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Stability of asymptotic properties of Hille-yosida operators under perturbations and retarded differential equations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Quaestiones Mathematicae • Authors: Lahcen ManiarWe give conditions on the strongly continuous semigroup (T 0(t)) t≥0, generated by the part of a Hille-Yosida operator A on X 0 := D(A), and a non-autonomous family of operators (B(t)) t≥0 such that the evolution family (U(t,s)) t≥s≥0,... -
Macro-invertebrate predators of freshwater pulmonate snails in Africa, with particular reference to Appasus grassei (Heteroptera) and Procambarus clarkii (Decapoda)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: CC Appleton BV Hofkin A BaijnathA range of African and alien macro-invertebrates has been reported preying on freshwater pulmonate snails, including those that serve as intermediate hosts for bloodflukes of the genus Schistosoma. Predation by five molluscivorous taxa is reviewed here: indigenous leeches (Glossiphoniidae), marsh... -
Biodiversity and extracellular enzymatic activity of heterotrophic bacterial communities in Bardawil Lagoon, Egypt
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: M Bahgat --- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Egypt A Dewedar --- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Egypt HM Shafik --- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Egypt EE Shabana --- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, EgyptThe biodiversity of heterotrophic viable bacteria (209 isolates) in the hypersaline Bardawil Lagoon, Egypt, was studied. Composition and extracellular activities of viable culturable heterotrophic bacteria (VCHB) in the water and in non-colonised and seagrass-colonised sediments of Bardawil Lagoon were determined... -
Composition, abundance, distribution and seasonality of zooplankton in the Sundays Estuary, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: K Sutherland --- Department of Zoology, South Africa TH Wooldridge --- Department of Zoology, South Africa NA Strydom --- Department of Zoology, South AfricaThe zooplankton assemblage in the permanently open Sundays Estuary, on the south-east coast of South Africa, was studied seasonally. Samples were collected once per season between winter 2007 and autumn 2009 by means of boat-based plankton tows. A total of... -
The incidence of torpor in winter and summer in the Angolan free-tailed bat, Mops condylurus (Microchiroptera: Molossidae), in a subtropical environment, Mpumulanga, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: L. Vivier --- Zoology Department, South Africa M. van der Merwe --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South AfricaThe incidence of torpor during summer and winter in response to cold exposure in Mops condylurus was studied in a subtropical environment. Body temperature changes under natural roosting conditions during winter and summer were monitored using bats fitted with temperature-sensitive... -
Molossid bats in an African agro-ecosystem select sugarcane fields as foraging habitat
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Christina Lehmkuhl Noer --- Animal Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Biology, Denmark Torben Dabelsteen --- Animal Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Biology, Denmark Kristine Bohmann --- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Denmark Ara Monadjem --- All Out Africa Research Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SwazilandTwo coexisting species of African molossids, the little free-tailed bat, Chaerephon pumilus, and the Angolan free-tailed bat, Mops condylurus, were studied in the lowveld of Swaziland. Nine C. pumilus and five M. condylurus, all non-lactating females, were radio-tracked in order... -
Comparative and theoretical framework of Brazilian hospitality studies
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: • Authors: Elizabeth K. Wada --- School of Hospitality and Tourism, Anhembi Morumbi University, São Paolo, Brazil Airton José Cavenaghi --- School of Hospitality and Tourism, Anhembi Morumbi University, São Paolo, Brazil Maria do Rosário Rolfsen Salles --- School of Hospitality and Tourism, Anhembi Morumbi University, São Paolo, BrazilThe purpose of this article is to give a summary of the bibliographical production of the first publications made by the Master’s Programme in Hospitality at the Anhembi Morumbi University, São Paolo, the compilations edited by Célia Maria de Moraes... -
Effect of conventional and organic orchard floor management practices on enzyme activities and microbial counts in a ‘Cripp's Pink’/M7 apple orchard
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: André H Meyer --- Agricultural Research Council–Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, South Africa John Wooldridge --- Agricultural Research Council–Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, South Africa Joanna F Dames --- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, South AfricaOrganic (ORG) production practices are increasingly being used in South African apple orchards. Whether ORG orchard floor management practices differ in their effects on soil enzyme activities and microbial populations from conventional (CON) practices have not been adequately investigated, particularly... -
The status of Sauromys petrophilus and Chaerephon pumilus (Chiroptera: Molossidae) in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: David S. Jacobs --- Department of Zoology, South Africa M. Brock Fenton --- Department of Biology, CanadaChaerephon pumilus is widespread in tropical and subtropical Africa, with an outlying southern population near the Cape which is based primarily on records of specimens captured at the Algeria Forestry Station (32°22’S, 19°03’E) in South Africa. Sauromys petrophilus, a flat-headed... -
A new species of Eilica (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Moira J. FitzPatrick --- Natural History Museum, zimbabweEilica lotzi, a new species collected in Bloemfontein, South Africa, is described. This brings to four the number of species known from Africa. -
Trial by fire: social spider colony demographics in periodically burned grassland
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Yael Lubin --- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Israel Tanza Crouch --- Durban Natural Science Museum, South AfricaNature conservation authorities in southern Africa burn the grassland in nature reserves to reduce the incursion of woody plants and to encourage the growth of new grass for grazing. Studies have shown significant negative effects of burning on the abundance,... -
An analysis of Bat Hawk Macheiramphus alcinus diet in the Melaky Region of lowland western Madagascar
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Steven M Goodman --- Field Museum of Natural History, USA Stéphanie VJ Razakaratrimo --- Peregrine Fund Madagascar, Madagascar Lily-Arison Réné de Roland --- Peregrine Fund Madagascar, MadagascarWe present information on the prey taken by the Bat Hawk Macheiramphus alcinus in two different areas of lowland western central Madagascar. These are the first dietary data from Madagascar for this widespread Old World species. The recovered remains were... -
Comparative and theoretical framework of Brazilian hospitality studies
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Research in Hospitality Management • Authors: Elizabeth K. Wada --- School of Hospitality and Tourism, Anhembi Morumbi University, Brazil Airton José Cavenaghi --- School of Hospitality and Tourism, Anhembi Morumbi University, Brazil Maria do Rosário Rolfsen Salles --- School of Hospitality and Tourism, Anhembi Morumbi University, BrazilThe purpose of this article is to give a summary of the bibliographical production of the first publications made by the Master's Programme in Hospitality at the Anhembi Morumbi University, Sã;o Paolo, the compilations edited by Célia Maria de Moraes... -
New records of Planes crabs associated with sea turtles in Africa and adjacent waters
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: JB Pfaller --- Caretta Research Project, United States AN Palau --- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and the Department of Biology, United States PD Agamboué --- Marine Program, Gabon M Barret --- Kélonia, l’Observatoire des Tortues Marines, Réunion S Ciccione --- Kélonia, l’Observatoire des Tortues Marines, Réunion G Cliff --- KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board, South Africa A Formia --- Marine Program, Gabon JC Manfoumbi --- Ibonga-ACPE [Association pour la Connaissance et la Protection de l’Environnement], Gabon A Marco --- Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EBD-CSIC), Spain G-P Sounguet --- Aventures Sans Frontières, Gabon AD Tucker --- Mote Marine Laboratory and Aquarium, United StatesCrabs of the genus Planes (family Grapsidae) live on floating debris and pelagic animals and spend their lives rafting at the surface of the open ocean. Among living substrata, Planes minutus is frequently found associated with sea turtles. However, prior... -
Soil β-glucosidase activity, organic carbon and nutrients in plant tissue in response to cover crop species and management practices
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Adewole T Adetunji --- , South Africa Bongani Ncube --- , South Africa Andre H Meyer --- , South Africa Reckson Mulidzi --- , South Africa Francis B Lewu --- , South AfricaCover crop (CC) management can be improved to enhance carbon storage, microbial activity and fertility in agricultural soils. This study assessed the immediate effect of living CCs and residues, two termination stages (vegetative and flowering) and two termination methods (slash... -
Culture and African contexts of HIV/AIDS prevention, care and support
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Collins O. Airhihenbuwa --- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, J. DeWitt Webster --- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health,Culture plays a vital role in determining the level of health of the individual, the family and the community. This is particularly relevant in the context of Africa, where the values of extended family and community significantly influence the behaviour... -
Treating AIDS: Dilemmas of unequal access in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Susan Reynolds Whyte --- Institute of Anthropology, University of Copenhagen, Michael A. Whyte --- Institute of Anthropology, University of Copenhagen, Lotte Meinert --- Department of Social Anthropology, University of Aarhus, Betty Kyaddondo --- AIDS Information Centre,The price of antiretroviral (ARV) medicines in Uganda has fallen dramatically in recent years and more people are under treatment. By mid-2003 it was estimated that 10 000 people were taking ARVs. Drawing on participant observation, qualitative interviews, work with... -
Factors associated with consistent condom use by employees in the brewery industry in Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Adegbenga Sunmola --- Department of Psychology, University of Ibadan,Many employees of large organisations in Nigeria face significant risks for HIV infection, especially due to occasional or regular job transfers, involvement in casual sexual encounters and lack of consistent condom use. The current study analysed the determinants of consistent... -
Social grants as safety net for HIV/AIDS-affected households in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Frikkie Booysen --- Department of Economics and the Centre for Health Systems Research & Development, University of the Free State, South AfricaSouth Africa has a well-developed system of social security and the reach of the social grant safety net has expanded rapidly over the past five years. Social grants are likely to play an important role in mitigating the impact of... -
Gender and HIV/AIDS impact mitigation in sub-Saharan Africa — recognising the constraints
