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Die rol van sekere omgewingsfaktore by alachloraktiwiteit
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: C.F. Reinhardt --- Departement Plantproduksie, P.C. Nel --- Departement Plantproduksie,Biotoetse met graansorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is in potte in glashuise en groeikabinette uitgevoer. Geselekteerde grond- eienskappe is gekorreleer met alachloraktiwiteit. Organiese materiaalinhoud (% C) was die beste gekorreleerd met die aktiwiteit van alachlor en pH die swakste. Die r-waardes... -
The persistence in soil and phytotoxicity on dry beans of alachlor and metolachlor as affected by climatic factors
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: E. van Rensburg --- , L.P. van Dyk --- ,The persistence of alachlor (2-chloro-2′, 6′-diethyl-N-methoxymethylacetanilide) and metolachlor [2-chloro-6′-ethyl-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acet-O-toluidide] in soil was determined over an 80-day period at temperatures ranging from 5 to 50°C. Soils were maintained at either 50 or 100% of field capacity. The herbicides were less persistent... -
Alachlor-geïhduseerde veranderinge in sekere membrane van Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench-plante
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: C.F. Reinhardt --- Departement Plantproduksie, Republiek van Suid-Afrika P.C. Nel --- Departement Plantproduksie, Republiek van Suid-AfrikaSekere ultrastrukturele veranderinge veroorsaak deur alachlor (α-chloor-2′, 6′-diëtiel-N-metoksimetielasetanilied) in graansorghumplante is ondersoek. Elektronmikro- skoopmikrograwe het aangetoon dat disintegrering van vakuoolmembrane, kernmembrane en omhullingsmembrane van chloroplaste voorgekom het by alachlorbehandelde plante. -
Die invloed van verskillende tipes en hoeveelhede plantresmateriaal op onkruiddodereffektiwiteit
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: T.C. van Eeden --- , Republiek van Suid-Afrika D. du Toit --- Departement Agronomie en Hortologie, Republiek van Suid-AfrikaDie invloed van agt verskillende plantreshoeveelhede (0–3 500 kg ha−1), sowel as verskiHende tipes plantreste (graansorghum- en mieliereste) op onkruiddodereffektiwiteit is ondersoek in 'n glashuisproef. Onkruiddodereffektiwiteit is bepaal deur middel van 'n indikatorplant, Avena sativa. Droëmassaopbrengs en planttellings van die... -
Role of temperature in the activity of acetanilide herbicides on three Phaseolus taxa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: E. van Rensburgd --- , Republic of South Africa L.P. van Dyk --- , Republic of South Africa G.H. de Swardt --- , Republic of South AfricaAlachlor [2-chloro-N-(2,6 diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl) acetamide], metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6- methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1 -methylethyl) acetamide] and acetochlor [2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-6- methyl-phenyl) acetamide], members of the chloroacetanilide herbicides, are used pre-emergence to control grasses and some broadleaf weeds. Two concentrations, i.e. 0,5 and 2 mg ai kg−1 of the... -
Role of temperature and water potential on the activity of some acetanilide herbicides on three Phaseolus taxa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: E. van Rensburg --- , Republic of South Africa L.P. van Dyk --- , Republic of South Africa G.H. de Swardt --- , Republic of South AfricaThe effect of three acetanilide herbicides on the hypocotyl-epicotyl growth rate of three Phaseolus taxa was studied at two temperatures and two water potentials. The study proved that, apart from the detrimental effects of the herbicides, low temperature and water... -
The effect of acetanilide herbicides on photosynthesis and respiration in isolated hypocotyl-epicotyl cells from three Phaseolus taxa
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: E. van Rensburg --- , Republic of South Africa L.P. van Dyk --- , Republic of South Africa G.H. de Swardt --- , Republic of South AfricaThe effect of alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2,6 diethylphenyl)-N-methoxymethyl) acetamide], metolachlor [2-chloro-N- (2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl) acetamide] and acetochlor [2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl) acetamide] on photosynthesis and respiration of isolated 10-day-old hypocotyl-epicotyl cells from three Phaseolus taxa was investigated. Herbicide concentrations of 1×10−12, 1×10−10, 1×10−8, 1×10−6,1×10−4 and 5×10−3 M... -
Evidence that alachlor selectivity in sunflower is based on depth-protection
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. Allemann --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, Republic of South Africa C.F. Reinhardt --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, Republic of South AfricaThe relative importance of the underground shoot parts (hypocotyl) and roots of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seedlings on the absorption of alachlor [a-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl- N-(methoxymethyl) acetanilide] was studied in a glasshouse experiment. A layer of activated charcoal divided the soil in... -
High availability of alachlor affects the roots and general growth of sunflower seedlings
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. Allemann --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, Republic of South Africa C.F. Reinhardt --- Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, Republic of South AfricaThe tolerance to alachlor [α-chloro-2′,6′?diethyl-N-(metoxy- methyl) acetanilide] of three sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars was evaluated in an aqueous medium in a glass- house. Alachlor (0.79 - 6.32 mg L−1) caused significant reductions in the root and shoot growth of... -
Screening of South African sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars for alachlor sensitivity
Item type: Journal Article • Journal: South African Journal of Plant and Soil • Authors: J. Allemann --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South Africa G.M. Ceronio --- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, South AfricaOccasionally a herbicide that is considered safe to use at prescribed rates causes damage to crop plants at those same rates. Alachlor (Lasso EC®) is registered for use on sunflower at a rate of 1.5 to 1.92 kg ai ha−1...