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AQUATIC MACROPHYTE COMMUNITIES OF THE WILDERNESS LAKES: COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND ASSOCIATED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Limnological Society of Southern Africa • Authors: Clive Howard-Williams --- , South Africa

The structure and summer biomass (g m−2 dry mass) of the principal aquatic macrophyte communities of the Wilderness Lakes were measured. Both emergent and submerged communities were included in the study. Productivity estimates were made by multiplying biomass by production/biomass...

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THE ENUMERATION OF AQUATIC BACTERIA USING DAPI

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Limnological Society of Southern Africa • Authors: RichardD. Robarts --- , South Africa LynM. Sephton --- , South Africa

A comparison was made between acridine orange (AO) and 4'6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), a highly sensitive DNA fluorescing stain, for enumerating aquatic bacteria. When water samples were processed in a darkened room and a final DAPI concentration of 0,05 μg ml −1...

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ZOOPLANKTON AND ESTUARINE RELICT (BENTHIC) FAUNA IN LAKE MZINGAZI, A FRESHWATER COASTAL LAKE OF NATAL

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Journal of the Limnological Society of Southern Africa • Authors: B.K. Fowles --- , South Africa C. G.M. Archibald --- , South Africa

Lake Mzingazi, a natural, undisturbed freshwater coastal lake in the heart of the Richards Bay municipal area, is threatened by rapid urban and industrial growth. The previously unrecorded composition and distribution of zooplankton in the lake was studied during 1979...

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SHORT-TERM IMPACTS OF FORMULATIONS OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS VAR. ISRAELENSIS DE BARJAC AND THE ORGANOPHOSPHATE TEMEPHOS, USED IN BLACKFLY (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) CONTROL, ON RHEOPHILIC BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES IN THE MIDDLE ORANGE RIVER, SOUTH AFRICA

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences • Authors: R.W. Palmer --- Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, South Africa

The impacts of larvicides used in the control of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) on macroinvertebrates in the stones-in-current biotope were assessed during 8 field trials in the middle Orange River, South Africa. Two Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (B.t.i.) products (VectobacR 12AS...

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COASTAL AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS, CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN NIGERIA

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences • Authors: E.A. Ajao --- , Nigeria

The coastal ecosystems in Nigeria are classified into four broad regions according to differences in general morphology, vegetation and beach type. They are the barrier lagoon complex, the transgressive mud beach, the Niger delta and the strand coast. The delta...

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DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF FENTHION (QUELETOX® UL), USED TO CONTROL RED-BILLED QUELEA (QUELEA QUELEA), ON RHEOPHILIC BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES IN THE ORANGE RIVER

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences • Authors: R.W. Palmer --- Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, South Africa

The relative abundance of rheophilic macroinvertebrates in the Orange River was assessed before and 15 hrs after two aerial applications of fenthion (QUELETOX® UL) above roosting sites of the red-billed quelea (Quelea quelea). The first treatment had no detectable effect...

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THE USE OF TOXICITY TESTING IN EFFLUENT REGULATION AND CONTROL: A NEW DIMENSION TO ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER QUALITY IN SOUTH AFRICA

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences • Authors: D.J. Roux --- , South Africa

Efficient management tools are continually required to cope with increasing demands placed on the quality and quantity of aquatic resources. Recent developments in environmental monitoring indicate the importance of incorporating biological indicators in assessment programmes. Aquatic toxicology has consequently become...

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IMPACTS OF REPEATED APPLICATIONS OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS VAR. ISRAELENSIS DE BARJAC AND TEMEPHOS, USED IN BLACKFLY (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) CONTROL, ON MACROINVERTEBRATES IN THE MIDDLE ORANGE RIVER, SOUTH AFRICA

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences • Authors: R.W. Palmer --- Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, South Africa A.R. Palmer --- , South Africa

The impacts of five consecutive treatments of blackfly larvicides on macroinvertebrates in the middle Orange River were assessed. The abundance of the midge Xenochironomus sp. and the limpet Burnupia sp. was lower at sites treated with Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis...

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MANAGEMENT, CONSERVATION AND RESEARCH OF INTERNATIONALLY SHARED WATERCOURSES IN SOUTIIERN AFRICA—NAMIBIAN EXPERIENCE WITH THE OKAVANGO RIVER AND RIVERS OF THE EASTERN CAPRIVI

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences • Authors: E. D. Taylor --- , England S. Bethune --- , Namibia

Although the emphasis of the recent National Rivers Research Initiative (now the Research Programme for the Management of Rivers) in South Africa was on river research in that country, the reality is that in southern Africa many watercourses are shared...

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A REVIEW OF THE AQUATIC AVIFAUNA OF THE MHLATHUZE ESTUARY

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences • Authors: D. P. Cyrus --- , , South Africa

This paper is the first published review of the aquatic avifauna of the Mhlathuze Estuary. It also uses a regional approach in order to determine the potential for certain hitherto unrecorded species to occur there. The study shows that there...