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Janet Seeley --- Gender and Development, School of Development Studies, University of East Anglia, Rachel Grellier --- Options Consultancy Services, Tony Barnett --- Development Studies Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science,In discussions of gender and HIV/AIDS, attention has focused on prevention. This is a vital area. However, we argue that there is also a need to focus more attention on the resulting impact of the epidemic, because inequalities that promote... -
A study of local government HIV/AIDS projects in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Leon Swartz --- Population and Development Research, Niel Roux --- Directorate: Population and Development Research,The primary goal of this study was to survey local government HIV/AIDS projects in South Africa. A total of 240 questionnaires were sent to local municipalities nationally between May and July 2002. A total of 44 municipalities returned their questionnaires,... -
Willingness to pay for treatment with highly active antiretroviral (HAART) drugs: a rural case study in Cameroon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kenneth Ngwambokong Muko --- Catholic Health Service of the archdiocese of Bamenda, Valentine Che Ngwa --- St James University Hospital, UK Leslie Chigang --- St Louis Clinic Bamenda, Igbinosum Gladys Ngwa --- St Martin De Porres Hospital, Anke Meiburg --- St Martin De Porres Hospital, Elvis Neba Shu --- Department of pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka,This paper reports on the willingness of HIV/AIDS patients to pay for the most affordable triple therapy combination of antiretrovirals in a local setting in Cameroon. Questionnaires were used to evaluate willingness to pay, and patients who could still afford... -
Preventing mother-to-child transmission: factors affecting mothers' choice of feeding — a case study from Cameroon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kenneth Ngwambokong Muko --- Catholic Health Service, Archdiocese of Bamenda, Cameroon Koubitim Ginnette Tchangwe --- St Martin de Porres Hospital, Valentine Che Ngwa --- St James University Hospital, UK Laah Njoya --- Fundong District Hospital, CameroonThis paper reports on factors influencing the decision of mothers regarding the type of feeding method for their babies in a rural setting in Cameroon. The aim of the study was to ascertain the proportion of mothers choosing the different... -
L'ascenseur et l'escalier — la lutte contre le SIDA au Cameroun
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jacques-Philippe Tsala Tsala --- Department of Psychology, University of Yaoundé I and Catholic University of Central Africa, CameroonHIV/AIDS infection has spread like wildfire in the countries of sub-saharan Africa. In order to fight that pandemic, Cameroon has organised itself by setting up, with the assistance of bilateral and multilateral partners, a national structure with the aim to... -
Stigma, discrimination and the implications for people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Donald Skinner --- HSRC, Sakhumzi Mfecane --- HSRC,Stigma and discrimination play significant roles in the development and maintenance of the HIV epidemic. It is well documented that people living with HIV and AIDS experience stigma and discrimination on an ongoing basis. This impact goes beyond individuals infected... -
Managing AIDS stigma
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: William L. Holzemer --- University of California, Leana R. Uys --- College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal,According to anecdotal reports, AIDS stigma and discrimination continue to influence people living with and affected by HIV disease as well as their health care providers, particularly in southern Africa where the burden of AIDS is so significant. Stigma is... -
Alcohol abuse, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS in Botswana: establishing the link based on empirical evidence
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Odireleng Phorano --- Department of Social Work, University of Botswana, Keitseope Nthomang --- Department of Social Work, University of Botswana, Dolly Ntseane --- Department of Social Work, University of Botswana,The existence of gender-based violence has been a source of concern within the public and private sectors as well as civil society organisations in Botswana. The present study investigated the link between alcohol abuse, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS. Further, it... -
Life skills training as HIV/AIDS preventive strategy in secondary schools: evaluation of a large-scale implementation process
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maretha J. Visser --- University of Pretoria,A life skills and HIV/AIDS education programme was implemented in secondary schools as a strategy to combat the spread of HIV/AIDS among school-going young people in South Africa. As part of a joint effort of the Departments of Health and... -
People living with HIV and AIDS in everyday conditions of township life in South Africa: between structural constraint and individual tactics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Frédéric Le Marcis --- Department of Social Anthropology, University of Victor Segalen, Rehana Ebrahim-Vally --- University of the Witwatersrand,The HIV/AIDS pandemic in South Africa has negatively transformed the lives of many in townships and rural areas. People living with AIDS (PWAs) are the socially weakened, whose means of survival include migrating, enduring gender violence, and they are thus... -
Prevention of HIV and other STIs in rural Senegal: a study of prevention-related events collected by sentinel observers
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Abdoulaye Sidibé Wade --- Division SIDA, Senegalese Ministry of Health, Catherine Enel [B0002] Emmanuel Lagarde --- French National Institute for Health research (INSERM),We conducted a study of AIDS/STI prevention-related events based on a network of sentinel observers over a 35-month period in three rural communities of Senegal (May 2000 – March 2003). In one of these communities we also conducted a population-based... -
Perceived HIV/AIDS impact among staff in tertiary institutions in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health, Human Sciences Research Council, Karl Peltzer --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health, Human Sciences Research Council,A descriptive questionnaire-based study was undertaken among staff in tertiary institutions in the Eastern Cape Province. The objective of the study was to explore perceived HIV/AIDS impact on duties at work, staff morale, job satisfaction and workload among a proportionate... -
Estimates of eligibility for antiretroviral treatment (ART) and projected ART impact on AIDS mortality among South African educators
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Thomas M Rehle --- HSRC's Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Programme, Olive Shisana --- South African Human Sciences Research Council,The study assessed the proportion of HIV-infected educators that need antiretroviral treatment (ART) according to current criteria, and estimated the impact of ART on AIDS mortality by modelling scenarios with and without access to ART. Specimens for HIV testing were... -
Women in Chinsapo, Malawi: vulnerability and risk to HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jayati Ghosh --- Division of Business, Dominican University of California, Ezekiel Kalipeni --- Geography and African Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,Malawi, a very poor country located in southern Africa, is no exception to the growing trend and severity in HIV prevalence. By the end of 2003 there were 900 000 adults and children in Malawi living with HIV/AIDS. Adult prevalence... -
A comparative analysis of perceived stigma among HIV-positive Ghanaian and African American males
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kwabena A Poku --- Health Services Management Department, University of Ghana Business School, J Gary Linn --- School of Nursing, Tennessee State University, Betsy L Fife --- School of Nursing, University of Indiana-Indianapolis, Sherry Azar --- School of Nursing, Tennessee State University, Lorna Kendrick --- School of Nursing, Tennessee State University,The purpose of this paper was to address two questions: (i) Do Ghanaian and African American males with HIV/AIDS experience different types and degrees of stigma? and (ii) Is the impact of stigma associated with HIV/AIDS on the self different... -
Poverty and HIV/AIDS in South Africa: an empirical contribution
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Lerato Sonia Tladi --- Demography Section of the Social Aspect of HIV/AIDS (SAHA) Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council,This study sets out to establish and explain the empirical link between HIV/AIDS and poverty using data collected by the 1998 South African Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS). Analysis is restricted to women of reproductive age (15 – 49 years)... -
Impact of AIDS on rural livelihoods in Benue State, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Thea Hilhorst --- Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Marti van Liere --- Health Department, KIT, Adiya V Ode --- DFID, Nigeria Korrie de Koning --- Department of Development, Policy and Practice, KIT,This study addresses the socio-economic impact of AIDS on rural livelihoods in Benue State, Nigeria, where HIV prevalence is 9.3% but the number of AIDS cases is still relatively low. About 6% of the study households had experienced illness and... -
Effect of exposure to clinic-based health education interventions on behavioural intention to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jude Igumbor --- School of Health Sciences, University of Venda, South Africa Supa Pengpid --- National School of Public Health, University of Limpopo, South Africa Larry Obi --- University of Venda, South AfricaHIV and AIDS incidence among infants in South Africa is on the increase. The uptake of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) interventions is often said to be dependent on the beliefs and educational needs of those requiring PMTCT services. This... -
‘I just ended up here, no job and no health…’ — men's outlook on life in the context of economic hardship and HIV/AIDS in Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Britt Pinkowsky Tersbøl --- University of Copenhagen, DenmarkBased on ethnographic material from northern and central Namibia, this article provides insight into the views and experiences of primarily unemployed and poor men, and the dilemmas with which they are confronted due to lack of life opportunities. For these... -
Innovations dans les approches, activités et résultats des conférences internationales sur le VIH/SIDA en Afrique — Le cas de la 3ème conférence africaine sur les aspects sociaux du VIH/SIDA, Dakar, 10 – 14 octobre 2005
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Cheikh Ibrahima Niang [CXX0001] O. Shisana G. Andrews D. Kaseje L. Simbayi K. Peltzer Y. ToefyLa situation du VIH/SIDA en Afrique demeure très préoccupante. L'impact du VIH est considérable et menace la survie et le développement des sociétés africaines. Bien qu'il y ait beaucoup d'efforts, les réponses ne sont pas encore à la hauteur des... -
Compassion or condemnation? South African Muslim students' attitudes to people with HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Zubeda Paruk --- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Sitti Djamela Mohamed --- Health Promotion, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Cynthia Patel --- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Howard College Campus), Sarojini Ramgoon --- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Howard College Campus),Given the dearth of literature on the influence of religiosity on attitudes toward people with HIV/AIDS, the present study surveyed these variables in a sample of South African Muslim university students using the Religious Orientation Scale (ROS) and an attitude... -
