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Estimated Woody Litterfall in Broadleaved, Evergreen Forest, Southern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: S.J. Milton --- ,A new line-transect technique for monitoring woody litterfall in forests is described. In indigenous, evergreen coastal forest at Harkerville, southern Cape, branches and trees which fell and accumulated across 50 m lengths of twine over a period of seven years,... -
Root-shoot Growth Periodicity in Ocotea bullata
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: H. Kotze --- Division of Forest Science and Technology, Saasveld Forestry Research Centre, South Africa C.J. GeldenhuysPeriodicity in leaf fall, and in the growth of roots and shoots of Ocotea bullata was studied. Leaf fall of canopy trees was measured to establish the natural phenological pattern of mature trees. Shoot growth was measured on potted plants... -
Seasonal changes in above‐ground standing crop in three coastal grassland communities in Transkei1
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: C.M. Shackleton --- Department of Botany, TranskeiAbove‐ground standing crop (ASC) dynamics were followed over a two‐year period in three coastal grassland communities. The mass of biomass, necromass and litter components was determined monthly from hand‐clipped samples and compared under three management treatments — grazing, burning and... -
Pine litter as substrate for propagation of vegetable transplants in trays
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.S. Mphaphuli --- Centre of Organic and Smallholder Agriculture, Department of Crop Sciences, South Africa W. van Averbeke --- Centre of Organic and Smallholder Agriculture, Department of Crop Sciences, South Africa R. Böhringer --- Centre of Organic and Smallholder Agriculture, Department of Crop Sciences, South AfricaThe study evaluates the potential of pine litter for use as a substrate in the propagation of vegetable transplants in trays. Sub-optimum pH and electrical conductivity of pine litter were addressed by incorporating 10% feedlot manure by volume. The water... -
THE PROCESSING OF UNCONFINED, NATURALLY ENTRAINED LEAVES IN TWO LOW-ORDER SOUTHERN AFRICAN MOUNTAIN STREAMS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences • Authors: S.J. Lamberth --- Zoology Department, South Africa B.A. Stewart --- , South Africa B.R. Davies --- Zoology Department, South AfricaBreakdown of unconfined and confined leaves of the riparian tree Brabejum stellatifolium L. was investigated in two low order mountain streams (Window Stream and Langrivier) in the southwestern Cape, South Africa. At both sites, 5000 unconfined leaves were released in... -
Brushpiles and dung as rehabilitation patches: effect on soil resources in degraded succulent thicket, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: WB Todkill GIH Kerley EE CampbellA substantial portion of the Thicket Biome in the Eastern Cape has been transformed by overgrazing. An experimental rehabilitation study of degraded succulent thicket was initiated to determine whether increasing the patchiness on the landscape would result in an increase... -
Rates of wood and dung disintegration in arid South African rangelands
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: S.J. Milton --- FitzPatrick Institute, Republic of Soutli Africa W.R.J. Dean --- FitzPatrick Institute, Republic of Soutli AfricaDead shrubs lying on the soil surface in an arid shrubland in the southern Karoo have half‐lives of 9 to 18 years depending on wood density which varies among species. Dung pellets of sheep and springbok can remain intact on... -
Litter Fall and Decomposition in Stands of Mature Pinus radiata
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: D.B. Versfeld --- Department of Water Affairs, Forestry and Environmental Conservation,Rates of litter fall in mature stands of Pinus radiata D. Don have been monitored at the Jonkershoek Forestry Research Station since 1976. Decomposition trials were laid out in June 1977. Litter fall has been collected on six sites in... -
Monitoring the Long-term Effects of Management Practices on Site Productivity in South African Forestry
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: C.J. Schutz --- Natal Forestry Research Centre Department of Environment Affairs,There is no evidence of any decline in site producitivity as a result of management practices in South African forestry. Problems may eventually arise with intensively managed stands on poor sites and from abnormally high rates of litter accumulation on... -
Stand Density and Litter Depth of Pinus patula
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: C.J. Schutz --- Natal Forestry Research Centre, B.V. Bredenkamp --- Natal Forestry Research Centre, M.A. Herbert --- Natal Forestry Research Centre,Investigation of litter layers in a Pinus patula spacing experiment showed the depth of such layers to be independent of stand stocking levels. The relationship between the depth and oven-dry mass of litter is curvilinear. -
Mangrove litter production and organic carbon pools in the Mngazana Estuary, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Anusha Rajkaran JanineB AdamsWood harvesting is reducing the density of adult mangrove trees in the Mngazana Estuary. This is expected to decrease the amount of litter produced as well as the availability of organic carbon to the estuary and the nearshore environment. Pools... -
Abundance of earthworms in Nigerian ecological zones: implications for sustaining fertilizer-free soil fertility
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: S. O. Owa --- Department of Biological Sciences, Nigeria G. A. Dedeke --- Department of Biological Sciences, Nigeria S. O. A. Morafa --- Department of Soil Science and Farm Mechanization, Nigeria J. A. Yeye --- Department of Geography and Regional Planning, NigeriaThe abundance of earthworms in the ecological zones in Nigeria has been determined and the possibility of earthworm functions replacing both mechanized land preparation and organic fertilizers discussed. The most abundant earthworms, comprising 62 % of the population, were the... -
Aseasonal reproduction in the Hottentot golden mole, Amblysomus hottentotus (Afrosoricida: Chrysochloridae) from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: S. Schoeman --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa N. C. Bennett --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa M. van der Merwe --- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa A. S. Schoeman --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South AfricaThe Hottentot golden mole, Amblysomus hottentotus, is a subterranean mammal that exhibits aseasonal breeding. Reproductive organs of golden moles that had been killed on a monthly basis over a period of one year were examined. Reproductive tract measurements and body... -
Carbon stocks in a 50‑year‑old Eucalyptus camaldulensis stand in Sicily, Italy
