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Variable Effects of Glyphosate and Triclopyr Used for the Control of American Bramble, Rubus cuneifolius agg, in Pine Plantations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Forestry Journal • Authors: R.P. Denny --- Cedara Weeds Laboratory, J.M. Goodall --- Cedara Weeds Laboratory,American bramble, Rubus cuneifolius agg, is a weed in pine plantations but information about the efficacy and long-term effects of herbicides is limited. Two trials are described in which observations continued for five and three years respectively. In the first... -
The application of various chemicals to cuts made in the stem bases of Brachystegia spiciformis Benth., Julbernardia globiflora (Benth.) Troupin and Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC.
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: W.R. Teague --- , Zimbabwe DianeM. Killilea --- , ZimbabwePicloram‐potassium and various mixtures of picloram with 2,4‐D amine, 2,4,5‐T ester or amine, or 2,4,5‐T ester alone were injected into incisions made in the cambium of standing Brachystegia spiciformis and Julbernardia globiflora trees. Each arboricide was tested at a range... -
Chemical composition of carrier water influences glyphosate efficacy
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: B.L. de Villiers --- Small Grain Centre, Republic of South Africa D. du Toit --- , Republic of South AfricaGlyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] phytotoxicity was assessed with different sources of natural water carriers to establish to what extent ions in these carriers antagonize glyphosate activity. Glyphosate phytotoxicity with the most antagonistic carrier was 72% less than with deionized water. Antagonistic... -
Season of application and glyphosate formulation as factors influencing the efficacy of glyphosate on phyllode-bearing Australian acacias
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: P.J. Pieterse --- Department of Agronomy and Pastures, Republic of South Africa J.B. McDermott --- , Republic of South AfricaInvasive phyllode-bearing Australian acacias are more difficult to control chemically than true-leaved acacias. Indications were that season of application influenced the efficacy of herbicides when used against these plants. In this experiment two formulations of glyphosate (with low and high... -
Optimizing glyphosate performance with adjuvants
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: B.L. de Villiers --- , South Africa R.C. Lindeque --- , South Africa H.A. Smit --- , South AfricaGlyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] is a non-selective herbicide which is extremely sensitive to antagonism by salts in the spray solution and to environmental conditions at application. Various adjuvants were evaluated with glyphosate in glasshouse and field experiments with the aim of identifying... -
Efficacy of glyphosate, alternative post-emergence herbicides and tillage for control of Cynodon dactylon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: PL Campbell --- , Republic of South AfricaCynodon dactylon (L.) Pers (cynodon) is a major weed in the South African sugarcane industry. Current recommendations involve repeated application of glyphosate for prolonged control. This paper describes three trials of a study to identify alternative treatments. Trial 1 screened... -
Image analysis to quantify herbicide efficacy for Cynodon dactylon control
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: P.L. Campbell --- , Republic of South Africa M.T. Smith --- , Republic of South Africa C. Sewpersad --- , Republic of South Africa M. van den Berg --- , Republic of South AfricaStudies on the effectiveness of herbicides for control of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (cynodon) normally rely on visual recording methods, which are rapid and convenient, but lack objectiveness and reproducibility. To address this problem, a computer software package was customized... -
Control of Eucalyptus grandis cut-stumps of single-stem origin
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: K.M. Little --- , Republic of South Africa N.S. Eccles --- , Republic of South AfricaFour methods to control coppice re-growth on single-stem cut-stump Eucalyptus grandis stools were tested in the Zululand region of KwaZulu-Natal. The methods used were the burning of the plantation residue as opposed to a no-burn control, the application of triclopyr... -
Acacia mearnsii sensitivity to the application of pre-emergent herbicides applied at planting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: KeithM. Little --- , South AfricaFive pre-emergent herbicides were applied either on their own or in various combinations to commercially planted Acacia mearnsii De Wild. seedlings in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands. Acacia mearnsii growth responses to the protected or unprotected application of these herbicides were compared... -
Influence of glyphosate, other herbicides and genetically modified herbicide-resistant crops on soil microbiota: a review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Karen Wolmarans --- Department of Plant Sciences, South Africa Wijnand J Swart --- Department of Plant Sciences, South AfricaThe use of herbicides and genetically modified crops that are herbicide tolerant (HT) is said to adversely affect soil microbial biodiversity, thus negatively influencing the soil ecosystem. Concern has also been raised regarding the potential increase in crop disease incidence... -
A comparison of the cost-effectiveness of different eucalypt cut-stump control management options to reduce competition from coppice regrowth during stand establishment in Mpumalanga, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Jonathan C Roberts --- School of Natural Resource Management, South Africa Keith M Little --- School of Natural Resource Management, South Africa Marnie E Light --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South AfricaSelected cut-stump (Cut_surface) and basal frill (Basal_frill) treatments were tested on Eucalyptus macarthurii cut stumps that had previously been coppiced multiple times. Treatments included the application of herbicide (triclopyr as an amine salt, 360 g L−1), either to the cut-surface... -
Case study of effect of glyphosate application on plant-parasitic nematodes associated with a soybean–maize rotation system in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Akhona Mbatyoti --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Integrated Pest Management, South Africa Mieke S Daneel --- Agricultural Research Council–Tropical and Subtropical Crops, South Africa Antoinette Swart --- Agricultural Research Council–Plant Health and Protection, South Africa Mariette Marais --- Agricultural Research Council–Plant Health and Protection, South Africa Dirk De Waele --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Integrated Pest Management, South Africa Hendrika Fourie --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Integrated Pest Management, South AfricaInformation on the effect of the herbicide glyphosate on nematodes in the field is limited and contradictory. A small field experiment was conducted during two consecutive summer-growing seasons to investigate the response of plant-parasitic nematode communities on the application of... -
Nematode assemblages and soil microbial communities in soils associated with glyphosate-resistant soybean
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Chantelle Girgan --- Nematology Unit, Biosystematics Division, Agricultural Research Council-Plant Health and Protection, South Africa Sarina Claassens --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, South Africa Hendrika Fourie --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, South AfricaThe introduction of genetically modified glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops led to increased use of glyphosate, with potential long-term effects on biological soil communities. Abundance and diversity of plant-parasitic and non-parasitic nematodes, as well as microbial community structure in the rhizosphere of...