Social constructions of gender roles, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS in two communities of the Western Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Anna Strebel --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Programme of the Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Mary Crawford --- Psychology Department, University of Conneticut, USA Tamara Shefer --- Women and Gender Studies Programme, University of the Western Cape, South Africa Allanise Cloete --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Programme of the Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Nomvo Dwadwa-Henda --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Programme of the Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Michelle Kaufman --- University of Conneticut, USA Leickness Simbayi --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Research Programme, Kgobati Magome --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Research Programme of the Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Seth Kalichman --- Psychology Department, University of Conneticut, USAThe links between gender roles, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS risk are complex and culturally specific. In this qualitative study we investigated how women and men in two black communities in the Western Cape, South Africa, constructed their gender identities and... -
Experiences of orphan care in Amach, Uganda: assessing policy implications
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christopher Oleke --- Ministry of Health - Uganda, Astrid Blystad --- University of Bergen, Norway Ole Bjørn Rekdal --- Bergen University College, Karen Marie Moland --- University of Bergen, NorwayUganda is estimated to have around two million orphans constituting approximately 19% of all the children in the country. This paper presents findings from a study on the experiences of orphan care among Langi people of Amach sub-county in Lira... -
HIV/AIDS through the lens of Christianity: Perspectives from a South African urban support group
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Khumbulani Hlongwana --- South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Malaria Research Programme, Sibongile Sylvia Mkhize --- Research Programme of Health Systems Trust (HST),HIV is one of the most obscure viruses that humankind has had to face in recent times. Compounding this obscurity are often contesting perspectives on what it means to be HIV infected, and these perspectives are largely constituted by people's... -
Widowhood in the era of HIV/AIDS: A case study of Slaya District, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Constance Ambasa-Shisanya --- Family Health International,Luo women are believed to acquire contagious cultural impurity after the death of their husbands that is perceived as dangerous to other people. To neutralise this impure state, a sexual cleansing rite is observed. In the indigenous setting, the ritual... -
Understanding and measuring AIDS-related stigma in health care settings: A developing country perspective
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Vaishali Sharma Mahendra --- Population Council, India Laelia Gilborn --- Population Council, Shalini Bharat --- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, India Rupa Jakharia Mudoi --- Lawyers Collective HIV/AIDS Unit, Bangalore Office, India Indrani Gupta --- Health Policy Research Unit, Institute of Economic Growth, India Bitra George --- Stigma Reduction Operations Research Study, SHARAN, Luke Samson --- SHARAN, Celine Costello Daly --- Asia Pacific Regional Office of Family Health International, Julie Pulerwitz --- Horizons Program/Population Council,AIDS-related stigma and discrimination remain pervasive problems in health care institutions worldwide. This paper reports on stigma-related baseline findings from a study in New Delhi, India to evaluate the impact of a stigma-reduction intervention in three large hospitals. Data were... -
Food insecurity, HIV/AIDS pandemic and sexual behaviour of female commercial sex workers in Lagos metropolis, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: John Lekan Oyefara --- Obafemi Awolowo University, NigeriaThis study examined the role of hunger and food insecurity in the sexual behaviour of female commercial sex workers in Lagos metropolis, Nigeria within the context of HIV/AIDS. In addition, the study investigated the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs)... -
Report and policy brief from the 4th Africa Conference on Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research: Innovations in access to prevention, treatment and care in HIV/AIDS, Kisumu, Kenya, 29 April–3 May 2007
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: G. Setswe [CXX0001] K. Peltzer M. Banyini D. Skinner J. Seager S. Maile S. Sedumedi D. Gomis I. van der LindeAbout 520 delegates from all over Africa and 21 countries attended the conference. This report and policy brief summarises the key findings and suggested policy options that emerged from rapporteur reports of conference proceedings including the following themes: (1) Orphans... -
HIV/AIDS and family support systems: A situation analysis of people living with HIV/AIDS in Lagos State
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Adeyemi E. Oluwagbemiga --- Lagos State University, NigeriaCurrent statistics about the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Nigeria do not reveal the broader social and economic impacts of the disease on the family. The study therefore primarily aimed to address the socio-economic effects of HIV infection on individuals and their... -
A comprehensive programme addressing HIV/AIDS and gender based violence
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Madri Jansen van Rensburg --- Southern African Development Community,A survey was administered to 304 respondents participating from three areas near Welkom, South Africa. Face-toface interviews were conducted with women from randomly selected households to evaluate the impact of a service provision programme targeting women living with HIV/AIDS and... -
The role of HIV/AIDS committees in effective workplace governance of HIV/AIDS in South African small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jocelyn R Vass --- Human Science Research Council,The primary purpose of this study was to assess the role, status and scope of workplace HIV/AIDS committees as a means of effective workplace governance of the HIV/AIDS impact, and their role in extending social protective HIV/AIDS-related rights to employees... -
Diagnostic social de l'infection à VIH/Sida et stratégies endogènes de prévention à Gaoua, Burkina Faso
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Donmozoun Télesphore Somé --- HIV/AIDS & Reproductive Health Department of Centre MURAZ,Despite sensitising and prevention messages, women still remain concerned about AIDS in developing countries. How do they perceive the illness and methods of prevention? The objective of this study was to assess the social diagnosis of HIV/AIDS, and endogenous strategies... -
Confidentiality or continuity? Family caregivers' experiences with care for HIV/AIDS patients in home-based care in Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mokhantšo Makoae --- Child, Youth, Family and Social Development Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Ken Jubber --- Department of Sociology, University of Cape Town,In the context of poor access to antiretroviral therapies in sub-Saharan Africa, the minimum treatment package intended to treat opportunistic infections common with HIV infection is inadequate but appealing, since it presumes universal coverage of medical care for patients living... -
The Farmer Life School: experience from an innovative approach to HIV education among farmers in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kees Swaans --- Athena Institute for Research on Innovation and Communication in Health and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands Jacqueline Broerse --- Department Science Communication, Athena Institute for Research on Innovation and Communication in Health and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands Monique Salomon --- Centre for Environment, Agriculture and Development (CEAD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Maxwell Mudhara --- Farmer Support Group, Community Development and Outreach Division of the Centre for Environment, Agriculture and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Makhosazana Mweli --- , South Africa Joske Bunders --- Athena Institute of the VU University Amsterdam, the NetherlandsThe Farmer Life School (FLS) is an innovative approach to integrating HIV education into life skills and technical training for farmers. This study aims to gain insight into the strengths and weaknesses of this relatively new approach, through the implementation... -
The political context of AIDS-related stigma and knowledge in a South African township community
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Brian Forsyth --- Yale University, Alain Vandormael --- Department of Sociology, University of Pretoria, Trace Kershaw --- Yale University School of Public Health, Janis Grobbelaar --- Department of Sociology, University of Pretoria,The purpose of this study was to examine the presentation of AIDS-related stigma and knowledge within the political context of the South African government's response to the AIDS epidemic. It was during the 2000 – 2004 period that key government... -
Condom use as part of the wider HIV prevention strategy: Experiences from communities in the North West Province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Marije Versteeg --- University of Pretoria, Montagu Murray --- Functional Household Programme at the Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria,Correct and consistent condom usage remains a pivotal strategy in reaching the target set by the South African government to reduce new HIV infections by 50% in the next 5 years. Studies have found that there has been an increase... -
Microcredit for people affected by HIV and AIDS: Insights from Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Dipankar Datta --- Concern Worldwide, Kenya James Njuguna --- Concern Worldwide, KenyaConsequences of HIV and AIDS are exponential in Kenya, touching not only the health of those infected, but also depleting socioeconomic resources of entire families. Access to financial services is one of the important ways to protect and build economic... -
Rapid assessment of drug use and sexual HIV risk patterns among vulnerable drugusing populations in Cape Town, Durban and Pretoria, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Charles Parry --- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit (ADARU), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Petal Petersen --- ADARU/MRC, Tara Carney --- ADARU/MRC, Sarah Dewing [B0004] Richard Needle --- Vulnerable Populations Project of the Global AIDS Program (GAP), Centers of Disease Control,This exploratory study examines the links between drug use and high-risk sexual practices and HIV in vulnerable drug-using populations in South Africa, including commercial sex workers (CSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM), injecting drug users (IDUs) and non-injecting... -
Prevalence and social correlates of sexual intercourse among schoolgoing adolescents in Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kazhila Croffat Chinsembu --- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Namibia, Seter Siziya --- Department of Community Medicine of the School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Adamson S Muula --- Community and Public Health, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Emmanuel Rudatsikira --- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University,Adolescent sexuality is an important public health issue, as it affects risk to contract HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. The assessment of prevalence of sexual intercourse among adolescents is of public health significance, as it may guide policies and... -
