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Effect of Busseola fusca on the incidence of maize ear rot caused by Fusarium moniliforme and Stenocarpella maydis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: B.C. Flett --- , Republic of South Africa J. B.J. van Rensburg --- , Republic of South AfricaThe influence of Busseola fusca incidence and damage on Fusarium moniliforme and Stenocarpella maydis ear rots was studied in the field using artificial infestation with B. fusca, mechanical damage and pathogen inoculation. B. fusca infestation increased the incidence of F... -
Evaluation of maize hybrids for kernel colonization by Fusarium moniliforme and F. subglutinans
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: B.C. Flett --- Summer Grain Centre, Republic of South AfricaMaize kernels from six commercially grown hybrids were collected from various localities for three seasons. The incidence of kernel colonization by Fusarium moniliforme and F. subglutinans was determined by plating out 400 representative kernels per sample onto a Fusarium spp... -
The effect of crop rotation with wheat and oats on the incidence of Fusarium crown rot of wheat
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: O. Los --- , Republic of South Africa S.W. Baard --- Department of Plant Pathology, Republic of South Africa W. F.O. Marasas --- Medical Research Council, Republic of South Africa S.A. Burgers --- , Republic of South AfricaCrown rot is a serious disease of wheat in the central and western parts of the Orange Free State. The disease, caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum Group 1, is difficult to control and crop rotation has been suggested as a... -
Fusarium species in wheat grown from head blight infected seed
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W. H.P. Boshoff --- Department of Plant Pathology, Republic of South Africa Z.A. Pretorius --- Department of Plant Pathology, Republic of South Africa W.J. Swart --- Department of Plant Pathology, Republic of South AfricaThe objectives of this preliminary study were to identify Fusarium species associated with wheat seed obtained from head blight infected fields and to determine whether the causal organism(s) of head blight could colonise plants systemically from infected seed. Six Fusarium... -
Complex of root infecting fungi isolated from maize grown under various tillage practices
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Elbé Smit --- , Republic of South AfricaMaize root rot is common in South Africa and various factors may influence disease severity. Phoma spp., Trichoderma spp., Fusarium spp., Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. and Exserohilum pedicellatum (Henry) Leonard and Suggs are the primary fungi isolated from infected roots... -
A comparison of head infection and blight development caused by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium crookwellense in wheat
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: W. H.P. Boshoff --- Department of Plant Pathology, Republic of South Africa Z.A. Pretorius --- Department of Plant Pathology, Republic of South Africa W.J. Swart --- Department of Plant Pathology, Republic of South AfricaThe objectives of this study were to compare the infection of wheat heads by Fusarium graminearum and F. crookwellense and to determine the effect of temperature on head blight development induced by these species. Scanning electron microscopy of spikes of... -
Reaction of South African spring wheat cultivars to head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: K. Ntushelo --- , South Africa W. H. P. Boshoff --- , South AfricaHead blight caused by Fusarium graminearum (Schwabe) is an important wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) disease in the centrepivot irrigation areas of South Africa. Fifteen cultivars, Gamtoos, Inia, Kariega, Marico, Nantes, Palmiet, SST 38, SST 55, SST 57, SST 65, SST... -
Initial studies on fungicide evaluation for efficacy in the management of Fusarium head blight in wheat
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: K. Ntushelo --- , Republic of South Africa W. H. P. Boshoff --- , Republic of South AfricaThe efficacy of the fungicides bromuconazole, carbendazim/epoxiconazole, carbendazim/flusilazole, carbendazim, cypro- conazole, flutriafol, prochloraz, propiconazole and tebucona- zole in controlling head blight was determined in the greenhouse. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) spikes of cultivar SST 38 were inoculated at the onset... -
Variation in the identification of Fusarium spp. in maize samples due to enumerator and growth medium
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: B. Janse van Rensburg --- , South Africa B.C. Flett --- , South Africa N.W. Mc Laren --- Department of Plant Sciences, A.H. Mc Donald --- , South AfricaFusarium spp. have variable phenotypic and morphological features when cultured on different media. Inaccurate identifications could result in variation in the quantification of Fusarium spp. associated with ear rot of maize when two or more researchers identify the same Fusarium... -
Sampling variation in the quantification of fumonisins in maize samples
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: B. Janse van Rensburg --- , South Africa B.C. Flett --- , South Africa N.W. Mc Laren --- Department of Plant Sciences, 9300 South Africa A.H. Mc Donald --- ,Fumonisins produced by F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum cause mycotoxicoses in horses, swine and rats and have been associated with oesophageal cancer in humans. Accurate measurement of mycotoxins is essential for determining the safety of grain and their products for... -