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Water policy in southern Africa: A brief synopsis of some of the macro driving forces

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: AR Turton

The water sector reforms that are underway in many parts of southern Africa are a manifestation of a global phenomenon. This is rooted in the human response to the undesirable consequences of development, and seeks to introduce the notion of...

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Water — The common element: Lessons from antiquity and the health of the environment

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: C Dickens

The chief pursuit of all aquatic science is to come to know the rules that govern aquatic systems. In this pursuit many scientists move in the direction of greater diversity, where the laws that govern ecosystem relationships become increasingly confined...

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Comparison of the density and species composition of aquatic invertebrates found between the roots of Eichhornia crassipes plants from two coastal lakes in northern KwaZulu-Natal

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: A Viljoen DP Cyrus V Wepener

The aquatic invertebrates found between the roots of Eichhornia crassipes plants from Lakes Cubhu and Nsezi were analysed and compared with each other. Root samples in Lake Cubhu were dominated by Corophium triaenonyx and Caridina nilotica whilst root samples from...

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Aquatic avifauna of the coastal lakes of the Mhlathuze River system

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: DP Cyrus

This paper provides the first attempt to bring together all published and unpublished data on the aquatic avifauna of Lakes Mzingazi, Nsezi, Cubhu and Mangeza, situated near Richards Bay in the lower reaches of the Mhlathuze River system. Whilst the...

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Changes in the distribution of emergent aquatic plants in a brackish South African estuarine-lake system

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: IA Russell

Vegetation mapping in the Wilderness Lakes indicated that, between 1975 and 1997, prominent increases occurred in the distribution of the mapping units Phragmites australis (53.9ha; +53%), grass or fields (23.1ha; +35%) and scrub or trees (12.2ha; +45%). Over the same...

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miniSASS — A novel technique for community participation in river health monitoring and management

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: P Mark Graham ChrisWS Dickens R Jim Taylor

Reliable indicators of water quality and river health are often difficult and expensive to derive. This paper reports on a process to develop a low technology, scientifically reliable and robust technique to monitor water quality in rivers and streams. With...

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The Namibian Scoring System (NASS) version 2 rapid bio-assessment method for rivers

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: RW Palmer ED Taylor

This paper presents a rapid bio-assessment method for assessing the ecological condition of streams and rivers in Namibia. The method uses the composition and abundance of aquatic invertebrates, which are identified in the field, mostly to family level. The method...

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The effect of water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Martius) SolmsLaubach (Pontederiaceae), on benthic biodiversity in two impoundments on the New Year's River, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: JohnM Midgley MartinP Hill MartinH Villet

Water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Martius) Solms-Laubach (Pontederiaceae), forms thick mats that affect water resource utilisation, but little is known about its impacts on biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems. The benthic invertebrate community and algal biomass were sampled under water hyacinth mats...

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The South African Scoring System (SASS) Version 5 Rapid Bioassessment Method for Rivers

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: C WS Dickens --- , South Africa PM Graham --- , South Africa

The assessment of biota in rivers is a widely recognised means of determining the condition or ‘health’ of rivers. Benthic macroinvertebrates, in particular, are recognised as valuable organisms for bioassessments, due largely to their visibility to the naked eye, ease...

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Historical analysis of the Journal of the Southern African Society of Aquatic Scientists and prospects for the development of a sub-Saharan African limnology

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: MJ Wishart --- Freshwater Research Unit, Department of Zoology, South Africa BR Davies --- Co-operative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology, Australia M Coke --- , South Africa

For many years the Journal published by the Southern African Society of Aquatic Scientists has aimed to provide a forum for the publication of research results, observations, comment, theories, hypotheses and other information on natural waters in and around Africa...

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Potential impacts of alien freshwater crayfish in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: I de Moor --- , South Africa

The habitat preferences and life history characteristics of four alien species of freshwater crayfish (Cherax tenuimanus, C. destructor, C. quadricarinatus and Procambarus clarkii) are reviewed. The potential impact of these species on South African freshwater ecosystems is assessed and the...

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The cost of water hyacinth control in South Africa: a case study of three options

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: E van Wyk --- , South Africa BW van Wilgen --- , South Africa

The aquatic plant water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) was first recorded in South Africa during the early part of the 20th century. The plant has since spread across the country and is found in water bodies in both sub-tropical and temperate...

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Application of the Indicators of Hydrological Alteration method to the Mkomazi River, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: V Taylor --- , South Africa R Schulze --- , South Africa G Jewitt --- , South Africa

Hydrological regimes play a major role in structuring the biotic diversity within river ecosystems and hydrological variation is recognised as a primary driving force within those ecosystems. The US Nature Conservancy developed a method known as the Indicators of Hydrological...

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The global impact of alien trout species—a review; with reference to their impact in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: JA Cambray --- Makana Biodiversity Centre, South Africa

Rainbow and brown trout have been introduced into at least 82 countries, where they have significantly impacted indigenous fish, aquatic invertebrates and amphibians. In many studies the second, and sometimes the first, most serious identified threat to indigenous aquatic fauna...