Barriers and facilitators to patients' adherence to antiretroviral treatment in Zambia: a qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nawa Sanjobo --- Copperbelt University, Jan C Frich --- Research Unit for General Practice, University of Oslo, Atle Fretheim --- Preventive and International Health Care Unit, Norwegian Knowledge Centre for Health Services, NorwayPatients' adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is important for effective medical treatment of HIV/AIDS. We conducted a qualitative interview study in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia in 2006. The aim of the study was to explore patients' and health care... -
Review of national AIDS councils in Africa: Findings from five countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Charles Hongoro --- Policy Analysis Unit, Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa (HSRC), Akim J Mturi --- Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance (SAHARA), Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa (HSRC), Joshua Kembo --- Bureau of Market Research (BMR) at UNISA,National AIDS councils (NACs) were established in many African countries to co-ordinate the multi-sectoral response to HIV/ AIDS. Their main mandate is to provide strategic leadership and co-ordinate activities geared to fight against HIV/AIDS. This study sought to understand the... -
Gender differences in university students' HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and sexual behaviours in Malawi: a pilot study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Pierson RT Ntata --- Chancellor College, University of Malawi, Adamson S Muula --- Flinders University Medical School, Australia Seter Siziya --- Medical Biostatistics in the School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Edrinnie E Kayambazinthu --- English Department, Chancellor College, University of Medicine,A cross-sectional study was conducted among first-year university students in Malawi to determine distributions of HIV/AIDS related knowledge, and sexual behaviours. A total of 314 (199 male and 115 female) students were eligible to participate, and of these 221 (70.4%)... -
HIV/AIDS and Indian youth - a review of the literature (1980 – 2008)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Anita Nath --- , IndiaThe main objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the situation regarding HIV/AIDS among youth in India, and explore the possible strategies that could be effective in combating the spread of this disease. India is in... -
Challenges impacting on the quality of care to persons living with HIV/AIDS and other terminal illnesses with reference to Kanye community home-based care programme
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Simon M Kang'ethe --- Skill Share International,HIV/AIDS has been found to be a challenging disease to humanity, its challenge spin-offs falling especially on to the caregivers of those infected and affected by the virus. This paper aims to discuss the challenges influencing the state of caregiving... -
Military men and sexual practices: Discourses of ‘othering’ in safer sex in the light of HIV/AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nyameka Mankayi --- School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaDespite recent reports that there is increasing condom use, generally resistance to condom use is still high. This paper focuses on factors inhibiting condom use and explores issues of responsibility for safe sex practices to prevent infection among a group... -
Ethical and practical challenges in implementing informed consent in HIV/AIDS clinical trials in developing or resource-limited countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kyriaki Mystakidou --- Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, University of Athens, Irene Panagiotou --- Athens Medical School, Stelios Katsaragakis --- Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Department of Radiology, Areteion Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Eleni Tsilika --- Department of Radiology, University of Athens at Areteion Hospital in the Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit, Efi Parpa --- Department of Radiology, University of Athens at Areteion Hospital in the Pain Relief and Palliative Care Unit,Background/rationale: Ethical issues regarding HIV/AIDS human research in the developing world remain under continuous evaluation; a critical area of concern includes informed consent. This paper reviews several of the most important ethical and practical aspects of informed consent in HIV... -
Considering childbearing in the age of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART): Views of HIV-positive couples
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Vezumuzi Ndlovu [CXX0001]Objectives: Based on a qualitative study conducted in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, this article examines how the availability of HAART since April 2004 may impact the views and choices of HIV-positive couples on childbearing. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 couples... -
Measuring HIV stigma for PLHAs and nurses over time in five African countries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: William L Holzemer --- School of Nursing, University of California, Lucy N Makoae --- Faculty of Health Sciences in the Department of Nursing, National University of Lesotho, Minrie Greeff --- Africa Unit for Trans-disciplinary Health Research of the Faculty of Health Science, North-West University, Priscilla S Dlamini --- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Swaziland, Thecla W Kohi --- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Maureen L Chirwa --- University of Malawi, Joanne R Naidoo --- School of Nursing, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Kevin Durrheim --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Yvette Cuca --- School of Nursing, University of California, Leana R Uys --- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal,The aim of this article is to document the levels of HIV stigma reported by persons living with HIV infections and nurses in Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa, Swaziland and Tanzania over a 1-year period. HIV stigma has been shown to... -
Traditional healers as caregivers to HIV/AIDS clients and other terminally challenged persons in Kanye community home-based care programme (CHBC), Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: S. M. Kang'ethe --- Centre for Continuous Education (CCE), University of Botswana,The research study done at the Kanye village of Botswana was qualitative in design and exploratory in nature. While the broad goal aimed at assessing the contributions of caregivers in the Kanye CHBC programme, this article aims at evaluating the... -
Stigma, identity and resistance among people living with HIV in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jane Goudge --- Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Lenore Manderson --- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, and Faculty of Arts, Monash University, Australia Bulelwa Ngoma --- Centre for Health Policy, Helen Schneider --- Centre for Health Policy and Professor Extraordinarius, University of the Free State,AIDS-related stigma can cause delays in testing, poor treatment adherence, and greater numbers of new infections. Existing studies from low- and middle-income countries focus on the negative experiences of stigma, and few document resistance strategies. In this article we document... -
‘Triangulating’ AMPATH: Demonstration of a multi-perspective strategic programme evaluation method
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Thomas S Inui --- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., John E Sidle Winstone M Nyandiko Violet N Yebei Richard M Frankel David L Mossbarger David Ayuku Joyce Ballidawa Rose AyikukweiClinical programmes are typically evaluated on operational performance metrics of cost, quality and outcomes. Measures of patient satisfaction are used to assess the experience of receiving care, but other perspectives, including those of staff and communities, are not often sought... -
Barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral medication adherence among HIV-infected paediatric patients in Ethiopia: A qualitative study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Sibhatu Biadgilign --- John Hopkins University's Technical Support for the Ethiopian HIV/AIDS ART Initiative, Amare Deribew --- Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Alemayehu Amberbir --- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Kebede Deribe --- FIDA, EthiopiaMedication adherence is a complex behaviour with multiple determinants. Understanding the barriers and facilitators of adherence is invaluable for programme improvement, which assists the foundation of adherence intervention strategies. A qualitative study was conducted in six selected hospitals of Addis... -
Food security in HIV/AIDS response: Insights from Homa Bay, Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Dipankar Datta --- Concern Worldwide, India James Njuguna --- Concern Worldwide, KenyaThis paper examines the viability and effectiveness of a pilot farming initiative in reversing impacts of HIV/AIDS on the most affected households in Homa Bay, Kenya. The paper argues that once patients are stable, they can effectively be engaged in... -
Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and attitudes towards people living with HIV among the general staff of a public university in Malaysia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Yvonne Tee --- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Mary Huang --- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , MalaysiaStigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV have been widely documented, and have extended their impact into the workplace. Stigmatising attitudes towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the workplace significantly hinder HIV prevention efforts and indirectly affect national... -
Reaching the hearts and minds of illiterate women in the Amhara highland of Ethiopia: Development and pre-testing of oral HIV/AIDS prevention messages
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Gebeyehu W Bogale --- Educational Media Agency, Ethiopia Henk Boer --- University of Twente, The Netherlands Erwin R Seydel --- University of Twente, The NetherlandsIn the style of radio programmes, we developed three episodes of audio HIV prevention education for illiterate women in Ethiopia. We used social-oriented presentation formats, such as discussion between women on HIV prevention, and expert-oriented presentation formats, such as an... -
Self-reported adherence to HAART in South-Eastern Nigeria is related to patients' use of pill box
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Chinwe V Ukwe --- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Obinna I Ekwunife --- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Patrick O Udeogaranya --- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Ukamaka I Iwuamadi --- Orchad community Pharmacy,The aim of this study was to assess levels of adherence and predictors of adherence to HAART in South-Eastern Nigeria. Selfreported adherence to HAART was assessed at 4-week intervals for a period of 3 months. A 10-item questionnaire was used... -
Gender differences regarding barriers and motivators of HIV status disclosure among HIV-positive service users
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kebede Deribe --- , Ethiopia Kifle Woldemichael --- Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Bernard Joseph Njau --- Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Bereket Yakob --- NASTAD Global Programme, Ethiopia Sibhatu Biadgilign --- John Hopkins University-Technical Support for the Ethiopian HIV/AIDS ART Initiative, Alemayehu Amberbir --- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham,There are inconsistent findings about the relation between gender and HIV status disclosure. We conducted a facility-based cross-sectional study, using qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, to explore gender differences in HIV-positive status disclosure among service users in south-west Ethiopia... -
