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Behaviour of sesquioxic clay soils subjected to alkaline and saline effluents
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J.G. Thompson --- ,The effects of disposal of alkaline and saline effluents on sesquioxic red clay soils have been monitored for many years on a site in the eastern Transvaal. Recently a high chloride content effluent with a sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of... -
Movement of ammonia plus ammonium from nitrogen fertilizers band placed in alkaline soils
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: C.C. du Preez --- Department of Soil Science, Republic of South Africa R. du T. Burger --- Department of Soil Science, Republic of South AfricaMovement of NH3 plus NH4 + from nitrogen fertilizers, band placed either as crystals or as granules in alkaline soils, was determined. The pH values of these soils, whereof the clay contents ranged from 7,6 to 49,9%, were adjusted to... -
Voorspelling van nitraatbeweging in 'n fynsandleemgrond gedurende die braakperiode met die Burnsmodel
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: E.J. Haumann --- Departement van Grondkunde, Republiek van Suid-Afrika C.C. du Preez --- Departement van Grondkunde, Republiek van Suid-Afrika'n Eenvoudige model wat deur Burns (1974) ontwikkel is vir die voorspelling van nitraatbeweging in sandtot sandleemgronde is getoets. Verskillende nitraatverspreidingspatrone is in 'n fynsandleemgrond van 1,5-m diepte tot stand gebring waarna water met mikrobesproeiing toegedien is om nitraatbeweging te... -
Movement patterns of red steenbras Petrus rupestris tagged and released in the Tsitsikamma National Park, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: S. L. BrouwerMovement patterns of red steenbras Petrus rupestris were obtained from fish tagged and released in the Tsitsikamma National Park, South Africa. Of 217 fish tagged, 38 were recaptured. Juveniles (<700 mm FL) were resident, whereas adults (>700 mm FL) migrated... -
The role of the Tsitsikamma National Park in the management of four shore-angling fish along the south-eastern Cape coast of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: P. D. Cowley S. L. Brouwer R. L. TilneyThe role of the Tsitsikamma National Park (TNP) in the management of four important shore-angling fish (Diplodus sargus capensis, Diplodus cervinus hottentotus, Pachymetopon grande and Dichistius capensis) was evaluated using data obtained from two independent studies conducted over a similar... -
The influence of various types and frequencies of rest on the production and condition of sourveld grazed by sheep or cattle. 1. Proportional species composition
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: KP KirkmanData collected between 1992/93 and 1996/97 from a long-term grazing trial were used to investigate the interaction between grazing animals and veld grass. Comparisons were made, firstly between the impacts of sheep and cattle grazing, and secondly between various types... -
The influence of various types and frequencies of rest on the production and condition of sourveld grazed by sheep or cattle. 2. Vigour
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: KP KirkmanTreatments involving a full growing season rest in alternate years, half a growing season rest (late season) in alternate years and no rest were applied to veld grazed by sheep or cattle at similar stocking rates. Residual effects of the... -
Why communal pastoralists do what they do in the Richtersveld National Park
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: HH Hendricks JJ Midgley WJ Bond PA NovellieA better understanding of the socio-economic profile of pastoralists, their farming objectives and the motives underlying herd management practices in the Richtersveld were explored. Livestock were not the only source of income for pastoral households. Livestock farming was a post-retirement... -
Evaluation of acoustic transmitter implantation and determination of post-translocation behaviour of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in a South African impoundment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: CF Huchzermeyer --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science (DIFS), South Africa OLF Weyl --- , South Africa PD Cowley --- , South AfricaLargemouth bass Micropterus salmoides are an important angling species that are often displaced during catch-and-release fishing tournaments. The impact of acoustic transmitter implantation on this species and the effect of displacement distance on their behaviour were tested. In April 2010,... -
Adult Movement and Larval Dispersal of Argyrozona Argyrozona (Pisces: Sparidae) from a Temperate Marine Protected Area
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: S. L. Brouwer M. H. Griffiths M. J. RobertsAdult emigration and larval dispersal of carpenter Argyrozona argyrozona from the Tsitsikamma National Park (TNP), South Africa, were investigated using mark-recapture data and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler measurements of currents. Tagging data showed that adult carpenter were mainly resident, with... -
Exchange of the Wandering Albatross Diomedea Exulans Between the Prince Edward and Crozet Islands: Implications for Conservation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: J. Cooper H. WeimerskirchExchange of 61 wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans has been recorded between the French Crozet Islands and the South African Prince Edward Islands, 1 068 km apart in the Southern Ocean. Most movements of banded birds (57) have been westwards, from... -
Patterns of movements of the African penguin in South Africa and Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: PA Whittington RM Randall BM Randall AC Wolfaardt RJM Crawford NTW Klages PA Bartlett YJ Chesselet R JonesThe direction, distance and seasonal patterns of movements of African penguins Speniscus demersus between breeding colonies were investigated for birds that had been flipper-banded between 1970 and 1998. These were comprised of 3 986 penguins banded as chicks at nests,... -
A telemetry experiment on spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii in an African estuary