Post establishment survival of Pinus patula in Mpumalanga, one year after planting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: J. W. CrousRecent evidence indicated that the pathogen Fusarium circinatum might be contributing significantly to post-planting mortality. Consequently, sixteen experimental sample plots, widely distributed over many localities in Mpumalanga, were established over two growing seasons to quantify the extent of pest and... -
The effect of applying prophylactic measures on the post-planting survival of Pinus patula in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: The Southern African Forestry Journal • Authors: R. G. Mitchel --- , J. Zwolinski --- Forestry Programme, N. Jones --- Forestry Programme, T. Coutinho --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology,The observed survival of Pinus patula seedlings and cuttings has, on many occasions, been inadequate in nurseries and after field planting in South Africa. There have however, been several reports that survival can be improved if a fungicide is applied... -
Die-back of kiaat (Pterocarpus angolensis) in southern Africa: a cause for concern?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: JWM Mehl --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, South Africa CJ Geldenhuys --- Department of Forest and Wood Science, South Africa J Roux --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, South Africa MJ Wingfield --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, South AfricaPterocarpus angolensis (kiaat) is a well-known southern African tree species of commercial importance that occurs in several vegetation types in the Zambezian regional centre of endemism. The most prominent of these vegetation types are the Zambezian miombo woodland and undifferentiated... -
Tolerance of Pinus patula full-sib families to Fusarium circinatum in a greenhouse study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: RG Mitchell --- , South Africa MJ Wingfield --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa ET Steenkamp --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa TA Coutinho --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South AfricaThe pitch canker fungus, Fusarium circinatum, has caused large-scale mortality of young Pinus patula Schiede and Deppe ex Schltdl. and Cham. seedlings in nurseries in South Africa since 1990. Diseased seedlings have been inadvertently carried to the field, which in... -
Future outlook for Pinus patula in South Africa in the presence of the pitch canker fungus (Fusarium circinatum)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: RG Mitchell --- , South Africa TA Coutinho --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa E Steenkamp --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa M Herbert --- , South Africa MJ Wingfield --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South AfricaApproximately 50% of the area planted to softwood trees in South Africa has been established with Pinus patula, making it the most important pine species in the country. More effort has gone into developing this species for improved growth, tree... -
Discriminating the occurrence of pitch canker fungus in Pinus radiata trees using QuickBird imagery and artificial neural networks
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: NiteshK Poona --- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, South Africa Riyad Ismail --- , South AfricaPathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium circinatum, present a serious threat to Pinus radiata plantations. The effective management of infected trees is thus paramount. Coupled with advanced techniques, high spatial resolution remote sensing data provides the necessary tools to effectively identify... -
Culture-independent detection and quantification of Fusarium circinatum in a pine-producing seedling nursery
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Gerda Fourie --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Michael J Wingfield --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Brenda D Wingfield --- Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa Nicky B Jones --- Sappi Forests, Shaw Research Centre, South Africa Andrew R Morris --- Sappi Forests, Shaw Research Centre, South Africa Emma T Steenkamp --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South AfricaThe primary symptoms associated with Fusarium circinatum infection in pine seedling nurseries are root and collar rot, shoot and tip die-back and seedling mortality. Management of this pathogen in nurseries usually involves the integration of various strategies relating to sanitation,... -
Comparison of the tolerance of Pinus patula seedlings and established trees to infection by Fusarium circinatum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: R Glen Mitchell --- York Timbers, South Africa Michael J Wingfield --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa Emma T Steenkamp --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa Jolanda Roux --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa Steven Verryn --- Creation Breeding Innovations cc, South Africa Teresa A Coutinho --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South AfricaSince the first appearance of Fusarium circinatum in South Africa in 1990, foresters have been challenged with poor field survival of Pinus patula seedlings at establishment. One of the best long-term solutions is to improve the genetic tolerance of P... -