A qualitative exploration of HIV-positive pregnant women's decision-making regarding abortion in Cape Town, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Phyllis Orner --- Women's Health Research Unit in the School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Maria de Bruyn --- Ipas, USA Jane Harries --- Women's Health Research Unit in the School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Diane Cooper --- Women's Health Research Unit in the School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town,HIV-positive women's abortion decisions were explored by: (i) investigating influencing factors; (ii) determining knowledge of abortion policy and public health services; and (iii) exploring abortion experiences. In-depth interviews were held with 24 HIV-positive women (15 had an abortion; 9 did... -
‘They bring AIDS to us and say we give it to them’: Socio-structural context of female sex workers' vulnerability to HIV infection in Ibadan Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jennifer Muñoz --- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Adebola A Adedimeji --- Institute of Public Health Sciences, Yeshiva University, Olayemi Alawode [B0003]The aim of the study was to examine and describe the individual and structural-environmental factors that shape the vulnerability of brothel-based female sex workers (FSWs) in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria to HIV infection. A descriptive qualitative research design was utilised to... -
Perceived stigma among patients receiving antiretroviral treatment: A prospective randomised trial comparing an m-DOT strategy with standard-of- care in Kenya
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Susan Kaai --- Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Canada Sandra Bullock --- Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Canada Avina Sarna --- Population Council, Matthew Chersich --- Centre for Health Policy, University of the Witwatersrand, Stanley Luchters --- International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ghent University, Belgium Scott Geibel --- Population Council, Paul Munyao --- ICAP, Kenya Kishorchandra Mandaliya --- , Kenya Marleen Temmerman --- Obstetrical Department, Ghent University Hospital, Naomi Rutenberg --- Population Council,HIV and AIDS remain highly stigmatised. Modified directly observed therapy (m-DOT) supports antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence but little is known about its association with perceived stigma in resource-constrained settings. In 2003, 234 HIV-infected adults enrolled in a two-arm randomised trial... -
The quality of material care provided by grandparents for their orphaned grandchildren in the context of HIV/AIDS and poverty: a study of Kopanong municipality, Free State
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Tsiliso Tamasane --- Human and Social Development Research Programmes, Human Sciences Research Council, Judith Head --- Department of Sociology, University of Cape Town,A pervasive argument in the literature on AIDS orphans in South Africa is that grandparents, who often care for their orphaned grandchildren, lack the material means to provide adequate care. This study investigated that claim in an area of ubiquitous... -
The role of community advisory boards in health research: Divergent views in the South African experience
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Priscilla Reddy --- Health Promotion Research and Development Unit, Medical Research Council, South Africa David Buchanan --- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Sibusiso Sifunda --- Health Promotion Research and Development Unit, Medical Research Council, South Africa Shamagonam James --- Health Promotion Research and Development Unit, Medical Research Council, South Africa Nasheen Naidoo --- Health Promotion Research and Development Unit, Medical Research Council, South AfricaIn the light of the growing involvement of community advisory boards (CABs) in health research, this study presents empirical findings of the functions and operations of CABs in HIV/AIDS vaccine trials in South Africa. The individual and focus group interviews... -
Developing teacher self-efficacy via a formal HIV/AIDS intervention
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Paul Webb --- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Anita Gripper --- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University,This study investigated the effects of a HIV/AIDS module on teachers' sense of self-efficacy regarding their ability to bring about behaviours in their learners which contribute to responsible living and a reduction of the spread of HIV in their communities... -
Adoption of formal HIV and AIDS workplace policies: An analysis of industry/sector variations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Rhoda Bakuwa --- Human Resources Management, Malawi Polytechnic,Addressing HIV and AIDS is the responsibility of many stakeholders including private sector companies. However, increasing evidence reveals that the majority of companies around the world are yet to acknowledge and respond to HIV and AIDS as a workplace issue... -
Perceptions of the availability and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS awareness and intervention programmes by people with disabilities in Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Regis Chireshe --- Faculty of Education, Walter Sisulu University, South Africa Edward Ntare Rutondoki --- Department of Psychology, Kyambogo University, Uganda Paul Ojwang --- Department of Community and Disability Studies, Kyambogo University, UgandaThe study investigated perceptions of the availability and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS awareness and intervention programmes by people with disabilities in Uganda. Participants (N=95) were made up of 15 leaders of disabled people's organisations (DPOs) and 80 people with disabilities (PWDs)... -
Determinants of extramarital sex by men in Tanzania: A case study of Mbeya region
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Maurice CY Mbago --- Department of Statistics and Member of the Demographic Training Unit, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Francis J Sichona --- Department of Statistics and Member of the Demographic Training Unit, University of Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaThis paper attempts to identify some factors associated with extramarital sex by men in the Mbeya region of Tanzania using data from a survey conducted in 2003/2004. The choice of Mbeya region was prompted by the fact that it has... -
Social and economic consequences of HIV and AIDS on children: case study of a high-density community in Harare, Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joshua Kembo --- Bureau of Market Research, University of South Africa,We present results from a household-based survey that was conducted in Mabvuku, a high-density community in Zimbabwe. The objective of the study was to improve understanding of social and economic consequences of HIV and AIDS on children. Children affected by... -
Addressing HIV/AIDS challenges in Uganda: does social capital generation by NGOs matter?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Roberts Kabeba Muriisa --- Faculty of Development Studies, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda Ishtiaq Jamil --- Department of Administration and Organization Theory, University of Bergen, NorwayHIV/AIDS has had devastating impacts in many countries, Uganda in particular. However, Uganda is depicted as one of the most successful countries in fighting HIV/AIDS. Among others, Uganda's success story is attributed to the open general environment which allows open... -
Provision of psychosocial support for young people living with HIV: voices from the field
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Rena Greifinger --- One Love Project at Next Step, Bruce Dick --- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development, WHO,This review provides a synthesis of the experiences of organisations providing psychosocial support for young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) from throughout the world. Little research exists on psychosocial support for YPLHIV, with many providers uncertain about how to address... -
Factors influencing condom use among women in Ghana: an HIV/AIDS perspective
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Philip Baiden --- Department of Sociology, University of Western Ontario, Fernando Rajulton --- Department of Sociology, University of Western Ontario,Although in Ghana information on HIV infection and prevention, both in terms of quality and quantity, has increased considerably within the past few years, available literature indicates that behaviour change is yet to correspond with the amount of information and... -
HIV/AIDS prisoners: a case study on quality of life in Roumieh, Lebanon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Diala F Ammar --- Lebanese American University, Lebanon Heyam L El Zein --- Lebanese American University, Lebanon Neal El Jor --- Lebanese American University,Prisons often lack the basic health services required by HIV/AIDS patients. As with many other chronic illnesses, the treatment of HIV is expensive in terms of medication, hygiene, testing and staff training. Strategies to combat the disease have been thoroughly... -
Changing trends and the impact of alcohol on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa: Review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mashiko Setshedi --- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Suzanne M de la Monte --- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University,The association between increased HIV infection and alcohol use has been extensively studied and is established. South Africa is among one of the sub-Saharan African countries with the highest prevalence and number of people living with HIV/AIDS in the world... -
A qualitative exploration of resilience in pre-adolescent AIDS orphans living in a residential care facility
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Anja Pienaar --- Centre for Health Systems Research & Development, Zendré Swanepoel --- Psychology of Education, University of the Free State, Hendrik van Rensburg --- CHSR&D (UFS), Christo Heunis --- CHSR&D (UFS),This article presents the findings of a study among a small group of South African AIDS orphans living in a residential care facility, Lebone Land. The research was conducted between June and September 2006. A qualitative, exploratory study consisting of... -
A systematic review of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination in India: Current understanding and future needs
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Shalini Bharat --- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, IndiaHIV/AIDS-related stigma is recognised as a major barrier to HIV prevention efforts and an impediment to mitigating its impact on individuals and communities. This paper reviews the existing research literature on AIDS stigma in India with the objective of documenting... -
Appraisal of the inherent socio-demographic dynamics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in four districts of South-Western Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: E. Agwu --- Tropical Disease Research Unit, Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Republic of Uganda V. Pazos --- Tropical Disease Research Unit, Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Republic of Uganda J. C. Ihongbe --- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Nigeria J. Ssengendo --- Social Sciences Research Division, Directorate of Postgraduate Studies and Research, Kampala International University, UgandaAlthough HIV prevalence in Uganda is much lower than it once was, AIDS is still claiming many lives each year with clear signs of escalating rural epidemics. The objective of this study was to appraise the socio-economic and demographic dynamics... -
HIV/AIDS knowledge, behaviour and beliefs among South African university students