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An overview of the structure and function of microbial biofilms, with special emphasis on heterotrophic aquatic microbial communities

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: AW Muia --- Department of Biological Sciences, Kenya G Bretschko --- , Austria GJ Herndl --- Department of Biological Oceanography, The Netherlands

An overview is presented of the formation, structure and development of biofilms, and of the roles and functions of heterotrophic microbial communities in streambeds, in order to stimulate interest and research in this field in Africa. Microbial biolfilms are of...

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The effect of plant density on epiphytic macroinvertebrates associated with a submerged macrophyte, Lagarosiphon ilicifolius Obermeyer, in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: C Phiri --- , Zimbabwe A Chakona --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa JA Day --- Freshwater Research Unit, Zoology Department, South Africa

The effect of variations in the density of a submerged macrophyte, Lagarosiphon ilicifolius, on epiphytic macroinvertebrate community structure in the shallow waters of a sheltered bay of Lake Kariba were investigated. The body size class distributions of a mayfly, Cloeon...

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Assessment of heavy metal accumulation in Anzali wetland, Iran, using a submerged aquatic plant, Ceratophyllum demersum

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: AR Pourkhabbaz --- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iran HR Pourkhabbaz --- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Iran T Khazaei --- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iran S Behravesh --- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iran M Ebrahimpour --- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iran

The objective of this study in 2009 was to examine whether levels of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) were higher in the leaves than in the stems of a submerged aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum...

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Algae, phytoplankton and eutrophication research and management in South Africa: past, present and future

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: CE van Ginkel --- , South Africa

A brief history of South African research on and management of algae-, phytoplankton- and eutrophication-related problems is presented, including their ecological, social and economic impacts, which provides a basis for formulation of future research needs. The contributions of southern African...

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Pesticides in South African fresh waters

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: TM Ansara-Ross --- Centre for Aquatic Research, Department of Zoology, South Africa V Wepener --- Centre for Aquatic Research, Department of Zoology, South Africa PJ van den Brink --- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, The Netherlands MJ Ross --- Centre for Aquatic Research, Department of Zoology, South Africa

Public concern has recently escalated over pesticide contamination of South African aquatic ecosystems. This review of published literature on the occurrence of pesticides within South African freshwater systems indicates that fewer than 50 studies of selected pesticides have been undertaken,...

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Macroinvertebrates associated with two submerged macrophytes, Lagarosiphon ilicifolius and Vallisneria aethiopica, in the Sanyati Basin, Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe: effect of plant morphological complexity

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: C Phiri --- , Zimbabwe A Chakona --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa JA Day --- Freshwater Research Unit, Department of Zoology, South Africa

Vallisneria aethiopica and Lagarosiphon ilicifolius are common and abundant submerged macrophytes in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. The two species have distinct structural morphologies, with Vallisneria consisting of long ribbon-like leaves, while Lagarosiphon has filiform stems with numerous small alternate leaves. This...

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Fish health status, research and management in East Africa: past and present

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: P Akoll --- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biosciences, Uganda WW Mwanja --- Department of Fisheries, Uganda

This paper reviews the state of research on fish pathogens in Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda from the early 1900s, the period when fisheries management started in the region, to date, and evaluates the current policy, regulatory frameworks, management...

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Turnover patterns in fish versus macroinvertebrates — implications for conservation planning

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: NA Rivers-Moore --- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South Africa

Spatial patterns in taxonomic richness and turnover for fish and aquatic macroinvertebrates are compared to assess the relative usefulness of each taxonomic group in mapping biodiversity patterns. Fish and aquatic macroinvertebrate species data for sites down the longitudinal axes of...

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Body-size distribution, biomass estimates and life histories of common insect taxa associated with a submerged macrophyte Lagarosiphon ilicifolius in the Sanyati Basin, Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: C Phiri --- , Zimbabwe A Chakona --- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, South Africa JA Day --- Freshwater Research Unit, Zoology Department, South Africa

The body-size distributions and biomass estimates of Caenis (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae), Cloeon (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), Coenagrionidae (Odonata), Micronecta (Hemiptera: Corixidae), Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae), the most common and abundant insect taxa associated with a submerged macrophyte Lagarosiphon ilicifolius in...

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Comparative behavioural assessment of an established and a new tigerfish Hydrocynus vittatus population in two man-made lakes in the Limpopo River catchment, southern Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: GC O'Brien --- Water Research Group (Ecology), Unit for Environmental Science and Management, South Africa JB Bulfin --- , Ireland A Husted --- Centre for Aquatic Research, South Africa NJ Smit --- Water Research Group (Ecology), Unit for Environmental Science and Management, South Africa

With the continued establishment of man-made lakes within the natural distribution range of tigerfish in southern Africa, many artificial tigerfish populations now exist in the region. Very little of the behavioural ecology of these artificial but ecologically important populations is...

