Search
Search results for
We found
35 results for you
-
Epidemiology of ryegrass mosaic virus in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: SarahN. Salm --- , Republic of South Africa M.E. Christine Rey --- Department of Microbiology, Republic of South AfricaThe distribution and seasonal occurrence of ryegrass mosaic virus (RMV) in South Africa was determined. Italian ryegrass plants were collected from eight different research stations twice during the growing season in 1990 and 1991. Samples were tested for the presence... -
Reaction of South African soybean cultivars to rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: N.W. McLaren --- Centre for Plant Health Management, Department of Plant Sciences, South AfricaSoybean rust was recorded in South Africa in February 2001 in the Vryheid area of KwaZulu-Natal, from where it spread throughout production areas east of the escarpment. Management of the disease is presently, based on fungicide spray programs. Commercial soybean... -
Development of Phakopsora pachyrhizi on soybean at controlled temperature, relative humidity and moisture periods
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: A. Nunkumar --- , South Africa P.M. Caldwell --- , South Africa Z.A. Pretorius --- Department of Plant Sciences, South AfricaThe influence of temperature, relative humidity (RH) and moisture period (MP) was studied in relation to infection of soybean plants (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) by Asian Soybean Rust (ASR) caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. Disease development was investigated at 15,... -
Gendered socioeconomic conditions and HIV risk behaviours among young people in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Kelly HallmanRecent evidence suggests that the burden of new HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa is concentrated among young people, especially females. Even in a country such as South Africa where knowledge among young people of how to protect oneself from infection... -
Behaviour and communication change in reducing HIV: is Uganda unique?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Daniel Low-Beer --- , United Kingdom RandL Stoneburner --- , United KingdomThe clearest example of declines in HIV prevalence and changes in sexual behaviour comes from Uganda. Are there lessons to learn for other countries or is Uganda unique? In this paper, we assess the epidemiological and behavioural data on Uganda... -
Why do some South African ethnic groups have very high HIV rates and others not?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Chris Kenyon --- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Observatory, South Africa Sizwe Zondo --- Department of Psychology, ASCENT Laboratory, Rondebosch, South AfricaThe differences in HIV prevalence between South Africa's racial/ethnic groups (19.9%, 3.2%, and 0.5% among 15–49-year-old blacks, coloureds and whites, respectively) are as big as those between the countries with the highest and lowest levels of HIV prevalence worldwide. These... -
HIV-seroprevalence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a tertiary care hospital in Douala, Cameroon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou Ngahane --- Douala General Hospital, Cameroon Henry Luma --- Douala General Hospital, Cameroon Yacouba Mapoure Njankouo --- Douala General Hospital, Cameroon Martine Nida --- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cameroon Achu Joko --- Douala General Hospital, Cameroon Marthe Mbenoun --- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cameroon Samuel Wato --- Douala General Hospital, Cameroon Albert Mouelle Sone --- Douala General Hospital, CameroonA retrospective study was carried out at Douala General Hospital, Cameroon, between July 2007 and July 2011, to determine the prevalence of HIV infection among the pulmonary tuberculosis (pTB) patients and to compare epidemiological profiles with respect to TB/HIV co-infection... -
Long-term population effect of male circumcision in generalised HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Michel GarenneThis paper examines the complex relationship between male circumcision and HIV prevalence and incidence in sub-Saharan African countries that have generalised epidemics. In South Africa, the mean yearly HIV incidence and an estimate of the net reproduction rate of the... -
High prevalence of HIV and malaria co-infection in urban Douala, Cameroon
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Theresa Nkuo-Akenji Etienne Emgilbert Tevoufouet Frankline Nzang Nancy Ngufor Elisabeth FonA prospective cohort study was undertaken among 684 adult hospital attendees in Douala, Littoral Province, Cameroon. The objectives were to determine the prevalence of HIV/malaria co-infection and to determine and compare the prevalence of some parasitological, haematological and clinical parameters... -
A network-level explanation for the differences in HIV prevalence in South Africa's racial groups
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Chris Kenyon --- Department of Medicine, South Africa Sipho Dlamini --- Department of Medicine, South Africa Andrew Boulle --- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, South Africa RichardG White --- , United Kingdom Motasim Badri --- Department of Medicine, South AfricaAnalyses of individual-level risk factors have not been able to adequately explain why HIV has spread so extensively in southern Africa and why this has occurred especially within certain racial or ethnic groups. Using data from a longitudinal study of... -