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Preshani Reddy --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Jose Frantz --- University of the Western Cape,Globally, South Africa has the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS. In the absence of cure, prevention is the only available method to reduce HIV prevalence rates. This can only be obtained through behavioural change, which is associated with a good knowledge... -
Perceptions of door-to-door HIV counselling and testing in Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Karen Kroeger --- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Allan W Taylor --- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Heather M Marlow --- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA Douglas T Fleming --- Bristol-Myers Squib Company, USA Vanessa Beyleveld --- Premiere Personnel, Botswana Mary Grace Alwano --- CTS Global Inc., Mabel Tebogo Kejelepula --- Ministry of Health, Botswana Kentsenao Busang Chilume --- Botswana National AIDS Coordination Agency, Botswana Dawn K Smith --- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Thierry Roels --- CDC's Division of Global HIV/Aids Programme, Peter Kilmarx --- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ZimbabwePrevalence of HIV infection in Botswana is among the highest in the world, at 23.9% of 15 – 49-year-olds. Most HIV testing is conducted in voluntary counselling and testing centres or medical settings. Improved access to testing is urgently needed... -
People's perceptions of HIV/AIDS as portrayed by their labels of the disease: the case of Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joyce T Mathangwane --- University of Botswana,It is typical of societies to come up with their own labels or names to any phenomenon that may befall them in the course of their life time. Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has been no exception to this... -
‘We are left in the cold’: Nurses’ perceptions and responses to antiretroviral treatment roll-out in the Free State, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Katinka de Wet [d217e18] Shirley du PlooyThe unprecedented roll-out of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South Africa is a complex process where no previous endeavour exists that can measure, predict, or direct an intervention of this scale. In the Free State province, unique characteristics and problems distinguish... -
Risk factors associated with HIV infection among young persons aged 15–24 years: Evidence from an in-depth analysis of the 2005–06 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joshua Kembo [d118e18]This study focuses on factors that predispose young persons aged 15–24 years in Zimbabwe to infection from HIV. Using the Mosley and Chen framework, multivariate modelling was used to assess the effect of demographic, socio-economic and behavioural factors on the... -
Social and cultural aspects of HIV and AIDS in West Africa: A narrative review of qualitative research
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Helle Samuelsen [d133e18] Ole Norgaard Lise Rosendal OstergaardWith the increasing focus on the role of social aspects of the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, the need for an overview of existing research dealing with such issues has become more urgent. The objective of this article is to... -
Accessibility of antiretroviral therapy in Ghana: Convenience of access
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joyce Addo-Atuah [d138e18] Dick Gourley Greta Gourley Shelley I. White-Means Robin J. Womeodu Richard J. Faris Nii Akwei AddoThe convenience of accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART) is important for initial access to care and subsequent adherence to ART. We conducted a qualitative study of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and ART healthcare providers in Ghana in 2005. The objective... -
Peripheral neuropathy and quality of life of adults living with HIV/AIDS in the Rulindo district of Rwanda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Juvenal Biraguma [d147e18] Anthea RhodaAlthough the life expectancy of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) has increased in the past years, they could experience secondary illness such as peripheral neuropathy (PN). Therefore, they need to adapt to chronic disablement which could affect their quality of... -
Predictors of parent–child communication among a nationally representative sample in Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Katrina Berg [d113e18] Christina J. Sun Stella BabalolaThis study explores what constructs are associated with parent–adolescent communication about AIDS/sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and sexual relationships in Nigeria. The analyses use data from the 2007 National HIV/AIDS and Reproductive Health Survey on 2593 men and women who had... -
The experiences of Batswana families regarding hospice care of AIDS patients in the Bophirima district, North West province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: M. F. Makhele F. M. Mulaudzi [d121e25]The HIV/AIDS pandemic put significant strain on healthcare services in the country. Hospitals were no longer coping with the escalating number of AIDS patients. This resulted in the early discharge of patients, with some patients, too ill to be nursed... -
The social construction of identity in HIV/AIDS home-based care volunteers in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Thirusha Naidu [d128e18] Yvonne Sliep Wenche DageidHome-based care volunteer (HBCV) identity and how it is shaped was the main focus of the study. Fifteen HBCVs were interviewed about their work and personal life stories and then interviewed reflectively using a narrative interviewing style. Specific attention was... -
Transgender in Africa: Invisible, inaccessible, or ignored?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Geoffrey A. Jobson [d170e19] Liesl B. Theron Julius K. Kaggwa He-Jin KimTransgender people are an important key population for HIV risk globally, and several studies have found HIV prevalence rates in transgender populations that are significantly higher than those among other key populations such as men who have sex with men... -
A decade of research involving men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa: Current knowledge and future directions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nicholas Muraguri Marleen Temmerman Scott Geibel [d199e38]It has been just over 10 years since the first large behavioral survey of men who have sex with men (MSM) was implemented in Senegal in 2001. Since then, behavioral and/or HIV prevalence surveys have been conducted in over 14... -
Taxi ‘sugar daddies’ and taxi queens: Male taxi driver attitudes regarding transactional relationships in the Western Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Cheryl Potgieter [d53e18] Anna Strebel Tamara Shefer Claire WagnerMedia reports are emerging on the phenomenon of young girls who travel with older mini-bus taxi drivers, and who are thought to have sex with the drivers in exchange for gifts and money. The extent to which such relationships might... -
Sanctuary or double-edged sword? Challenges confronting adolescents living at Nkosi's Haven in Johannesburg, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nkosiyazi Dube Eleanor Ross [d59e26]Living in an institution associated with HIV and AIDS is likely to exacerbate difficulties experienced by teenagers who have to cope with the normal stresses of adolescence. The aim of the study was to explore the challenges that adolescents living... -
Kwazulu-Natal minibus taxi drivers' perceptions on HIV and AIDS: Transmission, prevention, support and effects on the industry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Gugu Mchunu [d44e18] Busisiwe Ncama Joanne Rachel Naidoo Sisana Majeke Thandazile Myeza Thandiwe Ndebele Padmini PillayIn South Africa, the minibus taxi drivers are largely becoming another high-risk category in the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Although previous studies have shown that knowledge of HIV and AIDS is relatively high among the taxi drivers it is still... -
Efficacy of a lay health worker led group antiretroviral medication adherence training among non-adherent HIV-positive patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Results from a randomized trial
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Karl Peltzer [d77e18] Shandir Ramlagan Deborah Jones Stephen M. Weiss Henry Fomundam Lucia ChanetsaThere is a lack of theory-based randomized controlled trials to examine the effect of antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa. We assessed the effectiveness of a lay health worker lead structured group intervention to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in... -
Adolescent religiosity and attitudes to HIV and AIDS in Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kofi Nyame Amoako-Agyeman [d41e19]This study investigated the relationships between adolescent religiosity and attitudes to HIV/AIDS based on two major techniques of analysis, factor and regression analysis towards informing preventive school education strategies. Using cross-sectional data of 448 adolescents in junior high school, the... -
Measuring change in vulnerable adolescents: Findings from a peer education evaluation in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Sharlene Swartz [d63e18] Charles Deutsch Mokhantšo Makoae Barbara Michel James Hamilton Harding Gabrielle Garzouzie Amanda Rozani Toby Runciman Ingrid Van der HeijdenIntroduction: In the context of poverty and HIV and AIDS, peer education is thought to be capable of providing vulnerable youth with psychosocial support as well as information and decision-making skills otherwise limited by scarce social and material resources. As... -
Researching to make a difference: Possibilities for social science research in the age of AIDS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Naydene de Lange [d99e14]HIV and AIDS is recognized as one of the most devastating pandemics of sub-Saharan Africa, and South Africa in particular, with adverse effect on individuals, families, schools, communities and society at large. Research is therefore required to provide a deeper... -
‘Checkmating HIV&AIDS’: Using chess to break the silence in the classroom
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Omar Esau [d110e14]In this article, I give an account of my ‘Checkmating HIV&AIDS’ action research project, which was an attempt to break the ‘culture of silence’ concerning HIV&AIDS and sex and sexuality in my classroom. In this project, I focused specifically on... -
Equipping educators to address HIV and AIDS: A review of selected teacher education initiatives
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: W. L. (Bill) Holderness [d91e15]Teacher educators, school principals and teachers are potentially well positioned to play a pivotal role in changing the course of the HIV and AIDS epidemic. The purpose of this article is to focus on a spectrum of educational initiatives in... -
Using HIV&AIDS statistics in pre-service Mathematics Education to integrate HIV&AIDS education
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Linda van Laren [d85e14]In South Africa, the HIV&AIDS education policy documents indicate opportunities for integration across disciplines/subjects. There are different interpretations of integration/inclusion and mainstreaming HIV&AIDS education, and numerous levels of integration. Integration ensures that learners experience the disciplines/subjects as being linked and... -
‘Every teacher is a researcher!’: Creating indigenous epistemologies and practices for HIV prevention through values-based action research
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Lesley Wood [d88e14]Since gender is an undisputed driver of HIV infection, teachers concerned with HIV prevention education should ideally encourage critical awareness of and culturally sensitive practices around gender inequalities. Many interventions and programmes have been developed for teachers to enable them... -