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Health of sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus in Pongolapoort Dam, South Africa: a comprehensive study

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: KJ McHugh --- Centre for Aquatic Research, South Africa NJ Smit --- Water Research Group (Ecology), Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, South Africa JHJ van Vuren --- Centre for Aquatic Research, South Africa JC van Dyk --- Centre for Aquatic Research, South Africa

A histology-based fish health assessment protocol was used in 2009–2010 to assess the health status of Clarias gariepinus from Pongolapoort Dam, South Africa. Nineteen fish were collected by angling. The histology of liver, kidney, gills and testes or ovaries was...

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Antibiotic resistance among heterotrophic bacteria in Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: OA Agwu --- Department of Biological Oceanography, Nigeria

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the aquatic environment are considered reservoirs for drug-resistant genes. Therefore, culturable heterotrophic bacteria isolated from Lagos Lagoon surface waters between 2011 and 2012 were screened for their susceptibility to 14 commonly used antibiotics belonging to six major...

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Detection of land cover changes around Lake Mutirikwi, Zimbabwe, based on traditional remote sensing image classification techniques

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: T Dube --- Discipline of Geography, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, South Africa W Gumindoga --- Department of Civil Engineering, Zimbabwe M Chawira --- Zimbabwe Environmental Law Association, Zimbabwe

Land cover changes around Lake Mutirikwi in 1984–2011 were mapped from Landsat images using traditional image classification methods including the maximum likelihood classifier algorithm. The possibility of mapping the coverage and abundance of surface floating aquatic weeds was also tested...

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ZOOPLANKTON AND ESTUARINE RELICT (BENTHIC) FAUNA IN LAKE MZINGAZI, A FRESHWATER COASTAL LAKE OF NATAL

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: Southern African Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health • Authors: B.K. Fowles --- , South Africa C. G.M. Archibald --- , South Africa

Lake Mzingazi, a natural, undisturbed freshwater coastal lake in the heart of the Richards Bay municipal area, is threatened by rapid urban and industrial growth. The previously unrecorded composition and distribution of zooplankton in the lake was studied during 1979...

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The barnacles Chirona (Striatobalanus) amaryllis (Darwin 1854) and Megabalanus coccopoma (Darwin 1854) (Crustacea, Cirripedia): two invasive species new to tropical West African waters

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: F Kerckhof --- Management Unit of the North Sea Mathematical Models, Belgium J Haelters --- Management Unit of the North Sea Mathematical Models, Belgium S Degraer --- Management Unit of the North Sea Mathematical Models, Belgium

The collection of the barnacle Chirona (Striatobalanus) amaryllis (Darwin 1954) (Crustacea, Cirripedia) from the hull of a ship that had been operating for five months in the Gulf of Guinea and off Sierra Leone triggered a closer investigation of the...

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The impact of invasive fish and invasive riparian plants on the invertebrate fauna of the Rondegat River, Cape Floristic Region, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: StevenR Lowe DarraghJ Woodford DeanN Impson JennyA Day

Invasive fish and plants are widespread in the rivers and riparian zones of the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa and represent potential threats to the highly endemic freshwater fauna. We investigated the impact of invasive smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu)...

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Impact of winter flow regulation on pest-level populations of blackfly (Diptera: Simuliidae) and non-target faunal communities in a South African river

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: NA Rivers-Moore FC de Moor

The mid-reaches of the Great Fish River in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa experience regular outbreaks of the pest blackfly Simulium chutteri as a direct consequence of increased flows caused by an inter-basin transfer scheme. There are opportunities...

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Application of a fish health assessment index and associated parasite index to Clarias gariepinus (Teleostei: Clariidae) in the Vaal River system, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: D Crafford --- Department of Zoology, South Africa A Avenant-Oldewage --- Department of Zoology, South Africa

The aim of this study was to determine if the fish health assessment index (HAI) developed in the USA and associated parasite index (PI), when applied to Clarias gariepinus at two localities in the upper and middle Vaal River system,...

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Do SASS5 scores vary with season in the South African highveld? A case study on the Skeerpoort River, North West province, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: HE Fourie --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa C Thirion --- Department of Water Affairs: Resource Quality Services, South Africa CW Weldon --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa

Macroinvertebrate assemblages can vary with season as a result of changing environmental conditions and phenology of individual species. The objective of this study was to determine whether results from the South African Scoring System version 5 (SASS5) are affected by...

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Patterns of chironomid body-size distribution in an effluent-impacted river in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: ON Odume --- Unilever Centre for Environmental Water Quality, South Africa CG Palmer --- Unilever Centre for Environmental Water Quality, South Africa FO Arimoro --- Department of Biological Sciences, Nigeria PK Mensah --- Unilever Centre for Environmental Water Quality, South Africa

Body size is an important determinant of assemblage structure in rivers and streams impacted by elevated concentrations of pollutants such as salts and metals. In the present study, because of the larger surface-area-tovolume ratio of small-bodied chironomid species compared with...

