Search
Search results for
We found
36 results for you
-
Multi‐species wild herbivore systems vs. domestic single species systems: A comparison of net animal productivity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: P.S. Goodman --- Mkuzi Game Reserve,Short and medium term net annual harvested animal production is compared for six areas situated in the semi‐arid bushveld of north eastern Natal. The landuse on these areas was conservation, commercial game ranching and commercial cattle ranching. The objectives of... -
Towards a method of assessing the veld condition of the valley bushveld in the Eastern Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: G C Stuart‐Hill --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Eastern Cape Region), A J Aucamp --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Eastern Cape Region), C J G Le Roux --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Eastern Cape Region), W R Teague --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Eastern Cape Region),Currently, no technique is available for assessing the condition of Valley Bushveld in the Eastern Cape. The objective of this investigation was to develop a method of scoring bushveld according to its productive condition. It was established, through principal component... -
Refinement of a model describing forage production, animal production and profitability as a function of bush density in the false thornveld of the eastern cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: G.C. Stuart‐Hill --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Eastern Cape Region),An existing model describing the influence of Aeacia karroo density on forage production, animal production and profitability is reviewed and amended to introduce recent research results. -
Plant palatability assessment and its implications for plant‐herbivore relations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: N. Owen‐Smith --- Resource Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, S.M. Cooper --- Resource Ecology Group, Department of Zoology,An objective method used to assess the palatability of the foliage of woody plant species to kudus, impalas and goats is described. Observations were made on the feeding behaviour of tame animals in the Nylslvey Nature Reserve in northern Transvaal... -
The response of Acacia karroo plants to defoliation by hand compared to defoliation by goats
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: W.R. Teague --- ,The leaf and shoot growth of Acacia karroo plants defoliated by goats was compared to that of plants in which leaf only or leaf plus shoot‐tips were removed by hand, to simulate goat browsing. -
The rate of consumption of bush and grass by goats in a representative acacia karroo savanna community in the Eastern Cape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: W.R. Teague --- ,Consumption of browse and grass in a representative Acacia karroo savanna community was measured. Acacia karroo was preferred to grass. It was selected almost exclusively when available at high leaf densities. Grass was consumed in significant amounts only when approximately... -
Effect of intensity and frequency of defoliation on aerial growth and carbohydrate reserve levels in Acacia karroo plants
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: W.R. Teague --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Eastern Cape Region), Republic of South AfricaAcacia karroo trees were defoliated by goats at two intensities and four frequencies; 2, 4, 8 and 12‐weekly. Leaf accumulation and carbohydrate reserve levels were compared to a non‐defoliated control, and to plants (defoliation controls) which were defoliated for the... -
Quantitative description of woody plant communities: Part I. An approach
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: G.N. Smit --- Department of Agriculture and Water Supply (Transvaal Region), Republic of South AfricaVarious descriptive units for woody plant communities are proposed. These are the Evapotranspiration Tree Equivalent (ETTE), Browse Tree Equivalent (BTE) and Canopied Subhabitat Index (CSI), which describe the status of a woody community in terms of potential moisture use, value... -
The response of Acacia karroo plants to defoliation of the upper or lower canopy
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: W.R. Teague --- , Republic of South AfricaThe response of Acacia karroo trees to defoliation of either the upper or lower canopy only, was compared experimentally with that of plants whose whole canopies had been defoliated at a range of defoliation levels. These plants were very sensitive... -
Quantifying indices of potential competitiveness and browse productivity of single‐stemmed Acacia karroo trees in south‐eastern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa • Authors: F.O. Hobson --- Department of Agricultural Development, (Eastern Cape Region), Republic of South Africa C.H. de Ridder --- Department of Agricultural Development, (Eastern Cape Region), Republic of South AfricaThe prediction of indices of potential competition with grass and browse productivity of single‐stemmed Acacia karroo trees, using various trunk and canopy parameters, was evaluated on the basis of the variance accounted for by each of four operators and the... -
