Factors influencing participation in the planting for food and jobs programme: Empirical evidence from maize farmers in Ejura Sekyedumase, Ghana

Abstract

Planting for Food and Jobs (PFJ) as a development intervention has come with many successes. However, the recent concerns about its gradually dwindling prospects call for academics to study farmers’ participation and motivation, focusing on the Ejura Sekyedumase Municipality in Ghana. Anchored in Arnstein’s Ladder of Participation and Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, the research examines farmers’ perceptions of PFJ, their participation levels, motivational drivers, and key challenges. A quantitative approach was employed, with data collected from 300 PFJ maize farmers using the multistage sampling procedure. Results show farmers exhibited moderate perceptions of PFJ’s components, with market access rated highest, while e-agriculture was least favourable. Participation was generally passive, primarily at the ‘informing’ stage of Arnstein’s ladder. Key factors influencing participation included work itself, responsibility, advancement, growth, achievement, age, land ownership, labour source and Farmer Organizations support. The study highlights cost and distribution inefficiencies of subsidized inputs as major barriers. Policy-wise, empowering farmers through co-decision-making, improved extension services, and affordable, timely input delivery is vital. This research contributes original insights into the socio-psychological and structural determinants of farmer engagement, offering actionable pathways to enhance PFJ effectiveness. It supports Ghana’s progress toward SDGs 1, 2, and 12 by promoting inclusive, sustainable agricultural development.