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The effect of temperature and salinity on oxygen consumption in the brachyuran crab Cyclograpsus punctatus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Grapsidae)

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: James J. W. W. Winch --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa Alan N. Hodgson --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa

The aquatic oxygen consumption of the estuarine brachyuran crab, Cyclograpsus punctatus, was investigated after a 24-hour acclimation period at different temperature (12.5, 20, 30°C) and salinity (9, 17.5, 35, and 44°) combinations . Salinity had no significant effect on oxygen...

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Are wild African lungfish obligate air breathers? Some evidence from radio telemetry

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: C. M. Mlewa --- Department of Fisheries, Kenya J. M. Green --- Department of Biology, Canada A1B 3X9 R. Dunbrack --- Department of Biology, Canada A1B 3X9

Laboratory studies have resulted in classification of the marbled African lungfish, Protopterus aethiopicus, as an obligate air-breather. However, there have been no investigations of the extent of dependence on aerial respiration by this species in the wild. We used radio...

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Lead accumulation in and its haematological effects on African catfish Clarias gariepinus

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: DH Ogbuagu --- Department of Environmental Technology, Nigeria ET Adebayo --- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Nigeria AA Ayoade --- Hydrobiology and Fisheries Unit, Department of Zoology, Nigeria OB Ugwu --- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Nigeria DO Mba --- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Nigeria

Young adult Clarias gariepinus exposed to 0.0015–0.1500 µg l−1 concentrations of lead (Pb2+) ions for 30 days were investigated for accumulations in muscle, gill, liver and heart tissues, as well as for the metal's effects on haemoglobin concentrations, erythrocytes sedimentation...

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Aquatic macroinvertebrate responses to pollution of the Boesmanspruit river system above Carolina, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: RB Tate --- Digby Wells Environmental, South Africa A Husted --- Digby Wells Environmental, South Africa

The upper Boesmanspruit river system received much attention in 2012 when a pollution event in January rendered the drinking water of the town of Carolina non-potable. The responses of aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the upper Boesmanspruit system to that event...

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Application of multivariate statistics and toxicity indices to evaluate the water quality suitability for fish of three rivers in the Kruger National Park, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: R Gerber --- Centre for Aquatic Research, Department of Zoology, South Africa V Wepener --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, South Africa NJ Smit --- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, South Africa

The water quality of the Olifants, Letaba and Luvuvhu rivers within the Kruger National Park was assessed for their suitability to sustain fish populations. Since water quality assessments result in huge datasets, principal component analysis and an aquatic toxicity index...

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Macroinvertebrate variation in endorheic depression wetlands in North West and Mpumalanga provinces, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: L Foster --- Department of Zoology, South Africa W Malherbe --- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Science and Management, South Africa M Ferreira --- Department of Zoology, South Africa JHJ van Vuren --- Department of Zoology, South Africa

Aquatic macroinvertebrates are rarely used in wetland assessments due to their variation. However, in terms of biodiversity, these invertebrates form an important component of wetland fauna. Spatial and temporal variation of macroinvertebrate assemblages in endorheic depressions (locally referred to as...

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The inshore benthic macroinvertebrates of Lake Nabugabo, Uganda: seasonal and spatial patterns

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Zoology • Authors: J. Efitre --- Zoology Department, Uganda L.J. Chapman --- Department of Zoology, U.S.A. B. Makanga --- Zoology Department, Uganda

Lake Nabugabo, Uganda, is a lake of particular interest because of the unusual nature of its benthic macroinvertebrate community. In this study we quantified the spatial and temporal distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates within the lakewith a focus on habitat associations...

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Post-fire vegetative recruitment of the alien grass Glyceria maxima at a KwaZulu-Natal Midlands dam, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: LF Mugwedi --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa JM Goodall --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa ETF Witkowski --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, South Africa MJ Byrne --- Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, South Africa

An accidental fire at a site where the reproductive behaviour of Glyceria maxima was being investigated provided an opportunity to measure its effect on G. maxima vegetative recruitment. The fire burned G. maxima growing along the water's edge and down...

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Diatoms as water quality indicators in the upper reaches of the Great Fish River, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: M Holmes --- School of Biological Sciences, South Africa JC Taylor --- School of Biological Sciences, South Africa

This study focused on the spring-fed upper reaches of the economically important Great Fish River with the aim of determining if diatoms could be used for biomonitoring in semi-arid conditions in southern Africa. Five sites were monitored monthly from 2010...

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Have grass carp driven declines in macrophyte occurrence and diversity in the Vaal River, South Africa?

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: PSR Weyl --- Zoology and Entomology Department, South Africa GD Martin --- Zoology and Entomology Department, South Africa

The Vaal River, South Africa, historically had a rich diversity of native submerged macrophytes with at least 13 species from 5 families recorded. Over the past 10 years there has been a noticeable reduction in the occurrence and diversity of...

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Efficacy and deficiencies of rapid biomonitoring in biodiversity conservation: a case study in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: HM Barber-James --- Department of Freshwater Invertebrates, South Africa LL Pereira-da-Conceicoa --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa

Rapid biomonitoring protocols, using biotic indices based on macroinvertebrate diversity to assess river ecosystem health, are widely used globally. Such quick assessment techniques are lauded for the rapid results obtained and the relatively easy protocol used to achieve an answer...