The epidemiology and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: CJ Padoa --- Department of Chemical Pathology National Health Laboratory Service,Type 1 diabetes is a serious, debilitating disease, with life-threatening complications, and the financial burden associated with the management of this disease is enormous. Early diagnosis and intervention can improve morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, in Africa, type 1 diabetes is... -
Chronic pain in the community: a survey in a township in Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: EU Igumbor --- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, South Africa TR Puoane --- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, South Africa SA Gansky --- Division of Oral Epidemiology, USA O Plesh --- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Science, USABackground: Comprehensive information is needed on the epidemiology and burden of chronic pain in the population for the development of appropriate health interventions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, severity, risk indicators and responses of chronic pain among adults... -
Prescribing of methylphenidate to children and adolescents in South Africa: A pharmacoepidemiological investigation
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: I Truter --- Drug Utilization Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy, South AfricaBackground: Pharmacoepidemiological studies on ADHD are limited in South Africa. The primary aim was to analyse the prescribing of methylphenidate to patients aged 18 years and younger in the private health care sector. -
The Phelophepa Health Care Train: a pharmacoepidemiological overview of the Western Cape in 2009
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: I Truter --- Drug Utilisation Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy, South AfricaBackground: The Phelophepa Health Care Train is the only primary healthcare train in the world. Phelophepa is an innovative initiative that attempts to make a positive difference to primary healthcare in rural South Africa. The primary aim of this study... -
The end of AIDS: Possibility or pipe dream? A tale of transitions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Alan Whiteside --- Basillie School of International Affairs and Wilfrid Laurier University, Canada Michael Strauss --- Health Economics and HIV/AIDs Research Division (HEARD), South AfricaGlobally, in the last 20 years health has improved. In this generally optimistic setting HIV and AIDS accounts for the fastest growing burden of disease. The data show the bulk of this is experienced in Southern Africa. In this region,... -
Incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy within a private diabetes mellitus clinic in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: RL Thomas --- Diabetes Research Unit, Wales L Distiller --- Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, South Africa SD Luzio --- Diabetes Research Unit, Wales VJ Melville --- Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, South Africa S Roy Chowdhury --- Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Cardiff University, Wales B Kramer --- Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, South Africa DR Owens --- Diabetes Research Unit, WalesObjective: The study objective was to examine the influence of glycaemic control and ethnic variations on the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). -
Retrospective analysis of patients with cancer of the cervix attending a radiotherapy outpatient department: experience from a university-based hospital in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology • Authors: M Nandi --- Department of Radiation Oncology, India A Mandal --- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, India AK Asthana --- Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, IndiaObjective: A retrospective analysis of all patients with cancer of the cervix attending a radiotherapy outpatients department in a single unit from January 2005 to December 2006 was carried out to study their epidemiology, stage and status of presentation, compliance... -
Genotypic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pretoria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: Prisca Hove --- Department of Microbiological Pathology, Julitha Molepo --- Department of Microbiological Pathology, Samukeliso Dube --- Department of Microbiological Pathology, Maphoshane Nchabeleng --- Department of Microbiological Pathology,Tuberculosis is a global health problem. Continuous efforts are needed to understand the genetic diversity and geographical distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains in Soshanguve, Pretoria. Eighty-nine... -
Epidemiology of an outbreak of cholera in a south-west state of Nigeria
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: Akinola Fatiregun --- Department of Epidemiology, Nigeria Samuel Olowookere --- Department of Community Health, Elvis Isere --- Department of Epidemiology, Nigeri Adejumoke Ayede --- Department of Paediatrics, NigeriaOn 19 August 2011, 11 suspected cholera cases were reported by three private hospitals to the Disease Surveillance Unit of Ede District in Osun State, Nigeria. Diagnoses were confrmed using the cholera rapid diagnostic test kit. A feld investigation to... -