Grazing behaviour and diet selection of Barotse cattle on a communally grazed floodplain in west Zambia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: RMT Baars JJ OttensGrazing behaviour and diet selection of cattle were studied on a communally grazed floodplain and its adjacent wooded uplands in western Zambia to identify the interaction between basic herd management practices, foraging behaviour and body condition of cattle. On average,... -
Impact of goat browsing on Aloe ferox in a South African savanna
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: L Breebaart R Bhikraj TG O'ConnorThe extent and impact of the utilisation of Aloe ferox by Boer goats during winter in a South African savanna was determined using a plant-based approach. All Aloe plants rooted within the transects were eaten by goats, with small plants... -
The coppicing ability of Acacia erubescens and Combretum apiculatum subsp. apiculatum in response to cutting
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: G N SmitThe investigation was conducted in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. Twenty single stemmed trees of both Acacia erubescens and Combretum apiculatum subsp. apiculatum were randomly selected and five trees of each species were cut at heights of 5cm, 15cm,... -
The nutritional value of Zizyphus spina-christi for goat production among the pastoralists of Kalu district, South Wello, Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: KY Dawd NKR Musimba WN Ekaya KO FarahFifteen yearling goats of similar weight were used to evaluate the potential of Zizyphus spina-christi leaves as a supplement to goats fed on Cynodon dactylon grass. Animals were randomly assigned to five feeding regimes and individually stall-fed for a preliminary... -
Kudu foraging behaviour: influenced by animal density?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: C van der WaalIn deciduous savanna a marked decline in browse availability characterises the late dry season and apparently regulates populations of large browser species such as kudu. The dry season utilisation patterns of two woody species, Acacia tortilis and Boscia albitrunca, in... -
Cattle diet selection during the hot-dry season in a semi-arid region of Namibia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: MLJ Katjiua D WardThe northern Kalahari Desert is dominated by Terminalia sericea savanna woodland and a sparse herbaceous layer. Range ecologists regard T. sericea as a major encroaching species and that such encroachment represents a cost to cattle production. In contrast, pastoralists regard... -
Chemical composition and in vitro gas production of vetch (Vicia sativa) and some browse and grass species in northern Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: G Berhane LO Eik A ToleraChemical composition and in vitro gas production of vetch (Vicia sativa) and some browse and grass species from northern Ethiopia were investigated. Vetch (fresh cut) was sampled in September and vetch hay samples were taken in October both during the... -
Proanthocyanadin (condensed tannin) content of Brachystegia spiciformis browse harvested at different stages of growth from three sites in Zimbabwe
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: JJ Baloyi T Acamovic NT Ngongoni H HamudikuwandaThe extractable and insoluble (bound to protein or neutral detergent fibre [NDF] proanthocyanadin (PA) of the tree species Brachystegia spiciformis (Musasa) harvested at different stages of growth from three sites with different soil types in Zimbabwe was analysed by the... -
Antioxidant activity of selected plants of the Great Fish River Reserve,Eastern Cape, South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: AH Kgopa --- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, South Africa SI Bulani --- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, South Africa BS Wilhelmi --- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, South Africa JM Brand --- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, South AfricaThe Great Fish River Reserve (GFRR), in the Eastern Cape, has proved to be particularly suitable for the black rhinoceros that have been introduced over the past 20 years. In captivity, these animals often suffer from a number of disease... -
Savanna browse production. 1: Determinants and measurement
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Caryn A Penderis --- School of Life Sciences, South Africa Kevin P Kirkman --- Grassland Science, South AfricaWith the rapid expansion of wildlife ranching and conservation in South African savannas and the resultant increase in multi-species grazing and browsing systems, information on browse production potential is essential for determination of carrying capacity. This study, conducted on three... -
Savanna browse production. 2: Prediction
