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Caring for a Relative with Schizophrenia: Understandings, Challenges and the Interface with Mental Health Professionals

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Stanley Molefi --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Leslie Swartz --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa

This study explored the experiences of families of people with schizophrenia, their understandings of schizophrenia as a mental disorder, their experience of living with a relative with schizophrenia, and their subsequent contact with mental health professionals. A convenience sample of...

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Spirituality and Religion in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Kwazulu-natal, South Africa: A Longitudinal Study

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria and University of Limpopo,

This study assesses the effects of spirituality and religion in health outcomes of patients on ART in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Participants were 735 patients who attended three HIV clinics for ART over a period of 20 months as follows: 519...

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Troubling Discourse: The Social Justice Approach Towards Combating HIV and AIDS Stigmatisation Among Adolescents

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Christa Beyers --- University of the Free State, Milton Nkoane --- University of the Free State,

This study investigated the experiences of adolescents living with HIV and AIDS. Interviews were conducted with ten black female adolescents who were diagnosed HIV-positive to determine the effect of positive diagnosis on their being. Three of the participants chose to...

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HIV/AIDS, childhood and governance: sundering the bonds of human society

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tony Barnett

There is a disharmonious resonance between the length of HIV infection in the individual human host and the length of a human generation. In brief, an infected person may have children, these may be orphaned and grow up to become...

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HIV disclosure and other factors that impact on adherence to antiretroviral therapy: the case of Soweto, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: NokuthulaL Skhosana Helen Struthers GlendaE Gray JamesA McIntyre

Some authors argue that there are no predictors of adherence to medication, while others proffer indicators of likely adherence. These contextual factors are wide-ranging and may be interdependent. There are few studies of adherence in resource-poor settings. Of these, many...

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Knowing but not knowing: providing maternity care in the context of HIV/AIDS in rural Zimbabwe

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Thubelihle Mathole Gunilla Lindmark Beth Maina Ahlberg

Individual interviews with 25 nurses and midwives revealed their experiences with providing maternity care in rural Zimbabwe. These first-hand accounts especially illuminate the complexities of providing maternity care in the context of HIV/AIDS. The caregivers described feeling troubled by knowing...

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Community impact of HIV status disclosure through an integrated community home-based care programme

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Busisiwe Ncama Leana Uys

The integration of HIV-prevention activities into care has received little attention within or outside formal healthcare settings. The contribution of community home-based care services in facilitating disclosure of HIV status and reducing stigma have also not been described. This study...

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Disclosure among HIV-positive women: the role of HIV/AIDS support groups in rural Kenya

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: HannahJ Gillett --- , United Kingdom Jennifer Parr --- , United Kingdom

Disclosure by people living with HIV or AIDS is critical for HIV prevention and care. However, many women choose not to disclose their HIV status for fear of negative outcomes, such as blame and rejection. The World Health Organization suggests...

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Christian identity and men's attitudes to antiretroviral therapy in Zambia

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Anthony Simpson --- School of Social Sciences, United Kingdom

Increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), especially in urban areas in Zambia, has transformed the landscape of the HIV epidemic to include hope. Drawing upon long-term ethnographic research, this article briefly describes the religious ideas of a cohort of former...

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Church mobilisation and HIV/AIDS treatment in Ghana and Zambia:a comparative analysis

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: AmyS. Patterson --- Department of Political Science, United States

This article compares Ghanaian and Zambian church mobilisation on HIV and AIDS. It analyses why long-term interest in HIV and AIDS has declined in Ghana but increased in Zambia, and why church involvement in promoting access to HIV/AIDS treatment has...

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Christian theology of life, death and healing in an era of antiretroviraltherapy: reflections on the responses of some Botswana churches

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Lovemore Togarasei --- Department of Theology and Religious Studies, Botswana

This article discusses Christian understandings of life, death and healing in the context of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. The discussion is a response to the reactions of some Botswana Pentecostal and African Independent Churches to the availability of ARV therapy, as...

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Complex negotiations: ‘spiritual’ therapy and living with HIV in Ghana

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Benjamin Kobina Kwansa --- Amsterdam School for Social Science Research, The Netherlands

Many people living with HIV in Ghana make use of spiritual therapy, however complex. This paper describes the complexities of these therapies in the context of increasing access to antiretroviral (ARV) drugs and high levels of HIV stigma. The study...

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Delays in presenting for tuberculosis treatment associated with fear of learning one is HIV-positive

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Valerie Møller --- , South Africa Ida Erstad --- , South Africa JaneM Cramm --- , The Netherlands AnnaP Nieboer --- , The Netherlands Harry Finkenflügel --- , The Netherlands Sarah Radloff --- Department of Statistics, South Africa Tinashe Ndoro --- Department of Psychology, South Africa StellaA Kwizera --- Department of Sociology, South Africa

A cornerstone of tuberculosis (TB) control is early diagnosis and treatment. The first hurdle that prospective TB patients must overcome is to present at a public health clinic for treatment. The Global Plan to Stop TB addresses the new challenges...

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A qualitative exploration of the impact of HIV and ART on social disruption and household continuity in Uganda

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Glenn Wagner --- , United States Gery Ryan --- , United States Alexis Huynh --- , United States Cissy Kityo --- , Uganda Peter Mugyenyi --- , Uganda

With increased uptake of antiretroviral therapy (ART) throughout sub-Saharan Africa, it is critical to have a better understanding of the impact of ART on all health dimensions since the treatment can have the expected benefits as well as unintended negative...

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Employment discrimination and HIV stigma: survey results from civil society organisations and people living with HIV in Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Laurel Sprague --- Department of Political Science, United States Sara Simon --- , Belgium Courtenay Sprague --- Graduate School of Business Administration, South Africa

The article presents findings from three surveys of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and civil society organisations about the experience of employment discrimination and stigma in the workplace. The work seeks to contribute to efforts by businesses and other organisations...

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AIDS fatigue and university students’ talk about HIV risk

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Tamara Shefer --- Women's and Gender Studies, South Africa Anna Strebel --- Women's and Gender Studies, South Africa Joachim Jacobs --- HIV/AIDS Programme, South Africa

Drawing on a qualitative study that included 20 focus group discussions with male and female students at an urban-based university in South Africa, this article reports on perceptions, attitudes and reported behaviour with respect to HIV and AIDS and safer...

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Older people living with HIV in Uganda: understanding their experience and needs

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: MonicaO Kuteesa --- , Australia Janet Seeley --- Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Uganda RobertG Cumming --- , Australia Joel Negin --- , Australia

Older adults ageing with HIV in Africa have been largely neglected, despite the distinctive healthcare needs of this population. This article examines the medical care experiences of older Ugandans living with HIV. Data were collected from 40 HIV-positive adults, aged...

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Poor-quality health services and lack of programme support leads to low uptake of HIV testing in rural Mozambique

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: CarolynM Audet --- Department of Preventive Medicine, United States Kate Groh --- Department of Medicine, United States TroyD Moon --- Department of Pediatrics, United States StenH Vermund --- , United States Mohsin Sidat --- , Mozambique

Mozambique has one of the world's highest burdens of HIV infection. Despite the increase in HIV-testing services throughout the country, the uptake has been low. To identify barriers to HIV testing we conducted a study in six rural districts in...