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: SE Kerwath A Götz PD Cowley WHH Sauer C AttwoodThe feasibility of using telemetry equipment to study the movements of estuarine-associated fish in South Africa was investigated by conducting a tracking experiment on spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii in the East Kleinemonde Estuary. The telemetry equipment comprised two VEMCO V8... -
The potential for using acoustic tracking to monitor the movement of the West Coast rock lobster Jasus lalandii
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: LJ Atkinson S Mayfield AC CockcroftAlthough acoustic tracking has been used to study the movement of several species of clawed and spiny lobsters, only recent technological advances have provided sufficiently small transmitters to examine the utility of using acoustic tracking as a means to analyse... -
Do dart tags suppress growth of dusky kob Argyrosomus japonicus?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: MH Griffiths CG AttwoodGrowth rates of dusky kob Argyrosomus japonicus calculated from mark-recapture and otolith-reading methods were compared. Mark-recapture data showed that A. japonicus are resident in an area between the Breede River Estuary and Cape Agulhas on the south-east coast of South... -
Natal site fidelity by breeding female southern elephant seals in relation to their history of participation in the winter haulout
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: GJG Hofmeyr --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, South Africa SP Kirkman --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, South Africa PA Pistorius --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, South Africa MN Bester --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, South AfricaOf the four types of terrestrial haulout periods undertaken by southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina, only the purpose of the winter haulout is unknown. Returning to a haulout site from distant pelagic foraging grounds bears significant costs in terms of... -
Sea level changes at Ascension Island in the last half century
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: PL Woodworth --- National Oceanography Centre, UK PR Foden --- National Oceanography Centre, UK DS Jones --- National Oceanography Centre, UK J Pugh --- National Oceanography Centre, UK SJ Holgate --- National Oceanography Centre, UK A Hibbert --- National Oceanography Centre, UK DL Blackman --- National Oceanography Centre, UK CR Bellingham --- National Oceanography Centre, UK VM Roussenov --- School of Environmental Sciences, UK RG Williams --- School of Environmental Sciences, UKAn exercise in ‘data archaeology’ at Ascension Island has provided an estimate of sea level change between 1955 and 2001.5 (the mid-point of a recent dataset spanning 1993–2009). That average trend of 0.93 mm y−1 (SE 0.69) compares to a... -
A review of the Oceanographic Research Institute's Cooperative Fish Tagging Project: 27 years down the line
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: SW Dunlop --- , South Africa BQ Mann --- , South Africa RP van der Elst --- , South AfricaThe Oceanographic Research Institute's (ORI) Cooperative Fish Tagging Project was initiated in 1984 and is one of the most enduring and successful environmental projects of its kind in South Africa. By the end of 2011, 5 130 anglers had joined... -
Movements of, and habitat utilisation by, threespot tilapia Oreochromis andersonii (Teleostei: Cichlidae) in the Upper Zambezi River, Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Finn Økland ClintonJ Hay TorF Næsje Ben Chanda EvaB ThorstadMovements of and habitat utilisation by radio-tagged threespot tilapia (body length 25–50cm) were studied in the Upper Zambezi River between 23 November 2000 and 8 May 2001. Although utilising a relatively large stretch of river (average 5.4km) during the study... -
First tracking of white stumpnose Rhabdosargus globiceps (Sparidae) in a South African marine protected area
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: CG Attwood PD Cowley SE Kerwath TF Naesje F Økland EB ThorstadThere is a growing recreational fishery for white stumpnose Rhabdosargus globiceps (Sparidae) in Langebaan Lagoon, part of South Africa's West Coast National Park. The upper reaches of the lagoon are protected from fishing, but the extent to which the closure... -
Area utilisation and activity patterns of roman Chrysoblephus laticeps (Sparidae) in a small marine protected area
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: SE Kerwath A Götz CG Attwood WHH Sauer CG WilkeInformation on the movement of fish is vital to determine the effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs) for fish conservation and fisheries management. This study investigates area utilisation and activity patterns of 13 adult roman Chrysoblephus laticeps (Sparidae) using telemetry... -
Estuarine use by spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii in a South African estuary, as determined by acoustic telemetry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: A-R Childs PD Cowley TF Næsje AJ Booth WM Potts EB Thorstad F ØklandFactors influencing estuarine use and marine excursions by spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii in the Great Fish Estuary, South Africa, were studied using manual and automated telemetry methods. In all, 20 individuals, ranging from 362 mm to 698 mm total length... -
Estuarine habitat use by juvenile dusky kob Argyrosomus japonicus (Sciaenidae), with implications for management
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: PD Cowley SE Kerwath A-R Childs EB Thorstad F Økland TF NæsjeThe spatial and temporal area-use patterns of estuarine-dependent juvenile dusky kob Argyrosomus japonicus in the Great Fish Estuary, South Africa, were examined using acoustic telemetry. In all, 29 individuals (307–400 mm total length) were surgically equipped with individually coded transmitters... -
Intra-archipelago moult dispersion of southern elephant seals at the Prince Edward Islands, southern Indian Ocean
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: WC Oosthuizen --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa MN Bester --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa PJN de Bruyn --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa GJG Hofmeyr --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South AfricaDuring three summer surveys at Prince Edward Island (PEI), southern Indian Ocean (2001, 2004 and 2008), 416 southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina were inspected for identification tags. In all, 42 seals that had been tagged as weaned pups at their... -