Characterisation of staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia at Tygerberg hospital
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection • Authors: H. Orth --- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Z.S. Dreyer --- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Stellenbosch University, E. Makgotlho --- Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, W. Oosthuysen --- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, B. Sinha --- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, E. Wasserman --- Pathcare Laboratories,To elucidate the local epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia, we characterised blood culture isolates using molecular methods and prospectively collected clinical data to determine the occurrence of community-acquired, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Consecutive S. aureus blood culture isolates were collected... -
Geographical distribution and habitats of the freshwater snail Bulinus reticulatus and its susceptibility to Schistosoma haematobium miracidia under experimental conditions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Kenné N. de Kock [AN0001] Corrie T. Wolmarans --- School of Environmental Sciences and Development, Zoology, South Africa Hylton D. Strauss --- School of Environmental Sciences and Development, Zoology, South Africa Madeleine Killian --- School of Environmental Sciences and Development, Zoology, South Africa Desireé C. Maree --- School of Environmental Sciences and Development, Zoology, South AfricaA brief account is given of the geographical distribution and habitats of Bulinus reticulatus as reflected by the 278 samples currently on record in the database of the National Freshwater Snail Collection, Potchefstroom University. The susceptibility of field specimens and... -
Prevalence and awareness of diabetes in Guinea: findings from a WHO STEPS
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: Naby M. Balde --- Department of Endocrinology, Guinea Alioune Camara --- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Guinea Alpha A Diallo --- National Program for the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Guinea Amadou Kake --- Department of Endocrinology, Guinea Alpha M Diallo --- Department of Endocrinology, Guinea Mandiou Diakite --- Central Laboratory, Guinea Cherif Bah --- National Directorate of Statistics, Guinea Moussa Kone --- World Health Organization, GuineaAims: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of diabetes, and to assess its awareness and related risk factors among adult Guineans. -
Invasive and non-invasive group A β-haemolytic streptococcal infections in patients attending public sector facilities in South Africa: 2003–2015
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases • Authors: Dylan Barth --- Department of Medicine, South Africa Bongani M Mayosi --- Department of Medicine, South Africa Motasim Badri --- College of Medicine, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Andrew Whitelaw --- Department of Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa Mark E Engel --- Department of Medicine, South AfricaBackground: The burden of disease caused by group A streptococcus (GAS) in Africa is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of invasive (iGAS) and non-invasive GAS (non-iGAS) infections in patients attending the public health... -
Rural medicine and ‘home stay’: a medical student’s experience
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: Reabetswe Ntshabele --- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, South Africa Rubeshan Perumal --- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, South Africa Nesri Padayatchi --- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA)—MRC TB HIV Pathogenesis Unit, South AfricaMedical education is evolving from a heavily hierarchical and paternalistic approach to a more developmental and student-centred paradigm. In addition, there has been a greater focus on decentralised medical education, taking medical students closer to the lowest tiers of the... -
The influence of marital status on HIV infection in an HIV hyperendemic area of rural South Africa, 2000–2017
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Boikhutso Tlou --- School of Nursing and Public Health, South AfricaMarital status is one of the factors whose impact on HIV infection has always been studied but contradictory findings have been reported. The drastic changes in marriage patterns in South Africa influences the role of marital status on HIV infection... -
Disease driven extinction in the wild of the Kihansi spray toad, Nectophrynoides asperginis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Ché Weldon --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, South Africa Alan Channing --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, South Africa Gerald Misinzo --- SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals in Eastern and Southern Africa, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania Andrew A Cunningham --- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, United KingdomThe Kihansi spray toad, Nectophrynoides asperginis, became extinct in the wild despite population monitoring and conservation management of its habitat in the Kihansi gorge, Tanzania. Previous investigations have indicated human induced habitat modification, predators, pesticides and disease as possible causes... -