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Nutritional care and support among adults living with HIV at Hawassa Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia: A qualitative study

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Zelalem Tafese --- Hawassa College of Health Science, Ethiopia Yifru Birhan --- Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethiopia Hiwot Abebe --- Hawassa University, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Ethiopia

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HIV/AIDS, the erosion of social capital and the collapse of rural livelihoods in the Nkomazi district of South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Hannah Dawson --- University of Johannesburg, South Africa

HIV/AIDS is a major driver of livelihood insecurity. The AIDS epidemic, through the death or disability of economically productive adults, destabilises and erodes the social networks which sustain the livelihoods of vulnerable households. This paper draws upon research with home-based...

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Is the absolute requirement for informed consent before HIV testing a barrier to public health? A case report and management challenges

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: David Ameh --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Uchendu O Uchendu --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Oyedeji A Adeyemi --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Readon C Ideh --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Bernard E Ebruke --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Grant Mackenzie --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Stephen Howie --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia Tumani Corrah --- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia

Clinicians in sub-Saharan Africa are faced with a major challenge of parental refusal to test their children for HIV. We present a case of a nine-month-old child with a clinical presentation suggestive of HIV infection whose mother persistently declined HIV...

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An assessment of the nkacha net fishery of Lake Malombe, Malawi

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: OLF Weyl KR Mwakiyongo DS Mandere

Since the early 1990s the fishery of Lake Malombe, Malawi, has been dominated by haplochromine cichlids which are mainly harvested with a small-scale purse seine called an nkacha net. The annual landings from the fishery declined from 9 500 tons...

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Disclosure of HIV status: experiences of patients enrolled in an integrated TB and HAART pilot programme in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: HirutT Gebrekristos MarkN Lurie Nkosinathi Mthethwa Quarraisha Abdool Karim

The convergence between the tuberculosis (TB) and HIV epidemics has led to studies investigating strategies for integrated HIV and TB care. We present the experiences of a cohort of 17 patients enrolled in the first integrated TB and HIV treatment...

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A model for understanding the relationship between stigma and healthcare-seeking behaviour among people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: NgoziC Mbonu --- Department of Health Promotion, The School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, The Netherlands Bart Van den Borne --- Department of Health Promotion, The School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, The Netherlands NanneK De Vries --- Department of Health Promotion, The School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, The Netherlands

People living with HIV or AIDS (PLHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa sometimes have care-seeking behaviours that result in a suboptimal quality of life. This paper seeks to examine the role of stigma in the care-seeking behaviour of PLHIV. We hypothesise that...

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Ethnographic experiences of HIV-positive nurses in managing stigma at a clinic in rural Uganda

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Margaret Kyakuwa --- Amsterdam School for Social Science Research, The Netherlands

This paper explores the workplace experiences of HIV-positive nurses and their attempts to manage HIV/AIDS stigma. An HIV diagnosis can have a major impact on an individual's psychological and emotional wellbeing. Moreover, caring for those suffering from chronic HIV-related illnesses...

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Religious participation and HIV-disclosure rationales among people living with HIV/AIDS in rural Swaziland

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Robin Root --- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Baruch College, United States

Despite the cultural salience of Christianity in many parts of Africa and the expansion of antiretroviral treatment, few studies have examined experiences of religious participation among HIV-positive individuals. Correspondingly, most studies of HIV self-disclosure in sub-Saharan Africa focus primarily on...

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Common ethical issues related to HIV/AIDS

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: D Knapp van Bogaert --- Steve Biko Centre for Bioethics, Faculty of Health Sciences, GA Ogunbanjo --- Department of Family Medicine and PHC, Faculty of Health Sciences,

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HIV in Harare: The role and relevance of social stigma

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Stephen O'Brien --- School of Humanities and Social Science, Australia Alex Broom --- School of Social Science, Australia

HIV is a significant social, political and economic problem in Zimbabwe. However, few researchers have explored peoples’ experiences of living with HIV in that country. Drawing on 60 qualitative interviews conducted with Zimbabweans living in Harare in 2010, this paper...

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The experiences of people living with HIV/AIDS in Gaborone, Botswana: stigma, its consequences and coping mechanisms

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Vincent Setlhare --- Department of Family Medicine, Botswana Anne Wright --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa Ian Couper --- Department of Family Medicine, South Africa

Background: This study was carried out in Bontleng, Extension 14 and Old Naledi, which are low-income residential areas of Gaborone, Botswana. The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency...

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Attitudes of women and men living with HIV and their healthcare providers towards pregnancy and abortion by HIV-positive women in Nigeria and Zambia

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ann M Moore --- The Guttmacher Institute, USA Akinrinola Bankole --- The Guttmacher Institute, USA Olutoin Awolude --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Nigeria Suzette Audam --- The Guttmacher Institute, USA Adesina Oladokun --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Nigeria Isaac Adewole --- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Nigeria

Fertility decisions among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are complicated by disease progression, the health of their existing children and possible antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, among other factors. Using a sample of HIV-positive women (n = 353) and men (n...

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Experiences of work among people with disabilities who are HIV-positive in Zambia

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Janet Njelesani --- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Canada Stephanie Nixon --- Department of Physical Therapy, Canada Deb Cameron --- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Canada Janet Parsons --- Department of Physical Therapy, Canada Anitha Menon --- Department of Psychology, Zambia

This paper focuses on accounts of how having a disability and being HIV-positive influences experiences of work among 21 people (12 women, 9 men) in Lusaka, Zambia. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted in English, Bemba, Nyanja, or Zambian sign language...

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‘She's just like my mother’: measuring motherhood in the context of the HIV epidemic in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Naomi Marshak --- Department of Social Anthropology,

This paper emerges from an ethnographic study conducted in Kwazulu-Natal in 2010 that explored the practices of a humanitarian intervention providing psychosocial support for and strengthening of the bonds between orphans and children made vulnerable by HIV and their non-biological...

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‘Social pain and social death’: poor white stigma in post-apartheid South Africa, a case of West Bank in East London

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Octavia Sibanda --- Fort Hare Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Fort Hare,

This article looks at poor white stigma in post-apartheid South Africa. Drawing on my ethnographic engagement with my informants, I developed this article as a part of my broader argument that explores the complex nature of white poverty in South...

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HIV/AIDS knowledge and stigma among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Eshetu Gurmu --- Centre for Population Studies, Ethiopia Dula Etana --- Centre for Population Studies, Ethiopia

HIV/AIDS stigma is one of the major public health challenges in Ethiopia. This study examined knowledge about HIV/AIDS and factors behind stigmatisation towards people living with the virus based on demographic and health survey data collected in 2011 from women...