Joint Distributions for Movements of Elements in Sattolo's and the Fisher-Yates Algorithm
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Quaestiones Mathematicae • Authors: Guy Louchard Helmut Prodinger Stephan WagnerSattolo's algorithm creates a random cyclic permutation by interchanging pairs of elements in an appropriate manner; the Fisher-Yates algorithm produces random (not necessarily cyclic) permutations in a very similar way. The distributions of the movements of the elements in these... -
Responding to the crisis: food co-operatives and the solidarity economy in Greece
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Theodoros Rakopoulos --- The Human Economy Project, Faculty of Humanities, South AfricaThis article discusses a case of popular social response to imposed austerity and recession in Greece. It focuses on the antimiddleman movement in an Athens suburb. It also addresses the broader picture of the current Greek crisis, explaining how participants... -
Institutions and social change: a case study of the South African National AIDS Council
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Theodore Powers --- The Human Economy Project, Faculty of Humanities, South AfricaInstitutions play an important role in the success or failure of social models, as they promote or limit particular political and economic activities. Central to this point is the understanding that institutions and traditions are in a constant state of... -
Effects of an exercise programme with people living with HIV: research in a disadvantaged setting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Clemens Ley --- Universität Wien, Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Austria Lloyd Leach --- University of the Western Cape, Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, South Africa María Rato Barrio --- Palacky University Olomouc, Department of Development Studies, Czech Republic Susan Bassett --- University of the Western Cape, Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, South AfricaThis study aimed to analyse the physical health effects of a community based 10-week physical activity programme with people living with HIV. It was developed, implemented and evaluated in a disadvantaged community in South Africa. A pre-post research design was... -
Foraging mode of a group-living lizard, Cordylus cataphractus (Cordylidae)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: P. le --- Department of Zoology, South Africa F.N. Mouton --- Department of Zoology, South Africa H. Geertsema --- Department of Entomology & Nematology, South Africa L. Visagie --- Department of Zoology, South AfricaCordylus cataphractus is a group-living lizard endemic to the dry western regions of southern Africa. Groups of up to 30 individuals are regularly encountered and, if this species is a sit-and-wait forager like other members of its family, competition for... -
Home range and seasonal movement of elephants in the Kunene Region, northwestern Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Keith E.A. Leggett --- Namibian Elephant and Giraffe Trust, NamibiaThis paper examines the home ranges and seasonal movements of eight GPS-collared elephants (two females and six males) in the northwestern Kunene region of Namibia. Minimum convex polygon (MCP) and the fixed kernel density estimation (FKDE) methods were used to... -
Movements and home range of the gaboon adder, Bitis gabonica gabonica, in Zululand, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: I. J. Linn --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa M. R. Perrin --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa T. Bodbijl --- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaGaboon adders are active throughout the year, but are largely sedentary. In their prime habitat of forest–thicket–grassland mosaic in Zululand their normal foraging movements are short range, punctuated by long periods of inactivity. Occasional long distance movements suggest changes in... -
Foraging strategies of coexisting lacertid lizards in the arid Tankwa Karoo Basin of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: I.J. du Plessis --- Department of Botany and Zoology, South Africa P. le F.N. Mouton --- Department of Botany and Zoology, South AfricaFour lacertid lizards, Pedioplanis laticeps, P. lineo-ocellata, Meroles knoxii and Nucras tessellata, occur sympatrically on the arid plains of the Tankwa Karoo Basin in South Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of foraging strategy in... -
Residency and small-scale movement behaviour of three endemic sparid fishes in their shallow rocky subtidal nursery habitat, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Peter A. Watt-Pringle --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, South Africa Paul D. Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa Albrecht Götz --- Elwandle Node, South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), South AfricaThe residency and small-scale movements of early juveniles (<175 mm fork length) of three sparid fish species were examined in the shallow subtidal zone along a 500 m stretch of rocky coastline near Schoenmakerskop (Eastern Cape Province, South Africa). A... -
Seasonal differences in foraging dynamics, habitat use and home range size of Wahlberg’s epauletted fruit bat in an urban environment
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Dominic P. Rollinson --- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Joy C. Coleman --- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Colleen T. Downs --- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaUrbanization through the process of habitat loss and fragmentation affects ecosystems. Many species are no longer able to survive in these urban areas; however, there are some that have been able to persist and even thrive in these habitats. One... -