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Caryn A Penderis --- School of Life Sciences, South Africa Kevin P Kirkman --- Grassland Science, South AfricaBrowsing herbivores are generally highly selective feeders, selecting for new shoots and young plant material. Determinations of browser carrying capacity are then greatly inflated when based on available browse biomass estimates. Our study was initiated with the aim of modelling... -
Predicting Leucaena leucocephala biomass from simple morphometrics
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: C.D. MorrisA non-destructive method is required for estimating the forage yield of small stands of Leucaena leucocephala. Non-linear regression was used to investigate the relationship between the height of leucaena trees and wood and edible dry matter (edm) yield, and the... -
Prediction models for estimating available fodder of two savanna tree species (Acacia dudgeoni and Balanites aegyptiaca) based on field and image analysis measures
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: P Savadogo B ElfvingBrowse production is difficult to measure non-destructively without some level of subjectivity combined with a lack of accuracy and reproducibility. This study examined the possibility of using ground-based photographs to estimate browse production. Thirty five sample trees of Acacia dudgeoni... -
Induced chemical defences in Colophospermum mopane trees
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: DCJ Wessels C van der Waal WF de BoerA field experiment was conducted in which Mopane (Colophospermum mopane) trees were subjected to three different canopy treatments:felling of trees at a mean height of 0.7m above ground level, felling at a height of 2m, or pruning of selected branches... -
BECVOL 3: an expansion of the aboveground biomass quantification model for trees and shrubs to include the wood component
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Nico Smit --- Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, South AfricaA quantitative description of woody plant communities that aimed at aiding studies on grass–tree competition interactions, bush encroachment and estimation of food to browser herbivore species, was proposed during 1989. It evolved as the BECVOL-model and differs from other methods... -
Diet selection of goats depends on season: roles of plant physical and chemical traits
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Ntuthuko R Mkhize --- Agricultural Research Council–Animal Production Institute, South Africa Peter F Scogings --- Department of Agiculture, South Africa Ignatius V Nsahlai --- Animal and Poultry Science, South Africa Luthando E Dziba --- CSIR, Natural Resources and the Environment, South AfricaThis paper reports on diet selection of goats offered six browse species (i.e. Acacia natalitia [Vachellia natalitia], Acacia nilotica [Vachellia nilotica], Dichrostachys cinerea, Grewia occidentalis, Gymnosporia maranguensis and Scutia myrtina) commonly found in moist Zululand thornveld. The hypotheses tested were:... -
Silvopastoral system based on Ficus thonningii: an adaptation to climate change in northern Ethiopia
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Mulubrhan Balehegn --- Animal Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Ethiopia Lars O Eik --- Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Ås, Norway Yayneshet Tesfay --- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), EthiopiaThis study in northern Ethiopia investigated local people's perception of climate change and the role of indigenous silvopastoralism in adaptation to that change. Two hundred and forty respondents participated in a questionnaire survey and group discussions. Local communities perceive climate... -
Seasonal variations in diet selection of Nguni goats: effects of physical and chemical traits of browse
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Sylvester W Fomum --- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South Africa Peter F Scogings --- Department of Agriculture, South Africa Luthando Dziba --- CSIR, South Africa Ignatius V Nsahlai --- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South AfricaGoats select some browse species more than others, given options. Seasonal trends of diet selection of Nguni goats indexed by intake were investigated in cafeteria-style experiments. The relationships between diet selection and plant chemical/physical traits of Vachellia nilotica, Vachellia robusta,... -
Faecal nitrogen of browser and mixed feeder game species during different seasons
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Beanélri B Janecke --- Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, South Africa G Nico Smit --- Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, South AfricaA practical measure of assessing periods of potential nutritional stress of game species is needed in the management of these species in the Acacia karroo Riparian Thicket of the central Free State. The objectives of the study were to determine... -
Effects of pruning on the concentration of secondary metabolites in Colophospermum mopane leaves