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Wisdom and counselling: A note on advising people with HIV/AIDS in Ghana

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sjaak van der Geest --- Sociology-Anthropology Department, The Netherlands

This article raises the question of whether the practice of HIV/AIDS counselling in Ghana can be linked to the wisdom that older people are said to have and use when they give advice to younger family members. Older people believe...

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Not everyone can afford an apple a day: stigma and food insecurity in rural South African young adults

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Rebecca Fielding-Miller --- Department of Medicine, Division of Global Public Health, Kristin L Dunkle --- South African Medical Research Council, Daniel Murdock --- Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Georgia

The HIV epidemic in South Africa has created a generation of orphaned and vulnerable children (OVCs). Little is known about the experiences of these “former” OVCs once they pass their 18th birthday. We conducted a qualitative study to understand the...

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Oral histories of HIV/AIDS support group members, NGO workers and home-based carers in KwaZulu-Natal

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Philippe Denis --- School of Religion, Philosophy and Classics, South Africa

The purpose of this paper is to bring to the attention of the AIDS research community the existence of an oral history project known as the Memories of AIDS Project. The project focused on HIV/AIDS support group members, non-governmental organisation...

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The intersection of antiretroviral therapy, peer support programmes, and economic empowerment with HIV stigma among HIV-positive women in West Nile Uganda

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nicole Coffey Kellett --- Department of Anthropology, USA Katherine Gnauck --- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, USA

HIV stigma remains a major problem of the AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Women fear impending social stigma including blame, isolation and abuse. HIV infection and HIV stigma interact cyclically, creating and reinforcing economic and social exclusion for individuals living...

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The multidimensional nature of HIV stigma: evidence from Mozambique

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Maria A Carrasco --- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA Rosario Arias --- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA Maria E Figueroa --- Johns Hopkins Center for Communications Programs, USA

HIV stigma continues to be a major challenge to addressing HIV/AIDS in various countries in sub-Saharan Africa, including Mozambique. This paper explores the multidimensional nature of HIV stigma through the thematic analysis of five qualitative studies conducted in high HIV...

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The dimensionality of disclosure of HIV status amongst post-partum women in Cape Town, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Jo Hunter-Adams --- Health Economics Unit, Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Allison Zerbe --- ICAP, USA Tamsin Philips --- Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Research, Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Zanele Rini --- Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Research, Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Landon Myer --- Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Research, Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa Greg Petro --- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, South Africa Elaine Abrams --- ICAP, Mailman School of Public Health and College of Physicians and Surgeons, USA

Disclosure of HIV status to sexual partners and others has been presented as positive health behaviour and is widely encouraged by antiretroviral treatment (ART) programmes, providers and policies. However, disclosure is also highly contextual and its positive effects are not...

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HIV stigma experiences and stigmatisation before and after a HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” intervention

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Catharina Dorothea Prinsloo --- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Minrie Greeff --- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Annamarie Kruger --- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Itumeleng Paul Khumalo --- Optentia Research Focus Area, South Africa

This study sought to explore, describe and determine whether an HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” intervention would change the HIV stigma experiences of people living with HIV (PLWH) and the stigmatisation by the community in an urban area in South Africa...

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HIV prevention needs for men who have sex with men in Swaziland

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Bhekie Sithole --- Health Communication Capacity Collaborative, Swaziland

Men who have sex with men (MSM) have a high HIV burden and also often face multiple other challenges accessing HIV services, including legal and social issues. Although Swaziland recently started responding with interventions for MSM, significant gaps still exist...

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Managing HIV-positive sero-status in Ghana’s most HIV concentrated district: self-perceived explanations and theoretical discourse

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Adobea Y Owusu --- Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER), Ghana Amos Laar --- Department of Family and Population Health, School of Public Health, Ghana

As of December 2015 there were 37 million persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs), 70% of whom are in sub-Saharan Africa. Ghana, which contributes a relatively small number to Africa’s HIV burden, has a generalised HIV epidemic. The current national prevalence...

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Perceived HIV-related stigma among university students in South Africa: implications for HIV testing

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Firoza Haffejee --- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Brendan Maughan-Brown --- Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, South Africa Thulasizwe Buthelezi --- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Africa Ayesha B M Kharsany --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

HIV-related stigma, and particularly perceived stigma, has a negative impact across the HIV care continuum. This study adds to our understanding of stigma by assessing how perceived stigma varies from one context to another and how such differences are associated...

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Psychosocial characteristics of primary care-seeking long-distance truck drivers in Kenya and associations with HIV testing

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Matthew L Romo --- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics & Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, USA Gavin George --- Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division, South Africa Joanne E Mantell --- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Gender, Sexuality, and Health, USA Eva Mwai --- North Star Alliance, Kenya Eston Nyaga --- North Star Alliance, Kenya Jacob O Odhiambo --- North Star Alliance, Kenya Kaymarlin Govender --- Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division, South Africa Elizabeth A Kelvin --- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics & Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, USA

The 90-90-90 strategy from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) to end the AIDS epidemic by 2020 includes, as its first goal, to have 90% of all people living with HIV to know their status. Achieving this goal...

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Constructions of social selves living with HIV/AIDS: A Jungian phenomenological study

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Kathryn Nel --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Olivia Khensai Nkuna --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Saraswathie Govender --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Katlego Joy Hlokwe --- Department of Psychology, South Africa

This study explored sense of social well-being influences on self-identity and the stigma and discrimination among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Informants were 15 PLWHA from a rural background in a South African community (female = 87%, age range =...

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Community perceptions and personal accounts of HIV discordance in rural western Kenya

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ken Ondenge --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Isdorah Odero --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Eucabeth Awuonda --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Tereza Omoro --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Michael Kibogo --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya George Otieno --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Pauline Ongwena --- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya Deborah A Gust --- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA

Among HIV-discordant couples, the literature is sparse regarding issues related to stigma, relationships and coping. Objectives were to explore: 1) perceptions about discordant HIV status; 2) understanding of HIV discordancy; 3) effects of discordancy on couples; and 4) adaptation and...

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The relationship between social support and anxiety amongst children living with HIV in rural northern Namibia

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Fred Besthorn --- Wichita State University, USA Eveline N Kalomo --- Wichita State University, USA Elizabeth Lightfoot --- University of Minnesota, USA Minli Liao --- Morgan State University, USA

This study examined how HIV-related stigma and social support are related to anxiety among children living with HIV in rural northern Namibia. This is a cross-sectional exploratory study with a sample of 132 caregiver–child dyads. Our study found that higher...

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Employees’ experiences of the stigma of HIV in a retail organisation: secrecy, privacy or trust?

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kgope P Moalusi --- Industrial and Organisational Psychology, South Africa

This study unveiled the participants’ experiences of HIV-related stigma in a retail organisation located in the Western Cape province of South Africa. A qualitative approach was adopted because of its appropriateness for unravelling subjective phenomena such as employees’ experiences of...

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“Containing” tuberculosis, perpetuating stigma: the materiality of N95 respirator masks

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Kate Abney --- School for International Training, USA

This paper analyses the role of the N95 respirator mask distributed by state-funded treatment programmes to patients who are undergoing treatment for different forms of tuberculosis (TB). Although mask-wearing protocol aims to physically “contain” TB, and thus stem the airborne...