Dynamics of recruitment of larval and juvenile Cape stumpnose Rhabdosargus holubi (Teleostei: Sparidae) into the Swartkops and Sundays estuaries, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: Y Kisten --- DST/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, South Africa P Pattrick --- Department of Zoology, South Africa NA Strydom --- Department of Zoology, South Africa R Perissinotto --- DST/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, South AfricaRecruitment of early life stages into estuaries is an integral part of the life cycle of many marine fish species. Although estuaries are naturally environmentally dynamic, they also are subject to anthropogenic disturbances, including land use and climate change, which... -
Fluctuations in bird numbers on sewage treatment ponds in an arid environment, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: W Richard J Dean --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Suzanne J Milton --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Hugh P Forsyth --- , South Africa Dorrien R Tissiman --- , South AfricaRegular twice-monthly counts of birds associated with water at the Prince Albert sewage disposal facility recorded 69 species, of which 16 species (23.5%) were waterbirds (ducks, Red-knobbed Coot Fulica cristata and Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis) and 21 species were shorebirds... -
Seasonal changes in movement and habitat use by Southern Ground-Hornbills in the South African lowveld
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Blair A Zoghby --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Peter G Ryan --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Rob M Little --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Tim Reid --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST–NRF Centre of Excellence, South Africa Philip AR Hockey --- ,Southern Ground-Hornbills Bucorvus leadbeateri are Endangered in South Africa and there is a concerted effort to reverse their population decline. They live in groups year round, with only the alpha pair breeding, raising at most one chick per year. Each... -
Exercise in futility or dawn of Afrikaner self-determination: an exploratory ethno-historical investigation of Orania
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: FC de Beer --- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, South AfricaDue to their ethnic diversity nation states have the arduous task of accommodating various identity conscious groups within their boundaries. Nation-building programmes and strategies are employed mostly to unite the heterogeneous populations of nation states, as is currently also being... -
Another world is possible? A critical exploration of Escobar's ‘other worlds/worlds otherwise’
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Amanda Bourne --- Department of Social Anthropology,This article is primarily a literature review that attempts to present and critically discuss, as clearly and concisely as possible, Arturo Escobar's position on ‘development’ as discourse, idea, and billion-dollar industry and the role of anthropology within this, as evidenced... -
Responding to the crisis: food co-operatives and the solidarity economy in Greece
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Theodoros Rakopoulos --- The Human Economy Project, Faculty of Humanities, South AfricaThis article discusses a case of popular social response to imposed austerity and recession in Greece. It focuses on the anti-middleman movement in an Athens suburb. It also addresses the broader picture of the current Greek crisis, explaining how participants... -
Institutions and social change: a case study of the South African National AIDS Council
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Anthropology Southern Africa • Authors: Theodore Powers --- The Human Economy Project, Faculty of Humanities, South AfricaInstitutions play an important role in the success or failure of social models, as they promote or limit particular political and economic activities. Central to this point is the understanding that institutions and traditions are in a constant state of... -
Movement patterns of Lichia amia (Teleostei: Carangidae): results from a long-term cooperative tagging project in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Stuart W Dunlop --- Oceanographic Research Institute, South Africa Bruce Q Mann --- Oceanographic Research Institute, South Africa Paul D Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa Taryn S Murray --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa Jade Q Maggs --- Oceanographic Research Institute, South AfricaUnderstanding fish movement patterns and migrations is important for fisheries management as well as the identification and conservation of critical habitats. Data collected by the Oceanographic Research Institute's Cooperative Fish Tagging Project (ORI-CFTP) were used to describe the large-scale movement... -
Foraging mode of serpentiform, grass-living cordylid lizards: a case study of Cordylus anguina
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: A. du Toit --- Department of Zoology, South Africa P. le F.N. Mouton --- Department of Zoology, South Africa H. Geertsema --- Department of Entomology and Nematology, South Africa A.F. Flemming --- Department of Zoology, South AfricaForaging mode of the Cape grass lizard, Cordylus anguina, was determined by using three criteria: 1) the number of movements per minute (MPM) and the percentage of time spent moving (PTM) during periods of activity; 2) prey chemical discrimination ability;... -
Distribution and status of the desert-dwelling giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis angolensis) in northwestern Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: J.T. Fennessy [AN0001] K.E.A. Leggett --- Hoanib River Catchment Study, Namibia S. Schneider --- Hoanib River Catchment Study, NamibiaThe population density and distribution of desert dwelling giraffes was estimated in three study areas in the Hoanib River catchment, northwestern Namibia. Giraffe population densities (0.01 giraffe/km2) were equal to the lowest recorded in Africa with population numbers fluctuating over... -
Observations of terrestrial locomotion in wild Polypterus senegalus from Lake Albert, Uganda
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: TY Du --- Redpath Museum, Canada HCE Larsson --- Redpath Museum, Canada EM Standen --- Department of Biology, CanadaPolypterids, the most basal actinopterygians, are a group of fish long-considered living fossils and holding a key position for understanding fish and tetrapod evolution. Knowledge of the natural history of Polypterus is limited, their having been studied in little detail... -