Experience of stigma and discrimination and the implications for healthcare seeking behavior among people living with HIV/AIDS in resource-limited setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Taddese Alemu Sibhatu Biadgilign [d367e28] Kebede Deribe Horacio Ruiseñor EscuderoBackground: Stigma and discrimination can limit access to care and treatment services. Stigma hides HIV from the public, resulting in reduced pressure for behavioral change. For effective behavior change, empirically grounded and theory-based behavioral change approaches are fundamental as a... -
Perception of HIV/AIDS among the Igbo of Anambra State, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Caroline Okumdi Muoghalu [d353e19] Samuel Ayodele JegedePerception is fundamental in the fight against stigmatization of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). Perception generally influences discriminatory attitudes towards PLHIV which exacerbates their problems and quickens the degeneration of the disease from HIV to AIDS. This study examined the... -
Experiences of sexual relationships of young black women in an atmosphere of coercion
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Frances Clüver [d373e18] Diane Elkonin Charles YoungNegotiations surrounding sexual activity are characterised by multiple power disparities that include race, social status and age, with gender being the most dominant differential in heterosexual interactions. Research has shown that women are physiologically more at risk of contracting HIV... -
The treatment action campaign and the three dimensions of lawyering: Reflections from the rainbow nation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Hassan Ahmad [d364e18]The spread and perpetuation of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa has hindered the country's social and economic growth after apartheid. This paper documents my experiences while working with the Projects Abroad Human Rights Office and specifically my interactions with... -
Comparison of the health-related quality of life, CD4 count and viral load of AIDS patients and people with HIV who have been on treatment for 12 months in rural South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jude Igumbor [d348e18] Aimee Stewart William HolzemerThis study compared the level of CD4 count, viral load and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) between treatment-naïve AIDS patients and a cohort of people living with HIV who have been on treatment for 12 months. This study is based... -
Understanding culture and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Steven Sovran [d378e18]Early in the study of HIV/AIDS, culture was invoked to explain differences in the disease patterns between sub-Saharan Africa and Western countries. Unfortunately, in an attempt to explain the statistics, many of the presumed risk factors were impugned in the... -
Consensus on context-specific strategies for reducing the stigma of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Zambézia Province, Mozambique
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Abraham Mukolo --- , , USA Isabel Torres --- , Mozambique Ruth M. Bechtel --- , Mozambique Mohsin Sidat --- , , Mozambique Alfredo E. Vergara --- , USAStigma has been implicated in poor outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) care. Reducing stigma is important for HIV prevention and long-term treatment success. Although stigma reduction interventions are conducted in Mozambique, little is known about the... -
The physical activity levels among people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome receiving high active antiretroviral therapy in Rwanda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: J.M. Frantz --- , South Africa A. Murenzi --- , South AfricaThe accessibility of high active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for local human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients is improving in Rwanda. It is well known that this therapy is associated with serious adverse effects, such as metabolic and morphologic changes. One of... -
Changes in sexual behaviour and practice and HIV prevalence indicators among young people aged 15–24 years in Zambia: An in-depth analysis of the 2001–2002 and 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Surveys
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Joshua Kembo --- , South AfricaHIV and AIDS still pose a major public health problem to most countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Zambia included. The objective of the paper is to determine changes in selected sexual behaviour and practice and HIV prevalence indicators between 2001–2002 and... -
The role of culture in effective HIV/AIDS communication by theatre in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Chijioke Uwah --- , , South AfricaThe need to effectively communicate HIV/AIDS messages in South Africa, given the high prevalence of the pandemic, cannot be overemphasised. Communication scholars have long emphasised the need to recognise adherence to cultural norms of target communities as catalyst for effective... -
The duty to disclose in Kenyan health facilities: a qualitative investigation of HIV disclosure in everyday practice
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Eileen Moyer [d338e14] Emmy Kageha Igonya Rosalijn Both Peter Cherutich Anita HardonDisclosure of HIV status is routinely promoted as a public health measure to prevent transmission and enhance treatment adherence support. While studies show a range of positive and negative outcomes associated with disclosure, it has also been documented that disclosing... -
Parenting experiences of couples living with human immunodeficiency virus: A qualitative study from rural Southern Malawi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Belinda Chimphamba Gombachika --- , , Norway Johanne Sundby --- , , Norway Ellen Chirwa --- , , Malawi Address Malata --- , , MalawiThe advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has allowed couples living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to live longer and healthier lives. The reduction in the mother-to-child transmission of HIV has encouraged some people living with HIV (PLWH) to have children... -
Is HIV/AIDS a consequence or divine judgment? Implications for faith-based social services. A Nigerian faith-based university's study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Israel B. Olaore --- , , Nigeria Augusta Y. Olaore --- , , NigeriaA contemporary reading of Romans 1:27 was disguised as a saying by Paul Benjamin, AD 58 and administered to 275 randomly selected members of a private Christian university community in south western Nigeria in West Africa. Participants were asked to... -
TB/HIV risk factors identified from a General Household Survey of South Africa in 2006
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Sathiya Susuman Appunni --- , , South Africa Renette Blignaut --- , , South Africa Siaka Lougue --- , , South AfricaThe level of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis (TB) as well as the co-infection TB/HIV in South Africa is among the highest in the world. TB is curable while HIV is not, yet the combination of both is a growing... -
Prevalence and mitigation strategies of HIV/AIDS infection risks in Namibian tertiary education institutional hostels
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Roderick F. Zimba --- , Namibia Gilbert N. Likando --- , NamibiaThe purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors that could promote HIV infection amongst adolescents and young adults living in tertiary educational institutional hostels in Namibia. Employing structured questionnaires and focus group discussions, we sought to answer questions... -
Understanding of the risk of HIV infection among the elderly in Ga-Rankuwa, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Eucebious Lekalakala-Mokgele --- , , South AfricaThe literature pertaining to the elderly shows that HIV infection among this population is on the increase, suggesting that the elderly population engages in activities risky for HIV infection. Reports on such behaviour include frequent sexual relations with much younger... -
My secret: The social meaning of HIV/AIDS stigma
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: N. Judgeo --- , South Africa K.P. Moalusi --- , South AfricaThis study uses Goffman's [1963. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall] theory of stigma as an intellectual scaffold to help understand the social meaning of HIV/AIDS stigma from People Living with HIV/AIDS. The study adopts... -
HIV in (and out of) the clinic: Biomedicine, traditional medicine and spiritual healing in Harare
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Stephen O'Brien --- , , Australia Alex Broom --- , , AustraliaContemporary lived experiences of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are shaped by clinical and cultural encounters with illness. In sub-Saharan countries such as Zimbabwe, HIV is treated in very different ways in various therapeutic contexts including by biomedical experts, traditional... -
High-risk behaviors among adult men and women in Botswana: Implications for HIV/AIDS prevention efforts
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mpho Keetile --- , , BotswanaThe government of Botswana has been spending a lot of money in the prevention, treatment, care and support for HIV/AIDS patient for decades. This paper uses data from the third Botswana AIDS Impact Survey (BAIS III) to explore high-risk behaviors... -
The constraints of antiretroviral uptake in rural areas: the case of Thamaga and surrounding villages, Botswana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Matlhogonolo Bene --- , , Botswana Michael B.K. Darkoh --- , , BotswanaThis article examines the constraints of antiretroviral (ARV) uptake in the villages of Thamaga, Kumakwane, Mankgodi and Gakgatla which are in the Kweneng District of Botswana. The social interactionist approach and theories of health behaviour provided the theoretical basis of... -
Interplay between economic empowerment and sexual behaviour and practices of migrant workers within the context of HIV and AIDS in the Lesotho textile industry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Pius Tangwe Tanga --- , , South Africa Magdaline Nji Tangwe --- , , South AfricaEconomic empowerment brings with it a wide range of consequences, both positive and negative. The objective of this paper was to examine the relationship between economic empowerment and the sexual behaviour and practices of migrant workers within the context of... -
Factors that influence utilisation of HIV/AIDS prevention methods among university students residing at a selected university campus
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Eléazar Ndabarora --- , , South Africa Gugu Mchunu --- , , South AfricaVarious studies have reported that university students, who are mostly young people, rarely use existing HIV/AIDS preventive methods. Although studies have shown that young university students have a high degree of knowledge about HIV/AIDS and HIV modes of transmission, they... -
Trends in HIV risk behaviour of incoming first-year students at a South African university: 2007–2012
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Rénette J. Blignaut --- , , South Africa Joachim Jacobs --- , South Africa Tania Vergnani --- , South AfricaThe aim of the research on which this article is based was to understand the behavioural changes of the target student population over time to ensure that future prevention programmes are more effective in changing behaviour. This study reports on... -
Talk radio as the soundtrack of our lives: Participatory HIV/AIDS communication, public self-expression and Positive Talk
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Mariekie Burger --- , , South AfricaDespite the many HIV/AIDS communication initiatives, combined with support and infrastructural support in South Africa, risky behaviour associated with the spread of the epidemic is increasing amongst many groups. This calls for a re-evaluation of endeavours aimed at curbing the... -