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The role of support groups in linking and retaining newly diagnosed clients in HIV care in a peri-urban location in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Siyabonga Kave --- Department of Rural Health, South Africa Nelisiwe F Khuzwayo --- Department of Rural Health, South Africa Abigail Hatcher --- School of Public Health, South Africa Yandisa Sikweyiya --- Gender & Health Research Unit, School of Public Health, South Africa

Although South Africa has the largest number of people on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the world, many HIV clients drop out of care immediately after HIV diagnosis. This qualitative study explored the perceptions and experiences of newly diagnosed clients on...

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Association between HIV/AIDS knowledge and stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS in Botswana

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Sandra B Letshwenyo-Maruatona --- Institute of Health Sciences-Gaborone, Botswana Montlenyane Madisa --- Botswana College of Distance and Open Learning, Botswana Thokgamo Boitshwarelo --- Institute of Health Sciences-Gaborone, Botswana Botho George-Kefilwe --- Institute of Health Sciences-Gaborone, Botswana Caroline Kingori --- Department of Social and Public Health, USA Gillian Ice --- Department of Social Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and College of Health Sciences and Professions, USA Joseph A Bianco --- Department of Social Medicine, USA Marape Marape --- Marape & Marape Family Medical and Public Health Clinic, Botswana Zelalem T Haile --- Department of Social Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, USA

In Botswana, an estimated 350 000 people live with HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS testing rates are low, suggesting that many other people remain undiagnosed. Stigma related to HIV/AIDS is prevalent and contributes to low testing rates and under-diagnosis of the virus. Identifying...

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Correlates of perceived HIV-related stigma among HIV-positive pregnant women in rural Mpumalanga province, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Shandir Ramlagan --- HIV/Aids, STI and TB Unit, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Sibusiso Sifunda --- HIV/Aids, STI and TB Unit, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Karl Peltzer --- HIV/Aids, STI and TB Unit, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Jenny Jean --- Miller School of Medicine, USA Robert A.C. Ruiter --- Department of Work and Social Psychology, The Netherlands

The study investigated correlates of perceived HIV-related stigma among 673 HIV-positive women from rural Mpumalanga province, South Africa (mean age 28 years old, SD = 5.73 years). The women completed measures of HIV-related stigma experience and related personal factors. Following...

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Perceptions of school principals and experiences of disclosure of teachers living with HIV

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Zvisinei Moyo --- Department of Educational Leadership and Management, South Africa Juliet Perumal --- Department of Educational Leadership and Management, South Africa

The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of school principals and the experiences of disclosure amongst teachers living with HIV. Due to HIV/AIDS-related stigma being prevalent in many societies today, many infected people would rather not disclose...

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Delayed disclosure of disability related needs: Experiences of “at-risk” students in a South African university

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Samukelisiwe Mngomezulu --- School of Education, South Africa

The present study explored disability disclosure influences on university students, and specifically the types of supports the students perceive to need. Informants were three differently abled students (female = 1 and males = 2). They participated in semi-structured and focus...

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Do challenges still exist amongst HIV/AIDS patients in managing their condition? A cross-sectional study of 297 participants in the Ethekwini Metro of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Panjasaram Naidoo --- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, South Africa Rayanta Premdutt --- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, South Africa

Background: South Africa has the largest HIV/AIDS epidemic globally and the largest anti-retroviral treatment (ART) programme in the world, yet HIV incidence is still chronically high in South Africa, especially in KwaZulu-Natal province (KZN). In light of this, a study...

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Levels and determinants of HIV testing uptake among Ghanaian men

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Samuel H Nyarko --- Department of Demography, College of Public Policy, USA Corey Sparks --- Department of Demography, College of Public Policy, USA

The uptake of HIV testing has always been found to be lower among men compared with women in many developing countries. The aim of this study was to ascertain the level and determinants of HIV testing uptake among men aged...

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Addressing community-level stigma toward key populations: communication insights from action research in Ghana

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Warren Parker --- , USA Joan Schubert --- , Ghana Serwaa Owusu-Ansah --- , Ghana Kwadwo Asante-Afari --- , Ghana Samuel Edem Assisi --- , Ghana Emmauel D Adiku --- , Ghana Thad Pennas --- , USA Saul Evans Williams --- , Ghana

Background: Global HIV response emphasises improving the uptake of HIV testing, providing access to antiretroviral therapy and sustaining viral suppression with a view to curtailing the pandemic by 2030. Stigma and discrimination impede this response by limiting engagement with the...

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The HIV/AIDS pandemic in Kenya: an investigation into the perceptions of Kenyans toward people living with HIV/AIDS and government programmes

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Robert Nyaga --- , USA

The HIV/AIDS pandemic is compounded by the continued stigmatization of the virus/disease and of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Employing structuration theory, this study sought to examine the perceptions of Kenyans toward their government’s efforts to curtail HIV/AIDS as well...

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HIV stigma, resilience and depressive symptoms among older adults living with HIV in rural Namibia

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Eveline Ndinelao Kalomo --- , USA Jung Sim Jun --- , USA Kyoung Lee --- , USA Mgori Nuru Kaddu --- , Namibia

In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV-positive older adults aged 50 years and older experience complex psychosocial issues in addition to dealing with their HIV status and the ageing process. This study focused on the association between HIV stigma, resilience, and depressive symptoms...

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Students’ vulnerability and perceptions of food insecurity at the university of KwaZulu-Natal

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition • Authors: Stella Chewe Sabi --- , South Africa Unathi Kolanisi --- , South Africa Muthulisi Siwela --- , South Africa Denver Naidoo --- , South Africa

Introduction and objective: Food insecurity (FI) is an emerging and alarming problem among university students. The problem particularly affects students from poor households. The University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), South Africa is likely to be no exception to experiencing student FI...

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Level of adherence and associated factors among HIV-positive adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Mbuwir Charlotte Bongfen --- , Ghana Kwasi Torpey --- , Ghana John Ganle --- , Ghana Augustine Ankomah --- , Ghana

Aim: Globally, there were over 250 000 new HIV infections among adolescents in 2017, with a higher proportion of these in sub-Saharan Africa. In Cameroon, UNICEF estimated over 4 200 new HIV infections in adolescents in 2015; by 2016, there...

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Domestic stigmatisation: refocusing interventions for people living with HIV

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Laura Ann Chubb --- , New Zealand Christa B Fouché --- , New Zealand

Domestic stigmatisation serves as an umbrella term for acts of enacted or felt stigma experienced in a person’s domestic environment. This article reports on the term which transpired from a narrative inquiry in 2011 with people living with HIV (PLWH)...

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The work-family interface and polygamy in Africa: A demands-resources perspective

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Africa Journal of Management • Authors: Ifeyimika O. Ogunyomi --- , USA Wendy J. Casper --- , USA

Work-family (WF) research in Africa has just begun to address unique elements of work and family relationships on this continent. In this paper, the relationships between family demands and resources in polygamous homes and family-to-work conflict and enrichment are put...