Scientific HIV research in Africa and the Middle East: a socio-economic demographic analysis
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Marouane Menchi-Elanzi --- , Spain Hector Pinargote-Celorio --- , Spain Edy Nacarapa --- , Mozambique Gregorio González-Alcaide --- , Spain José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón --- , SpainBackground: In Africa, HIV/AIDS research is concentrated in certain countries, particularly South Africa. This distribution may not accurately reflect the disease prevalence or the true research efforts of countries. -
Impact of long-term civil disorders and wars on the trajectory of HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: David Gisselquist --- , USAFrom the mid-1970s, seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa have experienced civil disorders and wars lasting for at least 10 years. In two — Sierra Leone during 1991–2002, and Somalia from 1988 and continuing — adult HIV prevalence remained below 1%... -
Rewriting the narrative of the epidemiology of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Stefan Baral [d166e18] Nancy Phaswana-MafuyaThe fight against HIV remains complicated with contracting donor resources and high burden of HIV among reproductive age adults still often limiting independent economic development. In the widespread HIV epidemics of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), it is proposed that key populations... -
A decade of research involving men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa: Current knowledge and future directions
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Nicholas Muraguri Marleen Temmerman Scott Geibel [d199e38]It has been just over 10 years since the first large behavioral survey of men who have sex with men (MSM) was implemented in Senegal in 2001. Since then, behavioral and/or HIV prevalence surveys have been conducted in over 14... -
HIV infections averted at PEPFAR-APIN clinics in Nigeria: a ten-year retrospective evaluation of the clinical outcomes of post-exposure prophylaxis services
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Abdulmuminu Isah --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Nneka Uchenna Igboeli --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Obinna Felix Dim --- University of Nigeria, Nigeria Azubuike Amos Ekwuofu --- University of Nigeria, NigeriaIntroduction: Nigeria contributes a high fraction to the global burden of HIV infections. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a proven strategy to prevent transmission of the virus. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical outcomes of PEP in... -
Spatial variations in STIs among women enrolled in HIV prevention clinical trials in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS • Authors: Reshmi Dassaye --- South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Handan Wand --- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Australia Tarylee Reddy --- South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Frank Tanser --- University of Lincoln, Lincoln Institute for Health, UK Benn Sartorius --- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK Natashia Morris --- South African Medical Research Council, South Africa Gita Ramjee --- South African Medical Research Council, South AfricaSouth Africa is faced with a high HIV and STI prevalence and incidence, respectively, with pockets of high burden areas driving these diseases. Localised monitoring of the HIV epidemic and STI endemic would enable more effective targeted prevention strategies. We... -
The challenge of using museum specimens to track the emergence of a pathogen: a case study from amphibian chytrid fungus in Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: TM Doherty-Bone --- Natural History Museum London, M Perkins --- Zoological Society of London, AA Cunningham --- Zoological Society of London,Archived specimens can provide insights on emerging infectious diseases through the tracking of the progression or occurrence of a pathogen through time. Specimen fixation and preservation may however affect detectability of pathogens, obscuring the signal of emergence. A case study... -
Association between HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy and dysglycaemia prevalence in black South Africans: evidence from the Durban Diabetes Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa • Authors: D Perumal --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa FJ Pirie --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa TM Esterhuizen --- Stellenbosch University, South Africa B O’Leary --- , South Africa EH Young --- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, UK MI McCarthy --- University of Oxford, UK MS Sandhu --- University of Cambridge, UK AA Motala --- University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa -
Hidden no more: A fifteen-year epidemiological assessment of HIV/AIDS in Libya and the urgent need for national action
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of AIDS Research • Authors: Hamza Saad --- University of Central Missouri, United States of AmericaBackground: In Libya, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has worsened over the past 10 years because of political instability, dilapidated health infrastructure, social stigma, and limited access to testing and treatment. While public health has a growing interest in addressing HIV issues,...