The convergence of HIV/AIDS and customary tenure on women's access to land in rural Malawi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Naomi Tschirhart --- , , Canada Lucky Kabanga --- , , Malawi Sue Nichols --- , , CanadaThis paper examines the convergence of HIV/AIDS and the social processes through which women access customary land in rural Malawi. Data were collected from focus group discussions with women in patrilineal and matrilineal communities. Women's land tenure is primarily determined... -
A case study of school support and the psychological, emotional and behavioural consequences of HIV and AIDS on adolescents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Olubusayo Aduke Asikhia --- , , South Africa Kesh Mohangi --- , , South AfricaVarious studies have reported a huge increase in the numbers of orphaned adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa and its effects on their psychological, emotional and behavioural development. Yet, their needs are seldom recognised or adequately addressed in policy and programmes.This article... -
Weak signal detection: A discrete window of opportunity for achieving ‘Vision 90:90:90’?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Christopher J. Burman --- , , South Africa Marota Aphane --- , , South Africa Peter Delobelle --- , , South AfricaIntroduction: UNAIDS’ Vision 90:90:90 is a call to ‘end AIDS’. Developing predictive foresight of the unpredictable changes that this journey will entail could contribute to the ambition of ‘ending AIDS’. There are few opportunities for managing unpredictable changes. We introduce... -
Zimbabwe's national AIDS levy: A case study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nisha Bhat --- , Peter H. Kilmarx --- , Freeman Dube --- , Albert Manenji --- , Medelina Dube --- , Tapuwa Magure --- ,Background: We conducted a case study of the Zimbabwe National AIDS Trust Fund (‘AIDS Levy’) as an approach to domestic government financing of the response to HIV and AIDS. -
Social support seeking and self-efficacy-building strategies in enhancing the emotional well-being of informal HIV/AIDS caregivers in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Bernedette Okwuchukwu Okeke --- , NigeriaThis study examined the relative efficacy of social support seeking (SSS) and self-efficacy building (SEB) in the management of emotional well-being of caregivers of people suffering from HIV/AIDS. It was based at the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS... -
‘The mercurial piece of the puzzle’: Understanding stigma and HIV/AIDS in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Leah Gilbert --- , , South AfricaAlthough stigma and its relationship to health and disease is not a new phenomenon, it has not been a major feature in the public discourse until the emergence of HIV. The range of negative responses associated with the epidemic placed... -
‘Public enemy no. 1’: Tobacco industry funding for the AIDS response
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Julia Smith --- , , Canada Sheryl Thompson --- , , Canada Kelley Lee --- , , CanadaThis article analyzes the history of tobacco industry funding for the AIDS response – a largely ignored aspect of private donor involvement. Primary documents from the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library and AIDS organizations are analyzed, alongside existing literature on the... -
Difficulties facing healthcare workers in the era of AIDS treatment in Lesotho
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Masebeo Veronica Koto --- , South Africa Pranitha Maharaj --- , South AfricaSub-Saharan Africa is most affected by the AIDS pandemic and Lesotho is no exception. In many countries, healthcare workers are at the forefront of the fight against AIDS. This study explores the difficulties facing healthcare workers in Lesotho using a... -
Exploring gender perceptions of risk of HIV infection and related behaviour among elderly men and women of Ga-Rankuwa, Gauteng Province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Eucebious Lekalakala-Mokgele --- , , South AfricaThe literature shows that there are important differences between women and men in the underlying mechanisms of transmission of HIV infection and AIDS, as well as in the social and economic consequences of HIV/AIDS. These stem from sexual behaviour and... -
Qualitative evaluation of selected social factors that impact sexual risk-taking behaviour among African students in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Ndumiso Daluxolo Ngidi --- , , South Africa Sibusiso Moyo --- , South Africa Thobile Zulu --- , , South Africa Jamila Khatoon Adam --- , South Africa Suresh Babu Naidu Krishna --- , South AfricaBackground: The incidence of HIV and AIDS continues to be a source of great concern within universities in South Africa. Furthermore, university students constitute an important community in the intervention against the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Students in the age group of... -
Towards an integrated approach to health and medicine in Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Kezia Batisai --- , , South AfricaThis article frames the intersections of medicine and humanities as intrinsic to understanding the practice of health care in Africa. Central to this manuscript, which draws on empirical findings on the interplay between HIV and AIDS and alternative medicine in... -
When the clinic becomes a home. Successful VCT and ART services in a stressful environment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Jonathan Mensah Dapaah --- , , Ghana Rachel Spronk --- , , The NetherlandsWith the upscaling of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-poor countries, many HIV-positive persons in Ghana have been accessing treatment in hospitals. Prevalence is relatively low compared to other African countries, 1.30%. HIV/AIDS remains heavily stigmatised in Ghana, which influences the... -
A mobile school-based HCT service – is it youth friendly?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Estelle Lawrence --- , , South Africa Patricia Struthers --- , , South Africa Geert Van Hove --- , , BelgiumBackground: Despite an increase in HIV Counselling and Testing (HCT), few young people have been tested. It has been suggested that they do not test because formal health services (where HCT is provided) are often not youth friendly. The World... -
HIV status disclosure rate and reasons for non-disclosure among infected children and adolescents in Enugu, southeast Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: A.C. Ubesie --- , , Nigeria K.K. Iloh --- , , Nigeria I.J. Emodi --- , , Nigeria N.S. Ibeziako --- , , Nigeria I.N. Obumneme-Anyim --- , , Nigeria O.N. Iloh --- , , Nigeria A.C. Ayuk --- , , Nigeria C.J. Anikene --- , , Nigeria J.E. Enemuo --- , , NigeriaAims: To determine the rate of HIV status disclosure, caregivers’ reasons for non-disclosure, and factors influencing disclosure among a sample of HIV-infected children in Enugu, southeast Nigeria. Methods: Data were collected prospectively via a questionnaire on HIV-infected children and their... -
Third-world realities in a first-world setting: A study of the HIV/AIDS-related conditions and risk behaviors of sex trade workers in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Yelena Bird --- at the , Canada Mark Lemstra --- at the , Canada Marla Rogers --- at the , Canada John Moraros --- at the , CanadaThe transmission and prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among those employed as sex trade workers (STW) is a major public health concern. The present study describes the self-reported responses of 340 STW, at-risk for contracting HIV. The participants were... -
Gendered differences in AIDS and AIDS-related cause of death among youth with secondary education in South Africa, 2009–2011
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nicole De Wet --- , , South AfricaBackground: The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is higher among females than males in Sub-Saharan Africa. Education is associated with better health outcomes. For this and other reasons, African countries have made a concerted effort... -
Monitoring and evaluation of sport-based HIV/AIDS awareness programmes: Strengthening outcome indicators
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Elma Nelisiwe Maleka --- , South AfricaThere are number of Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) in South Africa that use sport as a tool to respond to Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), however, little is reported about the outcomes and impact of these programmes. The aim of... -
Life skills as a behaviour change strategy in the prevention of HIV and AIDS: Perceptions of students in an open and distance learning institution
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: B.J. Mohapi --- , , South Africa E.M. Pitsoane --- , , South AfricaThe prevention of HIV and AIDS, especially amongst young people, is very important, as they are the future leaders. South Africa carries a high burden of the HIV and AIDS disease, and efforts at the prevention of the disease need... -
The Achilles’ heel of prevention to mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Protocol implementation, uptake, and sustainability
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Violeta J. Rodriguez --- , , USA Richard P. LaCabe --- , , USA C. Kyle Privette --- , , USA K. Marie Douglass --- , USA Karl Peltzer --- , South Africa Gladys Matseke --- , South Africa Audrey Mathebula --- , South Africa Shandir Ramlagan --- , South Africa Sibusiso Sifunda --- , South Africa Guillermo “Willy” Prado --- , USA Viviana Horigian --- , , USA Stephen M. Weiss --- , , USA Deborah L. Jones --- , , USAThe Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS proposed to reduce the vertical transmission of HIV from ∼72,200 to ∼8300 newly infected children by 2015 in South Africa (SA). However, cultural, infrastructural, and socio-economic barriers hinder the implementation of... -
Contemporary HIV/AIDS research: Insights from knowledge management theory
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Chris William Callaghan --- , , South AfricaKnowledge management as a field is concerned with the management of knowledge, including the management of knowledge in research processes. Knowledge management theory has the potential to support research into problems such as HIV, antibiotic resistance and others, particularly in... -
Invisible work: Child work in households with a person living with HIV/AIDS in Central Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Julie Abimanyi-Ochom --- , , Australia Brett Inder --- , , Australia Bruce Hollingsworth --- , , UK Paula Lorgelly --- , , AustraliaBackground: HIV/AIDS has led to increased mortality and morbidity, negatively impacting adult labour especially in HIV/AIDS burdened Sub-Saharan Africa. There has been some exploration of the effects of HIV/AIDS on paid child labour, but little empirical work on children’s non-paid... -
A workplace intervention program and the increase in HIV knowledge, perceived accessibility and use of condoms among young factory workers in Thailand
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Aphichat Chamratrithirong --- , Thailand Kathleen Ford --- , USA Sureeporn Punpuing --- , Thailand Pramote Prasartkul --- , ThailandVulnerability to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection among factory workers is a global problem. This study investigated the effectiveness of an intervention to increase AIDS knowledge, perceived accessibility to condoms and condom use among young factory workers in Thailand. The... -
Nonlinear evolution equations via resolvent operators on Hadamard manifolds
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Quaestiones Mathematicae • Authors: Vo Minh Tam --- Dong Thap University, VietnamThe purpose of this work is to study new systems given by evolution equations via resolvent operators for solving Yosida inclusion problems, equilibrium problems and fixed point problems on Hadamard manifolds. Then we show that the systems have a unique...