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Prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of alcohol consumption among adults living with HIV in Eswatini

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Garikayi B Chemhaka --- , Eswatini Maswati S Simelane --- , Eswatini Stanzia Moyo --- , Zimbabwe Mduduzi C Shongwe --- , Eswatini

Aim: Alcohol consumption contributes to a significant burden of illnesses, health conditions and premature deaths globally. There is limited knowledge of alcohol consumption among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Eswatini. This study sought to determine the prevalence, and examine...

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Barriers to ART adherence among school students living with HIV in Kenya

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Edith Apondi --- , Kenya Juddy Wachira --- , Kenya Rose Ayikukwei --- , Kenya Catherine Kafu --- , Kenya Jael Onyango --- , Kenya Mark Omollo --- , Kenya Becky Genberg --- , USA Winstone Nyandiko --- , Kenya Paula Braitstein --- , Kenya

HIV has transformed from a serious acute illness with high rates of morbidity and mortality to a fairly easily managed chronic disease. However, children and adolescents living with HIV are yet to achieve similar improvement in their HIV care outcomes...

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Measuring transactional sex in different contexts: How do tools to measure this practice perform in rural South Africa?

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Nambusi Kyegombe --- , United Kingdom Kirsten Stoebenau --- , USA Natsayi Chimbindi --- , South Africa Thembelihle Zuma --- , South Africa Maryam Shahmanesh --- , United Kingdom Janet Seeley --- , United Kingdom Joyce Wamoyi --- , Tanzania

Background: Adolescent girls and young women across sub-Saharan Africa are at disproportionate risk of HIV infection compared to their male counterparts. Transactional sex has been identified as an important proximate risk for infection in this population. Definitions and measures of...

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Recruitment managers’ emotional intelligence and employment discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS: The mediating role of stigma

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Michael A. Ofili --- , South Africa Erhabor S. Idemudia --- , South Africa Babatola D. Olawa --- , South Africa

This study examined the mediating role of stigma on relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and employment discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Participants included 1 112 recruitment managers (female = 49%, senior managers = 68%) drawn from both private...

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Frequency of exposure to the media is associated with levels of HIV-related knowledge and stigmatising attitudes among adults in Ghana

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Michael Boah --- , Ghana Daudi Yeboah --- , Ghana Mary Rachael Kpordoxah --- , Ghana Martin Nyaaba Adokiya --- , Ghana

Studies show that increased knowledge of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is achieved through exposure to mass media, which then contributes to positive attitudes and behaviours towards people living with HIV and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This study examined...

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Risk and protective factors for depressive symptoms among the youth living with HIV in Namibia

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Eveline Ndinelao Kalomo --- , USA Dasha Shamrova --- , USA Jung Sim Jun --- , USA Mgori Nuru Kaddu --- , Namibia Amy Kalb --- , USA

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Perceived stigma and self-identity among hearing impaired students: A brief report

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Jianhong Zheng --- , China Ming Hong --- , China Sufeng Zhang --- , China Dmitry Grigoryevich Dzyakov --- , Belarus

This study examines the perceived stigma and its relationship to self-identity among students with hearing impairment. Students (n = 151) with hearing impairment (female = 49.67%; mean age = 13.87 years, SD = 1.26 years) completed the Individual Perceived Stigma...

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Psychological flexibility as a moderator of the relationship between HIV-related stigma and resilience among HIV/AIDS patients

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Chinenye Joseph Aliche --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Chuka Mike Ifeagwazi --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Chisom Christopher Ozor --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria

HIV-related stigmatisation is common in many parts of the world and is experienced by all categories of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA). Although the negative consequences of HIV-related stigmatisation on the resilience of PLWHA is well documented, little...

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Stigma, discrimination and the implications for people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Donald Skinner --- HSRC, Sakhumzi Mfecane --- HSRC,

Stigma and discrimination play significant roles in the development and maintenance of the HIV epidemic. It is well documented that people living with HIV and AIDS experience stigma and discrimination on an ongoing basis. This impact goes beyond individuals infected...

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Managing AIDS stigma

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: William L. Holzemer --- University of California, Leana R. Uys --- College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal,

According to anecdotal reports, AIDS stigma and discrimination continue to influence people living with and affected by HIV disease as well as their health care providers, particularly in southern Africa where the burden of AIDS is so significant. Stigma is...

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A comparative analysis of perceived stigma among HIV-positive Ghanaian and African American males

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kwabena A Poku --- Health Services Management Department, University of Ghana Business School, J Gary Linn --- School of Nursing, Tennessee State University, Betsy L Fife --- School of Nursing, University of Indiana-Indianapolis, Sherry Azar --- School of Nursing, Tennessee State University, Lorna Kendrick --- School of Nursing, Tennessee State University,

The purpose of this paper was to address two questions: (i) Do Ghanaian and African American males with HIV/AIDS experience different types and degrees of stigma? and (ii) Is the impact of stigma associated with HIV/AIDS on the self different...

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Understanding and measuring AIDS-related stigma in health care settings: A developing country perspective

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Vaishali Sharma Mahendra --- Population Council, India Laelia Gilborn --- Population Council, Shalini Bharat --- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, India Rupa Jakharia Mudoi --- Lawyers Collective HIV/AIDS Unit, Bangalore Office, India Indrani Gupta --- Health Policy Research Unit, Institute of Economic Growth, India Bitra George --- Stigma Reduction Operations Research Study, SHARAN, Luke Samson --- SHARAN, Celine Costello Daly --- Asia Pacific Regional Office of Family Health International, Julie Pulerwitz --- Horizons Program/Population Council,

AIDS-related stigma and discrimination remain pervasive problems in health care institutions worldwide. This paper reports on stigma-related baseline findings from a study in New Delhi, India to evaluate the impact of a stigma-reduction intervention in three large hospitals. Data were...

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The political context of AIDS-related stigma and knowledge in a South African township community

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Brian Forsyth --- Yale University, Alain Vandormael --- Department of Sociology, University of Pretoria, Trace Kershaw --- Yale University School of Public Health, Janis Grobbelaar --- Department of Sociology, University of Pretoria,

The purpose of this study was to examine the presentation of AIDS-related stigma and knowledge within the political context of the South African government's response to the AIDS epidemic. It was during the 2000 – 2004 period that key government...

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Measuring HIV stigma for PLHAs and nurses over time in five African countries

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: William L Holzemer --- School of Nursing, University of California, Lucy N Makoae --- Faculty of Health Sciences in the Department of Nursing, National University of Lesotho, Minrie Greeff --- Africa Unit for Trans-disciplinary Health Research of the Faculty of Health Science, North-West University, Priscilla S Dlamini --- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Swaziland, Thecla W Kohi --- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Maureen L Chirwa --- University of Malawi, Joanne R Naidoo --- School of Nursing, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Kevin Durrheim --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Yvette Cuca --- School of Nursing, University of California, Leana R Uys --- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal,

The aim of this article is to document the levels of HIV stigma reported by persons living with HIV infections and nurses in Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa, Swaziland and Tanzania over a 1-year period. HIV stigma has been shown to...

