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Depression and Pragmatics in Adult Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: An Exploratory Study
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Anniah Mupawose --- University of the Witwatersrand, Khoza Katijah --- University of the Witwatersrand, Venisha Naran --- University of the Witwatersrand,The study examined the association between depression and pragmatics in mild traumatic brain injured (MTBI) adults. Pragmatics is defined as the use of language in a social context (Wiig & Semel, 1984). The sample consisted of 14 MTBI adult males... -
Attenuation of the haemodynamic response to placement of the Mayfield skull pin head holder: alfentanil versus scalp block
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: FJ Smith --- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, South Africa CJ van der Merwe --- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, South Africa PJ Becker --- Unit for Biostatistics, South AfricaIntroduction: Application of the Mayfield clamp causes a significant haemodynamic response. Different methods have been used to attenuate this response. We compared two of these methods, namely alfentanil bolus (Group A) and nerve block of the scalp (Group B). METHOD:... -
The role of biomarkers and B-type natriuretic peptide in diagnosis and perioperative risk prediction
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: N Afshani --- Department of Anaesthesia, BM Biccard --- Department of Anaesthetics, RA Dyer --- Department of Anaesthesia,Biomarkers are important in diagnosis, assessment of disease severity, risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making. Recent studies strongly suggest that there is a role for B-type natriuretic peptide (BtNP) as a powerful prognostic predictor in both the preoperative and postoperative setting... -
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring for the anaesthetist
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: JJN Van Der Walt --- Department of Anaesthesia, JM Thomas --- Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, AA Figaji --- Division of Neurosurgery,Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has become the gold standard for the monitoring of functional nervous tissue and mapping of eloquent brain tissue during neurosurgical procedures. The multimodal use of somatosensory-evoked potentials and motor-evoked potentials ensures adequate monitoring of anterior sensory... -
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring for the anaesthetist
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: JJN Van Der Walt --- Department of Anaesthesia, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, JM Thomas --- Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, AA Figaji --- Division of Neurosurgery,The use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (INM) during spinal orthopaedic and neurosurgical procedures provides a challenge to the attending anaesthesiologist. Since all anaesthetic agents affect synaptic function, the choice of agent will be determined by the type of surgery and... -
Preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide risk stratification: do postoperative indices add value?
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: RN Rodseth --- Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthetics, K Vasconcellos --- Department of Anaesthetics and Critical Care, P Naidoo --- National Health Laboratory Services; Department of Chemical Pathology, BM Biccard --- Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthetics,Objectives: It is unclear if there is value in measuring postoperative B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients risk-stratified using preoperative BNP. -
Evidence for Zolpidem efficacy in brain damage
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Family Practice • Authors: RP Clauss --- Nuclear Medicine Department, United Kingdom H W Nel --- , South AfricaPrevious reports have shown that zolpidem could reverse semi-coma and improve cerebral perfusion after brain injury. Studies in animals have implicated omega 1 GABAergic action as reason for this improvement. Evidence for the efficacy of Zolpidem in a wide range... -
Pathology of eyes and brain of fish infected with diplostomids, southern Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: Andri Grobbelaar --- Department Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, South Africa Liesl L van As --- Department Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, South Africa Jo G van As --- Department Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, South Africa Hennie JB Butler --- Department Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, South AfricaOnly a few reports exist on diplostomid metacercariae found in southern African fish and even less information is available on the pathology associated with these infections. During surveys conducted in December 2008 and August 2010, different fish species were collected... -
The Behaviour and Brain Function of the Cichlid Fish Hemihaplochromis Philander
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Zoologica Africana • Authors: A.J. Ribbink --- Department of Zoology and Entomology,Forebrain extirpations from Hemihaplochromis philander (Pisces: Cichlidae) resulted in a decrease of aggressive (territorial), courtship, and spontaneous behaviour. The stimulus-response latency was found to be increased by the extirpations. Forebrainless males were unable to distinguish between male and female conspecifics... -
Outcome of traumatic brain injury in the intensive care unit: a five-year review
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: KU Tobi --- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nigeria AL Azeez --- Department of Surgery, Nigeria SO Agbedia --- Department of Anaesthesiology, NigeriaIntroduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major challenge in the intensive care unit (ICU) with a high mortality. In a recent study, severe TBI accounted for 14.3% of all ICU admissions with a mortality of 54.0%. -
An unusual case of repeated venous air embolism during awake bilateral deep brain stimulation surgery
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: WMN Wan Hassan --- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medical Sciences, Malaysia BT Yeap --- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medical Sciences, Malaysia L Ab Mukmin --- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medical Sciences, Malaysia ARI Ghani --- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Malaysia RH Mohd Zaini --- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medical Sciences, MalaysiaVenous air embolism (VAE) is the entrainment of air either from a surgical site or from the environment into the venous or arterial vasculature, which can subsequently cause systemic effects. Many cases are subclinical but large volume and high rate... -
Incidence and hospital mortality of vascular surgery patients with perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) or myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS)
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia • Authors: T Kisten --- Discipline of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, South Africa BM Biccard --- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, South AfricaBackground: Perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) and prognostically relevant myocardial injury following non-cardiac surgery (MINS) increases perioperative mortality. Studies in vascular patients show an increased incidence and mortality from PMI. However, there remains limited data on the relative prognostic importance of... -
Neurobehavioural profile following cumulative mild traumatic brain injury in adolescent rugby players in South Africa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of Psychology in Africa • Authors: Wilna. J. Basson --- Department of Psychology, South Africa Fathima. A. Essack --- Department of Psychology, South AfricaThe study investigated the neurobehavioural components of executive dysfunction following sport-related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI) in Grade 12 adolescent rugby players over a rugby season. In a non-equivalent quasi-experimental design, a rugby group (n = 90) were compared with demographically equivalent... -
Institutions and brain drain: The role of business start-up regulations
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Patrick Marie Nga Ndjobo --- , Cameroon Noémia Certo Simões --- , PortugalThe objective of this article is to re-examine the relationship between African institutions and the migration phenomena. Specifically, we analyze the relationship between business start-up regulations and the brain drain from sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries towards those in OECD. Using... -
Brain drain in African healthcare: A systematic review and policy implications
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Africa Journal of Management • Authors: Gregory N. Orewa --- University of Texas at San Antonio, USA Nero Edevbie --- Sam Houston State University, Ifeyimika O. Ajaiyeoba --- University of Wisconsin-Parkside, USA Sofia Smeigh --- University of Texas at San Antonio, USA Juliet O. Osuji --- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, USAThe migration of highly educated and working professionals from Africa to more developed regions – commonly referred to as “brain drain” – is a significant issue that undermines the continent's socioeconomic progress. This paper provides a systematic literature review of...