Association of the pitch canker pathogen Fusarium circinatum with grass hosts in commercial pine production areas of South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Cassandra L Swett --- Department of Plant Pathology, USA Bernice Porter --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Gerda Fourie --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Emma T Steenkamp --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Thomas R Gordon --- Department of Plant Pathology, USA Michael J Wingfield --- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South AfricaThe pitch canker pathogen, Fusarium circinatum, has major impacts on production in pine nurseries and plantations in South Africa. Thus far, efforts to reduce local spread have focused on rouging of infected pines and sanitation to eliminate local sources of... -
Pinus patula and pine hybrid hedge productivity in South Africa: a comparison between two vegetative propagation systems exposed to natural infection by Fusarium circinatum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Craig M Ford --- Sappi Forests, Shaw Research Centre, South Africa Nicoletta B Jones --- Sappi Forests, Shaw Research Centre, South Africa Paxie WC Chirwa --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, South AfricaIn response to the Fusarium circinatum pine pathogen threat in southern Africa, research has been conducted on the development of F. circinatum-tolerant P. patula and P. patula hybrids. The objective of this study was to investigate the propagation potential of... -
Effect on nursery and field performance of Pinus patula seedlings after inoculation with Fusarium circinatum
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Nicoletta B Jones --- Sappi Forests, South Africa Craig M Ford --- Sappi Forests, South Africa Marnie E Light --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South Africa Ryan L Nadel --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South Africa Izette Greyling --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Tree Protection Cooperative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa Gerda Fourie --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Tree Protection Cooperative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa Michael J Wingfield --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Tree Protection Cooperative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, South Africa Andrew R Morris --- Sappi Forests, South AfricaFusarium circinatum is an important fungal pathogen of Pinus species. In South Africa, it is the most significant pathogen of Pinus patula seedlings in forestry nurseries where it presents a substantial constraint to productivity and can continue to cause mortality... -
Re-use of seedling containers and Fusarium circinatum association with asymptomatic Pinus patula planting stock
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Andrew R Morris --- Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, South Africa Gerda Fourie --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Izette Greyling --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Emma T Steenkamp --- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, South Africa Nicoletta B Jones --- Sappi Forests, Shaw Research Centre, South AfricaFusarium circinatum is a pathogen causing serious post-planting mortality of Pinus patula seedlings in southern Africa. Containerised planting stock that is asymptomatic but associated with F. circinatum in the nursery is thought to be the cause of this problem. The... -
Applied disease screening and selection program for resistance to vascular wilt in Hawaiian Acacia koa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Nicklos S Dudley --- Hawai'i Agriculture Research Center, USA Tyler C Jones --- Hawai'i Agriculture Research Center, USA Robert L James --- Plant Disease Consulting Northwest, USA Richard A Sniezko --- United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, USA Phil Cannon --- United States Department of Agriculture, USA Dulal Borthakur --- University of Hawai'i at Manoa, USAAcacia koa is a valuable tree species economically, ecologically and culturally in Hawai'i. A vascular wilt disease of A. koa resulting from infection by the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. koae (FOXY) causes high rates of mortality in field... -
Molecular detection of fungi carried by Bradysia difformis (Sciaridae: Diptera) in South African forestry nurseries
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Hemisphere Forestry Journal • Authors: BP Hurley B Slippers TA Coutinho BD Wingfield P Govender MJ WingfieldBradysia difformis (Sciaridae: Diptera) has recently been identified from South African forestry nurseries, and is thought to have been introduced into the country. Fungus gnats, including Bradysia spp., are known to transmit various fungal pathogens. It has thus been hypothesised... -
The occurrence of mycotoxigenic fungi in abalone feed in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: MR Greeff-Laubscher --- , South Africa I Beukes --- , South Africa GJ Marais --- , South Africa K Jacobs --- , South AfricaAbalone feed in South Africa is mainly produced from locally sourced grains and has soy or fishmeal as a protein source. Contamination with fungal species associated with grain-based animal feed is, therefore, a predictable risk. Various Fusarium, Penicillium and Aspergillus... -
Foliar fungicides provide chemical control of Fusarium head blight of wheat in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: Gerhardus J van Coller --- , South Africa Frederik J Kloppers --- , South Africa Vicky M Coetzee --- , South Africa Toinette van Rooyen --- , South Africa Lindy J Rose --- , South Africa Sandra C Lamprecht --- , South Africa Altus Viljoen --- , South AfricaChemical control of a yield-limiting, quality-reducing wheat disease like Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an important management strategy; however, no fungicides are registered against it in South Africa. The aim of this study was to determine foliar fungicides and seed...