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Stigma, identity and resistance among people living with HIV in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jane Goudge --- Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Lenore Manderson --- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, and Faculty of Arts, Monash University, Australia Bulelwa Ngoma --- Centre for Health Policy, Helen Schneider --- Centre for Health Policy and Professor Extraordinarius, University of the Free State,

AIDS-related stigma can cause delays in testing, poor treatment adherence, and greater numbers of new infections. Existing studies from low- and middle-income countries focus on the negative experiences of stigma, and few document resistance strategies. In this article we document...

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Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and attitudes towards people living with HIV among the general staff of a public university in Malaysia

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Yvonne Tee --- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Mary Huang --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Malaysia

Stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV have been widely documented, and have extended their impact into the workplace. Stigmatising attitudes towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the workplace significantly hinder HIV prevention efforts and indirectly affect national...

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Perceived stigma among patients receiving antiretroviral treatment: A prospective randomised trial comparing an m-DOT strategy with standard-of- care in Kenya

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Susan Kaai --- Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Canada Sandra Bullock --- Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Canada Avina Sarna --- Population Council, Matthew Chersich --- Centre for Health Policy, University of the Witwatersrand, Stanley Luchters --- International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ghent University, Belgium Scott Geibel --- Population Council, Paul Munyao --- ICAP, Kenya Kishorchandra Mandaliya --- , Kenya Marleen Temmerman --- Obstetrical Department, Ghent University Hospital, Naomi Rutenberg --- Population Council,

HIV and AIDS remain highly stigmatised. Modified directly observed therapy (m-DOT) supports antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence but little is known about its association with perceived stigma in resource-constrained settings. In 2003, 234 HIV-infected adults enrolled in a two-arm randomised trial...

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A comparison in HIV-associated stigma among healthcare workers in urban and rural Gujarat

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kartavya J Vyas --- University of California, Gulab R Patel --- Government Medical College, Deepak Shukla --- Surat New Civil Hospital ART Therapy Center, William C Mathews --- University of Southern California (USC),

The present study measures levels of stigma within health care settings in urban and rural Gujarat, in an attempt to understand how this may have contributed to the state's increasing HIV incidence. Two sites were studied: a rural hospital in...

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Modelling level, trend and geographical variations in stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Samson B Adebayo --- Monitoring and Evaluation Division, Society for Family Health, Richard Fakolade [B0002] Jennifer Anyanti --- Society for Family Health, Bright Ekweremadu --- Society for Family Health, Olaronke Ladipo --- Society for Family Health, Augustine Ankomah --- Applied Population Research, University of Exeter, UK

People living with HIV and AIDS (PLHA) often face stigma and discrimination. Stigma is a powerful tool for social control and PLHA are to varying degrees stigmatised against. Consequences of stigma and discrimination against PLHA may result in low turn-out...

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A systematic review of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination in India: Current understanding and future needs

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Shalini Bharat --- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, India

HIV/AIDS-related stigma is recognised as a major barrier to HIV prevention efforts and an impediment to mitigating its impact on individuals and communities. This paper reviews the existing research literature on AIDS stigma in India with the objective of documenting...

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HIV/AIDS stigma at the workplace: Exploratory findings from Pakistan

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Sajid Bashir --- Human Resource Management, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Pakistan

People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) are stigmatised socially. They are devalued and considered like outcasts by having lesser opportunities for education, treatment and housing, and in an organisational context they get reduced opportunities of selection, promotion and income. The phenomena...

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People's perceptions of HIV/AIDS as portrayed by their labels of the disease: the case of Botswana

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joyce T Mathangwane --- University of Botswana,

It is typical of societies to come up with their own labels or names to any phenomenon that may befall them in the course of their life time. Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has been no exception to this...

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Social impact of HIV/AIDS on clients attending a teaching hospital in Southern Nigeria

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Ofonime E. Johnson [d125e19]

People living with human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (PLWHA) face numerous social challenges. The objectives of this study were to assess the level of self-disclosure of status by PLWHA, to describe the level and patterns of stigma...

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Social and cultural aspects of HIV and AIDS in West Africa: A narrative review of qualitative research

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Helle Samuelsen [d133e18] Ole Norgaard Lise Rosendal Ostergaard

With the increasing focus on the role of social aspects of the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, the need for an overview of existing research dealing with such issues has become more urgent. The objective of this article is to...

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Stigma as ‘othering’ among Christian theology students in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Adrian D. Van Breda [d74e19]

HIV is a health and developmental crisis that has profoundly challenged the Christian church in sub-Saharan Africa. Responding to stigma and prejudice against HIV and people living with HIV and AIDS has been a major concern of theologians and Christian...

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Sanctuary or double-edged sword? Challenges confronting adolescents living at Nkosi's Haven in Johannesburg, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nkosiyazi Dube Eleanor Ross [d59e26]

Living in an institution associated with HIV and AIDS is likely to exacerbate difficulties experienced by teenagers who have to cope with the normal stresses of adolescence. The aim of the study was to explore the challenges that adolescents living...

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Experience of stigma and discrimination and the implications for healthcare seeking behavior among people living with HIV/AIDS in resource-limited setting

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Taddese Alemu Sibhatu Biadgilign [d367e28] Kebede Deribe Horacio Ruiseñor Escudero

Background: Stigma and discrimination can limit access to care and treatment services. Stigma hides HIV from the public, resulting in reduced pressure for behavioral change. For effective behavior change, empirically grounded and theory-based behavioral change approaches are fundamental as a...

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Perception of HIV/AIDS among the Igbo of Anambra State, Nigeria

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Caroline Okumdi Muoghalu [d353e19] Samuel Ayodele Jegede

Perception is fundamental in the fight against stigmatization of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). Perception generally influences discriminatory attitudes towards PLHIV which exacerbates their problems and quickens the degeneration of the disease from HIV to AIDS. This study examined the...

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Consensus on context-specific strategies for reducing the stigma of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Zambézia Province, Mozambique

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Abraham Mukolo --- , , USA Isabel Torres --- , Mozambique Ruth M. Bechtel --- , Mozambique Mohsin Sidat --- , , Mozambique Alfredo E. Vergara --- , USA

Stigma has been implicated in poor outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) care. Reducing stigma is important for HIV prevention and long-term treatment success. Although stigma reduction interventions are conducted in Mozambique, little is known about the...

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Disclosure in times of ART: A relational analysis of social practices

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Anita Hardon [d327e18] Alice Desclaux Joe Lugalla

The reach of HIV counseling and testing has grown rapidly since the 2000s, particularly since 2007 when provider-initiated counseling and testing was implemented alongside voluntary counseling and testing and testing for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission. Nevertheless, we still know...

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To tell or not to tell: Negotiating disclosure for people living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment in a South African setting

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Pride Linda [d302e18]

Disclosure of HIV status occurs for a variety of reasons and in various contexts, such as to sexual partners to enable safer sexual choices, to health-care workers to access treatment and care services and to family and community members to...