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Distribution and community structure of Ostracoda (Crustacea) in shallow waterbodies of southern Kenya

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: B Rumes --- Limnology Unit, Department of Biology, Belgium T Van der Meeren --- Limnology Unit, Department of Biology, Belgium K Martens --- Limnology Unit, Department of Biology, Belgium D Verschuren --- Limnology Unit, Department of Biology, Belgium

The current study presents the ostracod communities recovered from 26 shallow waterbodies in southern Kenya, combined with an ecological assessment of habitat characteristics. A total of 37 waterbodies were sampled in 2001 and 2003, ranging from small ephemeral pools to...

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Factors determining the occurrence of Pleurodeles poireti (Caudata: Salamandridae) on Edough Peninsula, northeastern Algeria

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Herpetology • Authors: Jihène Ben Hassine --- , , Tunisia Daniel Escoriza --- , , Spain Badis Bakhouche --- , , Algeria

Pleurodeles poireti is one of the lesser-known amphibians in the Mediterranean region. This species is strictly endemic to the Edough Peninsula in northeastern Algeria. Here we investigated the factors that determine the presence of P. poireti, by affecting its selection...

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Effect of land use on water quality and phytoplankton community in the tropical Khami River in semi-arid southwest Zimbabwe

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: T Dzinomwa --- Department of Environmental Science and Health, Faculty of Applied Science, Zimbabwe HGT Ndagurwa --- Department of Forest Resources and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Science, Zimbabwe

The water quality and phytoplankton community assemblage of the Khami River, a tropical river sub catchment in semi-arid southwest Zimbabwe impacted by agriculture and urban land use, were examined in March 2015. Conductivity, sulphates, total dissolved solids and salinity were...

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The ecological integrity of the Lower Olifants River, Limpopo province, South Africa: 2009–2015 – Part A: Olifants River main stem

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: SM Marr --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa TD Mohlala --- SAEON Ndlovu Node, Kruger National Park, South Africa A Swemmer --- SAEON Ndlovu Node, Kruger National Park, South Africa

The major rivers of the South African ‘Lowveld’ (low-latitude savanna) suffer numerous impacts from upstream economic activities. Whereas monitoring these rivers is required to detect biodiversity losses, record pollution events and devise mitigation strategies, current monitoring programmes are inadequate. In...

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The ecological integrity of the lower Olifants River, Limpopo province, South Africa: 2009–2015 – Part B: Tributaries of the Olifants River

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: SM Marr --- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South Africa TD Mohlala --- SAEON Ndlovu Node, Kruger National Park, South Africa A Swemmer --- SAEON Ndlovu Node, Kruger National Park, South Africa

Monitoring on the Lowveld reaches of the Olifants River, Limpopo River System, and its Steelpoort, Blyde, Klaserie and Selati tributaries was initiated in 2009. Analysis of the 2009–2015 data from four Olifants River sites showed deterioration in the river’s ecological...

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Physico-chemical water characteristics and aquatic macroinvertebrates of Lake Tsimanampesotse, south-western Madagascar

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: JR Rasoloariniaina --- Centre National de Recherches sur l’Environnement (CNRE), Madagascar

Saline lakes are known to be amongst the most productive ecosystems in the world. Tsimanampesotse, a ‘conservation hotspot’ soda lake in southwestern Madagascar, was integrated into the Ramsar wetland network in 1998. Despite its importance for aquatic birds, knowledge of...

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The scale effect of economic development and freshwater quality in Nigeria: Environmental pollution of the Lower River Niger Basin

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development • Authors: Chigozie Damian Ezeonyejiaku --- Department of Zoology, Nigeria Maximilian Obinna Obiakor --- School of Environmental and Rural Science, Australia Dymphna Javier --- School of Environmental and Rural Science, Australia Ikem Innocent Ifedigbo --- Department of Zoology, Nigeria Hamilton Chukwuebuka Obiakor --- Department of Public Administration, Nigeria

River Niger is the third-longest river in Africa and the longest river in West Africa. The river basin traverses West and Central African countries, and forms a coastal delta (in southern Nigeria) where it empties into the Atlantic Ocean. The...

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Acute toxicity effects of ibuprofen on behaviour and haematological parameters of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: EO Ogueji --- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Nigeria CD Nwani --- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Nigeria SC Iheanacho --- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Nigeria CE Mbah --- Department of Zoology, Zaria CO Okeke --- Department of Biology/Microbiology/Biotechnology, Nigeria A Yaji --- Department of Fisheries, Nigeria

Indiscriminate discharge of pharmaceutical waste into the aquatic ecosystem may pose serious health challenges to aquatic biota. The effect of acute exposure to ibuprofen was evaluated using changes in behaviour and haematological parameters under static bio-assay method in Clarias gariepinus...