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science • Authors: Rudzani A Makhado --- Department of Biodiversity, South Africa Martin J Potgieter --- Department of Biodiversity, South Africa Wilmien J Luus-Powell --- Department of Biodiversity, South AfricaColophospermum mopane, commonly known as mopane, produces secondary metabolites during the growing season. However, there is still insufficient knowledge on the quantity of secondary metabolites and the effect of browsers on the concentration of secondary metabolites. A pruning experiment was... -
Mapping key browse resources in a heterogeneous agricultural landscape
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Clarice P Mudzengi --- , Zimbabwe Amon Murwira --- , Zimbabwe Fadzai M Zengeya --- , Zimbabwe Tinyiko Halimani --- , Zimbabwe Herve Fritz --- , France Chrispen Murungweni --- , ZimbabweWe investigated application of MaxEnt, a one-class classifier, in mapping the spatial distribution of Colophospermum mopane, Dichrostachys cinerea and Salvadora persica using drainage, elevation, slope, soil and Normalised Difference Vegetation Index as environmental variables. Model performance was evaluated based on... -
A review of the responses of medium- to large-sized African mammals to fire
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Willem A Nieman --- , South Africa Brian W van Wilgen --- , South Africa Frans GT Radloff --- , South Africa Alison J Leslie --- , South AfricaAn improved understanding of how fire affects African mammals is important for the management of both fire regimes and mammal populations. The response of mammals (>5 kg) to fire was reviewed to identify habitat preferences, and to inform fire management... -
Diet preference of black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis at Welgevonden Game Reserve, South Africa, across seasons
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Joti Daya --- Nelson Mandela University – George Campus, South Africa Hervé Fritz --- Nelson Mandela University – George Campus, South Africa Jan A Venter --- Nelson Mandela University – George Campus, South AfricaDiet preference of the black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis was determined in Welgevonden Game Reserve (WGR), located in the Waterberg region of Limpopo Province, South Africa. Fieldwork was conducted in the dry, early wet and late wet seasons. Diet preference was... -
Seasonal dynamics of forage nutrition in smallholder goat production systems in Malawi
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Andrew S Cooke --- University of Lincoln, UK Winchester Mvula --- Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Malawi Patson Nalivata --- Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Malawi Javier Ventura-Cordero --- Queen’s University Belfast, UK Lovemore C Gwiriri --- Coventry University, Taro Takahashi --- Rothamsted Research, UK Eric R Morgan --- Queen’s University Belfast, UK Michael RF Lee --- Harper Adams University, UK Andrews Safalaoh --- Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, MalawiForage and browse are a valuable natural resource in Malawi that can be used to support livestock production which, in turn, can contribute towards delivering income and nutrition to households and communities. However, the quality and quantity of forages can... -
Vertical heterogeneity of chemical constituents and in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters in browse tree leaves
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: Kgaogelo P Meso --- North-West University, South Africa Caven M Mnisi --- North-West University, South Africa Martin P Hughes --- University of the West Indies, Abubeker Hassen --- University of Pretoria, South Africa Solomon T Beyene --- University of Fort Hare, Victor Mlambo --- University of Mpumalanga, South AfricaRepeated herbivory has the potential to induce adaptive chemical changes in the leaves of browse plants, which can alter their nutritive value. This study examined the interactive effect of tree species and harvest height on chemical composition and in vitro... -
Methane emission and performance indicators of sheep fed Super Napier grass, sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw and leaves of two browse species (Leucaena leucocephala and Albizia lebbek)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Range & Forage Science • Authors: FO Sarkwa --- College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana V Antwi --- College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana EC Timpong-Jones --- College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana FY Obese --- College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana T Adogla-Bessa --- Evangelical Presbyterian University College, Ghana DY Osei --- Animal Research Institute, Ghana F Adu Boahene --- College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana S Andoh --- College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, GhanaMethane produced during enteric fermentation in ruminants is influenced by dietary factors. To lower enteric methane emissions without lowering overall production performance, appropriate diets are needed. Thus, the performance and methane emission of sheep fed Super Napier grass (SN), sodium...