Habitat use and home range of black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) on farmlands in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Bruce D Humphries --- School of Life Sciences, South Africa Tharmalingam Ramesh --- School of Life Sciences, South Africa Trevor R Hill --- School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Science, South Africa Colleen T Downs --- School of Life Sciences, South AfricaBlack-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) are an abundant mesopredator on farmlands (croplands and rangelands) across South Africa. Given their adaptability in a changing anthropogenic landscape, knowledge of spatial movements can provide important ecological information on the species. We captured, collared and... -
Seasonal elevational movements of Eastern Olive Sunbird
Cyanomitra olivacea in the Uluguru Mountains, TanzaniaItem type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Chacha Werema --- Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, TanzaniaLittle is known about the seasonal elevational movements for most tropical avifauna species. Seasonal elevational movements of the Eastern Olive Sunbird Cyanomitra olivacea were studied along an elevational gradient from 600 to 1 500 m above sea level in the Uluguru... -
Influence of prey abundance and abiotic factors on the long-term home-range and movement dynamics of spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii in an intermittently open estuary
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: BA Maree --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa PD Cowley --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa TF Næsje --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa A-R Childs --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa AI Terörde --- Arcus Consulting, South Africa EB Thorstad --- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, NorwayLong-term home-range and movement dynamics of spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii and the distribution of their dominant prey, the sandprawn Callichirus kraussi, were investigated in the intermittently open East Kleinemonde Estuary, South Africa. In addition, the effects of fish length, diel... -
Analysis of price discovery and non-linear dynamics between volatility index and volatility index futures
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Investment Analysts Journal • Authors: Yen-Hsien Lee --- Department of Finance, Taiwan, R.O.C. Wan-Shin Mo --- Department of Finance, Taiwan, R.O.C.This study utilises a smooth transition vector error correction model with a Generalised AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity GARCH model to investigate the price-discovery and non-linear dynamics at different times when a deviation occurs in the co-movement equilibrium between the spot volatility... -
Sharks caught in the KwaZulu-Natal bather protection programme, South Africa. 13. The tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: ML Dicken --- KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board, Umhlanga Rocks, South Africa G Cliff --- KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board, Umhlanga Rocks, South Africa H Winker --- South African National Biodiversity Institute, South AfricaThe current study provides long-term catch rate and biological data for tiger sharks Galeocerdo cuvier caught in the KwaZulu-Natal bather protection programme. Between 1978 and 2014, 1 760 G. cuvier were caught in nets and between 2007 and 2014, 108... -
Movement patterns and survival estimates of Blue Cranes in the Western Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Julia L van Velden --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, South Africa Res Altwegg --- Department of Statistical Sciences, South Africa Kevin Shaw --- CapeNature, South Africa Peter G Ryan --- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, South AfricaThe Western Cape population of Blue Cranes Anthropoides paradiseus is the species’ largest and most stable population. How this population utilises the agricultural landscape of the Western Cape, how far individuals disperse and the connectivity between subpopulations is unknown. Basic... -
Philopatry and dispersal of juvenile leervis Lichia amia (Teleostei: Carangidae) tagged in a warm-temperate South African estuary
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: T Murray --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa P Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa A-R Childs --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa R Bennett --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South AfricaUnderstanding and characterising movement and area-use patterns of fishes within estuaries, as well as understanding the degree of connectivity between estuaries and the marine environment, can provide important insights into a species’ ecology, which is fundamental for effective management and... -
Estuarine and coastal connectivity of an estuarine-dependent fishery species, Pomadasys commersonnii (Haemulidae)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: MH Dames --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa PD Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa A-R Childs --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa RH Bennett --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa EB Thorstad --- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Norway TF Næsje --- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, NorwayUnderstanding the level of connectivity between estuarine and coastal waters is essential for appropriate management of estuarine-associated taxa. Most studies have focused on the role of a single estuary, while limited research exists on the importance of multiple estuaries to... -
Space use by Rhabdosargus holubi in a southern African estuary, with emphasis on fish movements and ecosystem connectivity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: GN Grant --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa PD Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa RH Bennett --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa TS Murray --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa AK Whitfield --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South AfricaTwenty-one juvenile Cape stumpnose Rhabdosargus holubi (140–190 mm fork length) were tagged with internal acoustic transmitters in the lower, middle and upper reaches of the Kowie Estuary, South Africa. The movements of each fish were continually monitored from October 2014... -