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Contribution to the knowledge of the macroinvertebrate fauna of the streams of Kahuzi-Biega National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: MF Ngera --- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles Lwiro, Democratic Republic of Congo SU Pauls --- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Germany RW Holzenthal --- Department of Entomology, USA M Bagalwa --- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles Lwiro, Democratic Republic of Congo MA Bisimwa --- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles Lwiro, Democratic Republic of Congo EM Mushayuma --- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles Lwiro, Democratic Republic of Congo DR Cammaerts --- Independent researcher, research associate of the CRSN-Lwiro, Democratic Republic of Congo

The Albertine Rift is one of Africa’s major biodiversity hotspots. However, the aquatic fauna of its western border in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) remains understudied and poorly characterised. Kahuzi-Biega National Park (KBNP) in DRC is a crucial link for...

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Mapping distribution of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in Rwanda using multispectral remote sensing imagery

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: JA Mukarugwiro --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences (APES), South Africa SW Newete --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences (APES), South Africa E Adam --- School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies (GAES), South Africa F Nsanganwimana --- African Center of Excellence for Innovative Teaching & Learning Mathematics & Science, Rwanda KA Abutaleb --- Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, South Africa MJ Byrne --- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences (APES), South Africa

Water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (C. Mart) Solms (Pontederiaceae), is an invasive aquatic macrophyte with major negative economic and ecological impacts in Rwanda and other East African countries since its establishment in the region in the 1960s. Reliable estimates of water...

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Ecological, recreational and educational potential of a small artificial wetland in an urban environment

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: PN Gitau --- School of Biological Sciences, Kenya GG Ndiritu --- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Kenya NN Gichuki --- School of Biological Sciences, Kenya

Pertinent questions remain on whether small, artificial wetlands, such as abandoned quarries play any ecological or socio-economic role in the environment. To increase information on roles played by small-sized artificial wetlands in the environment, an assessment study was carried out...

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Occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in industrial wastewater, receiving waters and fish

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: SM Lan --- Ecotoxicology Unit, Department of Zoology, Nigeria NH Amaeze --- Ecotoxicology Unit, Department of Zoology, Nigeria HE Obanya --- Ecotoxicology Unit, Department of Zoology, Nigeria CU Okoroafor --- Ecotoxicology Unit, Department of Zoology, Nigeria

Data on pharmaceutical contamination of African waterbodies are scarce. Therefore, this research aimed to quantify the occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in wastewater from pharmaceutical industries, receiving waters and fish. Water and fish samples were collected from waterbodies close to two...

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Water quality assessment using benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators in streams and rivers around Sebeta, Ethiopia

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: A Mezgebu --- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Ethiopia A Lakew --- National Fisheries and Aquatic Life Research centre, Ethiopia B Lemma --- Department of Zoological Sciences, Ethiopia

The increasing impact of human activities on the freshwater-bodies of Ethiopia requires an efficient and cost-effective method for ecological health assessment. In the current study, benthic macroinvertebrates were used to assess the impact of different stressors originating from industries and...

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Mapping subtidal estuarine habitats with a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV)

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Marine Science • Authors: J Wasserman --- Botany Department, DST/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, South Africa L Claassens --- Department of Zoology and Entomology, South Africa JB Adams --- Botany Department, DST/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, South Africa

Subtidal habitats have not yet been accounted for in habitat maps of South African estuaries. In this study, a novel method for mapping subtidal estuarine habitats, using a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) piloted from a boat, was developed and...

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Spatial variability of aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the Okavango Delta, Botswana: considerations for developing a rapid bioassessment tool

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: H Dallas --- , South Africa B Mosepele --- , Botswana

Spatial variability in macroinvertebrate assemblages of the Okavango Delta, Botswana, was examined to evaluate differences in assemblages at a regional and habitat scale. Sampling was undertaken six times during a one-year cycle from 2005 to 2006, with 228 macroinvertebrates samples...

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Threats posed by xenoestrogenic chemicals to the aquatic ecosystem, fish reproduction and humans: a review

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: I Badamasi --- , Uganda R Odong --- , Uganda C Masembe --- , Uganda

Xenoestrogens mimic and interfere with natural functions of oestrogens and adversely affect fish reproduction. Pesticides, plastics, wastewaters and pharmaceuticals are sources of xenoestrogens, and are carried through surface runoffs to water bodies at concentration levels that are harmful to aquatic...

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Spatio-temporal distribution of organochlorine pesticide residues in water and sediments of tropical reservoirs: a case study of Bui Reservoir, Ghana

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: SB Jidauna --- , Ghana R Edziyie --- , Ghana BB Campion --- , Ghana

This study investigated the spatio-temporal distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in water and sediments of the Bui Reservoir from June 2017 to May 2018, to provide baseline data for monitoring contamination in the Reservoir. Samples were collected during four seasons...

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Longitudinal species turnover rates are predictable and should guide location of sampling sites for South African river surveys to assess aquatic biodiversity

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: NA Rivers-Moore --- , South Africa FC de Moor --- , South Africa

Representative samples of biota collected relative to environmental gradients are important for measuring present distributions and predicting shifts in distribution of taxa in response to climate change or reduced river connectivity. Based on river ecology theory and established measures of...