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Riccardo Scalenghe --- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Italy Luisella Celi --- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Italy Giovanna Costa --- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Italy V Armando Laudicina --- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Italy Stefania Santoni --- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Italy Dario Vespertino --- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Italy Tommaso La Mantia --- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, ItalyEucalyptus stands in semi‑arid areas may contribute to enhance carbon (C) stocks in both biomass and soil. However, the limited information available is mainly focused on short‑rotation plantations. In this study, the above‑ and below‑ground C pools in five 50‑year‑old... -
The influence of food abundance, food dispersion and habitat structure on territory selection and size of an Afrotropical terrestrial insectivore
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology • Authors: William D Newmark --- Natural History Museum of Utah, USA Thomas R Stanley --- US Geological Survey, USAMost tropical insectivorous birds, unlike their temperate counterparts, hold and defend a feeding and breeding territory year-around. However, our understanding of ecological factors influencing territory selection and size in tropical insectivores is limited. Here we examine three prominent hypotheses relating... -
Maize responses to reduced tillage, different plant residue mulch and nitrogen fertiliser on granitic sandy soils of Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Walter Mupangwa --- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Southern Africa Regional Office, Zimbabwe Isaiah Nyagumbo --- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Southern Africa Regional Office, Zimbabwe Eleanor Mutsamba --- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Southern Africa Regional Office, Zimbabwe Blessing Mhlanga --- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Southern Africa Regional Office, Zimbabwe Jefias Mataruse --- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Southern Africa Regional Office, ZimbabweMulching in smallholder conservation agriculture (CA) systems is constrained by lack of adequate crop residues. A three-year study assessed the effects of reduced tillage systems combined with different plant residue mulch and nitrogen (N) fertiliser on nitrogen uptake using the... -
Forest gap size can efficiently promote litter decomposition and nutrient release in south-western China
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Xun Li --- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, China Danju Zhang --- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, China Yan Zhang --- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, China Jian Zhang --- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, China Simeng Song --- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, China Yang Zhou --- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, ChinaForest gaps are important in forest dynamics and management; however, the gap size that is most conducive to the decomposition of litter and promotion of nutrient cycling in forests remains poorly understood. The mass loss and nutrient release from Pinus... -
Population biology of the woodland dormouse Graphiurus murinus in a riverine Combretum forest, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Zimkitha JK Madikiza --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa Sandro Bertolino --- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Italy Emmanuel Do Linh San --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South AfricaUntil recently, very little was known of the biology and ecology of the woodland dormouse Graphiurus murinus, a nocturnal and arboreal rodent belonging to the family Gliridae. Here, we aimed to increase our knowledge on its population biology in a... -
In situ leaf litter production, decomposition and nutrient release of dry Afromontane trees
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal • Authors: Emiru Birhane --- Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Ethiopia Tekleab Desalegn --- Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Ethiopia Fassil Kebede --- Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Ethiopia Kidane Giday --- Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Ethiopia Hadgu Hishe --- Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Ethiopia Kiros Meles Hadgu --- World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), EthiopiaThe litter fall production, decomposition and subsequent nutrient release of Carrisa edulis, Juniperus procera, Maytenus obscura and Olea europaea was monitored in the dry Afromontane forest of Northern Ethiopia by collecting abscised leaves using litter trap with a 192 litter... -
Annual litter production in a Brazilian Cerrado woodland savanna
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Alan N Costa --- , Brazil Alessandra Bartimachi --- , Brazil Heraldo L Vasconcelos --- , USA Emilio M Bruna --- , USA Ernane HM Vieira-Neto --- , USAThe Brazilian Cerrado is a heterogeneous ecosystem where annual woody-layer litter production shows strong spatiotemporal variation. Although Cerrado litter dynamics have been well-documented in forest physiognomies, knowledge from savanna habitats remains limited despite their predominance across the landscape. In this... -
Multi-asset allocation of exchange traded funds: Application of Black–Litterman model
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Investment Analysts Journal • Authors: Mei-Ling Tang --- , Taiwan Feng-Yu Wu --- , Taiwan Ming-Chin Hung --- , TaiwanThe Black–Litterman (BL) model allows investors to apply their subjective views to asset allocation optimisation. In this study, we construct a multi-asset allocation portfolio of iShares exchange traded funds (ETFs) using mean–variance (MV) and BL models. Two investment strategies, namely... -
Coastal carbon storage in degraded, natural, and restored mangrove ecosystems of Guyana
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Sabrina Dookie --- University of Guyana, Guyana Sirpaul Jaikishun --- University of Guyana, Guyana Abdullah Adil Ansari --- University of Guyana, GuyanaMangroves are among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics due to their capacity to sequester and store carbon within their ecosystems. However, the combination of natural and human-induced phenomena causes changes in these ecosystems which can affect the flow... -
Text-mining approach with Black–Litterman model: A case study of Armenian pension funds
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Investment Analysts Journal • Authors: Ruben Gevorgyan --- Head of Data Science for Business Master Program at Yerevan State University, Armenia Rita Hovhannisyan --- Yerevan State University, ArmeniaPension fund managers face challenges in acquiring, analysing, and synthesising external information to make informed investment decisions. Text-mining and sentiment analysis can aid fund managers integrate contrasting news, financial data, and market speculation into their decision rubric. Considering Armenia pension...