Reflection on the first five years of South Africa’s Acoustic Tracking Array Platform (ATAP): status, challenges and opportunities
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: PD Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa RH Bennett --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa A-R Childs --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa TS Murray --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South AfricaThe Acoustic Tracking Array Platform (ATAP) is a marine science programme that monitors the movements and migrations of inshore marine animals along the South African coastline. Acoustically tagged animals are monitored by an expanded network of approximately 100 automated data-logging... -
Movement patterns of an endangered fishery species, Lithognathus lithognathus (Sparidae), and the role of no-take marine protected areas as a management tool
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: RH Bennett --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa PD Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa A-R Childs --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa CG Attwood --- Department of Biological Sciences, South Africa L Swart --- Branch: Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environmental Affairs, South Africa TF Næsje --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South AfricaUnderstanding movement behaviour is essential for effective management of fishery species. Dart tags were used to study coastal movement patterns of white steenbras Lithognathus lithognathus, an overexploited seabream (Sparidae) in South Africa. In total, 6 962 fish (190–1 080 mm... -
The spatial ecology of adult Labeobarbus marequensis and their response to flow and habitat variability in the Crocodile River, Kruger National Park
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: MJ Burnett --- Centre for Aquatic Research, Zoology Department, South Africa GC O’Brien --- School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, South Africa V Wepener --- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, South Africa D Pienaar --- Scientific Services Skukuza, Kruger National Park, South AfricaThe spatial movement of Labeobarbus marequensis was evaluated by attaching radio transmitters to 16 adult fish and tracking them from August 2009 to July 2012 in the Crocodile River, Kruger National Park, South Africa. Monthly monitoring surveys acquired 1 620... -
Universalization of Indonesian cultural and scientific regulations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Miranda Risang Ayu Palar --- Faculty of Law, Indonesia Rajah Rasiah --- Asia-Europe Institute, MalaysiaIndonesia ratified the agreement on the establishment of the World Trade Organization, including its annex agreement, the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) in 1995. The alignment of Indonesian Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) with that of the WTO’s TRIPS... -
Multiple GPS fix intervals show variations in the manner African White-backed Vultures Gyps africanus utilise space
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Mark Zvidzai --- , Zimbabwe Fadzai Michelle Zengeya --- , Zimbabwe Mhosisi Masocha --- , Zimbabwe Henry Ndaimani --- , Zimbabwe Amon Murwira --- , ZimbabweApplication of spatial data is becoming increasingly important as a tool for mapping and understanding space utilisation patterns especially for critically endangered species. In this study, we tested how variation in the GPS fix interval may influence space utilisation patterns... -
Population ecology of Red-necked Spurfowl Pternistis afer in the coastal towns of the Eastern Cape province, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Johann H van Niekerk --- , South AfricaConserved remnants of indigenous vegetation patches and corridors are regarded as important components of the built environment for the survival of birds. Field research was conducted at Boknes and Cannon Rocks in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa to study... -
Migration and non-breeding season movements of satellite-tracked Levant Sparrowhawk Accipiter brevipes
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Chien-Hung Yang --- , Taiwan Keith Bildstein --- , United States Siranush Tumanyan --- , Armenia Michael McGrady --- , AustriaIn 2013, we satellite-tracked four juvenile Levant Sparrowhawks Accipiter brevipes from their nests in southern Armenia. Mean departure date from summering areas was 30 August. During autumn, birds migrated toward Africa along both the east and west coasts of the... -
Day/night patterns of habitat use by dogfish sharks (Squalidae) at photic and subphotic warm-temperate reefs: evidence for diel movements and size- and sex-segregation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: R Juby --- , South Africa ATF Bernard --- , South Africa A Götz --- , South AfricaDogfish sharks (genus Squalus) demonstrate complex distribution patterns that may increase their vulnerability to selective overfishing. This study investigated the day/night reef-use patterns in a population of dogfish (presumably Squalus acutipinnis) on shallow photic (13–35 m) and deep subphotic (51–99... -
Out on a limb: female chameleons (Bradypodion pumilum) position themselves to minimise detection, whereas males maximise mating opportunity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Alexander D Rebelo --- South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Claremont, South Africa Res Altwegg --- University of Cape Town, South Africa Eric M Katz --- South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Claremont, South Africa Krystal A Tolley --- South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Claremont, South AfricaAlthough reproductive strategies are poorly documented in chameleons, sperm storage has been confirmed among some species for which male reproductive success may be maximised by increasing the number of females inseminated and/or preventing subsequent female copulation with rival males. Behaviour,... -
