elevated preoperative natriuretic peptide measurements to predict postoperative mortality and adverse cardiac events.Objectives: The current study aimed to demonstrate this overwhelming association and to show that further studies of this nature are unwarranted.Methods:... -
Vancomycin versus teicoplanin in the treatment of serious Gram-positive infections: what do the minimum inhibitory concentration data tell us?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: W. Lowman --- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Wits School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences,Glycopeptides are the mainstay of treatment against serious drug-resistant Gram-positive infections. The two principal agents are vancomycin and teicoplanin. Optimal dosing of both these antimicrobial agents, in terms of clinical outcomes and achievement of pharmacodynamic targets, has been shown to... -
First detected isolate of glycopeptide-intermediate resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a renal unit at a central academic hospital in Kwazulu-Natal
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: K SweSwe-Han --- Department of Medical Microbiology, N Naidoo --- Department of Medical Microbiology, P Mahabeer --- Department of Medical Microbiology, K Mlisana --- Department of Medical Microbiology,Staphylococcus aureus is an important and common cause of healthcare and community-associated infections. Reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides in methicillin-resistant S. aureus is well documented. We report on the frst glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus (GISA) isolate from a renal unit at a... -
>Utilization of shallow subtidal bays associated with warm temperate rocky shores by the late-stage larvae of some inshore fish species, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Nadine A. Strydom --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa>This work describes the utilization of shallow, subtidal bays, associated with rocky shores, by the late-stage larvae and early juveniles of some common inshore fishes. Larval and early juvenile fishes were collected in seven small bays (30–50 m wide) between... -
Growth of infants born to HIV-positive mothers fed a whey-adapted acidified starter formula with prebiotics and nucleotides
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Pa Cooper --- Department of Paediatrics, South Africa Kd Bolton --- Department of Paediatrics, South Africa M. Mokhachane --- Department of Paediatrics, South Africa Sc Velaphi --- Department of Paediatrics, South Africa Rm Mphahlele --- Department of Paediatrics, South Africa Hn Bomela --- Department of Paediatrics, South Africa L. Monaheng --- Department of Paediatrics, South Africa P. Roux --- School of Child and Adolescent Health, South Africa E. Haschke-Becher --- Central Laboratory, Department of Neurology, AustriaObjectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether infants born to known HIV-positive mothers, but who were not themselves infected with HIV and who were fed a chemically acidified starter formula with prebiotics with or without nucleotides during... -
Incidence and hospital mortality of vascular surgery patients with perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) or myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: T Kisten --- Discipline of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, South Africa BM Biccard --- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, South AfricaBackground: Perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) and prognostically relevant myocardial injury following non-cardiac surgery (MINS) increases perioperative mortality. Studies in vascular patients show an increased incidence and mortality from PMI. However, there remains limited data on the relative prognostic importance of... -
Intertidal mangrove boundary zones as nursery grounds for the mud crab Scylla serrata
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: DO Mirera --- Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), KenyaThe demand for mud crab Scylla serrata (Forsskål 1775) in the global market has increased, hence there is growing momentum to farm the species in Africa. Aquaculture production in Kenya and elsewhere in East Africa currently relies on juvenile seeds... -
Geographic variation in West African Agama picticauda: insights from genetics, morphology and ecology
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Sneha Krishnan --- , USA 80526, 4257858934 Caleb Ofori-Boateng --- , , Ghana Matthew K Fujita --- , , USA Adam D Leaché --- , USAWest Africa is a region characterised by high species diversity and endemism, making it an ideal region to study the evolution of genetic and phenotypic differentiation. Species in this region often vary in morphology and genetics; however, the specific drivers... -
Wave setup at Tristan da Cunha
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: PL Woodworth --- , United KingdomWave setup was investigated using data from tide gauges in a small harbour at the island of Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic Ocean. Frequent examples of wave setup were found during the period 1986–1992, but were much less... -
Necrotising migratory erythema leading to the diagnosis of a metastatic glucagonoma without diabetes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: Rahm Makan --- , South Africa Cloete Van Vuuren --- , South AfricaA case of necrotising migratory erythema (NME), which is one of the distinctive paraneoplastic skin manifestations associated with the glucagonoma syndrome, is described and discussed. In 80% of all patients with glucagonoma, NME is the first clinical sign. The glucagonoma... -
Green technology for bioremediation of the eutrophication phenomenon in aquatic ecosystems: a review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Mostafa El-Sheekh --- , Egypt Mohamed M Abdel-Daim --- , Saudi Arabia Mohamed Okba --- , Egypt Samiha Gharib --- , Egypt Asgad Soliman --- , Egypt Hala El-Kassas --- , EgyptEutrophication is a serious phenomenon that leads to vigorous algal blooms that alters the structure of ecosystems. It is caused by non-point sources of nutrients; as nitrogen and phosphorus, and point sources as wastewater effluent. Distinctive algae groups are responsible... -
Species boundaries and biogeography of East African torrent frogs of the genus Petropedetes (Amphibia: Anura: Petropeditidae)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: SimonP. Loader --- University of Basel, Switzerland F. Sara Ceccarelli --- University of Basel, Switzerland Mark Wilkinson --- The Natural History Museum, UK Michele Menegon --- Museo Tridentino di Scienze Naturali, Italy Jean Mariaux --- Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Switzerland RafaelO. de Sá --- University of Richmond, USA KimM. Howell --- University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania DavidJ. Gower --- The Natural History Museum, UKBased on morphology there are currently three described East African species of torrent frogs belonging to the tropical African genus Petropedetes (P. dutoiti, P. martiennseni and P. yakusini). Taxonomic uncertainties are evident within this group: a putative new species reported... -
Genome-wide genetic-marker variation uncovers potential stock structuring of oceanic tuna (skipjack) and coastal tuna (kawakawa) within the western Indian Ocean
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: FA Mzingirwa --- Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Kenya NJ McKeown --- Aberystwyth University, United Kingdom GM Okemwa --- Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Kenya WHH Sauer --- Rhodes University, South Africa JS Halafo --- Instituto Oceanográfico de Moçambique (InOM), Mozambique JG Mshana --- Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania JN Kamau --- Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Kenya PW Shaw --- Rhodes University, South AfricaTuna and tuna-like species are highly mobile and migratory, and therefore assumed to have single highly connected populations over large ocean regions. However, empirical data on the genetic population structure of such species in the western Indian Ocean (WIO) remain... -
Evolution, population structure and morphology of the African Black Duck Anas sparsa and Yellow-billed Duck A. undulata
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Philip Lavretsky --- University of Texas at El Paso, United States Ramsey Russell --- , United States Sara Gonzalez --- University of Texas at El Paso, United States Vergie M Musni --- University of Texas at El Paso, United States Alexis Díaz --- Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Peru Joshua I Brown --- University of Texas at El Paso, United StatesBiological conservation requires a fundamental understanding of evolutionary history and established contemporary population genetics. Here, we sequenced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and thousands of nuclear loci across individuals of the African Black Duck Anas sparsa and Yellow-billed Duck A. undulata to...