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A critical review of macroinvertebrate-based bioassessment approaches in Africa’s lotic systems: developments, challenges, and legal requirements

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: John Peter Obubu --- , Ethiopia Seyoum Mengistou --- , Ethiopia Tadesse Fetahi --- , Ethiopia Wolfram Graf --- , Austria Robinson Odong --- , Uganda

Worldwide, water resources have an impact on all forms of life as lotic systems are networks that interconnect water resources and land. They are important for navigation, water supplies, agriculture, recreation, and industrial development and help to regulate changes in...

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Macrophyte species diversity and distribution in relation to water quality of the Cheleleka Wetland in Ethiopia

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Haymanot Tesfaye --- , Ethiopia Bikila Warkineh --- , Ethiopia

The Cheleleka Wetland is located in the Ethiopian Rift Valley on the upper shore of Lake Hawassa, after which the regional capital is named. This study investigated the relationship between water quality and the occurrence and diversity of macrophyte species...

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Influence of anthropogenic activities on water quality of the Kihansi River (Tanzania) and on population trends of captive Kihansi spray toads (Nectophrynoides asperginis)

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Atuhombye Sigala --- , United Republic of Tanzania Kelvin Ngongolo --- , United Republic of Tanzania Naza Mmbaga --- , United Republic of Tanzania

Freshwater habitats in Africa receive large amounts of pollutants that affect several aspects of aquatic biodiversity, including Kihansi spray toads (KST) (Nectophrynoides asperginis). Little information is available on the influence of anthropogenic activities on the water quality along the Kihansi...

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Comparison of physico-chemical parameters with macroinvertebrate and vertebrate fauna of Lake Ogelube and Lake Ojii, Opi-Agu, south-eastern Nigeria

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: IE Onah --- , OJ Ajanwachukwu --- , PO Ubachukwu --- ,

The physico-chemical parameters of water provide crucial information on the condition of a waterbody at a point in time. Physico-chemical parameters determine the primary and secondary productivity of an aquatic ecosystem. Data on water temperature, pH, turbidity, water depth, total...

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Molluscicidal and cercaricidal effects of Persicaria senegalensis on Radix natalensis snails and their echinostome-shed cercariae in South Africa

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: MC Mathole --- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa PH King --- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa

Persicaria senegalensis is an aquatic plant of the Family Polygonaceae with apparent molluscicidal properties. The research evaluated the molluscicidal effect of P. senegalensis on the freshwater snail Radix natalensis, and its echinostome-shed cercariae. Various compounds from Persicaria senegalensis were extracted...

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Cadmium exposure induces testicular oxidative damage and histopathological changes in the freshwater leech Limnatis nilotica (Savigny, 1822): the protective role of salicylic acid

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: Ichrak Khaled --- University of Gafsa, Tunisia Issam Saidi --- University of Gafsa, Tunisia Raja Ben Ahmed --- Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunisia Ramzi Amari --- University of Gafsa, Tunisia Waleed Aldahmash --- King Saud University, Saudi Arabia Octavian Pacioglu --- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Romania Najla Hfaiedh --- University of Gafsa, Tunisia Abdel Halim Harrath --- King Saud University, Saudi Arabia

The present study examined the histopathological changes and some parameters of oxidative stress in the testes of the freshwater leech Limnatis nilotica, following their exposure to 50 µg l−1 of cadmium (Cd). The protective effects of salicylic acid (SA) in...

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A bibliometric study on diatom DNA metabarcording for water quality monitoring: a global perspective

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: EO Mbao --- The Technical University of Kenya, Kenya J Nyika --- The Technical University of Kenya, Kenya T Sheng --- Nanjing Agricultural University, China B Ochieng --- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China L Sitoki --- The Technical University of Kenya, Kenya SO Oduor --- Egerton University, Kenya N Kitaka --- Egerton University, Kenya L Olaka --- The Technical University of Kenya, Kenya C Tan --- University of Tours, France

Aquatic biota have been used for decades in water quality assessment since they reflect the changing physico-chemical conditions of waterbodies. Among the aquatic organisms used in biological assessment are diatoms. Initially, morphological studies of diatoms were preferred in monitoring but...

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Assessment of the inland wetland ecosystem types in South Africa: threats and protection

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: H van Deventer --- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), South Africa Jeanne L Nel --- , The Netherlands

Ecosystem threat status (ETS) and ecosystem protection levels (EPLs) are headline indicators that can assess freshwater ecosystems at a country-wide scale. A spatial layer of freshwater, inland wetland ecosystem types of South Africa was combined with a range of spatial...

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An assessment of heavy metal accumulation in the Vaal River system, South Africa, using artificial mussels

Item type: Journal Article • Journal: African Journal of Aquatic Science • Authors: JA Calaca --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa S Dahms-Verster --- University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa

This study aims to identify metal concentrations around the Vaal River system by means of spot water sampling and the use of artificial mussels (AMs). Levels of Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn were determined at...

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