Tidal influence on fish faunal occurrence and distribution in an estuarine mangrove system in Ghana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: NK Asare --- , Ghana JL Javier --- , United StatesThis study assessed the effects of tidal stages and habitat conditions on nekton assemblage and distribution in the Kakum River estuarine mangrove system in the Central Region of Ghana. Teleosts and crustaceans were sampled using pole seine and cast net... -
Crested Guineafowl and samango monkey associations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Jacco J Leemans --- , The Netherlands Birthe Linden --- , South Africa Frank van Langevelde --- , The NetherlandsAssociations between animals of different species have been observed for a large variety of taxa. These polyspecific groups are thought to provide advantages to at least one of the species involved, especially foraging benefits or reduced predation risk. In the... -
The effect of intergroup distance on group fidelity in the group‐living Lizard, Cordylus cataphractus
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Eloise Costandius --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa P.Le FrasN. Mouton --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa AlexanderF. Flemming --- Stellenbosch University, South AfricaThe effect of intergroup distance on group fidelity in the Armadillo Lizard, Cordylus cataphractus, was studied in the Lambert's Bay/Graafwater area, South Africa. One hundred and six individuals from 27 groups were marked and recaptured regularly from May until September... -
Movement patterns and growth rate of Scotsman Polysteganus praeorbitalis (Sparidae) tagged in the Pondoland Marine Protected Area, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: BQ Mann --- Oceanographic Research Institute, South Africa WN Dalton --- Oceanographic Research Institute, South Africa GL Jordaan --- Oceanographic Research Institute, South Africa R Daly --- Oceanographic Research Institute, South AfricaA tag-recapture study was undertaken on Polysteganus praeorbitalis in the Pondoland Marine Protected Area (PMPA) on the east coast of South Africa. A total of 1 042 fish were tagged over a period of 16 years and 255 individuals (24.5%)... -
Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on HIV testing services in Malawi: an interrupted time series analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Barinaadaa Afirima --- , Malawi Ihoghosa O Iyamu --- University of British Columbia, Canada Zeena A Yesufu --- , Nigeria Emem Iwara --- , Nigeria David Chilongozi --- , Malawi Louis Banda --- , Malawi Emanuel Zenengeya --- , Malawi Chimwemwe Mablekisi --- , Malawi Blackson Matatiyo --- , Malawi Joseph Kuye --- , Nigeria Odo Michael --- , Liberia Andrew Gonani --- , Malawi Melchiade Ruberintwari --- , Mali Ngonidzashe Madidi --- , Malawi Edward Oladele --- , Zambia Chris Akolo --- , USABackground: Restrictions on public gatherings and movement to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 may have disrupted access and availability of HIV services in Malawi. We quantified the impact of these restrictions on HIV testing services in Malawi. -
Spatial use of non-breeding sites by adult GPS-tracked Ospreys Pandion haliaetus from Germany
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Bernd-Ulrich Meyburg --- , Germany Daniel Holte --- , GermanyRecent analyses of telemetry data on Ospreys Pandion haliaetus predominantly address migratory movements, whereas studies focusing on spatial use are rare, especially concerning the African non-breeding areas. We analysed GPS telemetry data of 15 adult Ospreys breeding in northeast Germany,... -
Acoustic telemetry reveals the drivers behind estuary–sea connectivity of an important estuarine-dependent fishery species, Pomadasys commersonnii, in the Breede Estuary, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: BA Ziko --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa TS Murray --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa TF Næsje --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa JD Filmalter --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa PD Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South AfricaThe spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii is an important estuarine-dependent fishery species known to spawn along the east coast (KwaZulu-Natal Province) of South Africa. However, recent evidence suggests that this species also spawns along the southwest coast in the Western Cape... -
Practices of health citizenship in South Africa: a case study of the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) in Khayelitsha, Cape Town
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Ngwi Nnam Thecla Mulu --- University of the Free State, South AfricaThis article examines the Treatment Action Campaign’s (TAC) evolution and attrition as a social movement organisation to discern its implications for practices of health citizenship at the grassroots level. A qualitative approach to case study research was used to collect... -
Population status, distribution and seasonal range of Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi) in a protected savannah area
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: --- Samara University, Ethiopia --- Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia --- Addis Ababa University, EthiopiaThe genus Equus comprises six species and 22 subspecies. Ethiopia is the only country in the world that has all three surviving species of zebra. The population status, structure, and seasonal range of Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi) were studied in... -
Network analysis of the endemic spotted gully shark Triakis megalopterus reveals spatial vulnerability to exploitation in the Western Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: E Cottrant --- , South Africa NJ Drobniewska --- , South Africa TL Johnson --- , South Africa LG Underhill --- University of Cape Town, South Africa TS Murray --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa N Hammerschlag --- University of Miami, United States PS Albano --- University of Miami, United States C Elston --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa ME McCord --- , South Africa PD Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa C Fallows --- , South Africa TG Paulet --- , South AfricaThe spotted gully shark Triakis megalopterus (Triakidae) is a mesopredatory species endemic to southern Africa. It is currently listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List in accordance with an estimated increase in population size, general release by recreational... -