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Partager l'information sur son statut sérologique VIH dans un contexte de polygamie au Sénégal

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Khoudia Sow [d345e18]

In Senegal, where HIV prevalence is less than 1% and stigma remains important, 40% of marriages are polygamic. The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the motivations, benefits and constraints related to HIV disclosure, and to explore...

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My secret: The social meaning of HIV/AIDS stigma

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: N. Judgeo --- , South Africa K.P. Moalusi --- , South Africa

This study uses Goffman's [1963. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall] theory of stigma as an intellectual scaffold to help understand the social meaning of HIV/AIDS stigma from People Living with HIV/AIDS. The study adopts...

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Perceptions about the acceptability and prevalence of HIV testing and factors influencing them in different communities in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Yoliswa Ntsepe --- , , South Africa Leickness C. Simbayi --- , , South Africa Olive Shisana --- , South Africa Thomas Rehle --- , , South Africa Musawenkosi Mabaso --- , , South Africa Nolusindiso Ncitakalo --- , , South Africa Alicia Davids --- , , South Africa Yogandra Dhee Naidoo --- , , South Africa

HIV counselling and testing (HCT) is considered important because it is an entry point to a comprehensive continuum of care for HIV/AIDS. The South African Department of Health launched an HCT campaign in April 2010, and this reached 13,269,746 people...

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Experiences of people living with HIV and people living close to them of a comprehensive HIV stigma reduction community intervention in an urban and a rural setting

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Heleen French --- , , South Africa Minrie Greeff --- , , South Africa Martha J. Watson --- , , South Africa

HIV stigma remains high globally. Although there is a selection of HIV stigma reduction interventions discussed in the literature, there is a paucity of research about the effectiveness of these interventions. This study aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of...

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Health behaviour change of people living with HIV after a comprehensive community-based HIV stigma reduction intervention in North-West Province in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: H. Christa Chidrawi --- , , South Africa Minrie Greeff --- , , South Africa Q. Michael Temane --- , , South Africa

All over the world, health behaviour is considered a complex, far reaching and powerful phenomenon. People's lives are influenced by their own or others' health behaviour on a daily basis. Whether it has to do with smoking, drinking, pollution, global...

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‘We keep her status to ourselves’: Experiences of stigma and discrimination among HIV-discordant couples in South Africa, Tanzania and Ukraine

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Laetitia C. Rispel --- , , South Africa Allanise Cloete --- , , South Africa Carol A. Metcalf --- , South Africa

In HIV-discordant relationships, the HIV-negative partner also carries the burden of a stigmatised disease. For this reason, couples often hide their HIV-discordant status from family, friends and community members. This perpetuates the silence around HIV-discordant relationships and impacts on targeted...

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‘The mercurial piece of the puzzle’: Understanding stigma and HIV/AIDS in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Leah Gilbert --- , , South Africa

Although stigma and its relationship to health and disease is not a new phenomenon, it has not been a major feature in the public discourse until the emergence of HIV. The range of negative responses associated with the epidemic placed...

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When the clinic becomes a home. Successful VCT and ART services in a stressful environment

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jonathan Mensah Dapaah --- , , Ghana Rachel Spronk --- , , The Netherlands

With the upscaling of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-poor countries, many HIV-positive persons in Ghana have been accessing treatment in hospitals. Prevalence is relatively low compared to other African countries, 1.30%. HIV/AIDS remains heavily stigmatised in Ghana, which influences the...

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A livelihood intervention to improve economic and psychosocial well-being in rural Uganda: Longitudinal pilot study

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Bernard Kakuhikire --- , Uganda Diego Suquillo --- , USA Elly Atuhumuza --- , Uganda Rumbidzai Mushavi --- , USA Jessica M. Perkins --- , USA Atheendar S. Venkataramani --- , USA Sheri D. Weiser --- , USA David R. Bangsberg --- , USA Alexander C. Tsai --- , USA

HIV and poverty are inextricably intertwined in sub-Saharan Africa. Economic and livelihood intervention strategies have been suggested to help mitigate the adverse economic effects of HIV, but few intervention studies have focused specifically on HIV-positive persons. We conducted three pilot...

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Violence, abuse and discrimination: key factors militating against control of HIV/AIDS among the LGBTI sector

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Dominic Targema Abaver --- , , South Africa Elphina Nomabandla Cishe --- , ,

The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersex (LGBTI) South Africans continue to face considerable challenges, including societal stigma, homophobic violence (particularly corrective rape), and high rates of sexually transmitted diseases and infections (particularly Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/AIDS) even when discrimination...

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Effect of a multicomponent behavioural PMTCT cluster randomised controlled trial on HIV stigma reduction among perinatal HIV positive women in Mpumalanga province, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Karl Peltzer --- , South Africa Suat Babayigit --- , , USA Violeta J. Rodriguez --- , , USA Jenny Jean --- , USA Sibusiso Sifunda --- , South Africa Deborah L. Jones --- , , USA

Background: We evaluate the impact a multicomponent, behavioural, prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT), cluster randomised controlled trial on HIV stigma reduction among perinatal HIV infected women in rural South Africa. Methods: In a cluster randomised controlled trial, twelve...

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Youth living with HIV/AIDS in secondary schools: perspectives of peer educators and patron teachers in Western Uganda on stressors and supports

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Emmanuel Kimera --- , , Uganda Sofie Vindevogel --- , , Belgium John Rubaihayo --- , , Uganda Didier Reynaert --- , , Belgium Jessica De Maeyer --- , , Belgium Anne-Mie Engelen --- , , Belgium Johan Bilsen --- , , Belgium

As Youth Living With HIV/AIDS (YLWHA) continue to survive and live with HIV chronically due to effective Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), it is paramount to work toward maximising their psychosocial wellbeing. The school where these YLWHA are expected to spend most...

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Factors associated with discriminatory attitudes towards people living with HIV among adult population in Ethiopia: analysis on Ethiopian demographic and health survey

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Gedefaw Alen Diress --- Woldia University, Ethiopia Mohammed Ahmed --- Woldia University, Ethiopia Melese Linger --- Woldia University, Ethiopia

Extensive discriminatory attitudes in a population can affect people’s willingness to be tested for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), their initiation of antiretroviral therapy, social support as well as the quality of life of people infected with HIV. This study aimed...

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Factors associated with high HIV-related stigma among commuter populations in Johannesburg, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Peter S. Nyasulu --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Ndumiso Tshuma --- Orange Grove, South Africa Lovemore N. Sigwadhi --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa Juliet Nyasulu --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Modupe Ogunrombi --- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, South Africa Lucy Chimoyi --- The Aurum Institute, South Africa

Stigma remains an important barrier to seeking and staying in care among individuals infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Despite continued widespread information, education and communication campaigns to raise awareness about the infection. The aim of the study was to...