Wing-moult and seasonal occurrence of sunbirds (Nectariniidae) captured at four sites in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Bo T Bonnevie --- Rhodes University, South Africa Adrian JFK Craig --- Rhodes University, South Africa Pat E Hulley --- Rhodes University, South Africa Albert Schultz --- , South Africa Anthony J Tree --- Rhodes University, South AfricaRinging activity in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa, spanned 30 years, with three sites active concurrently over a 14-year period, and three sites over a 6-year period. In total, in the course of 714 ringing days, in all months,... -
Biology and ecology of the African blackspot shark Carcharhinus humani on the east coast of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: G Cliff --- KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board, South Africa NG Booyens --- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa R Daly --- Oceanographic Research Institute (ORI), South Africa GL Jordaan --- Oceanographic Research Institute (ORI), South Africa N Nkabi --- KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board, South Africa D Parker --- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australia BQ Mann --- Oceanographic Research Institute (ORI), South AfricaThe African blackspot shark Carcharhinus humani (until now commonly known as Human’s whaler shark) is a small-sized requiem shark (family Carcharhinidae) found in tropical coastal waters of the western Indian Ocean as far south as Port St Johns on the... -
Harnessing the maker movement as an important tool for the inclusion of racialized/marginalized women into the innovation and creativity paradigm
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Suzanne Nyehita --- Postdoctoral Research Fellow, South African Research Chair: Intellectual Property, Innovation and Development, Department of Commercial Law, University of Cape Town, South AfricaThis article explores how makerspaces in Cape Town contribute to the innovation and creativity of racialized and marginalized women, focusing on the impact of these spaces on their entrepreneurial activities and the role of Intellectual Property (IP). Using a mixed-methods... -
Seasonal altitudinal migration of White-chested Alethe Chamaetylas fuelleborni in Tanzania documented with a barometric pressure logger
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: Flemming P Jensen --- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Chacha Werema --- University of Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaSeasonal altitudinal movements from breeding areas in montane forests to non-breeding or wintering areas at lower elevations, during the cool dry season from April–June to September–October, has long been suspected for several species of birds breeding in Tanzania’s Eastern Arc... -
The movements of adult leerfish Lichia amia in the Breede Estuary, Western Cape, South Africa: insights from acoustic telemetry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: WM Kilian --- Rhodes University, South Africa TS Murray --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa JD Filmalter --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa PD Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa TF Næsje --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa RJ Wasserman --- Rhodes University, South AfricaLeerfish Lichia amia inhabit estuaries as juveniles before moving between estuaries and the marine environment as sub-adults and adults. While adults remain mostly in the marine environment, philopatry has been observed, with individuals returning to areas previously used, including estuaries... -
Unravelling the mystery of a unique giant trevally Caranx ignobilis aggregation in the Mtentu Estuary, Pondoland Marine Protected Area, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: RB Dixon --- Rhodes University, South Africa BQ Mann --- Rhodes University, South Africa TS Murray --- Rhodes University, South Africa PD Cowley --- Rhodes University, South Africa R Daly --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South AfricaThe giant trevally Caranx ignobilis (family Carangidae) is an iconic apex predatory fish valued by recreational and commercial fisheries globally. A seasonal but episodic aggregation of up to ∼1 000 individuals takes place in the Mtentu Estuary in the Eastern... -
Residency, site affinity and coastal movements of the southern African endemic spotted gully shark Triakis megalopterus
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: E Cottrant --- South African Shark Conservancy, South Africa JH Morrison --- South African Shark Conservancy, South Africa C Elston --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa TS Murray --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa NJ Drobniewska --- South African Shark Conservancy, South Africa LG Underhill --- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa N Hammerschlag --- Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, United States PS Albano --- Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, United States ME McCord --- South African Shark Conservancy, South Africa PD Cowley --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South Africa C Fallows --- Apex Shark Expeditions, South Africa TG Paulet --- South African Shark Conservancy, South AfricaRising global concern regarding the conservation and management of shark species makes it essential to identify key ecological species to guide conservation efforts, especially species with more restricted distributions such as endemic species. The southern African endemic spotted gully shark... -
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexual and reproductive health performance indicators at public health care facilities in Ekurhuleni Health District, South Africa: An interrupted time series analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Podestah Surprise Mabale --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Anesu Marume --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Alfred Musekiwa --- University of Pretoria, South AfricaBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted essential health services globally, including sexual and reproductive health (SRH).