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A model to understand HIV-related stigma and the psychosocial well-being of children orphaned by AIDS: a theory generative approach

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Z. Yassin --- University of the Western Cape, South Africa C. Erasmus --- University of the Western Cape, South Africa J. Frantz --- University of the Western Cape, South Africa

HIV-related stigma has negatively impacted the psychosocial well-being of children who have been orphaned by AIDS-related causes. Response to reducing stigma and ensuring child well-being is hindered by the limited understanding of HIV-related stigma and how it affects the psychosocial...

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“I don’t know if you have searched through the scriptures to find a reference on HIV/AIDS. I mean there isn’t going to be one, right?”: HIV stigma solutions from dialogues between faith leaders and health care workers

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Germari Kruger --- Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands Eduardus AJG van der Borght --- Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands Martha T Teijema --- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands Marceline Tutu van Furth --- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands

In South African communities, both faith leaders and health care workers play a vital role in supporting the health of community members and people living with HIV in particular. This study describes HIV stigma when faith leaders and health care...

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“We will tell when we are ready”: perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and self-disclosure of their status in Eswatini

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Baliwe P. Dlamini --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Ntombifikile G. Mtshali --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has promoted a significant decrease in mortality of vertically HIV-infected children. As a result, there has been an increasing growth of this population that reaches adolescence. These adolescents face problems such as self-disclosure and the...

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Understanding the uptake of HIV testing among women in Liberia: the role of female genital mutilation/cutting

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Daniel Amoak --- Western University, Canada Nancy Osei-Kye --- Western University, Canada Florence W. Anfaara --- Western University, Canada Yujiro Sano --- Nipissing University, Canada Roger Antabe --- University of Toronto Scarborough, Canada Isaac Luginaah --- Western University, Canada

Past studies show that the processes of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) on women can increase their susceptibility to HIV infection. This is because genital tears or ruptures, scars and wounds from FGM/C may expose survivors to heightened risks of contracting...

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How perspective taking influences obesity stereotypes: The mediating effect of intergroup contact

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Yunlong Wu --- Inner Mongolia Normal University, China Yuzhu Zhang --- Hulunbuir University, China

Obesity is stigmatised and associated with adverse health, psychological, and social consequences. This study examined contact influences on the relationship between perspective taking and obesity stereotypes in young adults. The sample comprised 411 Chinese university students (female = 73.97%; mean...

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Understanding depression, anxiety and stress in young people living with HIV in Ghana

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: John-Paul Omuojine --- , Ghana Charles Martyn-Dickens --- , Ghana Sheila Agyiewaa Owusu --- , Ghana Allysa Warling --- , USA Ruth Charlotte Sackey --- , Ghana Gustav Nettey --- , Ghana Evans Otieku --- University of Ghana, Ghana Anthony Enimil --- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Leah Ratner --- , USA

Ghanaians with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection now live into adulthood. It is known that adolescents and young adults living with HIV have a high risk of mental health comorbidity. Despite increasing global attention on HIV–mental health interactions,...

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Childhood Trauma and Remembrance: Weaponised PTSD in Glaydah Namukasa’s The Deadly Ambition

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies • Authors: Gabriel Kosiso Okonkwo --- Rhodes University, South Africa

Defining crime within the prism of personal responsibility without recourse to its triggers engenders post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in victims of unfair hearings. While literary studies interrogating blame for traumatic reactions on the basis of personal responsibility or choice abound,...

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HIV stigma in faith communities in South Africa: A cross-sectional study

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Germari Kruger --- North-West University, South Africa Eduardus A. J. G van der Borght --- Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands Martha T Teijema --- Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, The Netherlands Sabine L van Elsland --- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom Stella L. E Münninghoff --- Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands Marceline Tutu van Furth --- Amsterdam University Center, Emma’s Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam Institute for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, The Netherlands

Background: The role of religion and faith in the context of HIV stigma is complex. It is important to recognise the diversity of religious beliefs and practices and to work with faith communities to promote a compassionate, non-stigmatising response to...

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Influence of self-compassion on HIV-related stigma, health-related quality of life, and depression among HIV/AIDS patients

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Chinenye Joseph Aliche --- North West University, South Africa Erhabor Sunday Idemudia --- North West University, South Africa Michael O. Ezenwa --- Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria

Background: People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) may experience HIV-related stigma, which could negatively impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and increase symptoms of depression. Self-compassion is a positive personality attribute that may protect PLWHA against stigmatisation. Previous studies have not...

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Stigma reduction Interventions for adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Sub-Saharan African countries: The state of the evidence

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Dorothy Serwaa Boakye --- University of Education, Ghana Samuel Adjorlolo --- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana

Background: HIV-related stigma remains a significant barrier to well-being and access to healthcare for adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. Stigma reduction interventions have been developed to address this challenge, but the effectiveness of these interventions...

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Who will be more likely to seek help? The relationship between suicidal ideation, suicide literacy, attitudes toward suicide and help-seeking intention in male and female adolescents

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health • Authors: Bich-Phuong Vu --- RMIT University Vietnam, Vietnam Ha-Giang Nguyen --- University of Education, Vietnam National University Hanoi, Vietnam Hoang-Minh Dang --- University of Education, Vietnam National University Hanoi, Vietnam

Objectives: Among adolescents, suicide is a critical global concern, yet research is limited in low- and middle-income countries. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the interrelations among suicide-related factors (specifically, suicidal ideation, suicide literacy, attitudes toward suicide,...

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Assessment of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and knowledge gaps among healthcare providers in Egypt

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Salma M. A. Mansour --- Egyptian Intellectual Property Authority, Egypt Rahma Mohamed --- Cairo University Hospitals HIV Clinic, Cairo University, Egypt Moses Shongwe --- , United Kingdom Eman Raslan --- , Ahmed Cordie --- Cairo University Hospitals HIV Clinic, Cairo University, Egypt Mohamed AbdAllah --- National Research Center, Egypt Shadw Osama Helal --- Cairo University Hospitals, Egypt Kareem Essam Aiad --- Specialised Medical Centers, Egypt Salma Ghoneim --- Cairo University, Egypt Mohamed Khaled Elshirbeny --- Nasser Institute Hospital for Research and Treatment, Specialised Medical Centers, Egypt Mohamed Gamal Ahmed --- Elsahel Teaching Hospital, Egypt Saeed Soliman --- ,

Background: Stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV (PLHIV) in healthcare settings are significant barriers to achieving Egypt’s 95–95–95 targets and ending AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Misconceptions among healthcare professionals (HCPs) can negatively affect testing,...

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Hidden no more: A fifteen-year epidemiological assessment of HIV/AIDS in Libya and the urgent need for national action

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Hamza Saad --- University of Central Missouri, United States of America

Background: In Libya, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has worsened over the past 10 years because of political instability, dilapidated health infrastructure, social stigma, and limited access to testing and treatment. While public health has a growing interest in addressing HIV issues,...

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Systematic scoping review on HIV services for males in Sub-Saharan Africa: Access, barriers, and research gaps

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Patience Manjengwa --- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, South Africa Clarence Yah --- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, South Africa Nozipho Musakwa --- Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, South Africa Alfred Musekiwa --- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, South Africa

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